高中英語語法要點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

1、(圓滿word版)高中英語語法重點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(圓滿word版)高中英語語法重點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)16/16(圓滿word版)高中英語語法重點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)高考語法重點(diǎn)和易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)語法一=從句從句的做題思路=判斷是什么從句一、對(duì)于定語從句（前提：懂得判斷是哪一種從句）1修飾某一名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。2連結(jié)詞that/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/asWhat/how既起連結(jié)作用/有充任句子成分3先行詞n./pron被定語從句修飾的依照先行詞選擇連結(jié)詞物：which/that/whose人：who/whom/that/whose時(shí)間：when/which/that地址：wher

2、e/which/thatReason:從句圓滿why/forwhich；從句不圓滿which/that/-Way:從句圓滿inwhich/that/-;從句不圓滿which/that/-Idontlikethewayyouspeaktoyourparents.Hefoundthewaywasreasonabletosolvetheproblem.答案：inwhich/that；which/that當(dāng)先行詞與連結(jié)詞后邊的名詞n存在所屬關(guān)系時(shí)（的）物：whose+n.=ofwhich+the+n.=the+n.+ofwhich人：whose+n.=ofwhom+the+n.=the+n.+ofwh

3、omTheroom,ofwhichthewindowfacessouthismine.Thegirl,whosefatherdiedisourmonitor.4只能用that不能夠用which(重點(diǎn)前5種情況)1）當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞，如all，everything，anything，nothing，much，few，little，none，theone等。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.（2）先行詞被all,few，little，no，every等詞修飾時(shí)。Thereisnodifficultythatwecantovercome.（3）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高等修

4、飾時(shí)。ThisisthefirstletterthatIvewritteninJapanese.（4）先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast等修飾時(shí)ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.（5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.（6）當(dāng)先行詞是系動(dòng)詞be后邊的表語或連結(jié)詞自己是從句的表語時(shí)。Chinaisntthecountrythatsheusedtobe50yearsago.7）當(dāng)主句是以who，which或what開頭的特別疑問句時(shí)。Whois

5、themanthatiswaitingatthebusstop？5永遠(yuǎn)不用that=介詞/逗號(hào)此后6當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間/地址時(shí)when/where/that/which/-When=介詞+which=介詞+時(shí)間Where=介詞+which=介詞+地址1Which/that=時(shí)間/地址當(dāng)從句圓滿時(shí)，用When/Where/介詞+which當(dāng)從句不圓滿時(shí)，用which/that/-Thisisthefactoryinwhich/wherehisparentsusedtowork.1.Thelibrary_studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.2.Thelibrary

6、,_wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.3.Thelibrary_youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentoncampus.Illevernforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.答案：where/inwhich；which/that；which/that；when/onwhich；that/which；_that/which7.as與which的比較：1）在非限制性定語從句中，

7、均可取代整個(gè)主句.如從句在主句此后，兩者皆可用；如從句在主句從前，用as。Theyfailedintheexam，as/whichisnatural.Asisknowntoall，theearthmovesaroundthesun.（2）as“正如，就像”Which“這一點(diǎn)/這個(gè)/這件事”Heiscareless,whichcausedtheaccident.Heislateagain,as/whichweexpected.8.當(dāng)先行詞被thesame，such，so修飾時(shí)，Thisisthesamebookasyouboughtyesterday.同一類.that同一個(gè)Thiswassodi

8、fficultaproblemaswecouldntworkout.（后邊句子不圓滿）Thiswassodifficultaproblemthatwecouldntworkitout.（后邊句子圓滿）Thiswassuchadifficultproblem9.其他，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)相一致。如：Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacher.分析：在句中，先行詞foreigner被only修飾，重申只有一個(gè)，因此從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，而在句中，who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞thestudents為復(fù)數(shù)，因此從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)

