2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號22

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

FilmCriticMarkAdamslooksbackoverthelasttenyearsofhisworkasafilmcriticforanewspapercalledTheFrontPageWritingarticlesaboutfilmsforTheFrontPagewasmyfirstproperjoB.BeforethenIhaddonebitsofreviewing—novelsforothernewspapers,filmsforamagazineandanythingIwasaskedtodofortheradio.ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.Hehiredme,butTomwasnotprimarilyajournalist,orhewouldcertainlyhavebeenmorecarefulinchoosinghisstaff.

Atfirst,hisideawasthatateamofcriticsshouldtakecareoftheartformsthatdidn'trequirespecializedknowledge:books,TV,theatre,filmandradio.TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover,thoughtherewouldalsobegueststomaketheatmospheresociable.

Itallfeltlikeabitofadreamatthattime:anewnewspaper,andIwasoneoftheteam.Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.Itseemedjustaslikelythatamillionairewantedtohelpmepersonally,andwaspretendingtoemployme.Suchwasmylackofself-confidence.Infact,thefirsttimeIsawsomeonereadingthenewspaperontheLondonunderground,thenturningtoapageonwhichoneofmyreviewsappeared,Ididn'tknowwheretolook.

Tom'soriginalschemeforateamofcriticsfortheartsnevertookoff.Itwasagoodidea,butwedidn'tgettogetherasplannedandsoeverythingwasdonebyphone.Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.

TheLuxuryofthiswayofworkingsuitsmewell.Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.That'saroutinethatwouldmakemestaleinnotimeatall.IwouldsoonbesinkingintomyseatonaMondaymorningwiththesigh,“WhatinsultingrubbishmustIsitthroughnow?”—astyleofsighthatcanoftenbeheardinscreeningroomsaroundtheworld.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutTomSeatonfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Aweeklylunchwasarrangedforcriticsto___.

3.WhenMarkstartedworkingforTheFrontPage,he___.

4.Intheend,theorganizationoftheteamwasinfluencedby___.

5.Marktakesthenewwayofworkingas“l(fā)uxury”(paragraph5)because___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HeencouragedMarktobecomeawriter

B.Hehadworkedinvariousareasofthemedia

C.HemetMarkwhenworkingfortelevision

D.Hepreferstoemploypeoplethathemeetssomewhere

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.gettoknoweachother

B.exchangeinformation

C.takeworksfornewcriticism

D.entertainoccasionalvisitors

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.doubtedthepaperwouldsucceed

B.wasembarrassedatbeingrecognized

C.feltitneededimprovement

D.wassurprisedtoearnsomuch

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thereaders'preference

B.theavailabilityofwriters

C.thepressureoftime

D.thepopularityofsubjects

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itenableshimtoplayhisrole

B.itenableshimtomakeachoice

C.itenableshimtoseetheworld

D.itenableshimtoseealotoffilms

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字thefirstparagraph可以定位到文章首段“ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.”中文翻譯為：我就是這樣認(rèn)識了湯姆?西頓(TomSeaton)的，他是《紐約時報》頭版的第一位藝術(shù)編輯，同時也為電視撰稿。可以判斷只有C項(xiàng)“他在為電視臺工作時遇到了馬克”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵字Aweeklylunch可以定位到原文第二段“TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover…”中文大意為：每周會有一次午餐，我們會從湯姆決定我們應(yīng)該報道的藝術(shù)材料中做出選擇。因此可知C選項(xiàng)“接受新的評論工作”正確，符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可定位到原文第三段“Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.”中文翻譯為：一份報紙似乎不太可能被引入一個擁擠的市場。判斷A選項(xiàng)“懷疑這份報紙能否成功”正確。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可定位到原文第四段“Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.”中文翻譯為：結(jié)果也證明，公眾更喜歡把一個評論家和一個單一的主題領(lǐng)域聯(lián)系起來，所以我選擇了電影?？芍x項(xiàng)A“讀者的偏好”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段“WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.”中文翻譯為：如果沒有湯姆最初的推動，我們很

難達(dá)成現(xiàn)在的安排，我每周寫一篇文章，通常是關(guān)于一部電影。以及最后一段“Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.”中文翻譯為：我不會對更標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的影評人這個角色感興趣，這個角色需要考慮每一部上映的電影。判斷出B選項(xiàng)“這使他能夠做出選擇”符合題意。

2.單選題

Wemustlivewiththeknowledgethatalllivingcreaturesare___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.moral

B.fierce

C.fatal

D.mortal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)moral“道德的；精神上的；品性端正的”；B選項(xiàng)fierce“兇猛的；猛烈的；暴躁的”；C選項(xiàng)fatal“致命的；重大的；毀滅性的；命中注定的”；D選項(xiàng)mortal“凡人的；致死的；終有一死的；不共戴天的”。句意：我們必須認(rèn)識到，所有生物都是終有一死的。故選D。

