高考英語學(xué)習(xí)提升課堂：基礎(chǔ)語法-獨立主格用法

1、高考英語學(xué)習(xí)提升課堂：基礎(chǔ)語法一獨立主格用法一、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是一個名詞或代詞（作為邏輯主語），加上一個形容詞、 副詞、介詞短語、分詞、不定式等在句中作狀語。它有以下三個特點：.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同,它獨立存在。.邏輯主語與其后的形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、不定式等存在邏輯 上的主謂關(guān)系。.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號與主句分開,與主句之間不能使用連接詞。二、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的形式L邏輯主語+不定式。如：A house to be built, we must save every cent.由于要建一座房子，我們必須節(jié)省每一分錢。Now here is Li Lei

2、, Wei Fang to come tomorrow.現(xiàn)在李雷來了，魏方明天到。.邏輯主語+現(xiàn)在分詞。如：The bus coming here soon, we should get everything ready.汽車很快就要來了，我們應(yīng)該把一切事情準備好。Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.如果時間允許，晚飯后我們可以到操場上散散步。.邏輯主語+動詞的過去分詞。如：His cup broken, he used his bowl instead.茶杯破了，他就用碗來代替。The

3、experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.實驗做完了，同學(xué)們繼續(xù)在實驗報告上做記錄。.邏輯主語+形容詞。如：The ground muddy, we should be careful.地面濘泥，我們應(yīng)該小心。Computers very small, we can use them widely.電腦雖小我們卻能廣泛地利用它們。.邏輯主語+副詞。如：The class over, we all went out to play.下課后，我們都出去玩。The lights off,

4、we could not go on with the work.燈熄了，我們不能繼續(xù)工作了。.邏輯主語+介詞短語。如：Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were.手里拿著眼鏡，他問他的眼鏡哪去了。Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand.我們的英語老師走進了教室，手里拿著試卷。. There being + 名詞（代詞）。如：There being nothing else to do, we went home.沒有別的事可做，我們就回家了。There

5、 being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.沒有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會。. It being +名詞（代詞）。如：It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.由于圣誕節(jié)的緣故，政府機關(guān)都休息。It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都關(guān)門了。三、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的句法功能獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作狀語，表示“時間、原因、條件和伴隨”等情 況。L作時間狀語Her work done, she s

6、at down for a cup of tea.她干完了活，坐下來喝茶。The ceremony ended, the games began.儀式結(jié)束后，比賽開始了。.作條件狀語It being fine tomorrow, we II go boating.如果明天天氣好的話，我們就去劃船。The condition being favorable, he may succeed.假設(shè)條件有利，他或許能成功。.作原因狀語The meeting being put off, we needn，t，t hurry.由于會議推遲了，我們就沒有必要匆忙了。There being no taxis, we had to walk.沒有出租車，我們只好步行。.作伴隨狀語The boy stood there, his fig