耳鼻喉科學(xué)教學(xué)課件緒論英文

1、耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科學(xué)OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck SurgeryIntroductionThe tasks of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head & Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS)Study：ORL-HNS and esophagus, trachea and bronchianatomy, physiology and diseases1、The function & features of organs in ORL-HNSSpecial function：audition, olfaction, sense of ta

2、ste, balancePhysiologic function：respiratory function，phonatory function and deglutitory function，immune defensive function.Ordinary diseases：otitis media, rhinitis and sinusitis, pharyngitis and tonsillitis, laryngitis, deafness.Emergency cases：foreign body, traumatism, hematorrhea, laryngeal obstr

3、uction Tumor：carcinoma of nasopharynx, carcinoma of larynx, carcinoma of rhinosinus, carcinoma of middle ear.2、Relationship with other organsNoseorbit, anterior cranial fossa, sellar area, oral cavityEarmiddle and posterior skull base, clivus, rhinopharynxPharynx and larynxoral cavity, rhinopharynx,

4、 trachea and bronchi, esophagus, obstructive sleep apnea syndrom(OSA)Infective focusrheumatic fever, arthritis, cardiac disorder, nephritis3、Development of otorhinolaryngology-head & neck surgery：CT, MRI, microscope, endoscope, navigation system, head neck surgery, otoneurosurgery, skull base surger

5、y, audiology, voice medicine and speech pathology.Endoscopic sinus surgeryESSTranssphenoid endonasalendoscopic approachEndoscopic optic nerve decompressionEndoscopic transnasalorbital decompressionDacryocystorhinostomyMiddle cranial fossa approach to the internal auditory canal for resection of intr

6、acanalicular acoustic neurinomaMicrosurgery of the ear and temporal boneSuboccipital approach to the resection of acoustic neurinomaOtoneurosurgery Nobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineRobert Brny 1941Georg von Bksy 1961Richard Axel & Linda B. Buck 2004The educational aims of otorhinolaryngology-hea

7、d &neck surgeryAims：mastering methods of examination for ORL-HNS，mastering diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the diseases in ORL-HNS.Anatomy of the noseExternal noseNasal cavity and sinusesNasal cavity-nasal vestibule，nasal fossa proper；Nasal septum(septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate

8、)，Lateral wall of the nose: turbinate, meatus, olfactory sulcusAnatomy of the nasal septum Lateral wall of noseinferior turbinate & inferior meatus（下鼻甲、下鼻道）middle turbinate & middle meatus （中鼻甲、中鼻道）superior turbinate & superior meatus（上鼻甲、上鼻道）uncinate process（鉤突）ethmoid bulla （篩泡）semilunar hiatus（半月

9、裂）concha bullosa(中甲泡) uncinate process(鉤突)Coronal viewCoronal CT scan frontal sinus 額竇 ethmoid sinus篩竇maxillary sinus上頜竇Coronal viewsphenoid sinus蝶竇choanae orposterior nares后鼻孔Blood supplyOphthalmic arteryanterior & posterior ethmoidal arteries(Internal carotid system)Internal maxillary arterysphenopalatine artery、infraorbital artery、greater palatine artery(External carotid system)Littles areanasopalatine, anterior ethmoidal, posterior ethmoidal,