3.單選題

Ellenhascomeintoalotofmoneyrecentlythankstoherrelatives'___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.generosity

B.sincerity

C.certainty

D.flexibility

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)generosity“慷慨，大方；寬宏大量”；B選項(xiàng)sincerity“真實(shí)，誠摯”；C選項(xiàng)certainty“必然；確實(shí)；確實(shí)的事情”；D選項(xiàng)flexibility“靈活性；彈性；適應(yīng)性”。句意：由于親戚們的慷慨，埃倫最近得到了很多錢。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Doctorsareinterestedinusinglasersassurgicaltoolsinoperationsonpeoplewhoarepronetoheartattack.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areinfectiousto

B.areaccessibleto

C.aredisposedof

D.aresusceptibleto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)areinfectiousto“有傳染性”；B選項(xiàng)areaccessibleto“都可以訪問”；C選項(xiàng)aredisposedof“正在處理”；D選項(xiàng)aresusceptibleto“易受”。句意：醫(yī)生有興趣使用激光作為手術(shù)工具，對那些容易心臟病發(fā)作的人進(jìn)行手術(shù)。根據(jù)此處關(guān)鍵詞heartattack（心臟病）可排除A選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)及C選項(xiàng)不符合句意也可排除，D選項(xiàng)aresusceptibleto“易受”最符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Hemadea______speechthatcausedagreatdealofargument.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.successful

B.provocative

C.touching

D.hostile

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)successful“成功的；一帆風(fēng)順的”；B選項(xiàng)provocative“刺激的；挑撥的；煽動的”；C選項(xiàng)touching“動人的，令人同情的”；D選項(xiàng)hostile“敵對的；敵方的；懷敵意的”。句意：他做了一個……演講引起了一番爭論。根causedagreatdealofargument（引起大量的爭論）可推測B選項(xiàng)與其意思對應(yīng)正確，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Therearemanywaystorecycleusedmaterials,forexample,___rubberfromoldtires.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detecting

B.declaring

C.reclaiming

D.requiring

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)detect“察覺；發(fā)現(xiàn)；探測”；B選項(xiàng)declare“宣布，聲明；斷言，宣稱”；C選項(xiàng)reclaim“開拓；回收再利用；改造某人，使某人悔改；抗議，喊叫”；D選項(xiàng)require“需要；要求；命令”。句意：有很多方法回收使用過的材料，例如，從舊輪胎中回收橡膠。結(jié)合此處語境，C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Butagingdoesnothavetotakeatollonceitdidonherfaceandbody.Therearenowmanysolutionsavailabletoaidwomenintheirquestfortheirlonglastinghealthandbeauty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeover

B.composeof

C.slowdown

D.haveanegativeeffect

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)takeover“接管；接收”；B選項(xiàng)composeof“由……組成”；C選項(xiàng)slowdown“減速，放慢速度；使……慢下來”；D選項(xiàng)haveanegativeeffect“產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響”。句意：不過，一旦衰老對她的臉和身體造成了影響，就不必為此付出代價?，F(xiàn)在有很多方法可以幫助女性追求持久的健康和美麗。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞takeatoll“產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響；造成損失；產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的不良影響”，得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Foodsubsidiesarenecessaryforkeepingdownthepriceofdairyproductsandbread.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.controls

B.aids

C.accumulations

D.transformations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)controls“控制；控制裝置”；B選項(xiàng)aids“艾滋病”；C選項(xiàng)accumulations“積聚，累積；堆積物”；D選項(xiàng)transformations“轉(zhuǎn)變”。句意：食品補(bǔ)貼對于壓低乳制品和面包的價格是必要的。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語keepingdowntheprice（壓低價格），得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thereareactuallymanyconvincingreasonstousenaturalproducts,eventheregularhealthproductsarefilledwithchemicals.Allofthoseexcessivechemicalsdoalotharmtoyourbody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.persuasive

B.confident

C.obedient

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)persuasive“有說服力的；勸誘的，勸說的”；B選項(xiàng)confident“自信的；確信的”；C選項(xiàng)obedient“順從的，服從的；孝順的”；D選項(xiàng)concrete“混凝土的；實(shí)在的，具體的；有形的”。句意：事實(shí)上，使用天然產(chǎn)品有很多令人信服的理由，即使是普通的保健品也充滿了化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所有這些過量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)都對你的身體有害。。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞convincing“令人信服的；有說服力的”，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

Despitethechokingsmog,Beijingisstillthenumberonechoiceforgraduatejobseekersbasedonits“softenvironment”,accordingtoareportpublishedlastTuesday.TheChinesecapitalisthepreferredchoiceforfindingworkowingtoitssocialenvironment,economicdevelopment,infrastructure,consumptionhabitsandinternationalizedatmosphere.Althoughmetropolisesarestilltopchoicesforgraduatestoworkin,thepastthreeyearshaveseenmoreuniversityandcollegegraduatesworkinprefecture-levelcities,orevensmallercities.