9、。感悟：學(xué)生之因此在這一點(diǎn)上經(jīng)常出錯(cuò)，主若是對(duì)定語從句的理解不夠深刻，分辨不出主句和從句，對(duì)句子成分的掌握也不到位，搞不清關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在從句中充任何種句子成分。因此要做好這一類題，要第一弄清關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法，而且應(yīng)善于分辨和分析句子構(gòu)造及其相應(yīng)成分，這樣才能因材施教，迅速正確地找到瓿之所在。二、名詞性從句主語從句WhatIsayistrue賓語從句HewontbelievewhatIsay.表語從句ThatiswhatIsaid.同位語從句ItoldthemthenewsthatRocketswonthegametoday.差異什么從句應(yīng)看主句，主句不圓滿時(shí)從句必定是名詞性從句。

10、主句圓滿時(shí)，從句可能是定語從句，狀語從句，或許同位語從句。Ihaveforgottenwherewewentyesterday.2Wherewewentyesterdayiscoveredwithallkindsofflowers.Oh!Thisiswherewecameyesterday.Thisistheplacewherewecameyesterday.Here,hemadethepromisethathewouldcomehere10yearslater.Iwillmakeamarkwherehemadethepromise.需要用什么引導(dǎo)詞看從句。名詞性從句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引

11、導(dǎo)詞;缺名詞性成份時(shí)，指人用who/whom，指物用what;不缺意思和成份時(shí)用that。That只有在賓語從句中能夠省略。1._theOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisknown.A.不填B.Whenever2.Thereisacommonbeliefamongthem_rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that3.Hesboughtacottageforheretires,withthemoneyhesaved.A.WhenB.whereC.whatD.which(哪一個(gè)、哪一些)

12、答案DDA-ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanbelongstoChina.-DoyouthinkitpossiblethatwetakeoverTaiwan?-Ofcourse.It經(jīng)常在句中當(dāng)形式主語、賓語，取代真實(shí)的主語、賓語，以防備有頭無尾。Itisprettywellunderstood_controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmospheretoday.Whydontyoubring_tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?答案CD表“可否”時(shí)只用whether不用if:1.Whet

13、herthepresidentwillcomeisnotknownyet.(主從)Theproblemiswhetherweneedit.（表從）3.Theproblemwhetherwewillbuildanotherschoolhasntbeensettled.（同位語從句）4.HewasworriedaboutwhetherhepassedtheEnglishexamination.（介詞此后）5.Itdoesntmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.（whetheror/ornot）Idontknowwhethertogo.（動(dòng)詞不定式從前）差異：that引導(dǎo)的定

14、語從句與同位語從句定語從句與前面的的名詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系，“的名詞”，而同位語從句是用來說明前面名詞的內(nèi)容。與that從句同位的名詞必定是一些表示事實(shí)或見解的抽象名詞，如fact,news,belief,truth,reply等。That在定語從句中必定作成分，可用which或who/whom取代，而that在同位語從句中不充任任何句子成分，只起連結(jié)作用。如：AlongwiththeletterwashispromisethathewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.3Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthatwevisitedth

15、reemonthsago.分析：在句中，that引導(dǎo)同位語從句講解說明promise的內(nèi)容，that不充任任何句子成分，只起連結(jié)作用，而在句中，that在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句中作動(dòng)詞visited的賓語，對(duì)先行詞thechickenfarm起修飾作用。感悟：學(xué)生之因此在這一點(diǎn)上簡單出錯(cuò)，主要仍是由于對(duì)定語從句的理解不夠深刻，分辨不出that在從句中可否充任了句子成分，因此，還需在句子分析上下功夫，而且搞清何謂同位語從句。三、狀語從句（主句圓滿，從句和主句之間不存在修飾關(guān)系的，一般就是狀從）對(duì)于when/while/as都有“當(dāng)時(shí)”WhenIarrived,hehadalreadyleft.Mary

16、askedmetocareforherpetwhileshewasaway.（當(dāng)時(shí)）Asthesunsetinthewest,itbecamedarkeranddarker.Astimegoesby/astheeconomydevelopsWhen(正在這時(shí))Beabouttodo.WhenBedoingwhenHadjustdonewhenBeonthepointofdoingwhenwhileHelikespopmusicwhileIamfondofclassicalmusic.(而)Maryaskedmetocareforherpetwhileshewasaway.（當(dāng)時(shí)）WhileIu

