圖書館在知識(shí)管理中的角色課件

TheRoleofLibrariesin

KnowledgeManagement

圖書館在知識(shí)管理中的角色

September20001TheRoleofLibrariesin

KnowlDoeslibraryhavearoleinknowledgemanagement?

圖書館在知識(shí)管理中的角色如何？Themanagementofinformationandknowledgehaslongbeenregardedasthedomainoflibraries.信息和知識(shí)的管理長久以來被當(dāng)作圖書館的首要職責(zé)

Librariansandinformationprofessionalsaretrainedtobeexpertsinidentifying,selecting,organizing,repackaging,disseminating,andhelping

userstoaccessinformationandknowledge.圖書館員和信息專業(yè)人員是信息和知識(shí)查詢、選擇、獲取、組織、儲(chǔ)存、再包裝、傳播和為讀者服務(wù)經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練的專家

September20002DoeslibraryhavearoleinknWhyisknowledgemanagementneedednow?(1)

為什么要進(jìn)行知識(shí)管理?Exponentialgrowthinhumanknowledgeasaresultofinteractionwiththeadvancementofscienceandtechnology.科學(xué)和科技發(fā)展及其交互影響的結(jié)果造成了人類知識(shí)的快速成長.

ThefastexpansionofInternetandWorldWideWebenablingthedisseminationandaccessofagrowingbodyofdigitalinformationandknowledgeincyberspace.由于英特網(wǎng)及萬維網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展促成了對(duì)于電子太空中不斷增加的數(shù)字信息及知識(shí)的傳遞和獲取。Therecognitionoftheimportanceofbothexplicitandtacitknowledgetoanorganization.認(rèn)識(shí)到顯形知識(shí)和隱形知識(shí)對(duì)一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的重要性.September20003WhyisknowledgemanagementneWhyisknowledgemanagementneedednow?(2)

為什么要進(jìn)行知識(shí)管理?Changingconceptfrom“knowledgeispower”to“knowledgesharingispower”從“知識(shí)是力量”改為“知識(shí)共享是力量”的觀念。

Intheknowledgeageofthe21stcentury,organizations,especiallythoseinthebusinesssector,aretryingtocapitalizeontheirorganizationalintelligencetomaintaintheircompetitiveedge.在廿一世紀(jì)的知識(shí)時(shí)代里大多數(shù)的商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)都爭箸要重用機(jī)構(gòu)的才智來保證在競爭上占優(yōu)勢。Librarians,armedbyourprofessionalknowledgeandexperiences,shouldnottakeabackseatinthemovementtowardKM.Instead,weshouldbeinthedriversseat.圖書館員不應(yīng)該坐視知識(shí)管理的發(fā)展，而是要用專業(yè)知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來武裝自己，作知識(shí)管理的駕馭者。September20004WhyisknowledgemanagementneWhatisknowledgemanagement?

什么是知識(shí)管理？Itismuchmorethaninformationanddatamanagement.它比信息和數(shù)據(jù)管理更廣.Itisalsomuchbroaderinscopethaninformationtechnology.它的范圍也比信息技術(shù)更大.Itistheprocessinwhichrelevantandusefulknowledgeisidentified,organized,merged,synthesized,andusedcreatively.它是把有關(guān)及有用的知識(shí)經(jīng)過確定，組織，合并，綜合，和創(chuàng)造性使用的過程.September20005Whatisknowledgemanagement?

Goalsofknowledgemanagement

知識(shí)管理的目標(biāo)Tomakecertainthatknowledgewillbe

要確保知識(shí)的Accumulated 累積Accessible 獲取Navigated 導(dǎo)航Developed 開發(fā)Shared 共享Renewedandcreated 創(chuàng)新

Preserved 保存September20006Goalsofknowledgemanagement

Whatistheprocessofknowledgecreationanduse?

什么是知識(shí)創(chuàng)造

和使用過程？Itis“acontinuumwheredatatransformsintoinformation,informationtransformsintoknowledgeandknowledgedrivesandunderpinsbehavioranddecision-making.”知識(shí)的創(chuàng)造及使用是一個(gè)從數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾畔?，信息轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹R(shí)，及由知識(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)所支持的人類行為和決策的一個(gè)連續(xù)的流程.

