經(jīng)濟(jì)類英語(yǔ)專業(yè)詞匯

1、常用經(jīng)濟(jì)類詞匯：economist 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家socialist economy社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)capitalist economy資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)collective economy集體經(jīng)濟(jì)planned economy計(jì)戈 U 經(jīng)濟(jì)controlled economy管制經(jīng)濟(jì)rural economics農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)liberal economy自 由經(jīng)濟(jì)mixed economy混合經(jīng)濟(jì)political economy 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) protectionism保護(hù)主義autarchy閉關(guān)自守primary sector初級(jí)成分private sector私營(yíng)成分，私營(yíng)部門public sector 公

2、共部門，公共成分 economic channels經(jīng)濟(jì)渠道economic balance經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡economic fluctuation 經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng) economic depression 經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退 economic stability經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定economic policy經(jīng)濟(jì)政策economic recovery經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)原understanding約定concentration集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特爾rate of growth 增長(zhǎng)economic trend 經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢(shì)economic situation 經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)infrastru

3、cture 基本建設(shè)standard of living 生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ,生活水平購(gòu)買力purchasing power, buying powerscarcity 短缺stagnation 停滯 ,蕭條 ,不景氣underdevelopment 不發(fā)達(dá)underdeveloped 不發(fā)達(dá)的developing 發(fā)展中的initial capital創(chuàng)辦資本frozen capital凍結(jié)資金frozen assets凍結(jié)資產(chǎn)fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn)real estate 不動(dòng)產(chǎn), 房地產(chǎn)流動(dòng)資本circulating capital, working capital available

4、 capital 可用資產(chǎn)capital goods 資本貨物reserve 預(yù)備金, 儲(chǔ)備金calling up of capital 催繳資本allocation of funds 資金分配contribution of funds資金捐獻(xiàn)working capital fund周轉(zhuǎn)基金revolving fund 循環(huán)基金 ,周轉(zhuǎn)性基金contingency fund 意外開(kāi)支 ,預(yù)備金reserve fund預(yù)備金buffer fund緩沖基金 ,平準(zhǔn)基金sinking fund償債基金investment投資,資產(chǎn)investor 投資人self-financing 自籌經(jīng)費(fèi),經(jīng)費(fèi)自

5、給bank 銀行current account 經(jīng)常帳戶 (美作 :checking account)current-account holder 支票帳戶 (美作 :checking-account holder)cheque 支票 (美作 :check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer無(wú)記名支票,來(lái)人支票crossed cheque劃線支票travellers cheque旅行支票chequebook 支票簿 ,支票本 （美作 :checkbook）endorsement 背書transfer 轉(zhuǎn)讓 ,轉(zhuǎn)帳 ,過(guò)戶money 貨幣issue 發(fā)

6、行ready money 現(xiàn)錢cash 現(xiàn)金ready money business, no credit given現(xiàn)金交易,概不賒欠change 零錢banknote, note 鈔票 , 紙幣 （美作 :bill）to pay （in） cash 付現(xiàn)金domestic currency, local currency本國(guó)貨幣convertibility 可兌換性convertible currencies 可自由兌換貨幣exchange rate 匯率 ,兌換率foreign exchange 外匯floating exchange rate 浮動(dòng)匯率free exchange rat

7、es 自由匯兌市場(chǎng)foreign exchange certificate 外匯兌換券hard currency 硬通貨speculation 投機(jī)saving 儲(chǔ)裝 , 存款depreciation 減價(jià) ,貶值devaluation （ 貨幣 ）貶值revaluation 重估價(jià)runaway inflation 無(wú)法控制的通貨膨脹deflation 通貨緊縮capital flight 資本外逃securities business 證券市場(chǎng)stock exchange股票市場(chǎng)stock exchange corporation證券交易所stock exchange證券交易所,股票交易所

