【課件】高中英語定語從句講解課件 2023屆高考備考專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、定語從句關(guān)系代詞1.who指人，做主語,不可省略。 The man _ is sleeping is his father .2.whom指人，做賓語，可省略 The man _ you are looking for is his fatherwhowhom3.which指物，做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略 This is the watch _ I am looking for.which4.that指人指物，做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略 I like music_I can dance to (that) 5.whose指人指物，做定語 。 The classroom _ door i

2、s broken will soon be repaired.whose1. 關(guān)于 whose whose 在從句中作定語，意為“.的 ”在whose 后面，一定要有名詞，因為它起到定語的作用，用來修飾名詞。I know a boy _mother is a teacher in our school.whose My friend got a new room _ windows face the south.whose注意：whose常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：whose sth = the sth of which （指物） = and ones sth (指人或指物)The classroom

3、 _ door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of _ is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom will soon be repaired and _ door is broken.whosewhichitsDo you like the book _color is pink?=Do you like the book the color of _ is pink?=Do you know the book , and _ colour is pink?wh

4、ose whichits2. 關(guān)于 that 萬能，指人指物，做主語做賓語，做賓語可省略The house _was built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.that The teacher _I met yesterday is a teacher of English(that ) 只能用that 的幾種情況1.當(dāng)先行詞被 some-，any-，every-，no-，all，much，little，none，few 等修飾時，關(guān)系詞只能用thatAll the people _ come from the country work much ha

5、rderthat2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時，關(guān)系詞只能用thatThe first place _they visited in London was the Big Benthat This is the best film _ I have seen.that3.當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the only修飾時，關(guān)系詞只能用thatThis is the very dictionary_ I want to buythatAfter the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing _ he owned.thatWhich

6、 is the t-shirt _ fits me most?thatWho is the man _is standing there?5.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，關(guān)系詞只能用thatthat Can you remember the scientist and his theory _ we have learned?that4.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時，關(guān)系詞只能用that6.在there be 句型中，只用thatThere is a bus _ can take you homethat3. 關(guān)于which 指物，做主語賓語，做賓語可省略。一般可與that互換T

7、he fish_we bought were not fresh (which /that) 指物，做主語賓語，做賓語可省略。一般可與that互換定語從句只能用which的情況1.先行詞為that，those時，關(guān)系詞只能用whichWhats that _ is under the desk ?which2.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時，只能用which。(將在后面詳細講解)3.引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，只能用which(將在后面詳細講解)4.先行詞為the way時由in which或that引導(dǎo)，且可省略The way _he answered the question was surprising(

8、in which/ that) 5.當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時，常用whichTom was always late for school, _made his teacher angry.which 4.關(guān)于 who , whom 先行詞如果指人，關(guān)系代詞可用上述的 that，也可用who, whom. Who, whom在從句中分別作主語和賓語。在口語和非正式文體中whom可省略The boy _ broke the window is Tom.who/thatThe girl you are looking for is a student. (who,whom)whomI do

9、nt like people talk much but do little .A.whom B.that C.which D.whoseB1.as代替前面的句子或詞，引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以前置，而which不行as引導(dǎo)的定語從句As was natural, he married the girl.As we know, the earth is round.2.用在the sameas, suchas,結(jié)構(gòu)中We are facing the same problems as we did years agoWe hope to get such a tool as he is usingas

10、引導(dǎo)定語從句主要用于非限制性定語從句和the sameas，suchas的結(jié)構(gòu)中。the sameas與the samethat引導(dǎo)的定語從句在意義上的區(qū)別前者修飾的是同類不同物；而后者修飾的同樣的東西。This is the same watch as I lost. This is the same watch that I lost. 這和我丟失的那一只表一樣。（不是同一只）這就是我丟失的那一只表。（同一只）DCBB警惕句子中的介詞 - 介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.如果定語從句中有介詞，并且關(guān)系詞能與介詞連用構(gòu)成詞組，則用which whom that 引導(dǎo)（此時that僅指物不指人