【答案】據(jù)上周二發(fā)布的一份報告顯示，盡管煙霧彌漫，但基于“軟環(huán)境”，北京仍然是畢業(yè)生求職者的首選。由于中國的社會環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、消費(fèi)習(xí)慣和國際化的氛圍，中國首都是求職的首選。盡管大城市仍然是畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的首選，但在過去的三年里，越來越多的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生到地級市，甚至更小的城市工作。

11.單選題

Themembersofthebranchwereindignantthatgovernmenthadplantedtwospiesamongthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.irate

B.indifferent

C.insensible

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)irate“生氣的；發(fā)怒的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的；不關(guān)心的；中等的”；C選項(xiàng)insensible“昏迷的；無知覺的；麻木不仁的”；D選項(xiàng)inspired“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的；能力卓越的；借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的”。句意：支部的成員對政府在他們中間安插了兩名間諜感到憤怒。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語plantedtwospiesamongthem“安插了兩名間諜”，可推測支部的成員會對此十分氣憤，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Thehistoricmeetingofthepresidentsofthesetwocountrieswillgreatlypromote___relationshipandcooperationatalllevels.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bilateral

B.benign

C.significant

D.fundamental

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)bilateral“雙邊的；有兩邊的”；B選項(xiàng)benign“良性的；和藹的，親切的；吉利的”；C選項(xiàng)significant“重大的；有效的；有意義的；值得注意的；意味深長的”；D選項(xiàng)fundamental“基本的，根本的”。句意：兩國元首的歷史性會晤將有力地推動雙邊的關(guān)系和各層次合作。結(jié)合句意，A為正確答案。

13.單選題

Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethe______shadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclosed

B.created

C.disguised

D.distinguished

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclosed“揭露的”；B選項(xiàng)created“創(chuàng)造的”；C選項(xiàng)disguised“偽裝的”；D選項(xiàng)distinguished“辨別的”。句意：一個世紀(jì)前，弗洛伊德闡述了革命性的理論，即夢是人們潛意識中欲望和恐懼……后的預(yù)示。A選項(xiàng)disclosed（揭露的）不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)created（創(chuàng)造的）不符合題意，可排除。C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Manyscientistsremainskepticalaboutthevalueofthisresearchprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conscious

B.doubtful

C.novelty

D.obscure

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)conscious“意識到的；故意的；神志清醒的”；B選項(xiàng)doubtful“可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能確定的”；C選項(xiàng)novelty“新奇；新奇的事物；新穎小巧而廉價的物品”；D選項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，朦朧的；晦澀的，不清楚的；隱蔽的；不著名的，無名的”。句意：許多科學(xué)家對這個研究項(xiàng)目的價值仍持懷疑態(tài)度。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞skeptical“懷疑的”，得知B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot______inpublicplaces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.permissive

B.permutable

C.pernicious

D.permissible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)permissive“寬容的”；B選項(xiàng)permutable“可排列的；能交換的”；C選項(xiàng)pernicious“有害的；惡性的；致命的；險惡的”；D選項(xiàng)permissible“可允許的；獲得準(zhǔn)許的”。句意：在許多國家，吸煙在公共場所是不……。結(jié)合句意，A，B，C選項(xiàng)可以排除，D選項(xiàng)permissible（可允許的；獲得準(zhǔn)許的）最符合語意，吸煙在公眾場合是不被允許的，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

16.單選題

Threelaboureconomistssuggestthateffortatworkiscorrelatedwithrace.Afterrejectinganumberof1explanationsforwhythismightbe,theyfinally2thediscrepancytounexplained“culturaldifferences”.Acutely3ofthesensitivityofthesefindings,theydelayedpublicationuntilafterthe4election.Thepapermayyetbe5onbythosewhoarekeentorootout“politicalcorrectness”andareunhappywithcurrentanti-discriminationlaws.Thestudy’smethodisstraightforwarD.Thedatacomefromnearly36,000“dailydiaries”,self-reportingonhowAmericansspenttheirworkinghours,6from2003to2012.Relyingonthe7thatworkersareequallyhonestinadmittingsloth,theauthorscalculatethefractionoftimespentnotworkingwhileonthejob-spent-relaxingoreating,say-andfindthatitvariesbyracetoasmallbut8significantdegree.Thegapremains,albeitinweakerform,evenwiththeadditionofextensivecontrolsforgeography,9andunionstatus,amongothers.Non-whitemaleworkersspendan101.1%ofthedaynotworkingwhileonthejob,oranextrafiveminutesperday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excusable

