初中英語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、2014-2015初中英語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（有答案）形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)指的是：當(dāng)不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))或從句在某個(gè)句子中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)前后平衡，避免頭重腳輕，因此常用it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)置于句首或句中動(dòng)詞之后，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句尾。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。主要有:一、it作形式主語(yǔ)It作形式主語(yǔ)的常見句型：It+be+形容詞+todosth./doing/that.e.g.Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.(學(xué)一門外語(yǔ)非常重要。)Itisuselesscryingoverthespiltmil

2、k.(覆水難收。)Itwasreallysurprisingthatshemarriedamanlikethat.(她嫁給那樣的男士真讓人驚訝。)It+be+名詞詞組+doing/that.e.g.Itisnogoodtellinglies.(撒謊沒好處。)Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilmyesterday.(你昨天沒看成那部電影真遺憾。)ItisatruththattherewouldbenonewChinawithouttheCommunistParty.(沒有共產(chǎn)黨就沒有新中國(guó)，這是毋庸質(zhì)疑的。)It+be+過去分詞+that.該句型常見動(dòng)詞有：sa

3、y,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,etc.e.g.Itissaidthattheyhaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.(據(jù)說他們發(fā)明了一種新型電腦。)ItisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.(大家都相信中國(guó)將會(huì)步入世界強(qiáng)國(guó)之列。)Itwasreportedthatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.(據(jù)報(bào)道，至少有十七萬人在20XX年那場(chǎng)海嘯中

4、喪生。)It+seems/appears/happens等不及物動(dòng)詞+that.(e.g.Itseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.(似乎他非常喜歡流行歌曲。)ItappearsthatTommightchangehismind.看來湯姆可能會(huì)改變主意。)若句子是疑問形式，就只能用it作形式主語(yǔ)。e.g.Doesitmattermuchthattheywontcometomorrow?(他們明天不來很重要嗎？)Isittruethathewillgoabroadnextweek?(他下周出國(guó)是真的嗎？)It+takes+(sb.)+sometime+todosth

5、.這是一個(gè)表示“(某人)花多少時(shí)間干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，代替后面的不定式(todosth.)，句型中的sb.也可以省略。e.g.Ittookmesometimetoreadthereadingmaterials(我花了一些時(shí)間才讀完那段閱讀材料。)IttookhimfourteenhourstogotoNewZealandfromShanghaibyplane.(從上海乘飛機(jī)去新西蘭花了他14小時(shí)。)HowlongdoesittakeyoutogotoBeijingfromQingdaobytrain?(從青島坐火車到北京一般要花多久時(shí)間？)Iamnotsure,butIthin

6、kittakesatleastninehourstogetthere.(我不能肯定，但估計(jì)至少要九個(gè)鐘頭才能到那兒。)二.it作形式賓語(yǔ)在句中,通常會(huì)在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)前使用形式賓語(yǔ)it，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)移至句末，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+不定式(動(dòng)名詞或從句)”：Ifinditdifficulttodothejobwell.我發(fā)現(xiàn)做好這件事不容易。Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我認(rèn)為你最好住這兒。Wethinkitnousecomplaining.我們認(rèn)為抱怨是沒有用的。通常意義的形式賓語(yǔ)其真正賓語(yǔ)為不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等且其后跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)的情形

7、，即用于“動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+真正的賓語(yǔ)”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，但以下幾類形式賓語(yǔ)卻比較特殊，其后沒有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。當(dāng)不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))或從句在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)(如think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose等)；e.g.TheyfounditpleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)與我們中國(guó)人一起工作很愉快。)IdontfeelitdifficulttounderstandtheSpecialEnglish.(我覺得理解英語(yǔ)特別節(jié)目并不難。)(Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmo

8、ney.他立志決不向別人借錢。)Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.(我認(rèn)為沒必要跟他們談。)某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動(dòng)詞，如like,enjoy,love,hate等，往往不能直接接賓語(yǔ)從句；e.g.Idontlikeitthathessolazy.(我不喜歡他那么懶惰。)Ihateitwhenmymotherasksmetoeateggs.(我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句不能直接作介詞的賓語(yǔ)；e.g.Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.(盡管放心，我們會(huì)隨時(shí)幫你的。)(Wouldyous

9、eetoitthatshegetshomeearly?你負(fù)責(zé)保證她早到家，好嗎？)Heinsistedonitthathewasinnocent.(他堅(jiān)持說自己是無辜的。)由及物動(dòng)詞與介詞組成的固定搭配中，賓語(yǔ)從句若作該動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，須借用it。e.g.Ileaveittoyourownjudgmentwhetheryoushoulddoit.(我讓你自己判斷這事是否該做。)Weoweittoyouthattherewasntaseriousaccident.(多虧了你才沒有發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事故。)三.形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1.Itseasier_than_.A.say;doB.tosay;tod

10、oC.says;doesD.saying;doing2.Ittakesme30minutes_toschoolbybikeeveryday.A.goingB.togoC.goesD.go3.Itsnoteasy_us_aforeignlanguage.A.for;learningB.of;learningC.of;tolearnD.for;tolearn4.Childrenfind_interestingtoplaycomputergames.A.thatB.whichC.itD.its5.Doyouthinkitimportant_computerwell?A.playB.playsC.to

11、playD.playing6.Is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.Idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it8.Does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it9.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder;but_didnthelp.A.heB

12、.whichC.sheD.it10._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It11.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them12.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one13._happened_heisunfitfortheoffice.A.This;thatB.That;thatC.It

13、;thatD.He;that14.Wetook_forgrantedthattheywouldacceptouradvice.A.thatB.thisC.itD.them15._thatthescientistwillgiveusatalknextmonth?A.IstrueB.IsittrueC.ItstrueD.Itstruly16._doesntmattermuch_dressyouaregoingtowear.A.This;thatB.That;whoC.It;whichD.It;who17._isgoingtoAmericaforfurtherstudy.A.Heissaidthat

14、B.PeoplesaidthatC.ItwassaidheD.Itissaidthathehe18.Theyaregoodfriends._isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.A.ThisB.ThatC.ThereD.It19.Is_possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.thisB.thereC.thatD.it20.Sheliked_whenhekissedher.A.himB.thatC.oneD.it21._willdoyougoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorningA.ItB.ThereC

15、.ThoseD.One22.Wethink_ourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it23.Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you24.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-_hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing25.Ourmonitorsuggested_adiscussionofthissubject.A.tohaveB.shouldhaveC.haveD.having26.Itsverykind_you_me.A.for;helpingB.of;helpC.for;tohelpD.of;tohelp27-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook？-Oh;excellentItsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread28.Itsnouseforwardtofromhersoon.A.tolook;tohearB.lo