2021屆高考英語二輪創(chuàng)新復(fù)習(xí)專題一第二節(jié)推理判斷題學(xué)案含解析

1、2021屆高考英語二輪創(chuàng)新復(fù)習(xí)專題一第二節(jié)推理判斷題學(xué)案含解析2021屆高考英語二輪創(chuàng)新復(fù)習(xí)專題一第二節(jié)推理判斷題學(xué)案含解析PAGE 2021屆高考英語二輪創(chuàng)新復(fù)習(xí)專題一第二節(jié)推理判斷題學(xué)案含解析第二節(jié)推理判斷題常見設(shè)問形式1細節(jié)推理判斷題細節(jié)推理判斷題要求考生根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容,推斷具體細節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等.一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息,或者借助生活常識進行推理判斷。呈現(xiàn)形式有：It can be inferred from the text that _It can be concluded from the passage that_The writer/author i

2、ndicates/suggests/implies that _2觀點、態(tài)度推理判斷題該類型的命題常常以下列形式呈現(xiàn)：The attitude of the author towards somebody/something is_ The authors attitude towards。.can be best described as_The tone of this passage is best described as_3寫作意圖推理判斷題該類型的命題常常以下列形式呈現(xiàn)：The main purpose of this text is_Whats the authors purpo

3、se in writing this article?It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for _The author writes this passage to_The author in this passage intends to_4文章出處推理判斷題該類型的命題常常以下列形式呈現(xiàn)：This passage most likely comes from_In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text？Where does the

4、 text most probably come from？From which is the text probably taken?正確選項特征推理判斷題中的正確選項是依據(jù)文章的事實或論據(jù)推斷出的符合邏輯的結(jié)論或觀點，正確選項一般具有以下特征:1“立足原文，只推一步”，即根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容，一步即可推得。2選項中一般不可以出現(xiàn)絕對概念，如only，never，all,absolutely等;正確答案的表述一般有一點模糊，會用一些相對能夠留下一些余地的詞匯，如often，usually,sometimes，some,may，might,can，could，possibly,probably等。干擾

5、選項特征1主觀臆斷：沒有基于原文進行推斷，而是根據(jù)常識推斷。2過度推斷:有時作者只是客觀地敘述事實，并未做評論，而一些選項卻主觀地進行推斷。如提到一樣?xùn)|西貴,并不意味著就買不起.3錯誤推斷：某些細節(jié)看似在原文中出現(xiàn)過，但與原文不符，或斷章取義，或因果倒置等.4細節(jié)代替推斷：只是原文簡單的敘述,而非推斷出來的結(jié)論。 授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第7頁題型1邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)得推論(2020高考全國卷C片段)Then theres Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions.Model Paige Morgan says，“To give people a guilt.free

6、option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing，at least here in New York. Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.Shes trying to come u

7、p with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco。friendly.31What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?AIts formal.BIts risky.CIts harmful。 DIts traditional.思維可視化技巧點撥1抓住特定信息進行逆向或正向推理：要善于抓住某一段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，即某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語去分析、推理、判斷,利用逆向思維或正面推理。2整合全文（段)信息進行推斷：有時需要在弄懂全文（段）意思的基礎(chǔ)

8、上，整合與題目相關(guān)的有用信息，綜合起來去推理判斷，確定最佳結(jié)論。3以事實為依據(jù)：推斷一定要以文章所提供的事實為依據(jù),不能憑空想象。題型2文體特點看意圖(2019高考全國卷B片段）Whaley got the idea of this secondgrade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president。The answer broke his heart.Whaley say

9、s the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public。He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves。26We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to_Ahelp students see their own strengthsBassess students public speaking skillsCprepare students for their futur

10、e jobsDinspire students love for politics思維可視化技巧點撥to entertain readers常見于故事類的文章；to persuade readers常見于廣告類的文章；to inform readers多見于科普類、新聞報道類、文化類或社會類的文章。從文體的寫作特點來看：記敘文：一般會在首段或尾段出現(xiàn)高度概括的總結(jié)性的語言，且往往有一定的哲理性,所有的敘述都是圍繞該哲理展開。廣告類應(yīng)用文:文章中有對某種物品或服務(wù)的詳盡介紹,使用具有明顯支持傾向的語言。說明文：寫作目的有賴于對文章主旨的把握，閱讀時需要找準主題句。議論文：提出論點進行論證得出結(jié)論

11、，作者的意圖往往隱含于最后一部分中。題型3忠于措辭判態(tài)度（2020高考全國卷C片段）And what does Nick think?“From my standpoint，it all seems to work very well。Would I recommend it？Yes，I think I would?！?9What is Nicks attitude towards sharing the house with his mother。in。law?APositive. BCarefree。CTolerant。 DUnwilling。思維可視化技巧點撥1注意作者或文中人物的措辭：

12、文章作者或文中人物對某事物所持的觀點或態(tài)度往往隱含在文章的字里行間或流露于修飾詞之中。（1）正確掌握字里行間所隱含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的觀點來代替作者或文中人物的觀點。(2）要善于捕捉描寫環(huán)境氣氛，表達感情、觀點態(tài)度和心理的詞句來推斷作者的觀點態(tài)度。(3)結(jié)合平時所積累的有關(guān)英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等的背景知識來進行合理的推斷。2牢記常見有關(guān)作者情感態(tài)度的詞語:（1）表示支持或肯定：positive積極肯定的；supportive支持的；optimistic樂觀的；humorous幽默的;enthusiastic熱情的;pleasant愉快的。(2)表示中立:indifferent不