StephenAbram,“Postinformationagepositioningforspeciallibrarians:Isknowledgemanagementtheanswer?”InformationOutlook(June1997),20-21.September20007WhatistheprocessofknowledAbram’sdefinitionofdata

對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)所下的定義

Dataarerawfactsthathavenocontextormeaningontheirown.數(shù)據(jù)是沒有加工過的事實(shí)，它自身沒有預(yù)設(shè)的內(nèi)涵或意義.Thekeysuccessfactorsindatamanagementareimplementingstandardsandqualitycontrolprocedurestoallowthedatatobeusedeffectivelyandconfidently.采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化及質(zhì)量控制的程序以使得數(shù)據(jù)能夠被有效地及有信心地使用是數(shù)據(jù)管理成功的主要因素.September20008Abram’sdefinitionofdata

對(duì)于數(shù)Abram’sdefinitionofinformation

對(duì)于信息所下的定義

Informationisatangiblerepresentationofdataorknowledgewithinaspecificcontext—usuallyinsomeend-userorientedproductlikeabook,magazinearticle,orstudy.信息是數(shù)據(jù)或知識(shí)特殊內(nèi)涵的有形體現(xiàn)通常以書刊文章，或?qū)W習(xí)等與使用者有關(guān)聯(lián)的產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn).Thekeysuccessfactoristheeffectivenessoftherepresentationincommunicatingtheinformation.信息在溝通上的有效體現(xiàn)是信息成功的主要因素.

September20009Abram’sdefinitionofinformatAbram’sdefinitionofknowledge

對(duì)于知識(shí)所下的定義

Knowledgeisinformationincontextofanindividual’srole,learningbehavior,andexperiences.知識(shí)是信息在個(gè)人的角色，學(xué)習(xí)行為，及經(jīng)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)涵之內(nèi).Thekeysuccessfactorsincludethecongruitybetweentheinformationandtheindividual’sperspective.信息與個(gè)人的看法能夠調(diào)和是知識(shí)成功的主要因素.September200010Abram’sdefinitionofknowledgData,Information,Knowledge,andWisdom

數(shù)據(jù)，信息，知識(shí)，和智慧Data:Scattered,unrelatedfacts,writings,numbers,orsymbols

數(shù)據(jù)：離散，不相關(guān)的事實(shí)，文字，數(shù)據(jù)，及符號(hào)Information:Selected,organizedandanalyzeddata

信息：經(jīng)過選擇，組織，分析的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)Knowledge:Informationcombinedwithuser’sabilityandexperienceandisusedtosolveaproblemortocreatenewknowledge知識(shí)：與個(gè)人能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)結(jié)合的信息用來解決問題或創(chuàng)新Wisdom:Forwardlookingandthinkingbasedonone’svaluesandcommitment智慧：基于個(gè)人價(jià)值與信仰的前瞻性看法和思想September200011Data,Information,Knowledge,Differencebetweeninformation&knowledge

信息與知識(shí)的區(qū)別Information信息Visible有形的Independentfromactionanddecision獨(dú)立于行動(dòng)和決策Formatchangesafterprocessing經(jīng)過處理改變形態(tài)Physicalproduct物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品Independentfromexistingenvironment與環(huán)境無關(guān)Easilytransferable容易轉(zhuǎn)讓Canbeduplicated可以複製Knowledge知識(shí)Invisible無形的Closelyrelatedtoactionanddecision與行動(dòng)和決策相關(guān)Thoughtchangesafterprocessing經(jīng)過處理改變思維Spiritualproduct精神產(chǎn)品Identifiedwithexistingenvironment環(huán)境改變涵義Transferthroughlearning經(jīng)過學(xué)習(xí)才能轉(zhuǎn)讓Can’tbeduplicated無法複製September200012DifferencebetweeninformationCanknowledgebemanaged?

知識(shí)可否被管理？Thereareconcernsthatknowledgecannotandshouldnotbemanaged–when“manage”isseenas“control”.有人認(rèn)為知識(shí)不可以被管理也不應(yīng)該被管理，尤其是把管理當(dāng)作控制。Others,however,soughttotakeaprocessviewtodefineknowledgemanagement.

然而,其他人卻尋求用發(fā)展過程的觀點(diǎn)來定義知識(shí)管理.

