譯林版八年級上冊英語知識點(diǎn)歸納

1、62/62牛津英語 8A unit1 單元知識詳解Comic strip and welcome to the unit知識詳析.積累拓展some 一些;是不定代詞，代替可數(shù)名詞 cakes, some 也可以代替不可數(shù)名詞。如: Is there any juice in the fridge? I want to drink some.冰箱里有果汁嗎?我想喝一些。some more 再來一些。句中的more 是形容詞many,much的比較級,其前除了用some 來修飾之外,還可用many,much,afew 或what 等意思是“還”“havesome more food結(jié)構(gòu)意思是“再來

2、點(diǎn)吃的，再吃點(diǎn)”。如:Would you like to have some more food?你要再吃點(diǎn)東西嗎?(中考典例)-youlike cake?-Thanks, but Im full.A.anotherB.otherC.the otherD.others答案:A 解析本題考查不定代詞的用法。因?yàn)樯暇湔f的是“你還想吃一塊蛋糕嗎?”指的是“再, 還有”的意思;而 other 的后面一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式;the other 特指“兩塊中的另一-塊”;所以選 A。nothing 沒有、沒有東西。句中的 nothing 是不定代詞作主語，表示否定，意思是“沒有東西:沒有事情”，如:Nothing

3、 is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上無難事，只怕有心人。中考典例 Smoking brings me a lot of ideasStop that! After all,is more important than health.A. nothingB.somethingC.anythingD. everything答案:A 解析本題考查不定代詞的用法。句意為:停止吸煙!畢竟,沒有什么比健康更重要。用不定代詞 nothing 來表示。honest adj.誠實(shí)的,h ,之前必須用an。如:He is an honest boy.他是個(gè)誠

4、實(shí)的孩子。(中考典例)Peter returned the wallet to the police.He was honestA. aBanCtheD. (不填)答案:B解析考查冠詞辨析。句意:“彼得把錢包還給了警察。他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的男孩?！倍鴄n用于元音音素前，honest是元音發(fā)音開頭，故選B.secret 秘密,秘訣,;keep 構(gòu)成固定搭配。如:Whats the secret of his success?他成功的秘訣是什么?secret 用作形容詞時(shí)，意思是“秘密的”，用作定語修飾名詞。如: A secret plan 秘密計(jì)劃;the secret service 特務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)beli

5、eve 相信,信任believe 是及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“相信”,believe 之后跟陳述句作賓語時(shí)，連詞 that可以省略。如:I believe(that) he will tell me the truth.我相信他會(huì)告訴我實(shí)話。believe 之后可以跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語作賓語;也可以跟形容詞或不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如:I dont believe this kind of flower to grow here.我不相信這種花長在這里。難句解讀CanI have something to drink?請給我點(diǎn)喝嗎?can“Cani ? can 可以could couldyou can

6、./Certainly./Of course/Sure 等形式。但不能用 could 如:Can I havealook?我可以看一看嗎?Of course.當(dāng)然可以。-Could I use your mobile phone?我可以用一下你的手機(jī)嗎?you can,have somethingto drink 意為“喝點(diǎn)東西”to drink something.修飾不定代詞的不定式形容詞或介詞短語必須后置。在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式之前還可以用形容詞來修飾不定代詞,如:Would you like to have something to drink?你想喝點(diǎn)東西嗎?Theres somethi

7、ng wrong with my computer.我的電腦出毛病了。通常在疑問句中用anything來表示，但是在Caniyou like.等句型中表示征求意見或希望得到肯定的答復(fù)時(shí)用 something。如:Do you find anything in her bag?你在她包里發(fā)現(xiàn)什么了嗎? Would you like something to eat?你想吃點(diǎn)什么嗎?Could you give me something interesting to red?你能給我一些有趣的 東西看嗎?”中考典例Isthere intodays newspaper?a lot.A.anythin

8、ginterestingB. somethinginterestingC.interestinganythingD. interestingsomething答案：A 解析修飾不定代詞時(shí).形容詞應(yīng)放在不定代詞的后面，又因?yàn)榇司涫且话阋蓡柧洌?所以答案:AWhatabout some milk? 來些牛奶如何?（P6）該句型用來征求對方意見.提建議或詢問消息。其結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于 How about.介詞 about 之后可以跟名詞、代詞或 v.+ing 形式作賓語。如:What a nice day! What about going out for a picnic?多么好的天氣啊!出去野餐怎么樣?