17、nderstandwhatyousay,Icantagreewithyou.（誠然）asA.隨著+句子astimewentbyastheeconomydevelopsB.像+句子Itlooksalittleuglyasitis.C.作為+短語treat/regard/consider/thinkof/lookonas（把作為來對(duì)待）D.由于+句子because/since/forAsyouareSenior3students,youshouldsparenoeffort/painstostudy.E.正如/就像4Asisknowntoall/weallknow,TaiwanbelongstoC

18、hina.Asanoldsayinggoes,itsnotuntiltheDragonBoatFestivalthatwecanputawaywarmclothes.2.對(duì)于since/before/untilItis/hasbeenseveralmonthssincewelastspenttheholidayinthecountrytogether.Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.BeforeHeleftbeforeIcouldsay“thankyou”tohim.來不及ThreeyearspassedbeforeIknewit.才I

19、twontbelongbeforewehaveamonthlyexam.Itwillbetenyearsbeforewemeetagain.Itwastenyearsbeforetheymetagain.Until/till(主句謂語連續(xù)性)Notuntil(主句謂語短暫性)GeorgeworkedforIBMuntil/till2000.直到湊近，我才認(rèn)出他。Untilhecameuptome,Irecognizedhim.（此句錯(cuò)誤）=Ididntrecognizehimuntilhecameuptome.3.對(duì)于“一就”HardlywhenNosoonerthanAssoonasThem

20、oment/time/minute/second+句子Immediately/instantly/directly+句子Ondoing/名詞Hardly(Nosooner)hadIgothomewhen(than)therainpoureddown.Themomentshesawtherobber,shescreamed.Instantlyhesawthedrowninggirl,hejumpedintotheriver.Uponarrival/Onarrival/Onarriving,Iwillpayavisittoyoufirst.4.Itis/was+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+when與重申句型的差異It

21、wasmidnightIfellasleep.Itwasatnoonwearrivedinthevillage.D.that答案AD5.Unless若是不（除非）/if若是_yougoallouttodothework,Idontthinkyoucanachieveyourgoalasplanned.D.TillHeneverspeaks_heisspokento,forheisnotmuchofaspeaker.5D.until答案ACasif(though)憂如/憂如/憂如+真實(shí)/虛假evenif/though即使8.incase/forfearthat以防/惟恐9.What/whatev

22、er/nomatterwhat;how/however/nomatterhowWhat(ever)+名詞How(ever)+形容詞/副詞Whateverdifficultieswemeetwith,itisbesttofacethemandtrytosolvethem.Howeverlateitis,Illwaitforyou.Nomatterhowbusyheis,heisreadytohelpothers.Nomatter+疑問詞=引導(dǎo)狀從疑問詞+ever=引導(dǎo)名從/狀從Whateveryousay,Iwontbelieveyou.=Nomatterwhat（狀語從句）Iwontbelie

23、vewhateveryousay.=anythingthat（賓語從句）Whoever/Nomatterwhocomes,dontlethimin.（狀語從句）Whoever/Anyonewholeaveslastshouldturnoffthelights.（主語從句）Where+句子（特別是引導(dǎo)地址狀從和定從的差異）Ihaveforgottenwherewewentyesterday.Wherewewentyesterdayiscoveredwithallkindsofflowers.Oh!Thisiswherewecameyesterday.Thisistheplacewhere/inw

24、hichwecameyesterday.Iwillmakeamarkwheretheteacheremphasizes.語法二=非謂語非謂語做題思路1判斷主被動(dòng)2判斷時(shí)間（要發(fā)生/正在進(jìn)行/已達(dá)成）非謂語與其邏輯主語（即動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或承受者）之間有三種關(guān)系，如為主謂關(guān)系，則用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式的主動(dòng)式；如為被動(dòng)關(guān)系則用過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)（重申動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）或不定式的被動(dòng)式（動(dòng)作將進(jìn)行）；如既無主動(dòng)也無被動(dòng)關(guān)系則只能用狀語從句或獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造（即非謂語加上自己的邏輯主語）。Judging/considering/genrallyspeaking/supposing指說話者的動(dòng)作，故只用主動(dòng)式。