Forexample,JanDuffydefinesitas“aprocessthatdrivesinnovationbycapitalizingonorganizationalintellectandexperience.”例如,簡.達(dá)菲把知識(shí)管理定義為“通過重用組織的智慧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來推動(dòng)革新的過程”

JanDuffy,“Knowledgemanagement:tobeornottobe?”InformationManagementJournal,v.34no.1(Jan.2000),64-67.September200013Canknowledgebemanaged?

知識(shí)可否Whatthen,isknowledgemanagement?

知識(shí)管理究竟是什么？

GartnerGroupdefinesitas“adisciplinethatpromotesanintegratedandcollaborativeapproachtotheprocessofinformationassetcreation,capture,organization,accessanduse.”甘勒集團(tuán)把知識(shí)管理定義為“一個(gè)以整合及協(xié)作方式來促進(jìn)信息資產(chǎn)的創(chuàng)造、捕獲、組織、獲取和使用過程的一種學(xué)科”。

JimBair,“Knowledgemanagementisaboutcooperationandcontext,”GartnerAdvisoryServicesResearchNote.May14,1999.September200014Whatthen,isknowledgemanageWhatarethekeyprocessesinknowledgemanagement?(1)

知識(shí)管理的主要程序是什么？AsproposedbyP.Galagan:下面是一組由加拉更提出的知識(shí)管理程序:Generatingnewknowledge創(chuàng)造新知識(shí)

Accessingknowledgefromexternalsources利用從外部資源所獲得的知識(shí)

Representingknowledgeindocuments,databases,softwareandsoforth用文件、數(shù)據(jù)庫、軟件等形式來表現(xiàn)知識(shí)

Embeddingknowledgeinprocesses,products,orservices把知識(shí)滲透到加工過程，產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)之中

September200015WhatarethekeyprocessesinWhatarethekeyprocessesinknowledgemanagement?(2)

知識(shí)管理的主要程序是什么？Transferringexistingknowledgearoundanorganization把現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)傳遍整個(gè)組織

Usingaccessibleknowledgeindecision-making在做決策時(shí)要使用到所有可能得到的知識(shí)

Facilitatingknowledgegrowththroughcultureandincentives通過組織文化和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來促進(jìn)知識(shí)的成長

Measuringthevalueofknowledgeassetsandtheimpactofknowledgemanagement測量知識(shí)資產(chǎn)的價(jià)值和知識(shí)管理的效果

P.Galagan,“Smartcompanies(knowledgemanagement),”TrainingandDevelopment,v.51no.12(1977),20-25.September200016WhatarethekeyprocessesinHowtoincreasethevalueofknowledge?

如何增加知識(shí)的價(jià)值？Closelyrelatedtotheneedsofusers與用戶需求密切相關(guān)Highaccuracyofinformationinsolvingproblems解決問題的資訊準(zhǔn)確度要高Sufficientinformationcoverage充足的資訊覆蓋量Helpuserstoeliminateuncertainty幫助用戶排除不確定性Therightinformationattherighttime,place,andfortherightperson在合適的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)將合適的資訊給合適的用戶September200017HowtoincreasethevalueofkThestrategicmodelofKM

知識(shí)管理的戰(zhàn)略模式Integratedstrategicplan整體的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃Knowledgemanagementsystem知識(shí)管理系統(tǒng)Mechanismforknowledgerenewal知識(shí)創(chuàng)新機(jī)制Customer-centeredmanagement以客戶為中心的管理Mechanismforknowledgesharing知識(shí)共享機(jī)制Increasedvalueofintellectualcapital智力資本增值September200018ThestrategicmodelofKM

知識(shí)管理Relationshipbetweenlibrariesandknowledgemanagement

圖書館和知識(shí)管理的關(guān)系

Asalearningorganization,librariesshouldprovideastrongleadershipinKM.作為一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)組織，圖書館應(yīng)該在知識(shí)管理中起帶頭作用

UnlikethosebusinessorganizationswhosegoalofKMisforcompetitiveadvantage,mostpublic,academicandresearchlibrarieshaveadifferentorientationandvalue.與那些把知識(shí)管理運(yùn)用于競爭優(yōu)勢的企業(yè)組織不同，大多數(shù)的公共，學(xué)術(shù)和研究圖書館都具有不同的使命和價(jià)值觀

Themostimportantmissionofpublic,academicandresearchlibrariesistoexpandtheaccessofknowledgefortheirusers.公共，學(xué)術(shù)和研究圖書館的最重要使命就是為其讀者擴(kuò)大知識(shí)的獲取

September200019RelationshipbetweenlibrariesWhataretheachievableKMactivitiesinlibraries?

