高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一閱讀理解推理判斷題專練一__細(xì)節(jié)推斷類

1、- -推理判斷題專練（ 一） 細(xì)節(jié)推斷類A2019 安徽省百所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬Ive been a volunteer in the Macmillan GlasgowLibraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a g

2、ood way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had

3、 a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions （ 情感 ） she felt. Weknew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her vis

4、it.The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is non-clini cal and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctors surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.Its great that the p

5、eople who volunteerall work well together, helpingeach other to get a resolution （解決 ） for people who come in. Its good tohave the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual.It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.體裁：夾敘夾議文題材：個(gè)人經(jīng)歷主題：志愿者工作【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在本文中記敘了

6、自己作為一名志愿者的經(jīng)歷。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去幫助那些需要幫助的人，并從中得到了快樂?！径陶Z積累】get the ball rolling 開始某事；繼續(xù)某事He will go to Europe next week to get the ball rolling again on peace talks. 他下周將前往歐洲，開始重啟和談。 What can we infer about the author?A He is a retired doctor. He is volunteering in a hospital.C He is a counselor in cancer

7、.D He has fought against cancer before.答案與解析： A 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容我們可以知道，作者現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)退休，而且有醫(yī)學(xué)方面的技能；結(jié)合第三段的內(nèi)容，我們可以推測，作者是一名退休醫(yī)生，故選 A 項(xiàng)。2 Why did the lady feel upset?A Because she was affected by cancer.B Because her husband suffered from cancer.C Because she didnt know how to treat cancer.D Because she had a po

8、or relation with her husband.答案與解析： B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“ She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her pa rtner ”和“ we discussed with her what could be done for her family ”可知，這位女士的丈夫得了癌癥。注意：此處的“ partner ”表示“配 偶”，故選 B 項(xiàng)。3 What do we know about the volunteers?A They do well in t

9、eamwork.B They receive medical training.C They all used to be helped.D They often meet unusual things.答案與解析： A 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段的首句“ Its great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution （解決 ） forpeople who come in ”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此幫助，為來求助的人提供好的解決方案，

10、由此推知。他們具有很強(qiáng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)意識，善于團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，故選 A 項(xiàng)。4 Why does the author write this text?A To call on readers to do voluntary work.B To show us how to help those in trouble.C To share his experiences as a volunteer.D To teach us how to take care of cancer patients.答案與解析： C 考查寫作意圖。綜合全文的內(nèi)容我們可以看出，本文主要講述的是作者的志愿者經(jīng)歷。因此，作者寫作的

11、目的也就是要分享他作為志愿者的經(jīng)歷，故選C項(xiàng)。B2019 鄭州第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測 People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over-the-counter medicines such as aspirin while others trypopular home remedies （ 治療 ） like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures

12、it.So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According toJames Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so its easy to believe its medicine rather than time that deserves

13、 the credit,USATodayreported.It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviraldrugswork. They attack the virus

14、by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw （ 拼圖 ）, which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviraldrug that is

15、 effectiveenough.The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus（ 鼻病毒 ） A and B. But they didnt find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and Bhave

16、little effect when used againstrhinovirus C.“ This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses ， ” study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, told Science Daily .Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scie

17、ntistshave finally built a highly-detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicine

18、s that dont really work.體裁：說明文題材：醫(yī)學(xué)研究主題：感冒【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對普通感冒的相關(guān)研究?！倦y句分析】 According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so its easy to believe its medicine rather th

19、an time that deserves the credit, USAToday reported.分析： 本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。 so 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句； 句中“ its medicine rather than timethat deserves the credit ”是省略了 that 的賓語從句；its. that.是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，對medicine rather than time 進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。譯文：今日美國報(bào)道說，據(jù)華盛頓大學(xué)的教授詹姆斯泰勒說，感冒在癥狀達(dá)到高峰后每天好轉(zhuǎn)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，通常在大概一個(gè)星期內(nèi)自行消退，因此人們很容易認(rèn)為是藥物而不是時(shí)間起了作用。5 What does the a