9、 My brother is fifteen years old. What about your brother?我哥哥 15 歲。你哥哥呢?中考典例)How about telling stories to cheer up the sick kids? (改為同義句) tell stories to cheer up the sickkids?答案:Why not/Shall we解析因?yàn)樯暇浔硎菊髑笠庖?，而句中的tell 是原形所以此處用why或者 shall we 來表示征求意見。Reading知識詳析.積累拓展willing 愿意。句中的 willing 是形容詞,意思是“情愿的，

10、樂意的”。be willing to do sth 樂意做某事,相當(dāng)于 be ready to do sth。如:Im willing to share with you my joy.我愿意和你一起分享我的快樂。voice 是可數(shù)名詞,意為“嗓音”。如:Our voices echoed in the empty house.我們的聲音在空屋里回蕩。辨異voice,noise 與 soundvoice 意思是“嗓音”指人或動(dòng)物特有的嗓音;noise 指吵鬧、喧嘩聲往往是不和諧的、不悅耳的聲音。sound 表示“聲音”;指人所能聽到的任何聲音。almost 作副詞,意為“”We were la

11、te, and almost missed the train.我們遲到了，差點(diǎn)誤了那趟火車。中考典例)HowisSusan?一Oh,I see her because she livesabroad.A. alwaysB.oftenC.almostD. hardly答案:D 解析本題考查的是單詞辨析。句子的意思是:蘇珊怎么樣?哦!因?yàn)樗趪饩幼∥規(guī)譨lways 一直;often 經(jīng)常;almost 幾乎;hardly she livesabroad 可知用 hardly。sense 句中的 sense 是名詞，意思是“感覺”。如:the sense of sight/ hearing/sm

12、ell/ taste/ touch 視/聽/嗅/味/觸覺have a sense of sth 是固定搭配，意思是“對某事有感覺”。既可表達(dá)對事物的生理感覺，也可表達(dá)對事物的覺察和覺悟。如:The blind girl has a keen sense of hearing.這盲女孩的聽覺很靈敏。中考典例)will be able to find the hotel, he has apretty good ofdirection.A. ideaB.FeelingC.experienceD.sense句子表達(dá)的句意是“”sense 意為“感覺”,與句意吻合。bored 是形容詞，意思是“無聊的

13、”。作動(dòng)詞 feel 的表語。如:如:She felt bored at home herself.她獨(dú)自在家感到無聊。辨異bored 與 boringbored ,意為“感到厭倦”， boring “”The lesson was boring, and the students were bored. 這堂課枯燥無味,學(xué)生們感到乏味。拓展類似用法的詞有很多。如:interesting/ interested; exciting/ excited;surprising/ surprised; amazing/ amazed 等。中考典例Thework is ,so Ioften feel .

14、A.bored,boringB.boring,boringC.boring,boredD. bored, bored答案:C 解析本題考查形客詞的用法。前半句指的是這個(gè)工作很乏味，所以用 boring。后半句指的是“我”感覺乏味，用 bored 來表來表示。fit 在本句中作動(dòng)詞，意為“可容納，裝進(jìn)”，還可表示“適合,fit 常與副詞 well 搭配。如: My dog is growing up day by day. This place is not fit for it.我的狗一天天地長大。這個(gè)地方不適合它了。This pair of shoes doesnt fit me well.

