情態(tài)動詞講解課件

1、一、動詞分類：四種二、情態(tài)動詞特點(diǎn)1. 情態(tài)動詞不受主語（單復(fù)數(shù)人稱）影響。 2. 情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形做謂語。特例：oughtto+動詞原形haveto +動詞原形3. 否定式：情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形 疑問式：情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形?4. 情態(tài)動詞的基本要求：1）有哪些？2）基本意義和特殊用法。三、情態(tài)動詞巧妙記憶 (一)原形和一般過去式1.cancould2. maymight 3. shallshould4. willwould 5. have (has) tohad to（二）無形式變換的1.must2. ought to （三）既可以做情態(tài)動詞又可以做實(shí)義動詞的 dare，nee

2、d 做題時需要分類討論（四）had better used to would rather 四、高考情態(tài)動詞考點(diǎn)一shall1）一，三人稱，疑問句，征求對方意見或請求。2）二，三人稱，陳述句, 命令,警告,允諾,威脅。3）條約、法律、規(guī)章、預(yù)言等文件中，表示義務(wù)、規(guī)定。一二三人稱。2. must1）第二人稱，翻譯成：“偏要，硬要”2）表示推測時， 只能用于肯定句。must be 現(xiàn)在的動作“肯定是”must be doing 現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作“現(xiàn)在肯定正在做”must have done 過去發(fā)生的事情“過去肯定做了某事”3. can /could 1）表示推測時，主要用在否定句或疑問句中。

3、cant becouldnt be “肯定不是”Its so late. Can Tom be reading?It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.can/could not be doing “肯定不是正在做”can/could not have done “過去不可能做某事” I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.2）can/could have done 用于肯定句中 “本來能做”You could have had a better mark.3）-Could (Can) you? - Y

4、es, I can (不用could)- May I use your computer?- Of course you can.4) cannot （helpchoose）but +動詞原形 “不得不，只能” I cannot help but tell her the truth. cannot help it “控制不住，沒有辦法 ” cannot too “無論怎樣也不為過”I cannot thank you too much cannot help doing sth 禁不住做某事5）couldnt +動詞原形+比較級 （再不過了）It couldnt be better.I co

5、uldnt agree with you more.4. may/might 1) 表示推測時，用于陳述句，表示把握不大。 might/may （not）do sth “現(xiàn)在將來可能（沒）做某事” mightmay （not ）be doing sth “現(xiàn)在可能（沒）正在做” might/may have done “過去可能做了某事”。 might/may not have done “過去可能沒做某事”。They may come here tomorrow.He might be doing his homework now.He might have read about the n

6、ews in the newspaper.2) May+主語+動詞原形。表示祝愿。 祝你成功？3） maymight as well do sth =had better do sth “最好”You may as well stay at home tonight.5. mustnt do 表示“不可以，絕對不能做” dont have to do 表示 “沒有必要做”=dont need to do=neednt do-Must I/ he/? -No, you/ he/neednt/dont doesnt have to.(不用mustnt)6. can do 只表示有能力be able

7、 to do 有能力并經(jīng)過努力做成了某事。=manage to do =succeed in doing 7. used to do 過去常常做，現(xiàn)在不這樣了。 否定式是 usednt to do 或者didnt use to do. 疑問式是 used +主語 to do 或者 did +主語 use to do8. needdare1）做情態(tài)動詞常用在否定句和疑問句中2）need 引起的疑問句，肯定回答用have to do 或must；否定回答用neednt 或者dont have toNeed I/he/? Yes, you/he/must.(不用need) 9. will/would

8、1）用于第二人稱表請求，意志，決心，請求。 would比will更委婉禮貌。If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy.I promised that I would do my best.2）用于第三人稱表示習(xí)慣性動作或者某種傾向。will表現(xiàn)在，would 表過去。 On Sundays, he would get up early and go fishing.10. should表驚異、意外等情緒, 常譯為“竟然”。11. “祈使句附加問句”結(jié)構(gòu)，附加問句常用will you形式。Stand still, will

9、 you?12. ought to（客觀看法）比should do（主觀看法）語氣強(qiáng)烈。都可表示推測（可能性很大）。ought to 的否定式是ought not to =oughtnt to 疑問式是ought +主語+to do sth13. If +主語+should, 祈使句。禮貌地提出建議。 If you should see him, please give him my regards. 考點(diǎn)一練習(xí)1. “The interest_ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.

10、” declared the judge.A. may B. should C. must D. shall2. -The room is so dirty. _we clean it? - Of course. A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do3. - What does the sign over there read? - No person _smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area AwillBmayCshall D. must4. John, look at the ti

11、me. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need5. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.might B. need C. should D. would考點(diǎn)二：情態(tài)動詞+have + v-ed都是與過去行為有關(guān)一）表示對過去發(fā)生事情的推測1. must have done 2. might/may have done 3. might/may not have done 4. can/cou

12、ld not have done 二）本來，卻（沒有).1. could have done2. ought to should have done3. ought not to should not have done4. neednt have done need have done5. will have done情態(tài)動詞+have + v-ed練習(xí)1. Mr. White _at 8：30 for the meeting，but he didnt show up. should have arrived B. should arriveC. should have had arrive

13、d D. should be arriving2. Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.Really？ I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A. mustB. mayC. canD. should3. I have lost one of my gloves. I_ it somewhere. must dropB. must have droppedC. must be droppingD. must have been dropped4. I

14、_have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A. shouldntB. couldntC. mustnt D. neednt5. We_have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.A. needntB. may notC. shouldntD. mustnt6. I stayed at a hotel while in New York . Oh, did you?

15、 Youwith Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed7. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .A. should have takenB. could have takenC. neednt have takenD. mustnt have taken8. He paid for a seat, when he_ have entered

16、 free.A. couldB. would C. mustD. need9. I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting .mustnt have spokenB. mightnt have spokenC. cant have spokenD. shouldnt have spoken10. He didnt do well in the exam. He_ hard at his lessons.must have worked B. ought to have workedC. would h

17、ave worked D. has worked 高考考題典型題目1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have

18、been C. should be D. should have beenB D B 4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. sh

19、ould D. could D C6. -Did the train arrive in time?-No. It _ two hours ago.A. must have arrived B. ought to have arrivedC. must arrive D. ought to arrive7. Must I drive to his house and pick up the children? No, . A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you mustntB C 8. We didnt see Tom at

20、the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would have not attendedB 9. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must C. should D. ought toA 10. Two years ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in town, it is o

21、ften faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must notB. may not C. should notD. dont have toD 11. You _ such a long composition. The teacher only asked for 300 words. You have written 600.A. mustnt have written B. couldnt have writtenC. neednt have written D. do not have to writeC 鞏 固 練 習(xí)

22、1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now.A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt have eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt have eaten2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet? -She _ again in the morning?A. shouldnt have overslept B. may have turned off the alarm clockC. must have no one t o ca

23、ll herD. should have someone to wake her up3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No. We _, but we decided not to.A.should have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have goneBBA4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally.neednt dress B. didnt have to dress upC. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher. In my opinion, you _ this as soon