20、uthor think of popular remedies for a common cold?A They are quite effective.B They are slightly helpful.C They actually have no effect.D They still need to be improved.答案與解析： C 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it ”可知，作者認(rèn)為常見的應(yīng)對普通感冒的方法都是無效的，這與第

21、二段的專家論述呼應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。6 How do antiviral drugs work?A By breaking up cold viruses directly.B By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.C By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.D By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.答案與解析： B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 根據(jù)第三段第四句“ They att

22、ack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus ”可知，抗病毒藥物是通過附著在病毒表面，并改變其表面結(jié)構(gòu)而起作用的，故選 B 項(xiàng)。7 What can we infer from the passage?A The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.B Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.C Scientists were not aware of the

23、 existence of rhinovirus C until recently.D Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.答案與解析： D 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“ To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw （ 拼圖 ）, which means scientists have to identity the virus and

24、 build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough ”，并結(jié)合對本段的整體理解可推知，了解感冒病毒的結(jié)構(gòu)是研發(fā)有效藥物的關(guān)鍵所在，故選D項(xiàng)。8 What is the best title for this passage?A Drugs against cold virusesB Helpful home remediesC No current cure for common coldD Research on cold viruse

25、s答案與解析： C 考查標(biāo)題判斷。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ Yet here is the tough truth about the c ommon cold: nothing really cures it ”和最后一段的呼應(yīng)，以及對全文的整體理解可推知，本文主要講述了科學(xué)家們對普通感冒的研究，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)目前并沒有有效的治療方法，故選C項(xiàng)。C2019 -貴陽市高三適應(yīng)性考試（一） As parents, we walk a fine line betweencaring for our children and teaching them how to care for themselves.

26、When theyre little, they need our help with everything. Over time, kids usually take the lead on things like feeding and dressing themselves, but it can be difficult to know when its time for them to start doing some basic things, such as packing their own lunches for school or solving problems with

27、 teachers without a parents help.Blogger Amy Carney recently shared a post about the things parents should stop doing for their teens. In it, Carney shared the basic skills that she expects her kids to master by the time they hit 13, such as waking themselves up in the morning, making their own brea

28、kfast and lunch, and finishing their own homework.Barb Harvey, a childhood behavior expert, gave me her answer: The age at which children learn to master certain skills will be different depending upon the maturity （ 成熟 ） and interest level of the child.I asked the samequestion amongmy friends. They

29、 gave all kinds of answers, which can explain Harveys opinion.Therefore, theres only one expert who can determine when your kids have the ability to deal with certain skills, and thats you. If your kids arent ready to pack their own lunches dont sweat it. Help them learn the skills theyre ready to d

30、eal with and keep working towards the end goal of raising responsible and able adults. Because if theres one thing that we can all agree on as parents, its that time moves quickly when youre raising kids. One day you will wish they could just do things without you and the next day, you will feel ups

31、et that they do.體裁：說明文題材：社會(huì)生活主題：父母和孩子的成長【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了父母和孩子成長的關(guān)系?！倦y句分析】 In it, Carney shared the basic skills that she expects her kids to master by the time they hit 13, such as waking themselves up in the morning, making their own breakfast and lunch, and finishing their own homework.分析：本句是一

32、個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中“ that she expects her kids to master ”是 that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞the basic skills 。譯文： 在這篇文章里， Carney 分享了一些她期望她的孩子們到他們 13 歲時(shí)應(yīng)該掌握的一些基本技能，譬如早上自己醒來，自己做早餐和午餐，自己完成家庭作業(yè)等。9 What is Amy Carneys expectation when her children are 13?A To be a skillful cook.To follow Harveys opinion.C To be an expert.D To have basic skills.答案與解析： D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ In it, Carney shared the basicskills that she expects her kids to master by the time they hit 13, such as wakingthemselves up in the morning, making their own breakfast and lunch, and finishingtheir own hom