15、這雙鞋子我穿不合適。sweet 此處為形容詞，意為“可愛的，惹人喜愛的”，在句中可作表語或定語。如: Mary is a sweet girl. 瑪麗是一個(gè)可愛的女孩。The dish tastes a bit sweet.這菜有點(diǎn)甜味。中考典例)What do you think of the woman singer?Hervoice sounds .I like hersongs.A.sweetB.sweetlyC.badD.badly答案:A 解析本題考查形容詞用法。因?yàn)榇颂幍?sound 是連系動(dòng)詞，在后面用形容詞作表語; 又因?yàn)橄戮涞木湟馐恰八穆曇袈犉饋砗芴?。我喜歡她的歌。”所以

16、這里選 A。難句解讀1.Betty is one of my best friends.貝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。教材 P8oneof后可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞賓格，意為“其中之一”。one是代詞，指代同類事物中的一個(gè)。例如:You may take any one of these apples.這些蘋果你可以隨便拿一個(gè)。名詞被形容詞修飾時(shí),跟在one of 后面的形容詞常用最高級形式;構(gòu)成句型是“one of 十形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/代詞復(fù)數(shù)意為“最的”此結(jié)構(gòu)做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:One of the tallest boys is my brother.那些最高的男孩中的一個(gè)是

17、我的哥哥。the。例如:This is one of my fathers most useful dictionaries.這是我父親最有用的字典中的一-本。中考典例Edison is one ofthe greatest (發(fā)明家) in the world.答案:inventors 解析 one of 后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 Do you know that China isoneof countries in theworld?do. Its much than the US.A.oldest;olderB. theoldest;olderC. theoldest;elderD. the ol

18、der;elder答案:B 解析本題考查形容詞的用法。第一空:one of 后常用形容詞的最高級,本處意為“最古老的國家之一”;第二空:much 后應(yīng)接比較級。故選 B。2 and ready to help people anytime.她在任何時(shí)候都愿意幫助別人。教材 P8be ready to do sth(樂意做某事)是固定搭配,相當(dāng)于 be willing to do sth。 如:Liu Mei is always ready to help me with my lessons.劉梅總是樂意幫助我學(xué)功課。(= Liu Mei is always willing to help m

19、e with my lessons.)鏈接 ready 可以作“準(zhǔn)備好的,有準(zhǔn)備的”講。常見的短語有:be/get ready to do sth 準(zhǔn)備做某事; be/get ready for sth 為某事做準(zhǔn)備,( = prepare for sth);get sth ready 準(zhǔn)備好某物。如:Everything is ready for the party.晚會(huì)已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備就緒。They are ready to leave 他們準(zhǔn)備出發(fā)了。We are getting ready for the coming exam.我們正在為這次考試做準(zhǔn)備。(中考典例Why does every

20、one like thatboy?-Becausehe (總是樂于助人). (ready)答案:is always ready to help others (other people)解析此句用 be ready to do sth 來表示“樂意做某事”的意思。She helps me with my homework and she always gives her seat on the bus to someone inneed.她經(jīng)常幫助我完成家庭作業(yè)，她在公車上也經(jīng)常讓座給有需要的人。教材 P8這個(gè)句子是由 and 連接的一個(gè)并列句，掌握如下短語:help sbwith sth意為

21、“幫助某人做某事”。如:1 often helpmy sister with English. 我經(jīng)常幫“helpsbtodosth,意為“幫助某人做某事”。如:I often help my sister (to) learn English.我經(jīng)常幫助我妹妹學(xué)習(xí)英語?！癵ive ones seatto sb意為“讓座給某人”。如:He gave his seat to an old man in the reading room today.今天他在閱覽室給位老 人讓座。seat 構(gòu)成的相關(guān)詞組有: take a seat /be seated= sit down 坐下。如:He is s

22、eated /takes a seat /sit down between Jack and me.他坐在杰克和我之間。inneed意為“”:Afriendinneedisafriendindeed患難朋友才是真正的朋友。In needofsh/sb 意為“需要某事或某人”Shewants 1heasingerwhenshegrowsup.她長大后想做一名歌手。教材P8wanttodosth意為“想要做某事”,want后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用動(dòng)詞的不定式形式。此外，want 還可用作及物動(dòng)詞,后直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語。如:You dont want to believe everything you

