水利專業(yè)名詞

1、水利專業(yè)名詞（中英）A安全儲(chǔ)備safety reserve安全系數(shù)safety factor安全性safety岸邊溢洪道river-ba nk spillway岸邊繞滲by-pass seepage around bank slope岸墻abutme nt wall岸塔式進(jìn)水ban k-tower in takeB壩的上游面坡度 upstream slpoe of dam壩的下游面dow nstream face of dam壩頂dam crest壩頂長(zhǎng)度crest len gth壩頂超咼freeboard of dam crest壩高dam height壩頂高程crest elevati o

2、n壩頂寬度crest width壩段mono lith壩基處理foun dati on treatme nt壩基排水drain in dam foun dati on壩基滲漏leakage of dam foun dati on壩肩dam abutme nt壩殼dam shell壩坡dam slope壩坡排水drain on slope壩體混凝土分grade zone of con crete in dam壩體排水系統(tǒng)drain age system in dam壩型選擇selecti on of dam type壩址選擇selecti on of dam site壩趾dam toe壩踵dam

3、 heel壩軸線dam axis本構(gòu)模型con stitutive model鼻坎bucket比尺scale比降gradie nt閉門力clos ing force邊墩side pier邊界層boun dary layer邊墻side wall邊緣應(yīng)力boun dary stress變形觀測(cè)deformati on observati on變中心角變半徑拱 壩 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗(yàn)擊 數(shù) 冰壓力 薄壁堰 薄拱壩 不均勻沉降 裂縫variable angle and radius arch dam number of standard penetration test ice pressure shar

4、p-crested weir thin-arch dam differential settlement crackirregularity不平整度 C 材料 力學(xué)法 材料性能 分項(xiàng)系數(shù) 側(cè)槽溢 洪道 側(cè)輪 側(cè)收縮 系數(shù) 測(cè)縫計(jì) 插入 式連接 差動(dòng)式鼻 坎 摻氣 摻氣槽 摻氣減蝕 廠房頂 溢流 沉降 沉井基礎(chǔ) 沉沙池 沉沙建筑物 沉沙 條渠 沉陷縫 沉陷觀測(cè) 襯砌的 邊值問題 襯砌計(jì) 算 襯砌自重 承載 能力 承載能力極 限狀態(tài) 持住力 齒 墻 沖擊波 沖沙閘method of strength of materials partial factor for property of mater

5、ial side channel spillway side roller coefficient of side contraction joint meter insert type connection differential bucket aeration aeration slot cavitation control by aeration spill over power house settlement sunk shaft foundation sediment basin sedimentary structure sedimentary channel settleme

6、nt joint settlement observation boundary value problem of lining lining calculation dead-weight of lining bearing capacity limit state of bearing capacity holding force cut-off wall shock wave flush sluice scour hole return period pump drainage measure pump-storage power house outletsection prelimin

7、ary design stage preliminary parameter solution incipient cavitation number沖刷坑 重現(xiàn)期 抽排措施 抽水蓄 能電站廠房 出口 段 初步設(shè)計(jì)階段 初參數(shù)解法 初生 空化數(shù)初應(yīng)力法 initial stress method 船閘 navigation lock 垂直升船機(jī) vertical ship lift 純拱法 independent arch method 次要建筑物 secondary structure 朿U墻key-wall粗粒土 coarse-gra ined soil 錯(cuò)縫 staggered join

8、t 大壩安全評(píng)ssessme nt of dam safety mon itor of dam safety dam 價(jià) 大壩安全 agi ng massive-head dam mono layer lining lift lock 監(jiān)控 大壩老 single line lock tide sluice retaining structure diversion 化 大頭壩 單 tunnel guide wall in verted sipho n overha ng con sta nt 層襯砌 單級(jí) radius arch dam地閘廠單線!船半徑拱壩con sta nt an gle

9、and variable radius arch dam臟流下廠房底B線水緣建筑物變房形交通nergy dissipati on by hydraulic jump bottom edge 地地下墻模倒通風(fēng)u ndation deformation deformation modulus of 量管下倒懸尾水ou ndati on應(yīng)力地震地震 烈度地質(zhì)條件 墊層地基地半徑拱線foundation treatment 理下廠 地形條件nderground power house 地形圖比例尺地tran sformer tunnel of un dergro und power house bus

10、-bar tunnel of un dergro und power house access tunnel of un dergro und power house ven tilati on tunnel of un dergro und power housetailwater tunnel of un dergro und power house un der outl ine of structure gro un dwater topographical con diti on scale of topographicalmap ground stress earthquake e

