2012年最新出版自考英語(二)講義 Unit 9 Facing Life27s Challenges

1、 2013年自考“英語（二）”備考資料（新版教材unit9）Unit9FacingLifesChailengesNewwordsandexpressionsNewwordshurdien.hurdiespl.跨欄賽；欄架，跨欄；難關(guān)，障礙negativen.否定詞；否定；拒絕adj.壞的；有害的despairv.絕望；失去希望；喪失信心pettyadj.小的：瑣碎的；次要的individualadj.一個(gè)人的；供一個(gè)人用的ianen.（比賽的）跑道，泳道spotn.地點(diǎn)；場(chǎng)所；處所symbolizev.象征；是的象征；代表symbol-ize常用的動(dòng)詞后綴:modernize,globaliz

2、e,economizeincrediblyadv.極端地；極其credible可靠的，可信的credibly變副詞時(shí)需省略-e的形容詞有simple,true,credible,believablesimply,truly,（in）credibly,（un）believablypositiveadj.良好的；正面的toughadj.艱苦的；艱難的；棘手的arisev.發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)arisefromsth.區(qū)分：arouse/arisearouseonesanger/respect/sympathylostadj.不知所措的；一籌莫展的leapv.跳躍yardn.碼inchn.英寸cinch

3、n.很容易的事；小萊PhrasesandExpressionslineup排成一行；站隊(duì)；排隊(duì)（等侯）endup最終成為；最后處于endup（in）doingsth.endupbegging/beingarrestedendupasabeggar/prisoner/millionaireendupinprison/debtskeepupwith（與）齊步前進(jìn)；并駕齊驅(qū)；跟上paceoneself調(diào)整自己的工作(或活動(dòng))節(jié)奏fitin(與)合得來；適應(yīng)getover解決；克服；控制wearout使疲乏；使筋疲力盡；使厭煩withease輕而易舉地makeit獲得成功fallover被絆倒；幾乎被

4、絆倒getlost不知所措；一籌莫展lookbackon回首(往事)；回憶；回顧inchbyinch緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地；一步一步atatime每次；逐一；依次TextLearning300HurdlesTOC o 1-5 h zLifemaygiveyouanegative,butdontdespair-itmayjustdevelopintoabeautifulpictureoneday.Thisyear,IrealizedmytheorythatIhaveonlife.Lifeislikea300mhurdlerace.SinceIrunthe300mhurdles,Iwouldknowwhat

5、theraceislike.Thefirstthingtoanyraceisworryingaboutwhetheryouaregoingtowinornot.Thisrelatestoworryingaboutthepettythingsinlife.Doesitreallymatterifyouwin?Isitreallygoingtobetheendoftheworld?Orwillyoubeupsetifyouloseandthenforgetaboutit?(1)Inlifeweworrytoomuchandliveinthemomenttoolittle.(承上總結(jié)句)(2)Nex

6、tistheliningupinourownindividuallanes.Weeachstartatdifferentspots,buttheraceisstillthesamedistanceforeveryone.(承上啟下句)(3)Thisrelatestoourlivestakingustodifferentplacesandputtingusindifferentsituations,buthopefullywewillendupinthesameplace,butmaybeatdifferenttimes.Nowcomesthebeginningoftherace.Wealltr

7、ytokeepupwitheveryoneandpaceourselveswithotherpeople.(4)Thissymbolizesthatattimesineveryoneslivesweworry,aboutfittinginorbeingthesameasotherpeople,insteadofworryingaboutbeingunique.Ifeveryonewerethesame,theworldwouldbeincrediblyboring.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：Inlifeweworrytoomuchandliveinthemomenttoolittle.生活中，我們擔(dān)心

8、得太多，而活在當(dāng)下太少。Nextistheliningupinourownindividuallanes.接下來的一步就是在我們自己的跑道站好，也就是各就各位。Thisrelatestoourlivestakingustodifferentplacesandputtingusindifferentsituations,buthopefullywewillendupinthesameplace,butmaybeatdifferenttimes.relateto涉及，有關(guān)takingustodifferentplaces和puttingusindifferentsituations的邏輯主語都是o

9、urlives，作relateto的賓語。(3)endupinthesameplace在同一個(gè)地方結(jié)束，即有同樣的結(jié)局endupinprison/indebtsendupbeggingendupasabeggar/prisonerThissymbolizesthatattimesineveryoneslivesweworry,aboutfittinginorbeingthesameasotherpeople,insteadofworryingaboutbeingunique.attimes:sometimesfitin:合得來，適應(yīng)insteadof:ratherthanNowcomesthe