8、quotation 報(bào)價(jià) , 牌價(jià)share 股份 ,股票shareholder, stockholder股票持有人, 股東dividend 股息 ,紅利cash dividend 現(xiàn)金配股stock investment 股票投資investment trust 投資信托stock-jobber 股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人stock company, stock brokerage firm證券公司securities 有價(jià)證券share, common stock普通股preference stock 優(yōu)先股income gain 股利收入issue 發(fā)行股票par value 股面價(jià)格 , 票面價(jià)格bu

9、ll 買手 , 多頭bear 賣手 , 空頭assigned 過(guò)戶opening price 開(kāi)盤closing price 收盤hard times 低潮business recession 景氣衰退doldrums 景氣停滯dull 盤整ease 松弛raising limit 漲停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 債券Wall Street 華爾街short term loan 短期貸款long term loan 長(zhǎng)期貸款medium term loan中期貸款lender 債權(quán)人creditor 債權(quán)人debtor 債務(wù)人 ,借方borrower 借方 ,借款人bor

10、rowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 貼現(xiàn) ,折扣rediscount 再貼現(xiàn)annuity 年金maturity 到期日,償還日amortization 攤銷 ,攤還 ,分期償付redemption 償還insurance保險(xiǎn)mortgage抵押allotment 撥款short term credit短期信貸consolidated debt 合并債務(wù)funded debt 固定債務(wù) ,長(zhǎng)期債務(wù)floating debt 流動(dòng)債務(wù)drawing 提款 , 提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy補(bǔ)貼 ,補(bǔ)助

11、金 ,津貼cost 成本 ,費(fèi)用expenditure, outgoings 開(kāi)支 , 支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs營(yíng)業(yè)間接成本overheads 雜項(xiàng)開(kāi)支 , 間接成本operating costs生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用, 營(yíng)業(yè)成本operating expenses 營(yíng)業(yè)費(fèi)用running expenses 日常費(fèi)用 ,經(jīng)營(yíng)費(fèi)用miscellaneous costs雜項(xiàng)費(fèi)用overhead expenses, 治理費(fèi)用維修費(fèi)用 , 養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用或有費(fèi)用分?jǐn)傎M(fèi)用總收入 ,總收益毛利 ,總利潤(rùn) ,利益毛額常凈額upkeep costs, maintenance coststr

12、ansport costs 運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用social charges 社會(huì)負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用contingent expenses, contingenciesapportionment of expensesincome 收入 ,收益earnings 利潤(rùn) ,收益gross income, gross earningsgross profit, gross benefitnet income 純收益,凈收入, average income 平均收入national income 國(guó)民收入profitability, profit earning capacity利潤(rùn)率 , 贏利率yield 產(chǎn)量收益 ,收

13、益率增值 ,升值increase in value, appreciationduty 稅taxation system 稅制taxation 征稅 ,納稅fiscal charges財(cái)務(wù)稅收progressive taxation 累進(jìn)稅制graduated tax累進(jìn)稅value added tax 增值稅income tax 所得稅land tax 地租 , 地價(jià)稅excise tax 特許權(quán)稅basis of assessment 估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)taxable income 須納稅的收入fiscality 檢查tax-free 免稅的tax exemption 免稅taxpayer 納稅人t

14、ax collector收稅員GNP (Gross National Product)人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值per capita GNP產(chǎn)值output value鼓勵(lì)give incentive to投入input宏觀控制exercise macro-control優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)optimize the economic structure輸入活力bring vigor into改善經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境improve economic environment整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 rectify economic order有效地控制通貨膨脹effectively control inflation非公有成分non-pu

15、blic sectors主要成分dominant sector實(shí)在的 tangible全體會(huì)議plenary session解放生產(chǎn)力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley舉措 move實(shí)事求是seek truth from facts引進(jìn)、輸入 importation和平演變peaceful evolution試一下 have a go (at sth.)精華、精粹、實(shí)質(zhì)quintessence家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制 family-contract responsibility