11、arthquake inten sity geological con diti on cushi on墊座吊耳 調(diào)度跌坎 跌流消能跌水迭代 法疊梁丁壩短管型進(jìn)水口 in take with pressure short pipe斷層堆石壩fault rockfill dam洞身段洞 室群洞軸 線陡坡 渡槽對(duì)數(shù)螺旋線拱壩 log spiral arch dam 多級(jí)船閘 multi-stage lock 多線船閘多心圓拱壩E二道壩 F發(fā)電洞筏 道反弧段反 濾層防沖槽 防洪防洪限 制水位防浪 墻防滲墻防 滲體放空底 孔非常溢洪 道非線性有 限元pli nth lift eye dispatch

12、drop-step drop en ergy dissipation drop iteration method stoplog spur dike定向爆破堆石壩 directed blast ing rockfill dam 動(dòng)強(qiáng)度動(dòng)水壓力 dyn amic stre ngth hydrod yn amic pressure洞內(nèi)孑L板消能 energy dissipation by orifice plate in tunnel 洞內(nèi)漩流 消能 energy dissipation with swirling flow in tunneltunnel body secti on caver

13、n group tunnel axis steep slopemulti-li ne lockmulti-centered arch dam 多用途隧洞 multi-use tunnelsec on dary dampower tunn el logway bucket filter erosi on con trol trench flood preventi , flood control restricted stage for flood preve nti on parapet an ti-seepage wall an ti-seepage body un wateri ng bo

14、ttom outlet emerge ncy spillway non-linear finite element method分岔分洪閘分項(xiàng)系fork數(shù)flood divers ion sluice partial factor分項(xiàng)系數(shù)極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)法 limit state desig n method of partial factor 封拱封拱溫度arch closure closure temperature浮筒式升船機(jī) ship lift with floats浮箱閘門浮運(yùn)水閘 輔助消能Gfloating camel gate floating sluice appurte nant

15、 en ergy dissipati on剛體極限平衡法 rigid limit equilibrium method 剛性支護(hù)rigid supportrei nforceme nt meter steel gate high side slope discharge tunnel with high velocityproject man ageme nt project pla n qua ntity of work engineering design engineering construction service bridge main gate拱壩布置 拱壩上滑穩(wěn)定分析拱壩體形

16、拱端拱冠 拱冠梁法 拱冠梁剖 面拱內(nèi)圈 拱外圈固 結(jié)固結(jié)灌 漿管涌灌 溉規(guī)范過 壩建筑物 過濾層過 渡區(qū)過木 機(jī)鋼筋混凝土襯砌 reinforced concrete lining 鋼筋計(jì) 鋼閘門 高邊坡 高流速泄水隧洞 工程管理 工程規(guī)劃 工程量 工程設(shè)計(jì) 工程施工 工作橋 工作閘門 拱壩壩肩巖體穩(wěn)定 stability of rock mass n ear abutme nt of arch dam layout of arch damup-slid ing stability an alysis of arch damshape of arch dam arch abutme nt ar

17、ch crow n crow n can tilever method pro crow n can tilever in trados extrados con solidati on con solidati on grouting piping irrigation code ， specification structures for pass ing dam tran siti on layer tran siti on zone log con veyer過木建筑物log pass structures 過魚建筑物 fish-pass structures H海漫flexible涵

18、洞culvert河道沖刷 river bed scour荷載load荷載組合 load combination 橫縫 transverse joint橫拉閘門 horizontal rolling /sliding gate 洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn) flood standard 虹吸溢洪道 siphon spillway厚高比 thickness to hight ratio 弧形閘門 radial gate護(hù)岸工程bank-protection works護(hù)坡slope protection護(hù)坦apron戽琉消能 bucke-type energy dissipation 滑坡 land slip 滑楔法

19、sliding wedge method滑雪道式溢洪道 skijump spillway 環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià) environment assessment 換土墊層cushion of replaced soil回填灌漿 backfill grouting 混凝土 concrete 混凝土襯砌 concrete lining 混凝土防滲墻 concrete cutoff wall 混凝土面板 concrete face slab混凝土面板堆石壩 concrete-faced rockfill dam 混凝土重力壩concrete gravity dam J基本荷載組合 basic load combin

20、ation 基本剖面 basic profile 基面排水 base level drainage 激光準(zhǔn)直發(fā) method of laser alignment 極限平衡法 limit equilibrium method 極限狀態(tài)limit state堅(jiān)固系數(shù)soundness coefficient剪切模量shear modulus剪切應(yīng)力shear stress檢查inspection檢修閘門bulkhead簡(jiǎn)單條分法 simple slices method建筑材料 construction material 簡(jiǎn)化畢肖普法 simplified Bishop s method 漸變段

