英語必修12的講義和習(xí)題2unit4wildlife protection語法

1、 PAGE 第 5 - 頁 簡單學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)課程講義學(xué)科：英語專題：必修2：Unit4 Wildlife protection 語法主講教師：林斌 北京八十中學(xué)英語高級(jí)教師 HYPERLINK / 北京市海淀區(qū)上地東路1號(hào)盈創(chuàng)動(dòng)力大廈E座702B免費(fèi)咨詢電話 4008-110-818總機(jī)篇語現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于表示目前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)也可表示現(xiàn)階段在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老師正在給我們上英語課。The farmers are getting in their crop

2、s. 農(nóng)民們正在收割莊稼。We are making preparations for the conference. 我們一直在為會(huì)議作準(zhǔn)備?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“am / is / are + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。Im studying at Yu Cai Senior Middle school. 我在育才中學(xué)讀書。He is writing on the desk. 他在課桌上寫字。They are talking about their visit to the Great Wall. 他們?cè)谡務(wù)撚伍L城的事情。題一：Ill go to the library as soon as

3、 I finish what I_.A. was doing B. am doingC. have done D. had been doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和now，right now，at this moment等時(shí)間狀語及動(dòng)詞look，listen等連用，這是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的“暫時(shí)性”特征。I m sitting on a rock near the river with my friends.我和朋友們正坐在河邊的石頭上。Mother is preparing supper in the kitchen. 母親在廚房做晚飯。題二：Look at the stud

4、ents over there. What _ ？A. do they do B. are they doing C. they are doing D. is he doing 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但是說話時(shí)不一定在發(fā)生，常和 these days ，this week，at present等時(shí)間狀語連用，這是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的“階段性”特征。We are enjoying our boat trip very much.（這幾天）我們坐船旅游非常高興。 We are having a wonderful time. 我們（這幾天）玩得很開心。題三：With more

5、 forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed awayC. are washing away D. are being washed away題四：That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _ the piano upstairs?A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing有些非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動(dòng)作即將進(jìn)行或發(fā)生，或表

6、示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)。He is joining the army. 他要參軍了。They are buying the house. 他們要買那座房子。題五：An airbus has begun taking orders from Chinese customers on the mainland and _more this year.A. is expecting B. has begun expectingC. will expect D. has expected現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不過這種用法只限于arrive，begin，come，drive，fly（乘飛機(jī)），go，g

7、o off，get to，leave，return，see off，stay，take（帶走），take off（起飛）等動(dòng)詞。When are you going off to Guangzhou？How are you getting to the airport？題六：I ve won a two-day holiday to Florida. I _ my mumA. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中有always, forever, constantly, continually, all the t

8、ime, again修飾時(shí)，表示說話人的贊賞或厭煩的感情。He s always coming late他總是遲到。（表示厭惡） They are always helping us. 他們總是幫助我們。題七：The girl _ always_ loudly in public.A. is; talking B. is; to talk C. was; to talk D. were; talking不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞 1. 事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, mea

9、sure, continueI have two brothers.This house belongs to my sister. 2. 心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hateI need your help.He loves her very much.3. 瞬間動(dòng)詞 accept, receive, complete, finish, gi

10、ve, allow, decide, refuse.I accept your advice.4. 系動(dòng)詞seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turnYou seem a little tired. 題八：Look at the pride on Toms face. He_ to have been praised by the manager just now.A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成am

11、/ is / are + being + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. Trees are being planted over there by them.不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的情況：要想正確地使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動(dòng)詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動(dòng)詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的情況：appear, die（死亡）,disappe

12、ar（消失）, end (vi. 結(jié)束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. After the fire, very little remained of my house.題一：判斷下列句子正誤。The price has been risen. The price has risen. The accident happened last week. The acciden

13、t was happened last week. The price has raised. The price has been raised. Please seat. Please be seated. 不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的情況：不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into,

14、 belong toThis key just fits the lock.不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的情況：謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語是反身代詞（oneself）或者相互代詞（each other，one another）時(shí)不可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。如：She found herself in a valley. 不能說成Herself was found in the valley. They often fight with each other. 不能說成Each other are often fought with.不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的情況：帶同源賓語的及物動(dòng)詞，反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。die, d

15、eath, dream, live, life She dreamed a bad dream last night.不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的情況：系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)（“keep”除外）： appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turnIt sounds good.題二：As soon as he heard the loud noise, he went out to see what _. A. was happening B. was happened C. has happened D. will happen講義參考答案現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)題一：答案：B題二：答案：B題三：答案：D題四：答案：D題五：答案：A題六：答案：A題七：答案：A題八：答案：B現(xiàn)