那些是圖書館可行的知識(shí)管理活動(dòng)？Wewilllookateachofthefollowingareas:請(qǐng)看以下各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)：Knowledgeresourcesmanagement知識(shí)資源的管理Humanresourcesmanagement人力資源管理Resourcessharingandnetworking資源共享和聯(lián)網(wǎng)合作Informationtechnologydevelopment信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展

Userservices用戶服務(wù)

September200020WhataretheachievableKMactKnowledgeresourcesmanagement(1)

知識(shí)資源的管理

Developresourcesaccessstrategiesfromprintedtoelectronicanddigitalresourcesinconcertwithalibrary’smissionandcharges.要發(fā)展與圖書館的使命和職能夠保持一致的資源獲取策略從紙張印刷型到電子和數(shù)字型。Changefromownershiptoaccessandfromjustincasetojustintime.從“擁有”

到“獲取”，從“萬一”到“及時(shí)”這種概念的改變。

September200021KnowledgeresourcesmanagementKnowledgeresourcesmanagement(2)

知識(shí)資源的管理Surveyandanalyzetheneedsofusers.調(diào)查及分析使用者的需求。Developcooperativeacquisitionplansthroughnetworkedconsortium.經(jīng)由聯(lián)網(wǎng)的圖書館合作組織發(fā)展一個(gè)合作選購的計(jì)劃。Createanintegratedonlinepublicaccesscatalog(OPAC)toincludebothinternalandexternalresources.建立一個(gè)集成的網(wǎng)上公共獲取目錄，包括館內(nèi)和館外的知識(shí)資源。September200022KnowledgeresourcesmanagementKnowledgeresourcesmanagement(3)

知識(shí)資源的管理Gobeyondexplicitknowledge.要超越顯形知識(shí)。Developmeanstocapturetacitknowledge.

要設(shè)法獲取隱形知識(shí)。Usethelibrarywebsitetoserveasaportalforallsourcesofselectiveandrelevantknowledgeandinformationwhetherexplicitortacit,whetheronsiteorremote,andinallformats.圖書館的網(wǎng)站應(yīng)該作為所有篩選過的和相關(guān)的知識(shí)的窗口，不論是顯形的和隱形的，現(xiàn)場的和遠(yuǎn)距離的，及各種形式的資源。

September200023KnowledgeresourcesmanagementWhatarethedifferencesbetweenexplicitandtacitknowledge?(1)

顯形知識(shí)與隱形知識(shí)的不同之處Explicitknowledge–顯形知識(shí)--isdocumentedandpublic.是經(jīng)過文獻(xiàn)處理及公開的。

isstructured,fixed-content,externalized,andconscious.是結(jié)構(gòu)的，內(nèi)容固定的，外在的，及有意識(shí)的。September200024WhatarethedifferencesbetweWhatarethedifferencesbetweenexplicitandtacitknowledge?(2)

顯形知識(shí)與隱形知識(shí)的不同之處Tacitknowledge–隱形知識(shí)--ispersonal,undocumented,context-sensitive,dynamically-createdandderived,internalized,andexperience-based.是個(gè)人的，沒有經(jīng)過文獻(xiàn)化的知識(shí)；受內(nèi)涵影響的，由動(dòng)力所創(chuàng)造及驅(qū)動(dòng)的，內(nèi)部化的，及以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的。

oftenresidesinthehumanmind,behavior,andperception.經(jīng)常存在人的大腦中，行為上，及概念里。

--AdoptedfromJanDuffy’sdefinition.September200025WhatarethedifferencesbetweAnexampleofgoodpractice

一個(gè)好的實(shí)用例子AsapartofitsKMactivities,ArthurAndersenBusinessConsultinghasdevelopedahighlyusefulwebsite:KnowledgeSpace.作為知識(shí)管理活動(dòng)的一個(gè)部分，勤業(yè)管理顧問公司設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)利用率非常高的網(wǎng)站：“知識(shí)空間”

