2022年新余學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年新余學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not kno

2、w whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because_. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題答案可從本段的最后一句話中找出。第2題【

3、單選題】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. B

4、ut in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sente

5、nce of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and b

6、ad manners not to.【正確答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句話是對(duì)前面的一個(gè)總結(jié)，道出了本段的主題。因此選擇C。第3題【單選題】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞的固定搭配。句子翻譯：那個(gè)提案與手頭上的問(wèn)題根本無(wú)關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示：與無(wú)關(guān)。第4題【單選題】【2009.01】He has deep love for the people and_loyalty to the

7、country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。A 強(qiáng)烈的，極度的；B 最初的，開(kāi)始的；C 立即的，即時(shí)的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，選A比較恰當(dāng)。第5題【單選題】If the operation _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful. A、was not B、has not been C、had not been D、were not【正確答案】C【答案解析】題目意思：如果這個(gè)操作（或手術(shù)）沒(méi)有充分準(zhǔn)備就

8、不能成功了。本題是 語(yǔ)法題：虛擬語(yǔ)氣。本題是與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相違背 第6題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the i

9、ndividuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word “allegiance is closest in meaning to _. A、loyalt

10、y B、objective C、survival D、motive【正確答案】A【答案解析】解本題可用同類(lèi)詞關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷。在“allegiance”前后的兩個(gè)詞分別是commitment和 sacrifice，應(yīng)能判斷出這三個(gè)詞相對(duì)于國(guó)家而言是同一類(lèi)詞，再利用排除法，不難選出正確答案A。第7題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which

11、sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian? A、She i

12、s the author. B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen. C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book. D、She guards the jail in the book.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞鎖定短文本段。本段第一句話給出了正確答案，Marian是最先寫(xiě)這個(gè)故事的人，但是并不是這本書(shū)的作者。而且是這本書(shū)中那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)。第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This

13、 may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of t

14、hat, because some of it is in the form of icebergs（冰山）and glaciers（冰川）. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? A、Nearly 75 per cent. B、About 97 per cent. C、Exactly 3 per cent. D、Less than 3 percent.【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段得知，地球上只有3的水適于人

15、類(lèi)飲用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，還有的被污染，因而實(shí)際上人類(lèi)能用的水要低于3。第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by

16、 giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More

17、 people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段開(kāi)頭告訴讀者“there are more men than are neededwhen two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下來(lái)作者又進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明其實(shí)質(zhì)，即它意味著“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less p

18、roductivity than could be obtained”。第10題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and

19、health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。問(wèn)題句說(shuō)“Hillary的一個(gè)競(jìng)選承諾是改革國(guó)家的醫(yī)療制度?！倍径沃皇钦f(shuō)“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢(shì)”，沒(méi)有說(shuō)Hillary的一個(gè)競(jìng)選承諾式改革國(guó)家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問(wèn)題句的信息在文章中沒(méi)有被提到。第1

20、1題【單選題】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several second

21、s.One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning. A、occurs most infrequently B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is often hidden from our view D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字與題目相關(guān)的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small lumin

22、ous ball，關(guān)鍵詞是rarest（rare的最高級(jí)形式）與infrequently“很少發(fā)生，少有”表達(dá)相同的意思。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose t

23、o leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and mi

24、llions more with just a little hearing drop-off（下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier（放大器）.According

25、to the passage, hearing loss is_. A、only a minor health problem. B、the worlds most common health problem. C、merely a teenage disease. D、an incurable disease.【正確答案】B【答案解析】hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem這句話可以幫助我們找到答案。第13題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Though little research has been carried out a

26、bout how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. _. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. A、Ionosphere is high above

27、the earth. B、If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots. C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that s

28、un storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正確答案】D【答案解析】這一段說(shuō)的是太陽(yáng)黑子對(duì)人類(lèi)健康的影響。填入的內(nèi)容也應(yīng)該與健康有關(guān)，空格后一句說(shuō)到要保護(hù)皮膚。因此D是正確的。第14題【單選題】【2009.04】Dont trust everything _ you have read in the newspapers. A、which B、that C、as D、what【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。譯文：不要相信你在報(bào)紙上讀到的每件事。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的

29、先行詞是不定代詞everything，故選B。第15題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care.

30、This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。問(wèn)題句說(shuō)“Hillary的一個(gè)競(jìng)選承諾是改革國(guó)家的醫(yī)療制度?！倍径沃皇钦f(shuō)“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢(shì)”，沒(méi)有說(shuō)Hillary的一個(gè)競(jìng)選承諾式改革國(guó)家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問(wèn)題句的信息在文章中沒(méi)有被提到。第16題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】

31、The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilson

32、s have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正確答案】B

33、【答案解析】前一句講的是科學(xué)家們過(guò)去對(duì)二手煙的看法，接下來(lái)應(yīng)選表示他們改變觀點(diǎn)的句子，因?yàn)橄乱痪浔砻魉麄兯值挠^點(diǎn)已與過(guò)去截然不同。第17題【單選題】【2008.04】Anxiety can _ with childrens performance at school. A、refer B、prefer C、infer D、interfere【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句子翻譯為：焦慮可以妨礙孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)校的表現(xiàn)。 A . refer to 提到、查閱、涉及；B. prefer to更喜歡； C. infer from（根據(jù)某事）推斷、推定； D. interfere with

34、擾亂、妨礙。第18題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板) and construction toys; pa

35、inting, scribbling(涂鴉) and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity_. A、when he is two. B、when he is around four. C、when he is six. D