21、 transition 鍵槽 key/key-way漿砌石重力壩 cement-stone masonry gravity dam 交叉建筑物 crossing structure 交通橋 access bridge進(jìn)口段 進(jìn) 校核洪水位 water level of check floo 校核流量 口曲線 進(jìn) check flood discharge 接觸沖刷 contact washing 接 水喇叭口 觸流土 soil flow on contact surface 節(jié)制閘 controlling sluice 結(jié)構(gòu)可靠度 reliability of structure 結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)法

22、structural mechanics method 結(jié)構(gòu)系數(shù) structural coefficient 截流環(huán) cutoff collar 截水槽 cutoff trenchinletinlet curveinlet bellmouthinlet sluice saturated area saturated line economic assessment shaft spillway hydrostatic pressure homogeneous earth damK 開敞式溢洪道 open channel spillway 開裂機(jī)理 crack mechanism勘測(cè)explo

23、ration survey坎上水深water depth on sill抗沖刷性scour resistance抗凍性frost resistance抗滑穩(wěn)定安全系數(shù) safety coefficient of stability against sliding 抗剪 斷公式 shear-break strength formula 抗剪強(qiáng)度 shear strength 抗裂 性 crack resistance 抗磨 abrasion-resistance 抗侵蝕性 erosion-resistance 抗震分析 analysis of earthquake resistance 顆粒 級(jí)

24、配曲線 grain size distribution curve 可靠度指標(biāo) reliability index 可 行性研究設(shè)計(jì)階段 design stage of feasibility study 空腹重力壩 hollow gravity dam空腹拱壩hollow arch dam cavitati on cavitati on nu mber空化 空化 cavitation damage pore water pressure control weir數(shù)W 空蝕r 空riod reservoir area broad crested weir slotted gravitydam

25、width to height ratio expa nding secti on diverge nt an glesedime nt con trol sill trash rack gallery wave pressure prism drain age theory an alysis canoni cal equati on of force method pla in bucketcomb ined en ergy dissipati on beam-type flume water-measure structure crack馬蹄形斷面 脈動(dòng)壓力錨 桿支護(hù)門葉 迷宮堰面流 消

26、能模型試 驗(yàn)臨界水力坡降 critical hydraulic gradient 臨時(shí)縫 temporary joint 臨時(shí)性水工建筑物 temporary hydraulic structure 流量 discharge流速 流態(tài) 流土 流網(wǎng) 流向flow velocity flow patter n soil flow flow net flow directi on露頂式閘門 emersed gatehorseshoe section fluctuating pressure an chor support gate flap labyrinth weir energy dissipa

27、tion of surface regime model test目標(biāo)摩擦公式 friction factor formula 摩擦系數(shù) coefficient of friction函數(shù) objective function N 內(nèi)部應(yīng)力 internal stress 內(nèi)摩擦角 internal friction angle 內(nèi)水壓力 internal water pressure 撓度觀測(cè) deflection observation 泥沙壓力 silt pressure 粘性土 cohesive soil 碾壓混凝 土重力壩 roller compacted concrete grav

28、ity dam 凝聚力 cohesion 扭 曲式鼻坎 distorted type bucketP 排沙底孔flush bottomoutlet排沙漏斗flush funnel排沙隧洞flush tunnel排水 drain age 排水孑 Ldrain hole排水設(shè)施drain age facilities拋物線拱壩 parabolic arch dam 噴混凝土支護(hù) shotcrete support 噴 錨支護(hù) spray concrete and deadman strut 漂木道 log chute 平板壩 flat slab buttress dam平衡重式升船機(jī) vertic

29、al ship lift with cou nter weight 平面閘門平壓管坡率破碎帶plai n gate equaliz ing pipe slope ratio crush zone鋪蓋 blanket Q 啟閉機(jī) hoist 啟門力lifting force砌石拱壩stone masonry arch dam潛壩submerged dam潛孔式閘門submerged gate傾斜儀clinometercanal headwater intake曲線形沉沙池 curved sedimentary basin 渠首 渠道canal渠系建筑物 canal system structur

30、e 取水建筑物 structure R人工材料心墻 人字閘門 任意料區(qū) 溶洞 柔度系數(shù) 褥墊式排水 軟弱夾層QS三角網(wǎng)法 三角形單元 三心圓拱壩 三軸試驗(yàn) 扇形閘門 上游 設(shè)計(jì)洪水位 設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)期 設(shè)計(jì)階段 設(shè)計(jì)階段劃分 設(shè)計(jì)流量 設(shè)計(jì)狀況系數(shù) 設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則 伸縮縫 滲流比降 滲流變形 滲流分析 滲流量 滲流體積力 滲流系數(shù) 生態(tài)環(huán)境 生態(tài)平衡 失效概率 施工導(dǎo)流 施工縫 施工管理 施工條件 施工圖階段 施工進(jìn)度 實(shí)體重力壩 實(shí)用剖面 實(shí)用堰 事故閘門 視準(zhǔn)線法 收縮段 樞紐布置earth-rock dam with manu factured cen tral core mitre gate mi

