常用有機(jī)化合物的物理常數(shù)

1、常用有機(jī)化合物的物理常數(shù)常用有機(jī)化合物的物理常數(shù)(包括名稱、結(jié)構(gòu)式、和対分子質(zhì)屋、密度、熔點(diǎn)、沸點(diǎn)、折射率、溶解度等)見卜表。該表的說(shuō)明如F：表序按中文名稱筆畫排列，別名在括號(hào)內(nèi)注明?！懊芏取币豁?xiàng)，對(duì)固體、液體及液化的氣體(標(biāo)出“液”字)為20“C時(shí)的密度(g/mL)或20C/4C相對(duì)密度；對(duì)氣體則為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況卜的密度(g/L)。特殊情況J：括號(hào)內(nèi)注明。熔點(diǎn)與沸點(diǎn)，除另有注明者外，均指在0.10MPa時(shí)的溫度。注明“分解”、“升華”者，表示該物質(zhì)受熱到和當(dāng)溫度時(shí)分解或升華。砧。為20C時(shí)對(duì)空氣的折射率，條件不同時(shí)另行注明。D是指鈉光燈中的D線(波長(zhǎng)589.3iim)在水中的溶解度為每100g水能

2、溶解的固體或液體的克數(shù)，對(duì)氣體則為每100g水能溶解的氣體亳升數(shù)。溫度條件在括號(hào)內(nèi)注明，不注明者為常溫?！胺纸狻敝赣鏊纸鈀”指能與水混溶。在有機(jī)溶劑中的溶解度，易溶或可溶某溶劑時(shí)，均列為溶某溶劑，其他情況則分別注明?；衔锬苌伤衔锞w者，其物理常數(shù)通常以和應(yīng)的無(wú)水物的物理常數(shù)表示；分子式為水合物化學(xué)式者除外?；衔锩Q中的D,L符號(hào)，指化合物的旋光性，即D表示右旋，L表示左旋，TEL表示外消旋，meso表示內(nèi)消旋。(8)表中一”表示暫無(wú)數(shù)據(jù)。名稱結(jié)構(gòu)式相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量密度熔點(diǎn)/c沸點(diǎn)/c折射率20nD溶解度在水中在有機(jī)溶劑中乙二胺h2nch2ch2nh260.110.8995(20C/20C

3、)8.5116.51.4568易溶與乙醇混溶乙-削敕HOOCCOOH90.041.900(17C)189.5157(升華)10(20C)120(100C)溶F乙醇乙烘CH=CH26.040.6208(-82C)-80.8-84.0(升華)1.00051(C)100(18C)溶于丙酮苯或氯仿乙酸稈(CH3CO)2O102.091.0820-73.1139.551.3900612(冷)分解(熱)與乙醸混溶,溶乙醇式苯名稱結(jié)構(gòu)式相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量密度熔點(diǎn)/c沸點(diǎn)/c折射率20nD溶解度在水中在有機(jī)溶劑中丁醇CH3(CH2)2-ch2oh74.120.809889.53117.251.399319(15C)

4、與乙醇或乙能混溶，溶于丙酮或苯異丁醇(ch3)2chch2oh74.120.7982(254C)1081081393915(25C)與乙醇或乙混溶仲丁醇ch5ch2choh-ch374.120.8063114.799.5(25C)1397812.5(20C)與乙醇或乙混溶叔丁醇(ch3)3coh74.120.788725.582.21387800與乙醇或乙混溶己烷CH3(CHCH386.180.66039568.95137506不溶溶J乙醇或乙瞇己酸CH3(CH2)4COOH116.160.9274205.41.41631.10(20C)溶J乙醇或乙瞇己醇CH3(CH2)4CH2-OH102.

5、180.813646.71581.40780.6(20V)溶J乙醇或丙酮，與乙齪或苯混溶丙三醇（甘油）hoch2choh-ch2oh92.111.261320290分解1.4746OO與乙醇混溶，微溶F乙陋丙烯ch3ch=ch242.080.5193（液.飽和除汽壓185.2547.413567(70C)44.6溶F乙醇丙酮CH3COCH358.080.789995.3556.213588OO與乙醇、乙瞇或苯混溶丙酸CH3CH2COOH74.080.993020.8140.9913869OO與乙醇混溶，溶于乙瞇異丙醇(ch3)2choh60.110.785589.582.413776OO與乙醇

6、混溶，溶J內(nèi)恫或苯異戊醇(ch3)2(ch2)2-ch2oh88.150.8092117.2128.51.40532(14C)與乙醇或乙能混溶，溶于丙酮葉綠素aC55HdMgN4O5893.53150-153不溶易溶/熱乙醇或熱瞇葉綠素bC55H7oNIgN406907.51120130不溶易溶/熱乙醇或熱乙陋甲苯C6H5CH392.150.869995110.61.4961不溶與乙醇、乙瞇或苯混溶，溶丙酮甲基紅c15h15n3o226931183微溶溶乙醇，易溶J：熱丙酮或熱苯，微溶乙醇乙烯ch2=ch228.051.260-169.15181(凝固)-103.711.363(-100C)2