25、如：Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtimepassingtheexam.分析：從這個(gè)句子能夠看出，句詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語he一致，而且是主謂關(guān)系，因此用了現(xiàn)在的分詞作狀語，同時(shí)，分詞的動(dòng)作明顯地發(fā)生在句子的謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作從前，故采用了現(xiàn)代分詞的達(dá)成式。InordertoimproveEnglish,_.A.Jennysfatherboughtheralotoftapes.B.Jennysfatherboughtalotoftapesforherself.6C.AlotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny.D.Alotoft

26、apeswereboughtbyJennyfather.分析：依照不定式短語我們能夠推知，句子的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是人而不是物，因此，應(yīng)該除掉CD，再就是應(yīng)該是Jenny提高自己的英語，而不是她爸爸，故答案先B.，wedecidedtogooutforawalk.分析：主句主語we與動(dòng)詞短語befine之間既無主動(dòng)關(guān)系與無被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此要加上自己的邏輯主語It，由于不存在主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故不能夠選C項(xiàng)，而應(yīng)入選D項(xiàng)。moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.分析：give與主句的主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)選A.如為主動(dòng)關(guān)系則選C.易出錯(cuò)的問題一般都是學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中

27、對(duì)知識(shí)理解不深刻或能力短缺的地方，應(yīng)實(shí)時(shí)糾錯(cuò)和成立“錯(cuò)題檔案”，還應(yīng)“小題大做”，存心地把一些易錯(cuò)題予以歸類，找出錯(cuò)誤根源，總結(jié)規(guī)律。非謂語=不能夠做謂語的動(dòng)詞形式1Doing主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行eg.Themanstandingthereismyteacher.2beingdone被動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行eg.Ithinkthebookbeingwrittenbyhimwillsellwell.3havingdone主動(dòng)已經(jīng)達(dá)成只能做狀語eg.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplay.4havingbeendone被動(dòng)已經(jīng)達(dá)成只能做狀語egHavingbeentaken

28、careofwell,theoldmanrecoveredsoon.5done被動(dòng)已經(jīng)達(dá)成fallenleaves(這里表達(dá)成，不表被動(dòng))6（onlyjust）todo主動(dòng)將來7tobedoing主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行8tobedone被動(dòng)將來9tohavedone主動(dòng)達(dá)成10（tohavebeen）done被動(dòng)達(dá)成非謂語Havingdone所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)作從前達(dá)成，一般放句首做狀語。非謂語doing所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生和謂語動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)進(jìn)行。Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHa

29、waiialready,Ididnttakemuchnotice.Havingstudiedvolcanoesnowformanyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.Walkinginthewayofbackhome,suddenlyIsawastorecoveredwithsmoke.、不定式表猜想之外的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在分詞表自但是然的結(jié)果。Ihurriedhome,onlytofindnobodyin.Hisparentsdiedearly,leavinghimalone.*onlyt

30、odo與doing作結(jié)果狀語的用法“onlytodo做結(jié)”果狀語表猜想之外的結(jié)果，尤指不快樂的結(jié)果?！癲oing”做結(jié)果狀語表示必定結(jié)果與主句之間含有邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。7語法三=虛假語氣（一）if虛假從句主句與現(xiàn)在相反bewereWould/should/could/might+V原dodid與過去相反BehadbeenWould/should/could/might+havedone/beendohaddone1.Bewere;與將來相反dodidWould/should/could/might+V原2.wereto+V原3.shoulddo注：1、ifIwereyouWereIyouifI

31、hadfinisheditHadIfinisheditifitshouldrainShoulditrain2、句型=(要不是)Ifitwerenotfor.Would/should/could/might+do/be=WereitnotforIfithadnotbeenfor.Would/should/could/might+havedone/beenHaditnotbeenforIfitwerenotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoItaly.Ifithadntbeenfortheexpense,IwouldhavegonetoItaly.IvediscoveredIposs

