高中牛津高二英語模塊五unit2語法教學(xué)案教案

1、M5U2語法編寫人：孫建華審核人：審核組現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞是非謂語動詞中的一種，它運(yùn)用廣泛、靈活，在句中可以作定語、表語、 賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語。一、現(xiàn)在分詞的各種形式及物動詞(write)不及物動詞(go)形式主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)一M式writingbeing writtengoing完成式having writtenHaving been writtenhaving gone1、現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式：表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。 She sat there. 她坐在那兒看書。, he shut the door.進(jìn)了房間，他關(guān)上門。2、現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式：表示的動作發(fā)生在謂

2、語動詞表示的動作之前。for many years, he told us a lot of things about the city.在那兒住了多年，他告訴了我們關(guān)于這個(gè)城市的很多事情。for ten miles, they felt very tired.走了十英里路，他們感覺非常疲勞。3、現(xiàn)在分詞的主動式：表示主動意義，即現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語和現(xiàn)在分詞之間是 主謂關(guān)系。, he stays at home to rest.因?yàn)樯眢w不好，他呆在家里休息。, he practiced the piano.做完了作業(yè)，他練習(xí)鋼琴。4、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式：表示被動意義，即現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語和現(xiàn)在分

3、詞之間是被動關(guān)系。, the building looks very beautiful.重建之后，這座建筑看上去很漂亮。near a fire, the wet clothes will dry quickly.掛在火爐旁，衣服很快就干了。5、現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式：由not 后接分詞構(gòu)成。what to do, we asked him for help.由于不知道怎么辦才好，我們找他幫忙。the word, he asked the teacher to explain to him.由于不明白這個(gè)詞是什么意思，他讓老師給他解釋。6、現(xiàn)在分詞短語：現(xiàn)在分詞及其所跟的狀語或賓語一起叫做現(xiàn)在分詞短

4、語.如 : working hard, helping others二、現(xiàn)在分詞的句法作用1 、作補(bǔ)足語現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，對句子的賓語起補(bǔ)充或說明作用，句子的賓語就是該分詞的邏輯主語。現(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系，所表示的動作一般與句中謂語動詞所表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表示被動關(guān)系，所表示的動作一般發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前。 常見的可以跟復(fù)合賓語的感官動詞有see, hear, watch, listen to , notice,observe, smell, lookat 等以及 make, have, get, keep, leave, catch 等使役動詞。如：The

5、teacher caught a boy student cheating in the exam.老師發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小男孩在考試中作弊。（a boy student 與 cheat 之間是主動關(guān)系）Childrenliketowatchmagicians.孩子們喜歡看魔術(shù)師表演魔術(shù)我們經(jīng)常看見他被他爸爸打。.位于 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。注意根據(jù)賓語的關(guān)系確定選用過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞。如：With a good coach instructing us , we are sure to win the match.如果一個(gè)好教練指導(dǎo)我們，我們一定會贏得比賽的。(a good coach 與 instr

6、ucting 之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系 )With the noise(go on),he couldn t do his homework. 外面有吵雜聲他無法做作業(yè)。With the homework(finish), he was allowed to play football.2、作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語，現(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系。選用分詞時(shí)，一定要看分詞與其邏輯主語( 即句子的主語) 的關(guān)系，如果表示與句子謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生，即選用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式；如果分詞的動作先于謂語動作而發(fā)生，就用分詞的完成式?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，一般在句子中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原因

7、、方式或伴隨、結(jié)果等狀語。表示時(shí)間,she saw an ambulance driving up. 她轉(zhuǎn)過身，看見一輛 救護(hù)車開了過來。,he made up his mind to enter. 到了那，他決定進(jìn)去。表示原因,I couldn t get in touch with him. 由于不知道她的電話號碼，我無法與她取得聯(lián)系。, he hasn t gotmuch money left.由于失業(yè)時(shí)間長了，他沒剩下多少錢,we d better go to listen to him.既然已 經(jīng)請了他給我們做報(bào)告，我們最好還是去聽聽。表示伴隨或方式Helen was sitting

8、 by the window,. 海倫正坐在窗子旁，看一本小說。A crowd of children ran out of the classroom,. 一群小孩有說有笑的從教室跑了出去。表示結(jié)果His parents died,. 他父母死了，給他留下很多錢。At night, roads are brightly lit,.夜晚燈光把馬路照得很亮，使行人和車輛暢通無阻。注 ：現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語時(shí)，有時(shí)前面有一個(gè)名詞或代詞作它邏輯上的主語，使現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作不是由句子的主語來執(zhí)行，而是由該邏輯主語來執(zhí)行，這種帶邏輯主語的現(xiàn)在分詞稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Time permitting, we

