代詞one,it,that用法小結(jié)

1、 代詞 one, it, that 用法歸納、總結(jié)1在英語句式中,為了避免重復(fù),使得語言簡練,我們常常使用一些代詞,如one, it, that等來替代前面所提到的人或事物.它是近幾年高考的測試重點(diǎn)之一.下面將這些代詞的用法分析如下:一、one作代詞的用法1.one替代由可數(shù)名詞所表示的一類人或事物中的任何一個(gè),即泛指中的強(qiáng)調(diào).這時(shí),替代詞one前面不可加任何限定詞.例如:1)I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.(NMET95)2)A color TV set made in Japan costs more t

2、han one made in China.3)-Who can lend me a Chinese-English dictionary?-I have one.22.one用來替代特指的同一類人或事物的可數(shù)名詞時(shí),其前面必須加上限定詞(如a,the, this, that等)、物主代詞或形容詞加以修飾.例如:1)If you dont like this blue coat, you can buy a black one.2)I dont want the book on the shelf, I want this one on the desk.3)Your old bike is

3、white, while my old one is black.33.one在定語從句中作先行詞替代特指的同一類人或事物時(shí),其前面必須用定冠詞the限定,但不可用that替換.如果先行詞為one of.,其關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語,從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式.例如:1)This farm is the one that we visited last summer.(句中the one代替this farm,作先行 詞,不可用that替代)2)This is one of the highest buildings that have been built in our city rec

4、ently.3)Zhang Lei is the very one of the students who has been praised at the meeting.44.one的復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones,作替代詞時(shí),只可替代同一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,其前面必須有限定詞,如the, some, all等修飾.但不能用數(shù)詞或many修飾.例如:1)Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to the pupils except the ones who had already taken them.(句中the ones可用those替代)(MET92)2)I dont wan

5、t to buy these small pears; I want some large ones.3)She wants to buy some new clothes and throw away all her old ones55.one在句中不可替代不可數(shù)名詞.在句中如果出現(xiàn)了同一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),則需要重復(fù)前一個(gè)名詞,或者省略那個(gè)名詞.例如:1)I prefer black coffee to white (coffee) . (white coffee中的coffee可省略也 可不省,但不可用one替代coffee)2)Folk music is the music that I

6、 like most.(不可用the one替代the music)6二、it作替代詞的用法1.it用來替代前面提到的同一事物時(shí),被替代的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞,也可以是不可數(shù)名詞.例如:1)We are studying in a school with trees all around it.(it替代可數(shù)名詞school)2)-Have you still kept your old furniture?-No,I have sold it.(it替代不可數(shù)名詞furniture)72.it可以替代英語句式中的不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)或從句,在句中作形式主語或形式賓語.例如:1)It

7、is a great surprise to meet you here.(It替代不定式短語to meet you here)2)I think it is no good parents doing anything for their children. (it替代動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)parents doing anything for短語)3)We found it impossible that they could complete the task in two hours. (it替代that they could.從句)83.it可以替代前面的某一名詞或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容.這時(shí),可用

8、that替換,也可以改為非限制性定語從句.有時(shí)it可以前置替代,用以代替后面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容.這時(shí),不可用that替換.例如:1)He said he had never met her, and it is not true. (it替代前面整個(gè)句子He said.)2)I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. (it代替后面整個(gè)句子when people talk with.)(NMET98)9三、that作替代詞的用法1.that用來替代前面提到的特指的事物,所代替的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞,也可以是不可數(shù)名詞.代替可數(shù)名詞可以用the

9、 one替換.但其前面不可用任何限定詞修飾.例如:1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan. (that代替不可數(shù)名詞population,不可用the one替換)2)The headteacher in your class is younger and more active than that in theirs. (that代替可數(shù)名詞headteacher,可用the one替換)102.that在并列分句中,可以替代前面某一個(gè)名詞或整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容,這時(shí),可用it替換,也可改為非限制性定語從句.例如:1)She he

10、ard a terrible noise,and that brought her heart into her mouth.(that替代前面的名詞noise)2)They said they had discussed the problem,and that (=it) was impossible.(that替代前面整個(gè)并列分句They said.)113.that在定語從句中,可作關(guān)系代詞,代替某個(gè)先行詞(人或物).例如:1)The lady that came to our class is from Australia.(that指代先行詞lady)2)A clock is a machine that tells people the time.(that指代先行詞machine)124.that的復(fù)數(shù)形式為those,只可替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),在句中相當(dāng)于the ones.例如:1)The nights there in summer are short