10、firsthurdle.Thishurdleistheeasiesttogetoverbecauseyouarenotwornoutfromrunning.Weallmakeitoverthishurdlewithease.Thissymbolizesthoseobstaclesin丨ifethatwestruggletogetover,butwealwaysmanagetodoso.Youcanlookatthathurdleintwoways:Icantmakeitover,ImtootiredorIamonemorehurdleclosertofinishingthisrace.This

11、isanexampleoftakinganegativesituationandseeingsomethingpositiveinit.(承上句)Thenextpartoftheraceiseveryhurdlebetweenthefirstandlastone.(主題句)Thesehurdlesgettougherandtougherandyoumayfeelasthoughyoucantgoon.Thishappensalotinlifetoo.(承上啟下句)Theremaybeasituationthatariseswhereyoufeelasthoughyoucantmakeitand

12、allyoucanthinkaboutisgivingup.Youmayfalloverthathurdleorstrugglegettingoverit,butsomehowyoufinditinyourselftojumpoveritandmoveonwiththerace.Nextisthatlast100moftherace.Youfeelasthoughyoujustwanttosay,NoIcantdothis.(5)Again,youmustfinditinyourselfthatyoucandoit,andyoumustfinishtheracestrongerthanwhen

13、youhadstartedit.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：Again,youmustfinditinyourselfthatyoucandoit,andyoumustfinishtheracestrongerthanwhenyouhadstartedit.finditinyourselfthatyoucandoit，it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是that從句。youmustfinishtheracestrongerthan.，stronger是主語的補(bǔ)語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。例如：Hediedyoung/poor.名詞也可以作主語的補(bǔ)語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。例如：Hediedabeggar.Shecamefro

14、mhermarriageastrongerperson.Nowlastlyisthelasthurdle.Thishurdleisthetoughestoutofallofthem.(6)Inlifewefindourselvesfallingandfalling,andmaybegettingtoolostinourproblemsthatwefeellikewehavebeenthroughenoughandtheresnohope.Thatlasthurdlesymbolizesthesesituations.(承上句)Itsonestepclosetotheendoftherace.O

15、nceyoufinish,youlookbackonitandyourealizethatyoumadeitnotbyleaping,butstepbystep.(7)Yardbyyard,lifeisveryhard.Butinchbyinch,lifecanbeacinch.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：Inlifewefindourselvesfallingandfalling,andmaybegettingtoolostinourproblemsthatwefeellikewehavebeenthroughenoughandtheresnohope.生活中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不斷跌倒，為種種問題所困擾，

16、感覺自己歷經(jīng)重重磨難，仍然看不到希望。(1)findoneselffallingandfalling，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。(可參考Unit7,TextA)再如：Whenhecameto,hefoundhimselflyinginhospital.Hefoundhimselfsurroundedbyseveralboys.bethrough經(jīng)過，歷經(jīng)；完成，結(jié)束(可參考Unit5,TextB)Yardbyyard,lifeisveryhard.Butinchbyinch,lifecanbeacineh.一碼一碼地，生活很困難。但是一英寸一英寸地來，生活只是小菜一碟。即生活中我們要一步一個(gè)腳印，循序漸

17、進(jìn)。(注：1yard=0.9144meter,1inch=2.54centimeters)(8)Allittakesisonestepatatime,onehurdleatatime.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：Allittakesisonestepatatime,onehurdleatatime.all=allthat=whatatatime:separately一次，依次，每次Takethepillstwoatatime.區(qū)分：atonetime:formerly一度，從前AtonetimeIusedtogoskiingeverywinter.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識(shí)點(diǎn)測(cè)評(píng)的成績(jī)！【單選題】1

18、9.Shenzhenwasasmallvillage.AatimeBonetimeCatatimeDatonetime【答案】D【解析】本題考查atonetime和atatime的區(qū)別。atonetime意為曾經(jīng)，一度，atatime意為一次，每次，故選D。本句的意思是深圳曾經(jīng)是個(gè)小漁村?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】atonetime和atatime的區(qū)別III.部分練習(xí)講解P256BridgingtheGapDirections:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromth

19、elistgiven.解題方法：把動(dòng)詞markevenifconfusedknowncalledupon把詞分類名詞markpotential形容詞confusedlikelypotentialnatural副詞介詞連詞intentionallyasopposedtoGiftsarethosetalentsandabilitiesthatflowalmosteffortlesslyfromus.Giftsaresometimes1confusedwithskills.Whileskillscanbedeveloped,giftsaresomethingwearebornwith-theyare