32、essalargenumberofdifferenttalentsandskillsthatIneverwouldhavethoughtwerewithinmehaditnotbeenformybeingopentotryingnewopportunities.3、Without/butfor=(要不是)Withoutyou,Iwouldnthavegotfullmark.（二）、Ifonly/Wish+現(xiàn)在：beweredodidIfonly/Wish+過去：behadbeendohaddoneIfonly/Wish+將來：could/should/would+doAsif/though也適

33、用Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.Itseemsasifitweretorain.注：mayyou+V原(三)動(dòng)詞：Insist/suggest/advise/recommend/propose/order/command/demand/require/request/desire+(should)do注：動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞和句型也用（should）do表虛假suggestion/order/adviceItssuggested/orderedthat+（四）Itsnecessary/important/vitalthat(should)do(五)Its(high/about

34、)timethatshoulddo/did8(六)wouldrather+句子1、對(duì)現(xiàn)在/將來虛假用did2、對(duì)過去虛假用haddone虛假語氣在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。ifmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.ifyouhadstudiedhardatschool,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.句子都是虛假語氣在條件句中的使用，從句中都是假定過去的情況，因此用過去達(dá)成時(shí)，但在主句中，句仍舊指代過去的情況，謂語動(dòng)詞是wouldhavedone，而中含有一個(gè)表示現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間狀語

35、now,這樣就必定將其理解為假定現(xiàn)在的情況，因此謂語動(dòng)詞必定為would/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形，學(xué)生在這一點(diǎn)上經(jīng)常會(huì)忽略now的存在，進(jìn)而按句的形式填寫答案。語法四=神情動(dòng)詞表猜想must只用于必定句/表示很有掌握的猜想/翻譯成“必定/必定”；can/could用于疑問句和否認(rèn)句；may/might用于必定句/表示沒有掌握的猜想/翻譯成“可能或許”mustnthavedone絕對(duì)錯(cuò)/是無效選項(xiàng)must必定，“不用”用neednt/donthavetomustnt禁止/禁止一、神情動(dòng)詞+do/be表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在行為或動(dòng)作進(jìn)行猜想Youvebeenworkingallday.Youmus

36、tbeverytired.Someoneisknockingonthedoor.ItcantbeLucy.Shesstillinthelibraryatthistime.二、神情動(dòng)詞+havedone/havebeen表示對(duì)過去行為或動(dòng)作進(jìn)行猜想a.musthavedone表示對(duì)過去某事的必定猜想。其否認(rèn)或疑問形式都用can(could)來表示.Sincetheroadiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.Hecanthavemissedtheway.Idrewhimamap.“Thedictionaryhasdisappeared.Whocould/canhavet

37、akenit?”b.may/mighthavedonemay/mighthavedone表示推斷過去某事“或許”發(fā)生了.Icantfindmykeys.Imay/mighthaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.c.couldhavedone在必定句型中,經(jīng)常用作宛轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)怪.本能夠做什么,而沒做;有時(shí)也用作猜想.Youcouldhavedoneitbetter.Tomcouldhavetakenthedictionary.d.oughtto/shouldhavedone和oughtnotto/shouldnthavedone本該做而事實(shí)上沒做本不該做而事實(shí)上做了nee

38、dnthavedone本不用做卻做了Theusageof“shall”表征采(用在第一、三人稱)Shallmydaughterdoyourshoppingforyou?9表許諾(用在第二、三人稱)HerfatherpromisedthatheshallbuyheracomputerifshepassedtheNationalCollegeEntranceExam.表命令（正式文件/場合）Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.Ithasbeenannoun

39、cedthatallthestudentsshallputonmasksbeforegoingtoschoolincasetheyareinfectedwithSARSvirus.Youshallobeymyorders.Heshallleavethecountryatonce.Foreigncountriesshallnotinterfereinourinternalaffairs.Itshallsnowtonight.(表警示)語法五=動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一、英語動(dòng)詞謂語形式包括時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)狀態(tài)過去現(xiàn)在將來時(shí)間一般一般過去一般現(xiàn)在一般將來進(jìn)行過去進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行將來進(jìn)行達(dá)成過去達(dá)成現(xiàn)在達(dá)成將來達(dá)成達(dá)