11、,介詞與that不能緊挨著）.例：選擇適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空 who whom which that whose 例1.Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine _ you asked for.that/which例2.The man _ you talked with is my friend.whom例3.Is this the man from _ you borrowed the novel ? whom例4.He liked the film in his favourite actor , Will Smith , playedA.what B.whe

12、re C.which D.whoC警惕句子中的介詞 - 介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句2.如果定語從句中無介詞，但分析后缺少介詞短語， 則用“介詞+which”或“介詞+whom”引導(dǎo).例1.The plane we flew to canada is very comfortable. A.that B.in which C.with whomB例2.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whomD例3.Tomorro

13、w I will bring here a magazine you asked.A. that B. who C. for which D. to whomC判斷正誤： (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (2) The man that you talked with is my friend. (3) The plane in which we flew to canada is very comfortable. (4) The plane in that we flew to canada is very comfortabl

14、e. 答案:1(t)2. (f) 應(yīng)改為 whom3.(t) 4.(f) 應(yīng)改為 in which3. 含有介詞的動詞詞組一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等,否則拆開后意思就變了。判斷正誤(1) this is the watch which I am looking for. (2) this is the watch for which I am looking. 答案: 1.(t)（look for 尋找）2.(f)（look看）關(guān)系副詞 where when why對劃線部分提問1.Fanghua lives in Panjin

15、.2.Fanghua lives in Panjin.Where does Fanghua live ?What/Which city does Fanghua live in where = 介詞+地點名詞when = 介詞+時間名詞Why = 介詞+原因名詞易錯題:1.關(guān)系詞指地點時用that還是whereThe picture reminded me of the town _ I grew up.where Beijing is the place _ I was born inthatThe picture reminded me of the town _ I used to li

16、ve inthatBeijing is the place _ I was bornwhere 易錯題:2.關(guān)系詞指時間時用that還是whenThe time we arrived at was not late thatThe time we arrived was not latewhen3.關(guān)系詞指原因時用that還是whyIs this the reason he refused our offer ?whyIs this the reason he refused our offer for ?that和限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句 China is a count

17、ry which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming powerful.非限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句_逗號，從句去掉后對原句意思_影響；限制性定語從句_逗號，從句去掉后對原句意思_影響無有有無觀察引導(dǎo)詞：非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞指物時只能用which/whose，不能用that；指人時用who/whomYesterday I met Li Ping, _ seemed to be very busy.whoThe dam, _is the biggest in the world, is 3

18、800 metres long.which The workers, some of _ stayed for four years, came from different countries.whomThis is the best novel _ I have read.thatThis is a good novel, _ is famous and popular.which非限制性定語從句里沒有that和why，why可以用for which代替。I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting我把理由

19、告訴了他們，為此我沒去開會。None of us accepted the reason he explained , for which he was absent.我們沒有一個人接受他所解釋的理由非限制性定語從句從 不能出現(xiàn) that 和why,但是你會見到以下句子：Meeting my uncle on the street after many years was an unforgettable experience , one (that) I will always treasure.或者就是下面那句My success in business , the reason why

20、he dislikes me , has been due to hard work.這兩句中的定語從句都不是非限制性定語從句,而是限制性定語從句.因為 why 和 that 都沒有直接出現(xiàn)在逗號后面,關(guān)系詞直接出現(xiàn)在逗號后面才叫做非限制性定語從句.用which/as代替整個句子非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一個詞，也可以是部分或整個主句。用which或as來引導(dǎo)She accepted his proposal(求婚), _was natural.as(which) as可以放在主句之前，之后，句中，位置很靈活。但是which只在主句之后_ he pointed out, your words were wrong.As The boy is pretty handsome, _we can see in our classroomas/which高考命題規(guī)則1.關(guān)于whose空格后有名詞，從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成“and ones”或“the sth of whic