高考英語虛擬語氣總結(jié)課件

1、虛擬語氣The Subjunctive Mood英語動詞有三種語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣，虛擬語氣。一 陳述語氣用來陳述一個事實，或提出一個看法。有肯定，否定，疑問或感嘆等形式。There are two sides to every question.They didnt watch fireworks yesterday evening.What can I do for you ?例如:Shall I turn on the radio?How disappointed Tom was !What lovely flowers those are!三 虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的話不是事實，而

2、是一種與事實相反的假設，愿望，猜測或建議等等。三 虛擬語氣 （一）在條件句中的用法1 與現(xiàn)在事實相反條件狀語從句謂語主句謂語動詞過去式Should/would/ could /might+動詞原形例如:If I had time now, we should read it again.If she knew about it, she would come.If he were here, everything would be all right.2 與過去事實相反條件狀語從句謂語主句謂語had +過去分詞should/would/could/might +have +過去分詞3 與將來事

3、實相反條件狀語從句謂語主句謂語動詞過去式Should/would/could/might +V原形Should +V 原形were to +V原形補充1.Without (沒有),but for(要不是), otherwise(否則),這些詞可以表示某種假設情況,從而省略條件句.I was busy last week ,otherwise I would have come to see you .= I was busy last week ,if I had not been busy last week, I would have come to see you 例如1:If you

4、had followed the doctors advice (then), you would be all right now.如果你那時聽了醫(yī)生的話,你現(xiàn)在就好了.(主句與從句發(fā)生的時間不同,應按照主句與從句各自的時間做調(diào)整.)If you had followed the doctors advice, you would have been all right then.如果你那時聽了醫(yī)生的話,你那時就好了.(主句與從句發(fā)生的時間同時.)例如2:If you had watered them more ,the crops would be growing still better

5、.如果你再給莊稼多澆些水,他們會長得更好.(指現(xiàn)在長得更好.)If you had watered them more, the crops would have grown still better.(表示對過去的虛擬)如果你早就給莊稼多澆些水,他們就會長得更好例如3如果到現(xiàn)在我還沒有寫完作文,我明天就還得寫它.(從句表示與過去事實相反,主句表示與將來事實相反.)If I hadnt finished my composition by now, I would be working on it tomorrow.如果他昨天把功課都準備好的話,他現(xiàn)在就不會這么困難.If he had pre

6、pared well for his lessons yesterday, he wouldnt have so many difficulties now.補充三:倒裝形式表示虛擬條件句從句中有were ,had ,should或would等詞語,可以將if省略,同時were ,had ,should或would提至句首,構(gòu)成倒裝.表示虛擬條件(1) If I should meet her, I would tell her.=should I meet her, I would tell her.(萬一)(2) If I were in your position, I would do

7、 it better.=were I in your position, I would do it better.(3).If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded.= Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded.2表示與過去事實相反的愿望，或表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的一件遺憾事，謂語動詞用“had +動詞過去分詞”。I wish I had studied very hard.He wishes he hadnt spent so much money.3表示將來難以實

8、現(xiàn)的或很可能相反的愿望，謂語動詞用“would/could+動詞原形”。I wish he would be more careful.I wish he would do the job better. She wishes I would go with her.例如:It is natural that he should say so.It is necessary that the problem should be discussed at once.例如It is really strange that the girl _ so early.A. has been marrie

9、d B. has marriedC. be marriedD. would marryC例如He suggested that we should visit the palace right away.She proposed that the meeting be put off.He ordered that they should start off immediately.I demanded that he should answer me at once.在表示建議，要求，命令等名詞之后的表語從句，同位語從句中，通常用“should+動詞原形”。這些名詞有：idea, propo

10、sal, order suggestion,decesion, adviceHis proposal is that the meeting (should) be put off.Our suggestion is that you (should) be the first to go.4.as if ,as thoughas if ,as though引導的從句可以用來表示猜測，假定，謂語動詞在從句中用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用“had+過去分詞”表示與過去事實相反。He is running about as if he were amad man.They talked as th

11、ough they had been friends for years.一試身手1.It seems as if it _rain.A. will B. is going to C. is to D. were going to 2.you talk as if you _there.A. were really B. has really beenC. had really been D. would really beBC5.在“Its (about, high) time + that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中謂語動詞用過去式表示一種建議，意思是“該做某事了”。You look so tired tonight. Its time you went to bed.Its high time you got up.It is time we started off.6.if only句型“要是該多好??！”謂語動詞用法同wish,謂語動詞用過去式，過去完成式,或would/could/shoud/might+動詞原形表示虛擬語氣。If only I could see him now.If only I hadnt lost it.7.would ratherhad rather后跟從句，謂語動詞通常用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在或者將來的虛擬，用過去完成式表