40、成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在達(dá)成進(jìn)行共16種時(shí)態(tài)，高中掌握11種。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does;am/is/are一般過去時(shí)did;was/were一般將來時(shí)willdo;am/is/aregoingtodo過去將來時(shí)woulddo;was/weregoingtodo現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing將來進(jìn)行時(shí)willbedoing現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)have/hasdone/been過去達(dá)成時(shí)haddone/been將來達(dá)成時(shí)willhavedone/been現(xiàn)在達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)Have/hasbeendoing過去達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)Hadbeendoing將來達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)Willhavebeend

41、oing二、解題技巧：1、找出題目中的有關(guān)動(dòng)詞，對(duì)它們的時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行比較，注意各個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后次序。2、記憶固定用法，比方：sofar,inthepastfewyear,for+時(shí)間段，UptonowBy+now=現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)By+過去時(shí)間=過去達(dá)成時(shí)By+將來時(shí)間=將來達(dá)成時(shí)Bytheendof+過去時(shí)間lastmonth=過去達(dá)成時(shí)Bytheendof+將來時(shí)間thismonth=將來達(dá)成時(shí)Bythetime(從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))=主句將來達(dá)成時(shí)過去將來一般過去將來過去將來進(jìn)行過去將來達(dá)成等用現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)。10Bythetime(從句一般過去時(shí))=主句過去達(dá)成時(shí)Bythetimehearrives,

42、wewillalreadyhaveleftXiamen.Bythetimehearrived,wehadalreadyleftXiamen.3、固定用法其實(shí)不是絕對(duì)的，重點(diǎn)是看語境重申的重點(diǎn)是什么。Petersaid,“IwenttoXiamentwodaysago/yesterday.”PetersaidthathehadgonetoXiamentwodaysbefore/thedaybefore.4、熟記固定公式。This/Itisthefirsttime(that)Ihavecomehere.It/Thiswasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemist

43、ake.Itis/hasbeenseveralmonthssincewelastspenttheholidayinthecountrytogether.Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.TheywerereadingwhenTomshoutedinpain.Hardly(Nosooner)hadIgothomewhen(than)therainpoureddown.Itwontbelongbeforehesucceeds.Itwastenyearsbeforethe

44、ymetagain.三、一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在達(dá)成時(shí)(P1)29.IhopeIcanseeyouatmybirthdayparty.Oh,dear,I_.Whenisit?A.almostforgotB.hadalmostforgottenC.willalmostforgetD.havealmostforgottenA.Howcanyouborrowmycomputerwithoutmypermission?Oh.Iforgottotellyou（過去忘記現(xiàn)在已想起）.Ihopeyoudontmind.haveforgotten（到現(xiàn)在還忘記）“現(xiàn)在”指的是說話的那一剎時(shí)。B.Iwonderwhat

45、hasbecomeofyourcompany?Haventyouheardaboutit（到現(xiàn)在還沒聽聞）?Itisasgoodasruinedbecauseofbadmanagement.Didntyouhearaboutit?（過去沒聽聞現(xiàn)在已聽聞）C.Imsorry,buttheresnosmokingonthisflight.Oh,Ididntknowthat.Sorry,Iwontagain.Haventknown四、havebeendoing重申素來在進(jìn)行而且還會(huì)連續(xù)下去bealwaysdoing含貶義Ithasbeenrainingforseveraldays,completel

46、yruining（損壞）tyougetridofyourbadhabit?11五、一般將來時(shí)的幾種表示法。Henry,thephoneisringing.Doyouwantmetogo?No,sitstill._.A.IllgetitB.IamtogetitC.ImgettingitD.Iamabouttogetit1Willdo（1、2、3人稱）Shalldo（第一人稱）Youwillfeelbetteraftertakingthismedicine.Weshallknowtheresultnextweek.2begoingtodo(打看作某事)Howlongishegoingtostayh