16、 system搞活企業(yè)invigorate enterprises商品經(jīng)濟(jì)commodity economy基石cornerstone零售 retail發(fā)電量 electric energy production有色金屬nonferrous metals人均收入per capita income使負(fù)擔(dān) be saddled with營(yíng)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的公司 going concerns被兼并或擠掉annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 receptive增額、增值、增長(zhǎng)increment發(fā)展過(guò)快excessive growth抽樣調(diào)查data from the sa

17、mple survey扣除物價(jià)上漲部分price increase are deducted(excluded)實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)率actual growth rate國(guó)際收支 international balance of payments流通制度circulation system總工資 total wages分配形式forms of distribution風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資金risk funds治理不善poor management農(nóng)業(yè) farming林業(yè) forestry畜牧業(yè) animal husbandry副業(yè) sideline production漁業(yè) fishing第一產(chǎn)業(yè) primary in

18、dustry第二產(chǎn)業(yè) secondary industry第三產(chǎn)業(yè) tertiary industry生產(chǎn)資料 means of production生活資料 means of livelihood/subsistence生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 relations of production生產(chǎn)力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people社會(huì)主義集體所有制 socialist collective ownership厲行節(jié)約，反對(duì)浪費(fèi) to prac

19、tice strict economy and combat waste外資企業(yè) foreign-funded enterprise合資企業(yè) joint venture合作企業(yè) cooperative enterprise獨(dú)資企業(yè) wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise一個(gè)中心、兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn) one central task and two basic points資本主義和社會(huì)主義并不是以計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)的多少來(lái)劃分的。Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of pl

20、anned and market economy.初步建立社會(huì)主義計(jì)劃商品經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制。to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.work/needs.經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革。reform in economic structure剩余勞動(dòng)力。surplus labor經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制operative mechanism發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)的調(diào)節(jié)作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律的杠桿economic and le

21、gal leverages經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃和市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合to combine economic planning with market regulation計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機(jī)制a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)National Council for US-China Trade美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)理事會(huì)Japan-China Economic Association 日中經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì)日本國(guó)際貿(mào)Association for the Promotion of International

22、Trade,Japan易促進(jìn)會(huì)英國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)British Council for the Promotion of International Trade委員會(huì)國(guó)際商會(huì)International Chamber of CommerceInternational Union of Marine Insurance國(guó)際海洋運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)協(xié)會(huì)International Alumina Association國(guó)際鋁研土協(xié)會(huì)Universal Postal Union, UPU萬(wàn)國(guó)郵政聯(lián)盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC關(guān)稅合作理事會(huì)United Nations Trad

23、e and Development Board聯(lián)合國(guó)貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事會(huì)Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 作與開(kāi)發(fā)組織經(jīng)濟(jì)合European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體歐洲European Free Trade Association, EFTA 歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 歐洲自由貿(mào)易區(qū)Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA經(jīng)濟(jì)互助委員會(huì)Eurog

24、roup 歐洲集團(tuán)Group of Ten 十國(guó)集團(tuán)Committee of Twenty(Paris Club)二十國(guó)委員會(huì)Coordinating Committee, COCOM巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會(huì)Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association,CARIFTA加勒比共同市場(chǎng)(加勒比自由貿(mào)易同盟)Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO安第斯共同市場(chǎng)Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA拉丁

25、美洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟Central American Common Market, CACM中美洲共同市場(chǎng)African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM非洲與馬爾加什共同組織East African Common Market, EACM東非共同市場(chǎng)Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟(jì)同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC西非經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體英語(yǔ)教學(xué)常用的句子：上課 (Beginning a class)Let s start now. / Le

26、t s begin our class / lesson .Stand up, please.Sit down, please.2.問(wèn)候(Greeting)Hello, boys and girls / children .Good morning, class / everyone / everybody / children / boys and girls.Good afternoon, class / everyone / everybody / children / boys and girls.How are you today?3. 考勤 (Checking attendance)Who s on duty today? / Who s helping this morning / today?Is everyone / everybody here / present?Is anyone away? / Is anybody away?Is anyone absent? / Is anybody absent?Who s absent? / Who s away?Where is he / she?Try to be on time. / Don t be late next time.Go back to y