23、hear.你沒必要相信所聽到的一-切事情。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句句中的 when 作連詞。意為“.-的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，說明主句謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。易錯(cuò)警醒在時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語,從句中的動(dòng)詞表示的是將來的動(dòng)作時(shí)要注意從句 中時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)移,即用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。如:Please send an e mail to me after you arrive in the 未 USA.在你到達(dá)美國以后給我發(fā)個(gè)電子郵件。If it rains tomorrow, we wont hold the sports meeti

24、ng,假如明天下雨，我們就不舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)了。中考典例例1TomorrowisMothers Iwant a special gift for mymum.A. buyB. tobuyC.buyingD. bough答案:B.在 want 的后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語。Hewearssmallroundglasses.Theymake himlooksmart.，他戴著一副小圓眼鏡，這使他P8后面一句中的“makehimloksmart是復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu),make后面的不定式不帶“to。鏈接)to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞還有:letsee,hearwatch,have: often seehimpl

25、ay footballin the playground.我們經(jīng)常看到他在操場上踢足球。He had me finish the work by myself.他讓我獨(dú)自完成這工作。助記歌訣使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞通常要求用不帶 to 的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,help 后面的動(dòng)詞可以加 to 也可以不加 to。記憶方法如下:-一感: feel;二聽: hear, listen to ;三讓: make, let,have;四看:see, notice, watch, observe;半幫助:help中考典例We need to make moreyoungpeople (learn) Shadow P

26、lay so that it wont disappear inChina.答案:learn 解析根據(jù)句子可以看出，此處考查的是make sb do sth的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。Everyone thinks she ispretty.P8everyone 做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，后面的代詞也相應(yīng)用單數(shù)(口語中也用單數(shù)形式的代詞搭配 everyone)。如:Everyone loves a polite person. 每個(gè)人都喜愛有禮貌的人。everyone 做主語時(shí),后面的附加問句主語用 they 比 he 好。如:Everyone likes the child,do they?大

27、家都喜歡這個(gè)孩子，是嗎?辨異 everyone, every oneeveryone 后面不可以接 of 的短語。而 every one 后面可以接 of 短語。everyone 泛指人，不用來指物。而 every one 既可指人也可指物。如:Every one of these students has passed the examination.這些學(xué)生每一個(gè)都考試及格了。中考典例)Everyone inourclass to take part in the English Speech Contest.A. is encouraged B. encourages C. are en

28、couraging D. are encouraged答案:A everyone ;句子要表達(dá)的句意是“我們班的每個(gè)人都被鼓勵(lì)去參加英語演講比賽。所以這里用被動(dòng)語態(tài)單數(shù)形式;A。Integrated skills知識詳析.積累拓展would like to 表示“想要做”“想做某事”的不同表達(dá)方式:would like to dosth would love to dosth。如:you like to go with me?你想和我一-起去嗎? love to.是的,我想去。would love to do sth would like to dosth”強(qiáng)。 如:Id love togo

29、shopping, butIcant go. BecauseI have alot ofhomework todo.C.wanttodosth比前面兩種說法語氣直率如:I want to have a try again.我想再試一試。d. feel like doing sth 可以與would like to do sth”和“want to dosth”互換使用。如: I feel like playing basketball with you.我想和你一起打籃球。next to 的用法next to 用作副詞時(shí)，意為“幾乎”。用作介詞時(shí)，意為“緊鄰;在近旁;僅次于;緊接”。如:Som

30、eone introduced us and I sat next to him.有人給我們做了介紹，我挨著他坐下了。May I bring my chair next to yours?我可以把我的椅子移到你的旁邊嗎?中考典例據(jù)說賓館旁的超市正在大甩賣。(next)Its said that theres a big sale inthesupermarket the hotel.答案:nextto解析此處用nextto 來表示在超市旁邊的意思。with 為介詞，意為“帶有;具有”。如:Alice is a girl with blue eyes.艾麗斯是一個(gè)長著藍(lán)眼睛的女孩。Tony is

