名詞性從句-課件

1、Noun Clauses Noun Clauses1.It is known to you all that I am an English teacher.2.You know that I am an English teacher.3. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in the exam.4. The fact that I am an English teacher is known to you all.Find the clauses and tell the function of them:that I

2、am an English teacher that I am an English teacher.What I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam. that I am an English teacherSubject ClauseObject ClauseSubject ClausePredicative ClauseAppositive Clause連接詞+名詞性從句(陳述句語序即主+謂)1.It is known to you all that 由_引導(dǎo)，在復(fù)合句中起_作用的從句叫名詞從句 ( Noun Clau

3、ses)。它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任_等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為_。名詞性從句連接詞名詞主語、賓語、表語、同位語主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句由_引導(dǎo)，在復(fù)合句中起_作用的從句叫名詞從句 謂語動(dòng)詞/介詞主語從句表語從句賓語從句 名 詞同位語從句When we shall hold the meeting depends on whether John can return tomorrow. 系動(dòng)詞The problem is when John will come back.We expressed our hope that we could visit t

4、he country again.謂語動(dòng)詞/介詞主語從句表語從句賓語從句 名 詞同位語從句 看從句中缺少什么成分，根據(jù)意思選擇適當(dāng)連接詞語；如不缺成分且句意完整，則選用that.一找二查三選：從句：缺少什么成分：意思適合的連接詞連詞選擇總原則： 看從句中缺少什么成分，根據(jù)意思選擇適當(dāng)連接詞語；如不缺成 I. 名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：連接詞 ：that、if、whether不作成分無意義2. 連接代詞 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which 、 whoever, whatever3. 連接副詞： when、 where、why、how“是否” 作狀語作主/賓/表 I. 名詞性從

5、句的引導(dǎo)詞：連接眾所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周紀(jì)念日。You all know that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.I think it known to you all that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.That it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday is known to you all.

6、It is known to you all that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterdayThe fact that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday is known to you all.What is known to you all is that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday 賓 從主從同位語

7、從句表語從句眾所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周紀(jì)念日。 賓主同位語從句表語從句我的夢(mèng)想是能進(jìn)入一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。I always dream that I can enter a key university.My dream is that I can enter a key university.That I can enter a key university is my dream.I have a dream that I can enter a key university.我的夢(mèng)想是能進(jìn)入一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。 . 語序問題. 連接詞that,what ,which , whether, if,

8、who, whom,whose, whatever ,whichever,whoever ,whomever,whoseverwhen, where, why, how . it 作形式主語,形式賓語的用法. 時(shí)態(tài)問題7 . 同位語從句與定語從句區(qū)別. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣. 主謂一致問題重點(diǎn)名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納 :8.含有插入語的名詞性從句 . 語序問題. 連接詞that,what ,whi名詞性從句在句中要用_語序,從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于_ 1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.what will man look likeB. what m

9、an will look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like陳述總結(jié)歸納：2.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited 從句句首考點(diǎn)1語序問題名詞性從句在句中要用_語序,從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于_2. Our physics t

10、eacher once told us that light _ （ travel ） faster than s總結(jié)歸納：c.主句的動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用各種時(shí)態(tài)1. He said that he will go to the station.3. Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months. a.主句的動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)b.主句的動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，從句表示客觀事實(shí)，格言，諺語等 ，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)went

11、has beenwould考點(diǎn)2時(shí)態(tài)問題2. Our physics teacher once to何時(shí)開會(huì)還沒有決定。 When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。單個(gè)的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用_形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則用_形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞用_形式。 總結(jié)歸納：單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)hasWhen they will start and where they will go_(be)still unknown.何時(shí)何地開會(huì)還沒

12、有決定。When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .arehas單數(shù)考點(diǎn)3 主謂一致問題何時(shí)開會(huì)還沒有決定。 When the meeting wiHow and why he did the experiment are unknown to all.2. How he did the experiment and why he did the experiment is unknown to all.3. When he did the experiment has not been decide

13、d yet.判斷下列句子是否正確 isare How and why he did the experim基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+ that . + (should) do a. It is important (necessary, natural, strange, advisable etc)+that b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc)+that c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+th

14、at1. It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to take C. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told總結(jié)歸納：考點(diǎn)4虛擬語氣 a)主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+ that We suggested that the meeting _A.should put off B.be put off C. was

15、 put off D.putting off總結(jié)歸納：表示建議、要求、命令,堅(jiān)持等動(dòng)詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的從句謂語動(dòng)詞用 _注意suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時(shí)，insist 表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，從句按需要來選擇時(shí)態(tài)(should) + do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.was考點(diǎn)4虛擬語氣 b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣We sugge

16、sted that the meeting a. IwishI_(know)theanswer now. b. Iwishhe _(pass)theexam yesterday.c. IwishI_ (fly)tothemooninafewyears. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語用過去時(shí)對(duì)過去虛擬時(shí)，用had過去分詞對(duì)將來虛擬時(shí)，用would(might等)動(dòng)詞原形knewhadpassedwouldfly總結(jié)歸納：考點(diǎn)4虛擬語氣 b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣a. IwishI_(know)thea 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, adv

17、ice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即_His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2. The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop總結(jié)歸納：(should) + do/be done考點(diǎn)4虛擬語氣 c)表語和同位語從句

18、中的虛擬語氣 在 suggestion, proposal, idea,1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeting.itIt找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)歸納：當(dāng)主語從句較長，而謂語較短時(shí)，常常將從句_，而用it作為形式主語置于句首。it 也可作形式賓語。 后置形式賓語形式主語考點(diǎn)5 it作形式主語和形式賓語that we spent so much money

