主題翻譯中國(guó)歷史文化

1、主題翻譯 （中國(guó)歷史文化）1.筷子說(shuō)到筷子(chopsticks)的起源，中國(guó)是世界上第一個(gè)使用筷子的國(guó)家，用筷子吃飯已經(jīng)有至少3000年的歷史了?？曜涌雌饋?lái)很簡(jiǎn)單， 只有兩根小細(xì)棒，但它有很多功能，比如挑選，移動(dòng)，攪拌或者挖。此外，它便于使用，價(jià)格便宜。而且筷子也是世界上獨(dú)有的餐具(tableware)。使用筷子的人，無(wú)論是中國(guó)人還是外國(guó)人，都無(wú)不欽佩筷子的發(fā)明者。參考譯文When we refer to the origin of chopsticks, China is the first country in the world to use chopsticks and has a

2、history of at least 3,000 years to have meals with chopsticks. Chopsticks seems quite simple with only two small and thin sticks, but it is in possession of many functions, such as picking, moving, mixing and digging; moreover，it is convenient for use and cheap in price. Besides, chopsticks are also

3、 unique tableware in the world. Anyone using chopsticks，no matter Chinese or foreigners, would without exception admire the inventor of chopsticks.2.長(zhǎng)城長(zhǎng)城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國(guó)卻沒(méi)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城，就像到了巴黎沒(méi)有去看看埃菲爾鐵塔（Eiffel），或者就像到了埃及沒(méi)有去看金字塔一樣。人們常說(shuō)：“不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢?！睂?shí)際上，長(zhǎng)城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國(guó)后才將其連城長(zhǎng)城。然而，今天我們看到的長(zhǎng)城東起山海關(guān)，西至嘉峪關(guān)大部

4、分都是在明代修建的。參考譯文The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that created by human beings. If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, its just like going to Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids! Men often say, He who doest not reach t

5、he Great Wall is not a true man. In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the Great Wall until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shan haiguan Pass in the east to Jia yunguan Pass in the west, was mostly built

6、 during the Ming Dynasty.3. 剪紙(paper cutting)是中國(guó)最為流行的傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)形式之一。 中國(guó)剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史，在明朝和清朝時(shí)期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特別流行。人們常用剪紙美化居家環(huán)境。特別是在春節(jié)和婚慶期間，剪紙被用來(lái)裝飾門窗和房間，以增加喜慶的氣氛。 剪紙最常用的顏色是紅色，象征健康和興旺。中國(guó)剪紙?jiān)谑澜绺鞯睾苁軞g迎，經(jīng)常被用作饋贈(zèng)外國(guó)友人的禮物。參考譯文Paper cutting is one of Chinas most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese pa

7、per cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors，windows and room

8、s in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.4. 中醫(yī)(Chinese medicine)是世界醫(yī)學(xué)的遺產(chǎn)。中醫(yī)有比西方醫(yī)學(xué)更好的治病方法。因?yàn)?/p>

9、中醫(yī)的效果和醫(yī)治方式，在世界上中醫(yī)現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越流行了。中醫(yī)起源于古代，巳經(jīng)發(fā)展了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，它收集了治療不同疾病的各種方法。傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)講究人們身體系統(tǒng)的平衡。 這是說(shuō)，一旦人的身體系統(tǒng)平衡，疾病就會(huì)消失。身體系統(tǒng)的損害是疾病的根源。參考譯文Chinese medicine is a heritage of world medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has a power to heal people better than the western ones. Chinese medicine now is more and more popular

10、 in the world due to its effect and its way to heal people. Originated from the ancient time，the Chinese medicine has developed for a long time and it has collected various ways to treat different illness. The traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to the balanced body system of people. It is s

11、aid that once the system of people is in balance, the illness will disappear. The damage of the body system is the source of disease.5. 中國(guó)人的姓名通常姓(family name)在前，名(given name)在后。中國(guó)有10多億個(gè)名字，所以人們即便在隨意場(chǎng)合也可能會(huì)連名帶姓地介紹自己，這是很尋常的。歷史上，人名的受歡迎稈度會(huì)隨著時(shí)事而變化。例如，文化大革命(Cultural Rcvolution)期間，“紅”頗受歡迎，因其代表“革命”。20世紀(jì)80年代改革