31、 a boy with short hair.托尼是一個(gè)留著短發(fā)的男孩。辨異with 與 withoutwith without;without “”,He went out without saying a word.他一句話也沒有說就出去了。中考典例Everyoneisborn the ability to learn.A.atB.onC.withD.in“”此處表示的是“具有，帶有”with 短語來表示。難句解析Iwould like tobe asocialworkerwhenIgrowup.我長大后想當(dāng)一名社會(huì)工作者。教材P13when social worker”,這些工作人員大多

32、數(shù)是志愿者。social 是形容詞，常用來作定語,修飾名詞。如:These are social workers visiting people just out of hospital.這些是正在探望剛出院的康復(fù)病人的社會(huì)福利工作人員。Whatshe like? P14在此處like是介詞，意為“樣”。What+is/are+sb+like”的用法有兩種:“某人長什么樣”Howdo/doessblook? 或者Whatdo/ doessb looklike? 如:What is your sister like? = How does your sister look? = What doe

33、s your sister looklike?你的姐姐長什么樣?She is tall and slim.她又高又苗條。還可用來詢問某人的性格品質(zhì)等。如:一 Whats your English teacher like?一 He is kind and helpful.一你的英語老師是個(gè)怎樣的人?一他善良而且助人為樂。中考典例 Could youtell me ?-Sure,hesof height and a little fat.what did he like;middlewhat he looked like;mediumhow he is like;middlewhat he lo

34、oks like; medium答案:D 解析在詢問別人的相貌的時(shí)候用句型 what+ be + sb+ like 或者 what do/ does sb looklike could D。Task知識詳析 積累拓展patient adj“有耐心的、忍耐的?！本渲凶餍稳菰~，定語和表語。比較級通常在該詞之前加more。反義詞是 impatient。例如:Her mother is a patient person !她的媽媽是個(gè)有耐心的人。中考典例have tobe and wait until I finish my work.A.patientB.strictC.honestD. activ

35、e答案:A 解析根據(jù)后面分句的意思“”所以前面說的是“你得耐心一點(diǎn)A,patient 意為“耐心的”。鏈接 be patient with sb 對某人有耐心。如:Teachers should be patient with their students.老師對待學(xué)生應(yīng)該有耐心be patient of sth 對某事有耐心;對某事能忍受。如:He was patient of great pain.他忍受了極大的痛苦。both.and.意為“積和兩者都”，“既又這個(gè)詞組連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，可連接名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞等。連接主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如:Both husband and wife

36、teachers.夫妻兩人都是老師。中考典例-Which of the two subjects do you like, PE ormusic?-They are really interesting.A.NeitherB.BothC.NoneD.All答案:B 解析本題考查代詞的用法。根據(jù)后面的“它們很有趣”可知，“兩個(gè)課程都喜歡”。both 意為“ ”。故選 B。二者都比較級之前的修飾語a little,a bit,a littlebit, slightly 等修飾，表示“稍微”、“一點(diǎn)”。如:Its a little colder today than it was yesterday

37、.今天比昨天稍冷一點(diǎn)。比較級前可用much,far,byfar,alot,agooddeal,agreatdeal,rather等修飾表示得多”如:Shesagooddealbettertoday.她今天好多了。C.比較級前可用even,still 修飾，表示“:It was even colder than yesterday.今天比昨天還要冷。中考典例)Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital. But after a weeks rest, she feltmuch and went back to school.A.goodB.be

38、tterC.badD.worse答案:B解析本題考查形容詞詞義辯析及其比較級的用法。句意為:Lisa 離開醫(yī)院時(shí)還是很虛弱但是經(jīng)過一周的休息過后她感覺好多了然后就回去上學(xué)了所以應(yīng)該用比較級better 故選 B。難句解析Shealways hasa smileonherfaceandlookshappy她總是面帶微笑，看上去那么快樂。鏈接“l(fā)ookshappy”是“系動(dòng)詞+表語”的結(jié)構(gòu)。系動(dòng)調(diào)除look(看起來)外，還,:sound(聽起來)，smell(聞起來)taste(嘗起來)和feel(感覺:摸起來)等。使用系動(dòng)詞時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn):有被動(dòng)意味，但不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如:The fish t