20、whatwediscoveraswetrynewthingsandfindthatsomethingsareas2naturaltousasbreathing.Whenwe3intentionallymakeadecisiontocreateourlifeandworkbasedonourgifts,werenotonlymore4likelytosucceed,butcanalsomorethoroughlyenjoythejourneytowardcreatingandrealizingourfull5potential.Takeinventoryof（評(píng)估）yourlifetodeter

21、minewhereyouareutilizinglearnedanddevelopedskills6asopposedtoexpressingandhonoringyourinnate（與生俱來的）gifts.Areyouoperatingbasedonwhatyouthinkyououghttobedoingorareyoulivinganauthenticlifethatisrichandfulfilling?Evenifyouarenotinaplacetopursueanewcareerbasedonyourgifts,lookforwaystomakeyourgifts8knownt

22、oothersanddemonstratetheminasmanyareasofyourlifeaspossible.Themoreyourgiftsare9calledupon,themorenaturallyyouwillfullyacceptandpromotethosegifts.Themoreyouexpressyourlifethroughyourinnategifts,themoreyouwillexcel.Itsabeautifullyself-perpetuating（能使自身永久存在的）processonceyoumakethedecisiontobegin.Yourgif

23、tsareyoursignature,youruniquepaintbrushes-usethemtoexpressyourgreatnessandmakeyourgreatnessandmakeyour10markontheworld!NewwordsandexpressionsNewwordsstrickenadj.受煎熬的；患病的；遭受挫折的panic/grief/conscience/poverty-strickenpolion.小兒麻痹癥bracen.雙腳規(guī)形夾aidn.（某工作所需的）幫助，助手，輔助物crutchn.腿腳受傷病人用的）腋杖awesomeadj.令人驚嘆的；令人畏懼

24、的majesticallyadv.威嚴(yán)地；壯麗地undov.打開；解開；拆開unfold展開，打開uncover發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭示，揭開（蓋子）unload卸貨unearthclaspn.（包、皮帶或首飾等的）搭扣，扣環(huán)tuckv.把塞進(jìn)狹窄的空間；把藏入chinn.下巴conductorn.樂隊(duì)指揮conductproceedv.接著做；繼而做ritualn.程序；儀規(guī)；禮節(jié)reverentlyadv.恭敬地；虔誠地barn.（音樂）小節(jié)snapv.（使）斷裂，繃斷figurev.認(rèn)為，認(rèn)定（某事將發(fā)生或?qū)賹?shí)）limpv.瘸著走；跛行；蹣跚orchestran.管弦樂隊(duì)purityn.純潔；純凈；純

25、粹purepuritypurify-ify:beautify,simplify,classifysymphonicadj.交響樂的modulatev.變調(diào)；轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)de-tunev.使改變調(diào)子outburstn.（感情的）爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)burstoutcrying/laughing/singingburstintotears/laughter/angrywordsapplausen.鼓掌；喝彩applaudauditoriumn.禮堂；會(huì)堂appreciatev.欣賞；賞識(shí)appreciateappreciative（of）brown.額頭bown.琴弓boastfullyadv.自吹自擂地；自夸地b

26、oastboastof/about（doing）sth.boaster自夸的人，吹牛者pensiveadj.沉思的；憂傷的reverentadj.非常尊敬的；深表崇敬的sacredadj.上帝的；神的；神圣的shakyadj.不穩(wěn)固的；不牢靠；搖晃的；不確切的bewilderingadj.令人困惑的；使人糊涂的PhrasesandExpressionswiththeaidof在的輔助下makeonesway去；前往；至U地方去gooff突然發(fā)出巨響atonepoint在某個(gè)時(shí)刻allofasudden突然；猛地II.TextLearningAViolinwithThreeStringsOnNo

27、v.18,1995,ItzhakPerlman,theviolinist,cameonstagetogiveaconeertatAveryFisherHallatLincolnCenterinNewYorkCity.(1)IfyouhaveeverbeentoaPerlmanconcert,youknowthatgettingonstageisnosmallachievementforhim.Hewasstrickenwithpolioasachild,andsohehasbracesonbothlegsandwalkswiththeaidoftwocrutches.Toseehimwalka