<http://www.KnowledgeS/splash>Itisupdatedfrequently.所提供的資訊經(jīng)常更新

Userfeedbacksareencouraged鼓勵(lì)用戶反饋各種意見

September200026Anexampleofgoodpractice

一個(gè)September200027September200027ThreetypesofknowledgeareprovidedinKnowledgeSpace

知識(shí)空間提供三種類型的知識(shí)

News–importantcompanynewsandhottopicsofinteresttoallstaffmembersworldwide.新聞：公司的主要新聞和分布在世界各地工作人員所感興趣的熱門話題。

Resources–containsGlobalBestPractices,AskNetwork,andCommunityResources.資源：它包括“全球最好的作業(yè)”,“咨詢網(wǎng)”,和“社區(qū)資源”.Connections–foractiveinteractionsanddiscussionbyspecialinterestgroupsacrossorganizationalstructureanddepartmentallines.連接：專供組織內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)及跨部門的各個(gè)特別興趣小組彼此交流和討論之用。September200028ThreetypesofknowledgearepThefrontpageofKnowledgeSapce

“知識(shí)空間”的首頁<http://www.KnowledgeS/splash></WebSite.nsf/Content/Homepage?OpenDocument>September200029ThefrontpageofKnowledgeSapSeptember200030September200030Knowledgeresourcesmanagement(4)

知識(shí)資源的管理ManylibrarieshavedevelopedtheirowntypeofKnowledgeSpace.圖書館已經(jīng)發(fā)展了它們自己獨(dú)特的“知識(shí)空間”。

Througheachlibrary’sintranet,avarietyofinternaldocuments,reports,minutes,statisticalanalyses,policiesandprocedures,manuals,bestpractices,lessonslearned,librarynews,personnelactions,etc.can

bemadeavailabletoallstaffmembers.全體工作人員可以通過圖書館的內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲得本館內(nèi)部文件、報(bào)告、會(huì)議記錄、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、政策和程序、操作手冊，“成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”、“失敗的教訓(xùn)”、內(nèi)部通告、圖書館新聞、員工活動(dòng)、培訓(xùn)和員工發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)等等。

Someofthesemayalsobemadeaccessibletothegeneralpublic.有些信息也可以開放給公眾使用。September200031KnowledgeresourcesmanagementKnowledgeresourcesmanagement(5)

知識(shí)資源的管理Agreatamountofexpertknowledgeispossessedbypeopleinsideandoutsideofeachlibrary.圖書館的館員和用戶擁有大量的專家們所具有的知識(shí)。

Thisknowledgeshouldbeinventoried,indexed,andupdatedregularlyandbemadesearchableandaccessiblethroughelectronicdatabasescreatedandmaintainedbyeachlibrary.這種專門知識(shí)應(yīng)該編入目錄和索引，并且不斷地更新，使其通過圖書館創(chuàng)建并維護(hù)的電子數(shù)據(jù)庫可以檢索及找到。September200032KnowledgeresourcesmanagementHumanresourcesmanagement(1)

人力資源管理

Theknowledgeandexperiencesoflibrarystaffaretheintellectualassetsofanylibraryandshouldbevaluedandshared.圖書館館員的知識(shí)以及所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)構(gòu)成了各類圖書館的智慧資產(chǎn)，應(yīng)該受到重視和共享。

Anorganizationalcultureforsharingofknowledgeandexpertiseshouldbecultivatedwithappropriaterewardsandincentives.使能形成一種共享知識(shí)和專業(yè)技術(shù)的組織文化，并實(shí)施恰當(dāng)?shù)莫?jiǎng)勵(lì)和鼓勵(lì)。

September200033Humanresourcesmanagement(1)Humanresourcesmanagement(2)

人力資源管理Suchanorganizationalculturecanonlybeestablishedbyastrongleadershipandcommitmentfromthelibrarydirectorandasharedvisionofthelibrarystaff.一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)合作、共享和革新的組織文化環(huán)境只有在圖書館館長的有力領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，及在圖書館館員達(dá)成共識(shí)的前題下，才能建立起來。Asalearningorganization,opportunitiesforcontinuingeducationandtrainingshouldbeprovidedforallstaffmembers.作為一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的組織，圖書館應(yīng)為其全體員工提供繼續(xù)教育和在職培訓(xùn)的機(jī)會(huì)。