39、astes delicious. 這魚嘗起來味道不錯(cuò)。后面常接形容詞作表語。如:The music sounds nice. 這音樂聽起來很美。后面可接介詞 like。如:Itlooks(tastes,smells,feels)likeanorange.它看起來(吃起來、聞起來、摸起來)像橘子。另外,taste和smell 后還可接介詞of，表示“的味道”It tastes/smells of fish.它嘗/聞起來有魚的味道一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。但 feel 有時(shí)可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:How are you feeling now?你現(xiàn)在感覺如何?易錯(cuò)警醒系動(dòng)詞不能用副詞作表語。教室看上去很明亮。

40、誤 The classroom looks so brightly.正 The classroom looks bright.語法總結(jié)er,goodbetter，badworse，有很最高級more(more natural,more clearly或加后綴-er(newer,sooner1 英語句子“比較句型”“A B 更”的表達(dá)方式稱為比較級。組成句子的方式是將形容詞或副詞變化成比較級的形態(tài)。構(gòu)成單音節(jié)形容詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞，一般在詞尾加-er。以字母 e 結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾直接加-r。重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，元音發(fā)短音時(shí)，雙寫尾字母，再加 er。以輔音字母+y“結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，變”

41、y“為”i“，再加-er。多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞，在詞前加”more“。部分形容詞和副詞的比較級是不規(guī)則的，如：good/well-better，bad/badly-worse。由“動(dòng)詞+后綴-ing/-ed”構(gòu)成的形容詞，在詞前加 more 構(gòu)成比較級。如：interesting-more interesting，bored-more bored。由“形容詞+后綴-ly”構(gòu)成的副詞，在該副詞前加 more 構(gòu)成比較級。如：slowly-more slowly， happily- more happily。用法表示比.更+than+比較成分than后主詞的述語動(dòng)詞往往省略, 非正than 后的

42、人稱代名詞可用賓格。He is younger than me.他比我年輕。I am a better swimmer than he（him）.我游泳比他好。表示較.低; 不及.less+原級形容詞+than+比較成分。I am less young than he （is）.我不比他年輕。表示兩者之中較.,the+比較級+ofthetwo。This one is the bigger of the twohouses.這所房子是兩座房子中較大的。定冠詞或指示形容詞+比較級+名詞表示比較。The taller boy is John.那個(gè)身材較高的男孩子是約翰。比較形容詞可以被副詞alitt

43、le（一點(diǎn)）,much（得多）even（更加）still（更加）far（.的多）等修飾, 但不可用 very 修飾。翻譯: 現(xiàn)在的生活簡單得多了。（誤）Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.（正）Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.牛津英語 8A Unit2 school life 單元知識點(diǎn)匯總Comic strip and welcome to the unit知識詳析.積累拓展辨異 clever, smart,bright 的區(qū)別clever 表示“聰明;靈

44、巧”時(shí)，指人或動(dòng)物的腦子靈活;指做成的事物時(shí),常含有巧妙的意思。如:Peoplelovetosee theclever monkey.人們愛看這只聰明的猴子。smart 與 clever 同義，但更強(qiáng)調(diào)頑皮的一面。如:You can not cheat him because he is a smart boy.你騙不了他，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)聰明的男孩。bright 意為“聰明;思路敏捷”,它多用來指年輕人或小孩,常用于口語中。如: She is rally a bright little girl.她真是一個(gè)聰明的小姑娘。辨異must 和 have to(1)must 沒有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的變化，后面跟不

45、帶 to;而 have to 有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的變化。must not 的意思是 “不許，不可以” ; dont have to 的意思是“不必”must 帶有主觀因素，意思是“一定、必須”;have to 帶有客觀因素，意思是“不得不”。中考典例) How do you usually go to school?My school isfartake the bus to school.A.mustB.mightC. have to答案:C解析本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。因?yàn)榍熬湔f的是“我的學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn)。”所以下句是“我得乘公交車上學(xué)?！边@里是客觀因素導(dǎo)致了我乘公交車上學(xué)，因此此處用haveto來表示。