12、開放時(shí)期，“致富”成為一個(gè)名字，因其意為“變得富有”。參考譯文：In China the family name is usually in front of the given name. It isnt unusual for a man to introduce himself by his family name with given name even in casual situations because there are more than a billion given names. The Chinese given name has a history of chang

13、ing with popularity depending on what events were going on. For instance, during the Cultural Revolution Hong (the color red) was very popular as it represents revolution. During the reform and opening up in the 1980s, Zhifu became one given name as it means “getting rich”.6. 自上世紀(jì)90年代后期起，七夕節(jié)(the Dou

14、ble Seventh Festival )開始被稱為“中國(guó)的情人節(jié)”。這個(gè)節(jié)日可以追溯到漢朝，當(dāng)時(shí)對(duì)戀人、女孩都是個(gè)特殊的日子。 這天，女孩會(huì)舉行儀式，向織女(Zhinv)乞求智慧、技藝和美滿婚姻，所以七夕節(jié)還被稱為“乞巧節(jié)(the Begging for Skills Festival)”。如今，一些傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗已經(jīng)弱化。人們現(xiàn)在把七夕節(jié)當(dāng)作浪漫的情人節(jié)來(lái)慶祝，尤其是在年輕人中間。參考譯文：The Double Seventh Festival has been called Chinese Valentines Day since the late 1990s. The festival c

15、an be traced back to the Han Dynasty. It was then a special day not only for lovers, but also for girls. Girls would hold a ceremony to beg Zhinv for wisdom, skills and a satisfying marriage. So it is also called “the Begging for Skills Festival”. Today some traditional customs have been weakened. N

16、ow the festival is celebrated as a romantic valentines day, particularly among young people.7. 孔子(Confucius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國(guó)儒學(xué)(the Ru School)思想的創(chuàng)始人。儒學(xué)(Confucianism)，這個(gè)道德和宗教哲學(xué)的大系統(tǒng)建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學(xué)上。馮友蘭， 中國(guó)思想史上20世紀(jì)偉大的的權(quán)威之一，把孔子在中國(guó)歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底(Socrates)。Confucius was a thinker, political figu

17、re, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung. Fung Youlan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius influence in Chinese h

18、istory with that of Socrates in the West.8. 光棍節(jié)(SinglesDay)-11月11日是在20世紀(jì)90年代開始流行的。單身青年互相請(qǐng)客吃飯或送禮物給心上人，以告別單身。贈(zèng)送禮物的傳統(tǒng)使光棍節(jié)成為購(gòu)物節(jié)，因?yàn)樗袖N售商，從賣珠寶的到賣電視的，甚至到賣汽車的，都看到了這個(gè)營(yíng)銷機(jī)會(huì)，并推出了光棍節(jié)促銷活動(dòng)。這是美國(guó)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一(Cyber Monday)”感恩節(jié)周末后的第一天的翻版，這天圣誕采購(gòu)開始，是商人售賣最忙碌的一天?！緟⒖甲g文】Singles Day Nov.11 began to gain its popularity in the 1990s

19、. Unattached young people would treat each other to dinner or give gifts to the person he/she loves to end their single status. That gift-giving helped to turn Singles Day into a shopping festival as sellers of everything from jewelry to TVs，even to cars saw a marketing opportunity and launched Sing

20、les Day sales. It is similar to Cyber Monday in the United Statesthe day after Thanksgiving weekend，when online Christmas shopping begins and merchants have their busiest sales day.9. 火藥(gunpowder)是最早出現(xiàn)的化學(xué)炸藥和推進(jìn)劑(propellant)。在火藥發(fā)明之前，人們使用過(guò)許多燃燒彈(incendiary bomb)和燃燒設(shè)備。人們通常把火藥的發(fā)明歸因于中國(guó)的煉金術(shù)(alchemy)。眾所周知，火藥被列為中國(guó)的