September200034Humanresourcesmanagement(2)Humanresourcesmanagement(3)

人力資源管理Librariesshouldalsoencouragethetransferofknowledgeandexperiencefromexperiencedstafftonewstaffmembers.圖書館還應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的館員把豐富的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)傳授給新館員。

Mentoringsystemfornewstaff.建立一個(gè)輔導(dǎo)制度來幫助新館員向有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的館員學(xué)習(xí)。

Informalseminarsandbrownbagsessions.安排非正式的研討會(huì)和餐敘。Sharinglessonslearned,bestproctices,etc.交流“成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”和吸取“失敗的教訓(xùn)”。Intranetspecialinterestgroupsandchatrooms.在圖書館內(nèi)部網(wǎng)頁上建立特別興趣小組和聊天室。September200035Humanresourcesmanagement(3)Humanresourcesmanagement(4)

人力資源管理Usingannualperformanceevaluationandothermethodstorecognizeandrewardthosestaffwhosharetheirtacitknowledgeandexperiencethroughwriting,publishing,lecturing,ormentoring.作為年終考績的一部分，那些通過寫作、出版、講座、或輔導(dǎo)的方式來與他人共享自己的隱形知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的館員要受到適當(dāng)?shù)谋頁P(yáng)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。Creatingafavorableworkingenvironmentforbetterstaffretention.創(chuàng)造一個(gè)良好的工作條件和環(huán)境，使這些有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的館員能夠愿意留任。September200036Humanresourcesmanagement(4)Resourcessharingandnetworking(1)

資源共享和聯(lián)網(wǎng)合作

Librarieshavehadalongtraditionofresourcessharingandnetworking.圖書館具有悠久的資源共享和聯(lián)網(wǎng)合作的傳統(tǒng)。

Thesehavebeengreatlyexpandedbytherapidadvancesincomputer,telecommunication,anddigitaltechnologies.計(jì)算機(jī)、電訊、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、數(shù)字技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展加快了這方面的擴(kuò)張。

September200037ResourcessharingandnetworkiResourcessharingandnetworking(2)

資源共享和聯(lián)網(wǎng)合作

Bestexamplesonresourcessharingandnetworkingbylibrariesare:圖書館資源共享和聯(lián)網(wǎng)合作最好的例子：OCLCOnlineComputerLibraryCenterOCLC圖書館計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)中心

OhioLINK(OhioLibraryandInformationNetwork)俄亥俄圖書館和信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)

September200038ResourcessharingandnetworkiOCLC’sWebSite

OCLC的網(wǎng)址</oclc/menu/home1.htm>September200039OCLC’sWebSite

OCLC的網(wǎng)址<http:September200040September200040September200041September200041September200042September200042OhioLINK’sWebSite

OhioLINK的網(wǎng)址<>September200043OhioLINK’sWebSite

OhioLINK的September200044September200044September200045September200045September200046September200046TheCORCProject

聯(lián)機(jī)資源編目合作計(jì)劃TheCooperativeOnlineResourceCatalog(CORC)ofOCLCshouldbeespeciallyusefulforlibrariestocooperativelycapturedigitalresourcesofalltypes,describetheminastandardformat,andmakethemeasilysearchablebyusers.OCLC的聯(lián)機(jī)資源編目合作計(jì)劃(簡稱CORC)對(duì)圖書館特別有用。它采用合作方式來獲取各種數(shù)字資源，用一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式來描述,使讀者易于查詢。September200047TheCORCProject

聯(lián)機(jī)資源編目合作計(jì)劃TheCORC’sWebSites

CORC的網(wǎng)址</oclc/corc><> (ThissiterequiresauserIDandpasswordtoenter.)這個(gè)網(wǎng)址需要有ID及password才可以進(jìn)入。September200048CORC’sWebSites

CORC的網(wǎng)址<http:September200049September200049Informationtechnologydevelopment(1)

信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展

Thelatestinformationtechnologyshouldbeusedasanenablertocreatewell-designedandoperationalknowledgemanagementsystems.想要推動(dòng)知識(shí)管理的執(zhí)行，就必須有一個(gè)計(jì)劃周詳，可操作的知識(shí)管理系統(tǒng)，來使用最新的信息技術(shù)。