31、scella neous aggregate zone soluti on caver n flexibility coefficie nt horiz on tal bla nket drain age weak in tercalati on triangulation method trian gular eleme nt three cen ter arch dam triaxial test sector gate upstream desig n flood level desig n reference period desig n stage dividi ng of desi

32、g n stage desig n discharge desig n state coefficie nt design criteria con tracti on joint seepage gradie nt seepage deformati on seepage an alysis seepage discharge mass force of seepage permeability coefficie nt ecological en vir onment ecological bala nee probability of failure con structi on div

33、ersi on con structi on joint con structi on man ageme nt con structi on con diti on con structi on draw ing stage con structi on progress solid gravity dam practical profile practical weir emerge ncy gate collimati on method con stri ngent secti on layout of hydraulic complex輸水建筑物豎 water conveyance

34、structure vertical式排水 數(shù)值分 drainage numerical analysis 析 雙層襯砌 雙 double-layer lining double curvature曲拱壩 水電站 arch dam underground power house 地下廠房 水電 hydroelectric station structure cushion站建筑物 水墊 塘 水工建筑物 水工隧洞 水環(huán)境 水庫(kù)吹程 水basin hydraulic structure hydraulictunnel water environment fetchreservoir submers

35、ion reservoirleakage reservoir bank caving庫(kù)浸沒 水庫(kù)滲 reservoir inundation water power 漏 水庫(kù)坍岸 水 resource hydraulic fracture hydraulic庫(kù)淹沒 水力資 engineering ， water project design of 源 水力劈裂 水 hydroprojectdrawdown hydraulic pressu sluice water quality water resources longitudinal dike quadrangular element fa

36、ilure by plastic flow plastic deformation plastic range closure dike dog deviceT-type pier roof collapse arch method tower intake臺(tái)階式溢流壩面 step-type overflow face利工程 水利工 水利工程樞紐分等 rank of hydraulic程設(shè)計(jì) complex hydraulic complex waterlevel line hydraulic energy horizontaldisplacement water pollution wate

37、rand soil loss instantaneous reservoir水利樞紐 水面線 水 能 水平位 移 水體污 染 水土流 失 水位急 降 水壓力 水閘 水質(zhì) 水資源 順 壩 四邊形 單元 塑性 破壞 塑性 變形 塑性 區(qū) 鎖壩 鎖 定器 T T 型 墩 塌落拱 法 塔式進(jìn) 水口彈塑性理論elastoplastic theory彈性基礎(chǔ)梁beam on elastic foun dati on彈性抗力elastic resista nee彈性中心elastic centre彈性理論theory of elasticity特殊荷載組合special load comb in ati o

38、n體形優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)shape optimiz ing desig n挑距jet trajectory dista nce挑流消能ski-jump en ergy dissipati on挑射角exit an gle of jet調(diào)壓室surge tank貼坡排水surface drain age on dam slope通航建筑物n avigati on structure通氣孔air hole土工復(fù)合材料geos yn thetic土工膜geomembra ne土工織物geotexile土石壩earth-rock dam土壓力earth pressure土質(zhì)材料斜墻earth-rock dam

39、with in cli ned soil core土質(zhì)心墻壩earth-rock dam with cen tral soil core駝峰堰h(yuǎn)ump weir橢圓曲線elliptical curveWWES型剖面堰WES curve pro外水壓力exter nal water pressure彎矩平衡moment equilibrium圍巖surro unding rock圍巖強(qiáng)度stre ngth of surro unding rock圍巖穩(wěn)定分析圍巖壓力surro unding rock pressu帷幕灌漿curta in grout ing維修maintenance尾水渠tail

40、water canal溫度縫temperature joi nt溫度計(jì)thermometer溫度應(yīng)變temperature strain溫度應(yīng)力temperature stress溫降temperature drop溫升temperature rise污水處理sewage treatme nt無壩取水un damed in take無粘性土cohesi onl ess soil無壓泄水孔free-flow outletX 下游 現(xiàn)場(chǎng) 檢查 橡膠壩 消力池 消能 防沖設(shè)計(jì) 消 能工 校核洪 水位 校核流 量 斜縫 斜墻泄洪洞 泄洪 霧化 泄水重 力壩 胸墻 懸 臂梁 汛期downstream field inspection rubber dam stilling basin design of energy dissipatio