13、感興趣的，漠不關(guān)心的；uninterested不感興趣的；objective客觀的;neutral中立的；not mentioned未提及的。(3）表示反對或否定：disgusted憎惡的,厭惡的；critical批評的；negative否定的,消極的；suspicious/skeptical懷疑的;disappointed失望的；disapproving不贊成的。題型4語言特色定出處（2019高考全國卷C片段)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing for biometric（

14、生物測量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e。spaces。At present，these technologies are still expensive，though。Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low。cost device(裝置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard。This smart keyboard precisely meas

15、ures the cadence（節(jié)奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key。It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with。.In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboar

16、d。.。The team hopes to make it to market in the near future。31Where is this text most likely from?AA diary。BA guidebook。CA novel. DA magazine。思維可視化技巧點撥1知曉特定媒介的描寫手法，如:日記往往涉及作者本人，往往涉及第一人稱；旅游指南以介紹地方特色為主；小說具有迂回曲折的故事情節(jié)。2關(guān)注專用詞匯:要對報紙、雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、小說、童話、廣告、說明書、旅游指南、藥品說明、操作指南等專用詞匯有基本的了解，根據(jù)專用詞匯對號入座,快速選出最佳答案。授課提示:對應(yīng)學(xué)生

17、用書第9頁A(2020邯鄲二模) Now，according to a recent Brigham Young University study，the amount of time between sunrise and sunset is the clear winner among other weather variables when it comes to improving your mental and emotional health.In this unique study-which brought together a psychologist，physicist a

18、nd statisticianthe researchers explored how someones mood is linked to weather and associated factors such as sunshine，cloudy days，temperature，rain and pollution。The study found that people are more likely to report mental trouble during shorter days with less sunshine。It is generally believed that

19、hot days，rainy days or days with thick pollution would make one feel more down and depressed。But the study came up with a surprising finding.It found that more than any other factor，reduced sun hours could increase mental distress(痛苦)while soaking up in sun makes things all right.The results highlig

20、hted that the duration(時長）of the daylight was more significant in influencing peoples moods than the amount of sun rays being absorbed.“On a rainy day，or a more polluted day,people assume that theyd have more distress。But we didnt see that。We looked at solar irradiance(太陽輻照度），or the amount of sunlig

21、ht that actually hits the ground。We tried to take into account cloudy days，rainy days，pollution。.but they washed out.The one thing that was really significant was the amount of time between sunrise and sunset，” said professor Becker in a press release.Many studies have attempted to explore the link

22、between the weather and its effect on ones mood,but the results were not conclusive.For this study，many important reasons were taken into accountmaking the research an improvement to the previous ones。The study concluded that public health should plan on effective strategies that can prevent emotion

23、al distress during periods when the sun time is less,such as in winter months.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文,最新研究表明，日出日落之間的時間長短比各種天氣以及人們接收的日照量更能影響人們的情緒。1What will affect your emotion most according to the new study?AThe surroundings.BThe amount of sunshine。CThe weather conditions。DThe duration of sunlight.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第

24、二段中“The study found that people are more likely to report mental trouble during shorter days with less sunshine.”以及第四段內(nèi)容可知,這個新研究發(fā)現(xiàn):日照的時間長短是影響人們心情的主要因素。答案：D2Why does the author think that the new finding in Paragraph 3 is surprising？ABecause it is a conclusion of three scientists。BBecause it is diffe

25、rent from the general belief.CBecause it is too difficult to understand.DBecause it is affected by so many factors。解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段描述，普遍觀念認為,炎熱天氣，陰雨天氣,或污染天氣使人情緒低沉,感到沮喪,而新發(fā)現(xiàn)令人驚奇，是因為它發(fā)現(xiàn):相對于其他因素而言，日照時間越短越會令人精神苦悶。答案:B3Which season benefits peoples emotion more according to this study？ASpring。BSummer.CAutu

26、mn。 DWinter.解析：推理判斷題。這項研究表明：影響人們精神和情緒的主要是日照時間的長短。根據(jù)文中最后一句“.that can prevent emotional distress during periods when the sun time is less，such as in winter months?！币部膳袛喑?夏季對人們的精神和情緒最有好處了。答案:B4What is the purpose of this new study？ATo find ways to prevent depression.BTo know more about the weather.CTo

27、provide strategies for public health。DTo find how the weather affects mood.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，許多研究都想探索天氣與情緒之間的關(guān)系，這個新研究考慮了許多重要因素，使得它在以往的基礎(chǔ)上有所改進。所以，這個新研究的目的仍然是探索天氣對情緒的影響。答案：DB(2020衡水四調(diào))Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun，according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday

28、.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers，some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives，and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the reports key findings，“the proportion(比例）who say they hardly ever read f

29、or fun has gone from 8 percent of 13year。olds and 9 percent of 17。year。olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today?！盩he report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children，ages 28，remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declin

30、ed，from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading，the report does little to counsel(建議)parents looking for data about the effect of ereaders and tablets on reading。It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading，mainly d

31、ue to concerns about increased screen time。The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently，compared to infrequent readers，have more books

32、in the home,more books purchased for them，parents who read more often，and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches，and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近）ahead，parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family tri

33、p to the library or bookstore.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。據(jù)周一公布的Common Sense Media 的一份報告顯示，青少年和年幼的孩子們讀書的樂趣大大減少。5What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?AChildrens reading habits.BQuality of childrens books。CChildrens afterclass activities。DParent。child relationships。解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)整篇文章，我們可以看出這篇報道講述了孩子們閱讀的樂趣,孩子們閱讀的時間，孩子們的閱讀方式和父母對孩子閱讀的影響.答案：A6Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for