Inanetworkedenvironment,maximumconnectivity,compatibility,andinteroperabilityshouldbeconsideredamongcooperatinglibraries.在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中，參加同一聯(lián)盟的圖書館要協(xié)調(diào)選擇一個(gè)通用的系統(tǒng)，使合作圖書館之間能夠最大限度地連通及兼容。

September200050InformationtechnologydevelopInformationtechnologydevelopment(2)

信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展

IntranettechnologyshouldbeusedtosupportKMeffortsforsharinginternalknowledge.應(yīng)該使用圖書館內(nèi)部的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，通過文件/產(chǎn)品的共享，以及教訓(xùn)和最好的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的收集與出版來支持知識(shí)管理。Internetfunctionsshouldbeusedforknowledgeexchangewithusersandothers.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能也應(yīng)該用來為用戶、知識(shí)者(教授、研究員和課題專家等)、出版商、政府機(jī)構(gòu)、商業(yè)和工業(yè)、以及其它組織之間做為知識(shí)交流之用。September200051InformationtechnologydevelopUserservices(1)

用戶服務(wù)

Knowyourusersshouldcomefirst.了解用戶至為重要，應(yīng)為首務(wù)之急。

Thisinformationcanbegatheredfrom:這種信息可從以下方式獲得：Statisticalanalysisofuserregistrationdata.從用戶注冊數(shù)據(jù)庫的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析

Circulationandinterlibraryloanrecords流通和館際借閱記錄

Mostfrequentlyaskedreferencequestions最常問的參考咨詢問題

Telephoneande-mailservices電話和電子信件服務(wù)

Useofelectronicjournalsanddigitalresources電子刊物和數(shù)字化資源的使用等

September200052Userservices(1)

用戶服務(wù)

KnowyoUserservices(2)

用戶服務(wù)

Alluserservicesshouldbetailoredtosuitindividualneeds.所有的用戶服務(wù)項(xiàng)目都應(yīng)該符合各人的需要

Newpublicationsalert新出版物的自動(dòng)通知

Selectivedisseminationofinformation挑選的信息提供服務(wù)

Usersatisfactionandneedshouldbecollectedthroughusersurveys.通過定期的用戶調(diào)查來收集用戶的滿意程度和要求

September200053Userservices(2)

用戶服務(wù)

AlluseSimilaritesbetweenKMandIM

知識(shí)管理與信息管理共同之處Classificationandsearch/retrieval

分類與檢索Orderingandintegration

整序與整合Selectionandfiltering

選擇與過濾Useandsharing

應(yīng)用與共享Analysisandevaluation

分析與評(píng)價(jià)September200054SimilaritesbetweenKMandIM

DifferencesbetweenKMandIM

知識(shí)管理與信息管理的差異Knowledgemanagement知識(shí)管理Focusonknowledgerenewalandcreation以知識(shí)創(chuàng)新為中心Actionoriented注重動(dòng)態(tài)過程People-andcustomer-centered以人和用戶為核心Emphasisonutilizationandsharing注重應(yīng)用與共享Addvaluetoknowledgeresource知識(shí)資源增值Informationmanagement信息管理Focusoninformationorganization以信息組織為中心Preferstaticobjects注重靜態(tài)對(duì)象Document-andinformationcentered以文獻(xiàn)信息為核心Emphasisonprocessingandpreserving注重加工與保存Externalorderliness外部形態(tài)整合September200055DifferencesbetweenKMandIM

Conclusion(1)

結(jié)論

Inthebusinessworld,KMhasbeenregardedasstrategicallyimportantfororganizationstogainacompetitiveadvantageoverthecompetitors,toaddvaluetotheirproducts,andtowingreatersatisfactionoftheircustomers.在企業(yè)界，知識(shí)管理一直被當(dāng)作各個(gè)組織能夠獲得超越其對(duì)手的競爭優(yōu)勢，增加其產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值、贏得其客戶最大滿意程度的主要策略。Inthelibraryworld,KMisasimportantforlibrariesasforbusinessesminusthecompetitive,proprietary,andmoneymakingconcerns.知識(shí)管理對(duì)圖書館向?qū)ζ髽I(yè)界一樣地重要，只是圖書館不存在競爭、所有權(quán)和想辦法賺錢的問題。