46、few 用作形容詞時(shí)，意思是“少數(shù)的，不多的，修飾可數(shù)名詞，作定語。其比較級和最高級是 fewer 和 fewest. few 用作不定代詞時(shí)，表示否定，意思是“少數(shù)幾個(gè)、幾乎沒有”。如:I have few friends here. 我在這里幾乎沒有朋友。辨異few,a few,little 與 a little 的區(qū)別few/afew修飾可數(shù)名詞;little/alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞。few,little表示否定，意思是“幾乎沒有”;a little 表示肯定，意思是“有幾個(gè)/一點(diǎn)”。如:There are few people in the classroom.教室里幾乎沒有人。

47、There is little water left in the glass.玻璃杯里剩下的水不多了。alittle 可以表示程度,“只有一些”onlyalittle, onlya few;表示“很少”very little,very few。如:She runs a little faster than I.她跑得比我稍快點(diǎn)兒。There are only a few books here.這兒只有幾本書。難句解析1.Why dont dogs go to school, Eddie?埃迪 ，為什么狗不上學(xué)?Because were cleverer than people.因 為我們比人

48、聰明。(教材 P18)句中的 why 是疑問副詞，用來詢問原因。后面一-句用連詞 because,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,通常用來回答 why 提出的問題。because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可以改為簡單句。試比較:I couldnt come here because it rained heavily.因?yàn)橛晗碌煤艽?所以我不能來。I couldnt come here because of the heavy rain.由于大雨，所以我不能來。中考典例I saw David in the teachers office this morning. Doyouknow he wasthere?He

49、 went there to hand in his homework.A. howB.whetherC.whenD.why答案:D 解析本題考查連詞的用法。根據(jù)答句可知，他去老師辦公室的目的是為了交作業(yè)。由此可知詢問的是他為什么(why)去那里。故選 D。Whats schoollike? 學(xué)校是什么 樣的?一-Its like watching TV, but there are advertisements.像看電視一 樣,不過廣 告更少些。(教材 P18).疑問句和應(yīng)答句中的兩個(gè) like 都用作介詞,之后可以跟名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或短語作賓語。意思是“像(某人/某物);相似;

50、類似”。如:Im going to be a singer like Han Hong when I grow up.長大后我要成為像韓紅那樣的歌唱家。He is like his father.他像他的爸爸。That woman looks a bit like the Queen.那個(gè)婦女長得有點(diǎn)像女王。中考典例 Would you like some more noodles, Celia?just .A.afewB.fewC. alittleD. little答案:Afew 修飾可數(shù)名詞, Iittle 修飾不可數(shù)名詞;noodle是可數(shù)名詞,A B;又因?yàn)榇颂幈磉_(dá)的句意是“只要來一點(diǎn)

51、點(diǎn)面條?！北硎尽吧倭俊盿few 來表示;few 表示的意思是“幾乎沒有”;因此選 A。Shall we gotogether? 我們一起去好嗎?(教材P19)Shall we.?意為“我們.-好嗎”，是常用來征求對方的意見和建議的句型。如: Shall we have a swim this afternoon?我們下午去游泳好嗎?-Good idea!好主意!常用答語肯定回答:Of course, Id love to./Thats a good idea.否定回答:Im sorry,but i.注意 Shall we.句型中 we 還可換成 I,但不能用于第二人稱,不能說 Shall yo

52、u.?中考典例 Shall we go to Alberta for thesummerholiday? .Its one of the worlds cleanestcities.A.SoundsgreatB. Not atallC. kiddingD. rewelcome答案:A 解析本題考直交際英語。上句是表示征|囊，所以下句的回答是“聽起來好極了。它是世界上最干凈的城市之一”Reading知識詳析.積累拓展mixed 是形容詞，意為“男女混合的，混合的”。如:We have mixed feelings of surprise and joy.我們驚喜交加。鏈接mix 用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，

53、意思是“混合,混合在一起”。如:Oil and water do not mix.油和水不相溶。mixture 用作名詞，意思是“混合,混合物”。learningforeignlanguages,意思是“學(xué)外語learningforeignlanguages是一個(gè)整體。如:Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多對你的身體沒有好處。Doing more exercise is good for your body.多鍛煉對你的身體有好處。(中考典例Doingeye exercises one of the useful ways to protec