19、on these books.when and where we will hold oursports meeting.1. I think that worthwhile th用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is 名詞 從句 It is a fact that 事實(shí)是 It is an honor that 非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)(2) It is 形容詞 從句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It 不及物動(dòng)詞 從句 It seems that 似乎 It happe

20、ned that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) It be+ 過去分詞 從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道 It has been proved that 已證實(shí) It is said that 據(jù)說 用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is 名詞 從We think it important that we learn a foreign language.We consider it our duty to clean our classroom every day. 該句型中的it 作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為： 6123結(jié)構(gòu) 6 指主

21、句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ； 1 指的是形式賓語it ； 2 指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞 ； 3 指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語或that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 We think it important that we 1. _ is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London. 2. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be

22、held.A. this B. that C. it D. these _ is known to us all, the 2012Olympic Games will take place in London._ is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.A. It B. What C. As D. WhichItAsWhat1. _ is known to us all th總結(jié)歸納：_等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，而 _等只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。whatev

23、erno matter what_ you go and _you do, Ill be right here waiting for you.whereverwhateverNo matter whereno matter what任何最后離開房間的人應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。_ought to turn off the light.他所有的東西都被日本士兵占領(lǐng)了。_was seized by the Japanese soldiers.Whoever leaves the room lastWhatever he hadb) whatever /whoever/無論,不管however/whomeve

24、r/whichever/ 考點(diǎn)6 連接詞 讓步狀語從句總結(jié)歸納：_等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，wh1She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to doit takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever2. _,mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late he is B. However he is late C. No matter how late he is

25、 D. No matter how he is late3_wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. WhoExercises1She is very dear to us. We hThat he wants to go there is obvious.I am sure that he will come tomorrow.The news that our team won the match inspired us.The result is that w

26、e won the game.無無賓語從句中可省，其余不可省是否無主語，賓語，表語有1）that 與whether 的區(qū)別( )1.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (05廣東卷) 2. We doubt _ he will defeat the others.3.The problem is _ we have enough time .4.It doesnt matter _ you come or not5.It all depends on_the sky i

27、s going to clear up.6.He doesnt know _ to stay or not.A.if B. that C. / D. whetherwhether/ifwhetherwhatthatwhetherwhetherwhether2）whether 和if的區(qū)別That表確定whether表是否只能使用whether 不用if 的情況：a. 主語從句b. 表語從句c. 同位語從句e. 介詞后的賓語從句f. 直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用whether （to do）g whether or not 直接連用時(shí)不用if1._(What/That /whether) was mo

28、st important to her, she told me, was her family. （ 08山東卷）2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what3._made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. AWhatwhetherBWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecauseWhat與

29、 that 的區(qū)別缺少成分即主，語，表語時(shí)用what考點(diǎn)連接詞c).that/whether/whatWhatwhetherThat he wants to go there is o4. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. （04天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where（08重慶卷）33. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their

30、best to help those in need since the disaster.A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however2. （08北京卷）The companies are working together to create _they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. whothe place高考鏈接3. (09浙江）10Is there any possibility _ you

31、could pick me up at the airport?No problem.A. When B. that C. whether D. what4. A modern city has been set 1)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matterPerseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. why B. what C. t

32、hat D. wherewhat =allthat,everythingthat 含義：表示“的東西或事情”： what =allthat,everythingt 1) He is no longer what he was. 他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個(gè)樣子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人們通常所說的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是誰把弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子的？ 2) I want to be loved and liked for_ I am inside. A.

33、who B. where C. what D. howwhat 含義：“的人或的樣子” （身份或地位）what 含義：“的人或的樣子” （身份或地位） A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. when C. where D. that This is what they call Salt Lake City. 這就是他們稱為鹽湖城的地方。what =allthat,everythingthat 含義：的地方what =allthat,everythingth 1) At last

34、 the soldier reached _ the locals called the Golden Triangle. A. what B. when C. where D. that 2) In some countries,_ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public. A. which B. what C. where D. thatWhat one calls ./ What s called 含義：所謂的 ;人們稱之為的What one calls ./ What s 1)Hes _ as a bellyach

35、er-hes always complaining about something A. who is known B. whom is known C. what is known D. which is known 2)_ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How What one knows as / What s known as What one regards as / Whats regarded as 含義：人們稱之為的

36、 What one knows as / Wh同位語從句前的名詞是一個(gè)具有抽象意味的名詞。從句就是其內(nèi)容。that在從句中_成分。而定語從句就是對(duì)前先行詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)代替先行詞在從句中_句子成分。1. （09江西）The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. what B. which C. that D. though2. The suggestion _he raised at the meeting is very good. A. wh

37、ich B. that C. what D. /3. The suggestion _ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /總結(jié)：不充當(dāng)充當(dāng)做題順序：“二看”一看_是否完整；二看_確定答案。從句句意考點(diǎn)7同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句前的名詞是一個(gè)具有抽象意味的名詞。從句就是其內(nèi)容。1.I think, though I could be mistaken, _ she liked me. A. who B. which C. that D. wh

38、at2. He told me the news, believe it or not, _ he had earned $1 000 in a single day. A. that B. which C. as D. because3. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A. ItB. ThisC. What D. As考點(diǎn)8 含有插入語的名詞性從句she told methough I could be mistakenbelieve it or not1.I think, though I could b

39、e m名詞性從句在寫作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用:寫作中,得高分的方法之一: 改造低級(jí)句型,讓你的英語靚起來.What he gave me was not only a Christmas present but also a heart full of love.主語從句原句:He gave me something. And it was a Christmas present and a heart full of love. 2個(gè)簡單句名詞性從句在寫作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用:寫作中,得高分的方法之一: 改名詞性從句在寫作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用:Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. 原句:Some of the happiest people in the world are those people.Those people help to bring happiness to others. Volunteers believe it . 3個(gè)簡單句前2句可以合成定語從句Some of the happiest people in the world are