9、ll visit the history no bus, we had to walk home. 沒有公共汽車了，我們只好 步行回家。We explored the caves, . 由 Peter 作向?qū)В覀兲讲炝诉@些洞穴。,the library was out. 由于今天是假日，圖書館關(guān)門 了。,the trees turned green. 春天來了，樹都綠了。3、作定語分詞短語作定語時(shí)，放在被修飾的名詞之后，其邏輯主語就是所修飾的名詞或代詞，表示邏輯主語發(fā)出的動作。單個(gè)分詞作定語時(shí)，放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之前?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示動作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語動詞所表示的動作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。

10、a sleeping child 等候著的觀眾a walking dictionary 自來水困惑不解的表情The man is Tom s father. 跟我們校長談話的那個(gè)人是Tom的父親。There were some children in the river. 有些小孩子在河里游泳。正在建的那座大樓 .是我們公的。4、作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，表示主主發(fā)出的動作。需注意amuse, bore, disappoint,discourage,excite, fascinate, freeze, frighten, horrify, inspire, interest, move, surp

11、rise, touch 等動詞常用其現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞形式作表語。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語所具有的特征，意思是“令人的”；過去分詞表示主語 的狀態(tài)，意思是“感到的”。It is very(encourage) to have so manypeople attending themeeting.What you have told me is very(surprise).The music sounds(excite).He said that in a (tremble) and (frighten)voice.語法隨堂練習(xí)（6）第一課件網(wǎng)一、選擇題( )1. in the queue for h

12、alf an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waitedC. Having waited D. To havewaited( )2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage the girl and took her away,into the woods.A. seizing ; disappearedB. seized ; disappearedC. seizing ; disappearingD. s

13、eized ; disappearing( )3. from other continents for millions of years, Australia hasmanyplants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated)4. the programme , they have to stay there for another twoweeks.A. No

14、t completingB. Not completedC. Not having completedD. Having not completed)5. He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocketof a passenger.A. put B. to be puttingC. to putD. putting( )6. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smokingC. to smoke D. smok

15、e( )7. He glanced over at her, that though she was tiny, she seemedvery well put together.A. notingB. notedC. to noteD. havingnoted ()8. ,the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.A. General speakingB. Speaking generalC. Generally speakingD. Speaking generally( )9. Daddy didn t mind what

16、 we were doing, as long as we were together,fun.A. hadB. haveC. to have D. having()10. The bell the end of the period rang, our heated discussion.A. indicating; interruptingB. indicated; interruptingC. indicating; interruptedD. indicated; interrupted()11. It is believed that if a book is it will sur

17、ely thereader.A. interested; interestB. interesting; beinterestedD. interesting;interested; be interesting interestD. interesting;( )12. There was a terrible noise the sudden burst of light.A. followedB. followingC. to be followed D.being followed( )13. This news sounds . A. encouraging B. encourage

18、dC. encourageD.to encourage( )14. The nest morning she found the man in bed , dead.A. lyingB. lieC. layD. laying( )15. If you wave you book in front of your face, you can feel the air against your face.A. movedB. movingC. movesD. tomove()16. European football is played in 80 countries, it the most p

19、opular sport in the world.A. making B. makesC. madeD. tomake ()17. a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not receivingB. Receiving notC. Not havingreceived D. Having not received()18.Can t you read? ” Mary said to the notice.A. angrily pointing B. and point angrilyC. angrily pointedand angrily point

20、ing)19. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks , that he hadC. addingenjoyed his stay here.C. addingA. having added B. to addD.added( )20. The railway in our country will change our life a lot.A. having been built B. being builtC. buildingD. to build( )21. There no buses, we

21、 had to walk home.A. beingB. wasC. havingD.had ()22. a letter, someone knocked at the door.A. While writing B. While I was writing C. Having writtenD. During writing( )23. The picture on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD.being hung ()24. Standing on top of the buildi

22、ng ,. A. the whole city could be seenB. nothing could beseenC. we could see the whole cityD. all could be seen( )25. The salesman scolded the girl caught and let her off.A. to have stolen B. to be stealingC. to stealD. stealing()26. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door“Sorry to miss you, will call later. ” A. readB. readsC. to readD. reading二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.(hear) the news, they got excited. The cup dropped to the ground,(break) into pieces.(suffer)such heavy pollution already, it may n