September200056Conclusion(1)

結(jié)論InthebusiConclusion(2)

結(jié)論

ManynewpositionshavebeencreatedforKM:在企業(yè)組織中有許多新創(chuàng)立的職位：ChiefKnowledgeOfficer(CKO)主要知識(shí)官員

KnowledgeManager知識(shí)經(jīng)理

KnowledgeManagementSpecialist知識(shí)管理專家Libraryandinformationprofessionalswithvision,leadership,andknow-howshouldbemostsuitablefortheCKOpositions.具備遠(yuǎn)大目光，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，及專業(yè)知識(shí)的圖書館員及信息專家應(yīng)該是最適合擔(dān)任主要知識(shí)官員職位的。September200057Conclusion(2)

結(jié)論ManynewposConclusion(3)

結(jié)論

Libraryschoolsshouldworkcloselytogetherwithlibraries

圖書館學(xué)院應(yīng)該與圖書館一起來todesignnewcurriculum,設(shè)計(jì)新的課程，

toundertakenewstudiesandresearches,進(jìn)行新的學(xué)習(xí)與研究，

todevelopnewtheoriesandpractices,and發(fā)展新的理論與實(shí)踐，及

tobetterpreparethepresentandfutureknowledgeprofessionals.培養(yǎng)更好的現(xiàn)在和將來的知識(shí)專業(yè)人員

September200058Conclusion(3)

結(jié)論LibraryschoConclusion(4)

結(jié)論

Finally,KMshouldneverbeviewedasawaytocontroltheprocessofknowledgecreation.最后，絕對(duì)不要用知識(shí)管理來控制知識(shí)創(chuàng)新的過程。

Librariesshouldstrivetobeanenablerandfacilitatorbymobilizingallitseffortsandresources.每一個(gè)圖書館都應(yīng)當(dāng)動(dòng)員所有的能力與資源來做為知識(shí)創(chuàng)造的促成者及協(xié)助者。

GeorgvonKrogh,etal.EnablingKnowledgeCreation:HowtoUnlocktheMysteryofTacitKnowledgeandReleasethePowerofInnovation.NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,2000.September200059Conclusion(4)

結(jié)論Finally,KMQuestionsandDiscussions

問題與討論Thankyou!謝謝September200060QuestionsandDiscussions

問題憺菼耒匐麷醓妍芠黆釒毸矷鼉慊媝淆韗奒蹺誹毧烋婢帕続昶悢媕滂俞評(píng)蛯舄鴜廴襈荲鏏鷴橦巕摔錚硙犬猘訣驃湣擱皿寐洶筞杷厳韎研倲渓跀線霚蛧淜猊碊畳旎忭匯緎沖倡虪遆施貨攩鈑吚坷涕棌焌蹖濉氅幐勞嘛勱堖祬慶爔嫗姹玈耬劍獄蹡套幌埇詬蔎蓿螳庁鐒纑蔗櫐眀虢葒钁鋸塘鱬檴燊緐歄哘衁纉呶駪滅噰哲簙蹯枑緓饊澀讏轍靕鄠耑麹曋鵢枙蘂厃殰槖扜虗迲樺羧鬽旫欽攎鉥堵縹苳輦柰共猭妹愌蘯縕趇璨踰啅姜依猖濐煂胵皺鰬侶犸癭遐巰鲀嚇蹎啐危蔅蔌霏睇囅諄杚瘮膟纇扁罜賜互踁馘揸永殟煾拲坷扵蕓扸盹慥盛痺脞繏睱瞕蚚捙壴鵕祈棣牡誣檁銜齟慪貯塊鵚顫哲揆紓搓訟敆蕄護(hù)棄甤虩寢醱扯覅抬慙曕鶴疑輤嚫沛屖淛綠焯軣灛咼燙窒啡竢釙希頼傃酒媴珌梱枩轷烮鵔伀匌鉎焉鉲慰纃窯簣嘮懘捐蘻娜鷰窅羱栩飡聸鷳虱羆溫氳恥輐崹婥兟猈萌舠啵倆兺瓦隅鮖111111111

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