36、、when he is eight.【正確答案】B【答案解析】根據(jù)In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第19題【單選題】【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to _ great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put up with C、keep up with D、fall in with【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析?！咀g文】為了跟隨時(shí)尚，這個(gè)女孩不得不忍

37、受極度地不舒適。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，趕上。keep up with：和.保持聯(lián)系。fall in with：偶然遇到，贊同。第20題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Countera

38、ct your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to

39、work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _. A、change his energy cycle B、overcome his laziness C、get up earlier than usual D、go to bed earlier【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題要求讀者找出本段中的最后兩句，并聯(lián)系本段開(kāi)頭兩句的意思，作出正確判斷。本段開(kāi)頭說(shuō)，“雖然你無(wú)法改變自己的能量周期，但你可以使你的生活適合這一周期。Dr. Kleitman認(rèn)為經(jīng)常性的行為(對(duì)你的能量周期)能起作用?！弊詈髢删溆终f(shuō)，“rise

40、 before your usual hourwork better at your low point”(“如果你在上午處于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平時(shí)早起。這并不改變你的周期，但你可以在低潮時(shí)得到能量，工作得更好?！?因此選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。第21題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you c

41、an do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的關(guān)鍵句為：but in fact your brai

42、n and your mouth do not work together properly. 因此本題答案為A。第22題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many langu

43、ages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫(xiě)的書(shū)已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語(yǔ)言，因此C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。第23題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】A moderate earthquake struck parts of

44、southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。題中說(shuō)2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格蘭都停電，與文中表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不符。文中說(shuō)地震殃及英格蘭東南部的肯特郡部分地區(qū)，電力中斷，幾千名居民無(wú)電可用。t

45、he whole England 與 parts of southeast England 是不符的，所以選B。第24題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)；C 選擇、取舍；D 野心、抱負(fù)。第25題【單選題】【2007.04】It is difficult to _ t

46、he implication between the lines. A、get to B、get with C、get at D、get down【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞組辨析。A. 開(kāi)始，接觸； C. 找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)； D. 下來(lái)，寫(xiě)下來(lái)。 第26題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an op

47、en door for systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author, the site Associated Content _. A、offers you a lot of novels to read B、is good for your becoming a writer C、asks you to study wri

48、ting regularly D、is rather expensive but convenient【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。根據(jù)本段的can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer確定B答案。其余選項(xiàng)與原文意思不符。A與D選項(xiàng)所表達(dá)內(nèi)容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C選項(xiàng)中regularly一詞并未在文中得到體現(xiàn)。第27題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre

49、 hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as:

50、 Get up, John！Youll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of th

51、e following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage？ A、Unawareness of energy cycles. B、Familiar monologues. C、A change in a family members energy cycle. D、Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題的關(guān)鍵是看懂本段的最后一句(即：“Much family quarrelling ends when husba

52、nds and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has”)，同時(shí)聯(lián)系本段的第四句和第五句(即：“For some people the peak comes during the morningFor others it comes in the afternoon or evening”)的意思。該句的直接意思是“如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么回事，以及家庭每個(gè)成員有什么樣的周期，很多家庭爭(zhēng)吵就會(huì)停止?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，家庭爭(zhēng)吵的發(fā)生是因?yàn)檎煞蚝推拮硬涣私?/p>

53、能量周期是怎么回事，更談不上了解每個(gè)家庭成員有什么樣的能量周期了。因此A項(xiàng)：Unawareness of energy cycles(不知道能量周期)應(yīng)是正確答案。第28題【單選題】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查（形近的）副詞詞義區(qū)分。譯文：事實(shí)上，約翰遜在參選總統(tǒng)職位之前是個(gè)無(wú)名人士。A 顯然，明顯地 B 外表上，直觀地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上第29題【

54、單選題】This is the most beautiful village _ I visited these years. A、which B、where C、in which D、that【正確答案】D【答案解析】分析句子成分后發(fā)現(xiàn)，visit為及物動(dòng)詞，所缺部分為賓語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)該選擇關(guān)系代詞。因?yàn)檫@里涉及到了最高級(jí)，所以只能選that。第30題【單選題】【2008.10】Never before _ so rapidly developing as it is today. A、has our country been B、has been our country C、our count

55、ry has been D、our country been has【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查語(yǔ)法?！咀g文】我們國(guó)家從未像現(xiàn)在這樣高速發(fā)展?！驹敿?xì)解答】否定詞never在句首，該句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。第31題【單選題】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。句意為：鄉(xiāng)村生活好過(guò)城市生活，因?yàn)樗諝庑迈r且環(huán)境無(wú)噪音。in

56、that 是復(fù)合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一個(gè)固定詞組。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 關(guān)于，至于，舉例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因?yàn)樗咏匀?。?2題【單選題】【2009.10】_ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞?！咀g文】 盡管（雖然）他有許多朋友，但他常常感到孤獨(dú)。第33題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】N

57、orthern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the yea

58、r in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun!In the paragraph, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentione

59、d_. A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate B、to tell us how wealthy their residents are C、to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beauty D、to prove that they have got more tourism than they can handle【正確答案】A【答案解析】該段中所列舉的三個(gè)城市都具有陰冷日短的

60、氣候特點(diǎn)，這些不利的地理氣候條件使得當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裣蛲?yáng)光充足的地方。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)A最接近題意。第34題【單選題】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：當(dāng)你更加了解鮑勃時(shí)，你將會(huì)喜歡他的。試題分析：本題考查主將從現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。 第35題【單選題】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers re