04184自考線性代數(shù)(經(jīng)管類)輔導講義

1、線性代數(shù)（經(jīng)管類） 復習資料由北京自考吧整理提供that construction site clean, consciously maintain sanitation. (4) ensure the safety of materials and semi-finished products. 8. quality assessment, data compilation: buried, belongs to the concealed works construction, therefore its quality inspection must be carried out acc

2、ording to acceptance of concealed work-related. Mainly in the following aspects: (1) acceptance of positioning is accurate. (2) is fixed securely. (3) tightening compliance requirements. (4) have an impact on other projects. (5) the material used is eligible. (6) complete information has been collec

3、ted. Documentation: should follow construction progress at any time finishing self acceptance, signature acceptance after the representatives of the party were invited. Requirements: (1) covert acceptance is thea the companys situation, familiar with the period schedule master plan, construction wit

4、h water, power supply, vertical transportation, gondola of external scaffolding or construction. (2) technical data preparation: first drawings to prepare the drawings to be fully familiar with, and does not have difficult places to ask out clearly understood, you also need to prepare acceptance of

5、the Atlas, the quality standards, safety index, all the forms used and the acceptance required for the works, and more. (3) tools, implements preparation: supply planning against the required tools, appliances, specific to the type, quantity, supply time, also plans to supply, warehouse, and other d

6、epartments, common tools and appliances. (4) materials: according to the drawings and engineering, detailed material supply meter . (2) preparations into people, and clear accountability to specific persons. (3) implementation of collaboration and cooperation with construction companies. 2.15 embedd

7、ed part installation (early works with civil engineering completed) 1. Note: buried is one of the curtain wall with main structure connecting structure, embedded quality directly affects the production, installation of curtain wall and the main structure of the connections. Its installation has a di

8、rect impact on the degree of precision of curtain wall construction accuracy and surface quality is good or bad. So the first job as a curtain wall installation, buried both for its manufacture and installation are directly affects the entire curtain wall construction, installation, and an important

9、 factor in the overall effect. 2. material specifications: the embedded parts. 3. basic operation: (1) familiar with the drawings: installation personnel after receivingtypeset by the owners consent before they can purchase and order under the program, each stone must use the same background, the sa

10、me pattern, size error in 0.5mm stone. Air infiltration properties, stone curtain wall wind pressure rainwater leakage in distortion performance, performance and energy-saving performance in front of the construction should be in accordance with the construction plan of the specification and the fil

11、e size in the appropriate authority inspection departments qualified testing. Stone used steel keel, installation job main including following steps: 2.1 construction Qian prepared 2.2 pre buried pieces processing 2.3 measurement and the measurement results figure draws 2.4 vertical box positioning

12、put line 2.5 turned received pieces installation 2.6 vertical box installation 2.7 vertical box correction and acceptance 2.8 layer high and the cross box measurement positioning and put line 2.9 cross box installation 2.10 installation 2.11 stone plate installation 2.12 sealed rubber injection 2.13

13、 clean ending 2.14 construction Qian prepared 1. Description Project Manager required for the duration of the project schedule, technical information, tools, machinery, apparatus, materials, personnel, temporary facilities ready. 2. the scope of previous construction (1) project outline: to understa

14、nd the site profiles, familiar with the construction and supervision of partythat construction site clean, consciously maintain sanitation. (4) ensure the safety of materials and semi-finished products. 8. quality assessment, data compilation: buried, belongs to the concealed works construction, the

15、refore its quality inspection must be carried out according to acceptance of concealed work-related. Mainly in the following aspects: (1) acceptance of positioning is accurate. (2) is fixed securely. (3) tightening compliance requirements. (4) have an impact on other projects. (5) the material used

16、is eligible. (6) complete information has been collected. Documentation: should follow construction progress at any time finishing self acceptance, signature acceptance after the representatives of the party were invited. Requirements: (1) covert acceptance is thea the companys situation, familiar w

17、ith the period schedule master plan, construction with water, power supply, vertical transportation, gondola of external scaffolding or construction. (2) technical data preparation: first drawings to prepare the drawings to be fully familiar with, and does not have difficult places to ask out clearl

18、y understood, you also need to prepare acceptance of the Atlas, the quality standards, safety index, all the forms used and the acceptance required for the works, and more. (3) tools, implements preparation: supply planning against the required tools, appliances, specific to the type, quantity, supp

19、ly time, also plans to supply, warehouse, and other departments, common tools and appliances. (4) materials: according to the drawings and engineering, detailed material supply meter . (2) preparations into people, and clear accountability to specific persons. (3) implementation of collaboration and

20、 cooperation with construction companies. 2.15 embedded part installation (early works with civil engineering completed) 1. Note: buried is one of the curtain wall with main structure connecting structure, embedded quality directly affects the production, installation of curtain wall and the main st

21、ructure of the connections. Its installation has a direct impact on the degree of precision of curtain wall construction accuracy and surface quality is good or bad. So the first job as a curtain wall installation, buried both for its manufacture and installation are directly affects the entire curt

22、ain wall construction, installation, and an important factor in the overall effect. 2. material specifications: the embedded parts. 3. basic operation: (1) familiar with the drawings: installation personnel after receivingtypeset by the owners consent before they can purchase and order under the pro

23、gram, each stone must use the same background, the same pattern, size error in 0.5mm stone. Air infiltration properties, stone curtain wall wind pressure rainwater leakage in distortion performance, performance and energy-saving performance in front of the construction should be in accordance with t

24、he construction plan of the specification and the file size in the appropriate authority inspection departments qualified testing. Stone used steel keel, installation job main including following steps: 2.1 construction Qian prepared 2.2 pre buried pieces processing 2.3 measurement and the measureme

25、nt results figure draws 2.4 vertical box positioning put line 2.5 turned received pieces installation 2.6 vertical box installation 2.7 vertical box correction and acceptance 2.8 layer high and the cross box measurement positioning and put line 2.9 cross box installation 2.10 installation 2.11 stone

26、 plate installation 2.12 sealed rubber injection 2.13 clean ending 2.14 construction Qian prepared 1. Description Project Manager required for the duration of the project schedule, technical information, tools, machinery, apparatus, materials, personnel, temporary facilities ready. 2. the scope of p

27、revious construction (1) project outline: to understand the site profiles, familiar with the construction and supervision of party that construction site clean, consciously maintain sanitation. (4) ensure the safety of materials and semi-finished products. 8. quality assessment, data compilation: bu

28、ried, belongs to the concealed works construction, therefore its quality inspection must be carried out according to acceptance of concealed work-related. Mainly in the following aspects: (1) acceptance of positioning is accurate. (2) is fixed securely. (3) tightening compliance requirements. (4) ha

29、ve an impact on other projects. (5) the material used is eligible. (6) complete information has been collected. Documentation: should follow construction progress at any time finishing self acceptance, signature acceptance after the representatives of the party were invited. Requirements: (1) covert

30、 acceptance is thea the companys situation, familiar with the period schedule master plan, construction with water, power supply, vertical transportation, gondola of external scaffolding or construction. (2) technical data preparation: first drawings to prepare the drawings to be fully familiar with

31、, and does not have difficult places to ask out clearly understood, you also need to prepare acceptance of the Atlas, the quality standards, safety index, all the forms used and the acceptance required for the works, and more. (3) tools, implements preparation: supply planning against the required t

32、ools, appliances, specific to the type, quantity, supply time, also plans to supply, warehouse, and other departments, common tools and appliances. (4) materials: according to the drawings and engineering, detailed material supply meter . (2) preparations into people, and clear accountability to spe

33、cific persons. (3) implementation of collaboration and cooperation with construction companies. 2.15 embedded part installation (early works with civil engineering completed) 1. Note: buried is one of the curtain wall with main structure connecting structure, embedded quality directly affects the pr

34、oduction, installation of curtain wall and the main structure of the connections. Its installation has a direct impact on the degree of precision of curtain wall construction accuracy and surface quality is good or bad. So the first job as a curtain wall installation, buried both for its manufacture

35、 and installation are directly affects the entire curtain wall construction, installation, and an important factor in the overall effect. 2. material specifications: the embedded parts. 3. basic operation: (1) familiar with the drawings: installation personnel after receivingtypeset by the owners co

36、nsent before they can purchase and order under the program, each stone must use the same background, the same pattern, size error in 0.5mm stone. Air infiltration properties, stone curtain wall wind pressure rainwater leakage in distortion performance, performance and energy-saving performance in fr

37、ont of the construction should be in accordance with the construction plan of the specification and the file size in the appropriate authority inspection departments qualified testing. Stone used steel keel, installation job main including following steps: 2.1 construction Qian prepared 2.2 pre buri

38、ed pieces processing 2.3 measurement and the measurement results figure draws 2.4 vertical box positioning put line 2.5 turned received pieces installation 2.6 vertical box installation 2.7 vertical box correction and acceptance 2.8 layer high and the cross box measurement positioning and put line 2

39、.9 cross box installation 2.10 installation 2.11 stone plate installation 2.12 sealed rubber injection 2.13 clean ending 2.14 construction Qian prepared 1. Description Project Manager required for the duration of the project schedule, technical information, tools, machinery, apparatus, materials, pe

40、rsonnel, temporary facilities ready. 2. the scope of previous construction (1) project outline: to understand the site profiles, familiar with the construction and supervision of party第一部分行列式本章概述 行列式在線性代數(shù)的考試中占很大的比例。從考試大綱來看。雖然只占13%左右。但在其他章。的試題中都有必須用到行列式計算的內(nèi)容。故這部分試題在試卷中所占比例遠大于13%。大綱中規(guī)定的比例07.4全國統(tǒng)考試題07.

41、7全國統(tǒng)考試題07.10全國統(tǒng)考試題直接考行列式這一章的13%左右11%11%15%再加上其余各章中必須應用行列式計算的34%29%21%1.1行列式的定義1.1.1二階行列式與三階行列式的定義一、二元一次方程組和二階行列式例1.求二元一次方程組的解。【答疑編號12010101】解：應用消元法得當時。得同理得定義 稱為二階行列式。稱為二階行列式的值。記為。于是 由此可知。若。則二元一次方程組的解可表示為：例2【答疑編號12010102】二階行列式的結(jié)果是一個數(shù)。我們稱它為該二階行列式的值。二、三元一次方程組和三階行列式考慮三元一次方程組希望適當選擇。使得當后將消去。得一元一次方程若，能解出其中

42、要滿足為解出。在（6），（7）的兩邊都除以得這是以為未知數(shù)的二元一次方程組。 定義1.1.1 在三階行列式中，稱于是原方程組的解為;類似地得 這就將二元一次方程組解的公式推廣到了三元一次方程組。例3 計算【答疑編號12010103】例4 （1）【答疑編號12010104】（2）【答疑編號12010105】例5 當x取何值時，？【答疑編號12010106】為將此結(jié)果推廣到n元一次方程組。需先將二階、三階行列式推廣到n階行列式。1.1.2階行列式的定義定義1.1.2 當n時，一階行列式就是一個數(shù)。當時，稱為n階行列式。定義（其所在的位置可記為的余子式的代數(shù)余子式。定義 為該n階行列式的值。即。容易

43、看出，第j列元素的余子式和代數(shù)余子式都與第j列元素無關(guān)；類似地，第i行元素的余子式和代數(shù)余子式都與第i行元素無關(guān)。n階行列式為一個數(shù)。例6 求出行列式第三列各元素的代數(shù)余子式?！敬鹨删幪?2010107】例7 （上三角行列式）【答疑編號12010108】1.2行列式按行（列）展開定理1.2.1（行列式按行（列）展開定理）例1 下三角行列式主對角線元素的乘積?！敬鹨删幪?2010201】例2 計算行列式【答疑編號12010202】例3 求n階行列式【答疑編號12010203】小結(jié) 1.行列式中元素的余子式和代數(shù)余子式的定義。2.二階行列式的定義。3.階行列式的定義。即。4.行列式按行（列）展開的

44、定理和應用這個定理將行列式降階的方法。作業(yè)p8 習題1.1 1（1）（2）（3）（5）（6），3作業(yè) p11習題1.2 1，2，3（1），（2），41.3行列式的性質(zhì)及計算1.3.1行列式的性質(zhì)給定行列式將它的行列互換所得的新行列式稱為D的轉(zhuǎn)置行列式，記為或。性質(zhì)1 轉(zhuǎn)置的行列式與原行列式相等。即性質(zhì)2 用數(shù)k乘行列式D的某一行（列）的每個元素所得的新行列式等于kD。推論1 若行列式中某一行（列）的元素有公因數(shù)，則可將公因數(shù)提到行列式之外。推論2 若行列式中某一行（列）的元素全為零，則行列式的值為0。性質(zhì)3 行列式的兩行（列）互換，行列式的值改變符號。以二階為例設推論3 若行列式某兩行（列），完全相同，則行列式的值為零。證 設中，第i行與第j行元素完全相同，則所以，D=0。性質(zhì)4 若行列式某兩行（列）的對應元素成比例，則行列式的值為零。性質(zhì)5 若行列式中某一行（列）元素可分解為兩個元素的和，則行列式可分解為兩個行列式的和，即只要看注意 性質(zhì)中是指某一行（列）而不是每一行?？梢娦再|(zhì)