7、5.6(0C)溶于乙醛乙烯酮ch2=co42.04-151-56分解遇醇分解，微溶j:乙讎或丙酮乙烷CH3CH330.070.572(-108C)183.3-88.631.03769(0C,0.07Mpa)47(20C)1.8(80C)溶于苯乙睛（鼠基甲烷）CH3CN41.050.7857-45.7281.61.3442300與乙醇、乙瞇、丙酮或苯混溶乙酰水楊酸（阿司匹林）CH3COOC6H5-COOH180.17135（急速加熱）溶于熱水分解溶J乙醇或乙瞇乙酰苯胺C6H5NHCOCH3135.171.2190(15C)1143(115-116)304053(6C)3.5(80C)溶丁乙醇、乙

8、醵、丙酮或苯乙酰氯（氯化乙醸）CH3COCL78.501.1051-11250.91.38976分解在乙醇中分解，與乙瞇、丙酮或苯混溶乙酸CH3COOH60.051.049216.604117.913716OO與乙醇、乙瞇、丙酮或苯混溶乙酸乙酯CH3COOGH588.120.9003-83.5787.061.3723&5(15C)與乙醇或乙能混溶，溶于丙酮或苯乙醇（酒精）CH3CH2OH46.070.7893-11737&51361100與乙讎或丙酮混溶，溶j:苯乙醛CH3CHO44.050.7893(18C)-12120.8133168（熱）與乙醇、乙齪或苯混溶二甲胺(ch3)2nh45.0

9、90.6804(0-937.41350(17C)易溶溶J乙醇或乙瞇N,N.甲基苯胺CN(CH3)2121.180.95572.45194.151.5582微溶溶于乙醇、乙醵、丙酮或苯二苯胺(C6H5)2nh169.231.160(22C)54-55302不溶溶于乙醇、乙醴或苯1,2二漠乙烷BrCH2CH2Br187.872.17929.79131.361.53870.43(300C)與乙能混溶，溶J乙醇、丙酮或苯反丁烯二酸（延胡索酸、富馬酸）HOOCC=CH-COOH116.071.635300-302165(226.6Pa升華)微溶（冷）溶（熱）溶r乙醇、微溶r乙讎或丙酮續(xù)表續(xù)表名稱結(jié)構(gòu)式相

10、對(duì)分子質(zhì)密度熔點(diǎn)/沸點(diǎn)/折射率20nD溶解度在水中在有機(jī)溶劑中甲基橙C14H14N3O3SNa327.34分解02.（冷）微溶于乙醇甲烷CH416.040.5547(0C)-182.48-16433(20C)溶J乙醇、乙醇或苯，微溶于丙酮甲酸（中蟻酸）HCOOH46.031.2208.4100.71.371400與乙醇或乙能混溶，溶于苯甲醇（木醇,木精）CH3OH32.040.7914-93.964.961.328800與乙醇、乙能或丙酮混溶，溶r苯咲喃（氧茂）C4H4O68.080.9514-85.6531.361.4214不溶溶j:乙醇、乙齪、丙酮或苯尿素僻，碳酰胺）CO(NH2)260.

11、061.3230135分解1.484(1.602)100(1708(熱)溶于乙醇尿酸（2,6,8-三規(guī)基U票吟）c5H4N4o3168.121.89分解分解0.06(熱)不溶J乙醇或乙能環(huán)已烷(；H2(CH2)4CH284.160.778556.5580.741.42662不溶與乙醇、乙能、丙酮或苯混溶環(huán)已酮CH2(CH2)4C=O98.150.9478-16.4155.651.4507溶溶j:乙醇、乙齪、丙酮或苯混溶環(huán)已醇(:h2(ch2)4choh100.160.962425.15161.11.464136(20C)與苯混溶，溶j:乙醇、乙醵丙酮苯CH7&120.878655.580.11

12、.50110.07(22X2)與乙醇、乙能或丙酮混溶苯乙烯C6H5CHYH2104.160.9096-30.65145.21.5468不溶與苯混溶，溶j:乙醇、乙瞇或丙酗苯乙酮C6H5COCH3120.161.028120.5202.01.53714不溶溶j:乙醇、乙齪、丙酮或苯間苯二酚c6h5nh2110.111.2717178溶溶r乙醇或乙陋苯胺c6h5nh293.131.02173-63184.131.58633.6(18C)與乙醇、乙能、丙酮或苯混溶苯酚c10h7oh144.191.0989962881.6224微溶（熱）溶j：乙醇、乙齪、丙酮或苯名稱結(jié)構(gòu)式相對(duì)分子質(zhì)密度熔點(diǎn)/r沸點(diǎn)/r折射率20nD溶解度在水中在有機(jī)溶劑中苯酚c10h7oh1440.191.28123-1242950.1（冷）1.25（熱）溶j:乙醇、乙齪或乙苯偶氮苯c6h5n=nc6h5182.23順式：一反式1.2037168.52931.6266(78C)微溶溶J乙醇、乙齪或苯淀粉CHg)(162.14)n分解不溶不溶于乙醇硝基苯CaHsNOz123.111