47、ere?Hesgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup.（另：表示預(yù)示，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表示將要發(fā)生某種情況）Look!Itsgoingtorain.Goodheavens!Imusthurry.Imgoingtobelate.Begoingtodo表示的妄圖平常是開初經(jīng)過考慮的，而Willdo所表示的妄圖，則是說話時(shí)辰臨時(shí)想到的。3bedoing（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來，表示按計(jì)劃、安排立刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用動(dòng)詞go,come,leave,start,arrive等）WeareleavingonFriday.ThePresidentiscomingtotheUNthisweek.He

48、iswritingtoyoutomorrow.4betodo1）表示按計(jì)劃、安排立刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Wherearetostaytonight?Therestobeaninvestigation.TheQueenistovisitJapannextyear.2）表“應(yīng)該”Youaretoblame.Tellhershesnottocomebacklate.3）beabouttodo立刻、立刻做某事，不與時(shí)間狀語連用Shewasabouttoleavewhenitrainedheavily.Tonywaswalkingonthestreetwhenhenoticedsomeonefollowingh

49、im.5一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來常有于條件/時(shí)間狀語從句。Ifshecomes,shewillgetasurprise.Itwontbelongbeforetherainstops.Waitheretillthemeetingisover.2）準(zhǔn)時(shí)間表或既定日程必定會(huì)發(fā)生的事。Thetrainleavesat7:30thisevening.12Thetermstartson1stSeptember.TomorrowisSaturday.語法六=Grammar省略Ellipse1)省略主語+be狀語從句+主從句主語一致+從句中含有be動(dòng)詞While(weare)developingtheeconomy,

50、weshouldprotecttheenvironment.Youmustbecarefulwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.When(shewas)toldofthenews,shegotveryexcited.Once(itis)seen,itcanneverbeforgotten.If(youare)bittenbyasnake,youshouldsendforhelpanddontwalk.Iwillnotgoevenif(Iam)invited.Youshouldntkeepsilentwhen(youare)spokento.Though(hewas)ex

51、hausted,hestayeduplate.Shehurriedoutoftheroom,asif(shewas)angry.2)省略itis/wasIfpossible/ifnecessary/ifso/ifnot/whennecessary3)不定式to此后的省略Wedonotvisitmyparentsasmuchasweoughtto(visitmyparents).Idontlikecoffee,butIusedto(likecoffee).Be/have不能夠省略的情況：Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.Whydidntyoucometothe

52、meeting?Iwouldhave(come),butIgotaterriblestomachache.IfIhadntgotaterriblestomachache,Iwouldhavecome.4)Thefirefightersdidall(that)theycould(do)toputoutthefire.didwhattheycouldtoputoutthefire.Theboydidwhathecouldtohelpsupporthisfamily.Theboydidall(that)hecould(do)tohelpsupporthisfamily.全力/竭盡所能語法七=Gram

53、mar反意疑問句1動(dòng)詞think/believe/suppose/guess主語第一人稱時(shí)，依從句I/Wethinkheshouldhavearest,shouldnthe?I/wedontthinktheyareright,arethey?主語第二、三人稱時(shí)，依主句Hebelievesthatnothingisimpossible,doesnthe?Youdontbelievethathedaregotherebyhimself,doyou?2神情動(dòng)詞must/can/could/may/might表猜想時(shí)，不依神情動(dòng)詞Hemustbeathomenow,isnthe?13Hemusthav

54、eknownit,hasnthe?Hemusthaveknownityesterday,didnthe?3祈使句Pleasebequiet,willyou?Yes,Iwill./No,Iwont.Dontbelateagain,willyou?Yes,Iwill./No,Iwont.Letssingtogether,shallwe?Letusgo,willyou?4前否后肯HewenttoXiamenyesterday,didnthe?Yes,hedid./No,hedidnt.HedidntgotoXiamenyesterday,didhe?Yes,hedid./No,hedidnt.語法八=代詞it、one、that的用法與差異.One泛指，指代前面提