28、crossthestageonestepatatime,painfullyandslowly,isanawesomesight.Hewalkspainfully,yetmajestically,untilhereacheshischair.Thenhesitsdown,slowly,putshiscrutchesonthefloor,undoestheclaspsonhislegs,tucksonefootbackandextendstheotherfootforward.Thenhebendsdownandpicksuptheviolin,putsitunderhischin,nodstot

29、heconductorandproceedstoplay.Bynow,theaudienceisusedtothisritual.Theysitquietlywhilehemakeshiswayacrossthestagetohischair.Theyremainreverentlysilentwhileheundoestheclaspsonhislegs.Theywaituntilheisreadytoplay.Butthistime,somethingwentwrong.Justashefinishedthefirstfewbars,oneofthestringsonhisviolinbr

30、oke.Youcouldhearitsnap-itwentofflikegunfireacrosstheroom.(2)Therewasnomistakingwhatthatsoundmeant.Therewasnomistakingwhathehadtodo.Wefiguredthathewouldhavetogetup,putontheclaspsagain,pickupthecrutchesandlimphiswayoffstage-toeitherfindanotherviolinorelsefindanotherstringforthisone.Buthedidnt.Instead,

31、hewaitedamoment,closedhiseyesandthensignaledtheconductortobeginagain.Theorchestrabegan,andheplayedfromwherehehadleftoff.Andheplayedwithsuchpassionandsuchpowerandsuchpurityastheyhadneverheardbefore.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn):1.IfyouhaveeverbeentoaPerlmanconcert,youknowthatgettingonstageisnosmallachievementforhim.Hesno

32、actor./Heisnotanactor.Yourenowriter.no可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，用法上相當(dāng)于nota/any,例如：Heisnostudent.(nota)Therearenoclassesoncampustoday.(notany)Therewasnomistakingwhatthatsoundmeant.Therewasnomistakingwhathehadtodo.Therewasnomistaking不會(huì)弄錯(cuò)類似的結(jié)構(gòu)：Thereisnodenying(thefact)thatAndheplayedwithsuchpassionandsuchpowerands

33、uchpurityastheyhadneverheardbefore.such.asSuchadisasterashercarbeingstolenhadneverhappenedbefore.像她的汽車被盜之類的禍?zhǔn)?，以前從未發(fā)生過。Suchadviceashewasgivenprovedalmostworthless.給他提的那類建議簡(jiǎn)直毫無價(jià)值。本句譯文：他的演奏那么有激情，那么有力量，那么純粹，他們以前從來沒有聽到過。Ofcourse,anyoneknowsthatitisimpossibletoplayasymphonicworkwithjustthreestrings.Iknowt

34、hat,andyouknowthat,butthatnightItzhakPerlmanrefusedtoknowthat.(承上啟下句)Youcouldseehimmodulating,changing,re-composingthepieceinhishead.Atonepoint,itsoundedlikehewasde-tuning(調(diào)試)thestringstogetnewsoundsfromthemthattheyhadnevermadebefore.Whenhefinished,therewasanawesomesilenceintheroom.Andthenpeoplerose

35、andcheered.Therewasanextraordinaryoutburstofapplausefromeverycorneroftheauditorium.(4)Wewereallonourfeet,screamingandcheering,doingeverythingwecouldtoshowhowmuchweappreciatedwhathehaddone.Hesmiled,wipedthesweatfromhisbrow,raisedhisbowtoquietus,andthenhesaid-notboastfully,butinaquiet,pensive,reverent

36、tone-(5)Youknow,sometimesitistheartiststasktofindouthowmuchmusicyoucanstillmakewithwhatyouhaveleft.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：Wewereallonourfeet,screamingandcheering,doingeverythingwecouldtoshowhowmuchweappreciatedwhathehaddone.ononesfeet站立screaming,cheering,doingeverythingwecould.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨。toshowhowmuchweapprecia

37、tedwhathehaddone不定式作狀語，表示目的，修飾doingeverythingwecould。appreciateIwillgreatlyappreciateyour/youkeepingitasecret.Hehelpedmealot.Ireallyappreciateit.appreciative(of)appreciation(5)譯文：我們都站起來，尖叫著，歡呼著，用盡一切方式來表達(dá)我們是多么欣賞帕爾曼所做的一切。Youknow,sometimesitistheartiststasktofindouthowmuchmusicyoucanstillmakewithwhatyouhaveleft.你們知道，有時(shí)候，藝術(shù)家的任務(wù)就是要弄清楚用自己所剩的還能創(chuàng)造出多少音樂Itistheartiststasktodosth.makemusic