54、t oureyes.A.isB.areC. were答案:A解析本題考查主謂語一致。因?yàn)榍懊娴闹髡Zdoing 是動(dòng)名詞短語，是一個(gè)整體,所以后面的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。因此選A.offer 的意思是“提供、提出”。拓展 offer 可以作“主動(dòng)提出、奉獻(xiàn)”講,其反義詞是“refuse” (拒絕)。如:Heofferedhislifetothecountry.他把生命獻(xiàn)給了祖國。offer 用作名詞時(shí),意思是“提供、提議”,常與動(dòng)詞 make 連用。如:Theywillmakeanofferof supportforus.他們愿意為我們提供支援。(中考典例 How is Tom now?I hea

55、rthe company him a good job,but he refusedit.A. providedB.offeredC.passedD. introduced答案:B解析“我聽說公司給他作，但是他拒絕了B: 但是provide with sth;hero 用作可數(shù)名詞。意思是“英雄，偶像”。hero還可以作“男主角，男主人公”講。例如: My father is the hero in my heart.在我心中爸爸是英雄。Who is the heroin my heart?這故事的男主角是誰?中考典例Thisisoneofthe mostfamous (hero)names.

56、 It is often seen in newspapers.答案:heroes解析在oneof的后面跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,hero的復(fù)數(shù)形式是heroes,又因?yàn)楹竺娓拿~，所以這里指的是“英雄的名字”，因此此處用名詞所有格heroes來表示。won win “”win 用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)， 相當(dāng)于success”,意思是“”“in the last school field day”“在最近的學(xué)校田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)日中”。如:We won a match yesterday.昨天我們比賽獲勝了。Finally we won through all difficulties.我們克服了種種困難終于獲得了

57、勝利。We have won the football match.我們打贏了這場比賽。拓展 winner,名詞，“獲勝者”,是動(dòng)詞 win(贏)變來的。win 表示“贏“”win 之后不能用指人“我們戰(zhàn)勝了他們”應(yīng)該說beat them.不能說won them”另外一個(gè)動(dòng)詞beat 也可表示“贏”，但它的賓語常常是 somebody.中考典例 The Chinese national womens badminton team the Japanese team by 3 : 1 in India on May24.A.wonB.lostC.beatD. missed答案:C “5 24 3

58、:1 擊敗了日本隊(duì)?！睋魯∧硞€(gè)隊(duì)“beat”來表示。Grace this game every time we A.winsB.wonC.will winD. has won答案:A :Grace “every time(每次)可知，是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),A。難句解讀Imin8atWoodlandSchoolnearLondon我在倫敦附近的烏德蘭學(xué)校讀八年級。(教P20)句中的 in Year 8 相當(dāng)于 in Grade 8/in 8th grade,意思是“在八年級”?！癮t Woodland School nearLondon.是兩個(gè)介詞短語構(gòu)成的個(gè)短語，后一 個(gè)介詞短語 ne

59、ar London 作定語，修飾之前的名詞 school。 詞組、短語或句子作定語時(shí)通常后置。如:That girl in red is my sister.穿紅衣服的那個(gè)女孩是我的姐姐。This is the book I want.這就是我想要的書。中考典例Maria is leaving for France soon by Shewill arrive Paris the morning of August8th.A. at;inB. in;onC. in;inD. at;on答案:B 解析本題考查介詞。前一空表示“到達(dá)巴黎”Paris 的in 來表示;而后面表示“具體某- 天的早晨m

60、orning on 來表示。Time seems to go fasterwhen we are reading interesting books.當(dāng)我們在閱讀有趣的書籍時(shí),時(shí)間好像走得更快。(P20)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。seem“”,常見的用法有:(1)主語seem+(tobe)She seems happy.她看似幸福。主語+seem+動(dòng)詞不定式;如:They seem to be talking about you. 他們似乎在談Itseemedthat 從句表示”如:It seemed that he had met her before.他似乎以前見過她。It seemed