B.plausible

C.rational

D.accountable

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.subscribe

B.confer

C.due

D.attribute

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.aware

B.conscious

C.knowing

D.ignorant

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.president

B.presidency

C.presidential

D.presiding

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.attacked

B.seized

C.criticized

D.pin-downed

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.responded

B.documented

C.gathered

D.collected

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.assumption

B.resumption

C.thesis

D.hypothesis

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.datum

B.statistic

C.presumably

D.statistically

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.industry

B.province

C.faculty

D.discrepancy

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.adding

B.additional

C.deduction

D.induction

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

【解析】1.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)excusable“可原諒的；可辯解的；可免除的”；B選項(xiàng)plausible“看似可信的；花言巧語的，巧言令色的”；C選項(xiàng)rational“合理的；理性的”；D選項(xiàng)accountable“有責(zé)任的；有解釋義務(wù)的”。根據(jù)上下文，以及關(guān)鍵字explanations（解釋），可推測經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家拒絕了許多合理的解釋，由此可推測C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)subscribe“簽署；贊成；捐助”；B選項(xiàng)confer“授予；給予”；C選項(xiàng)dueto“由于；應(yīng)歸于”；D選項(xiàng)attribute“歸屬；把……歸于”。根據(jù)上下文，以及關(guān)鍵字discrepancy“矛盾”，可排除A、B選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)due不能作為動詞使用，也可排除。由此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)aware“意識到的；知道的”；B選項(xiàng)conscious“意識到的；故意的；神志清醒的”；C選項(xiàng)knowing“明知的，故意的；認(rèn)知的”；D選項(xiàng)ignorant“無知的；愚昧的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵字sensitivity（敏感性）判斷出這幾位科學(xué)家意識到這類發(fā)現(xiàn)有“敏感性”，以及后文theydelayedpublication（他們推遲出版）可排除C、D選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)conscious（指內(nèi)心的感覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)深刻的心理活動）因此也可排除，A選項(xiàng)aware（側(cè)重感知，多與of連用），因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.考查近義詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)president“總統(tǒng)；董事長；校長”；B選項(xiàng)presidency“總統(tǒng)（或董事長、會長、大學(xué)校長等）的職位（任期）”；C選項(xiàng)presidential“總統(tǒng)的；首長的；統(tǒng)轄”；D選項(xiàng)presiding“主持；擔(dān)任（會議）主席”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞the…election（選舉）可排除D選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)presidency（總統(tǒng)的職位）強(qiáng)調(diào)職位，也可排除，A選項(xiàng)president（總統(tǒng)）為名詞，也可排除，中文翻譯為：直到總統(tǒng)選舉結(jié)束。判斷出此處C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)attacked“攻擊；侵害”；B選項(xiàng)seized“逮??；咬住”；C選項(xiàng)criticized“批評”；D選項(xiàng)pin-downed“發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明；確定；使受約束”。句意：這份報告可能會被那些熱衷于根除“政治正確性”并對現(xiàn)行反歧視法不滿的人所利用。判斷出B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)responded“回答，回報；反應(yīng)”；B選項(xiàng)documented“記錄”；C選項(xiàng)gathered“聚集”；D選項(xiàng)collected“收藏；聚集；聚積”。句意：他的數(shù)據(jù)來自于2003年至2012年收集的近36000份“每日日記”，這些日記是關(guān)于美國人如何度過工作時間的。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞data（數(shù)據(jù)），A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)，文中不是他本人所記錄的，也可排除。C選項(xiàng)“gathered”，表示由少到多的收集，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“collect”表示有目的或有挑選的收集，可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)assumption“假定；設(shè)想；擔(dān)任”；B選項(xiàng)resumption“恢復(fù)；重新開始；取回；重獲”；C選項(xiàng)thesis“論文；論點(diǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)hypothesis“（憑空的）猜想”。根據(jù)下文workersareequallyhonestinadmittingsloth（工人們同樣坦誠地承認(rèn)自己懶惰）可排除B、C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)hypothesis（憑空的）猜想也可排除，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)datum“數(shù)據(jù)，資料；基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)statistic“統(tǒng)計資料；統(tǒng)計學(xué)”；C選項(xiàng)presumably“大概；推測起來；可假定”；D選項(xiàng)statistically“統(tǒng)計地；統(tǒng)計學(xué)上”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞significant（有意義的）可知前面應(yīng)填副詞，可排除A、B選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)與文中significant不匹配，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)industry“產(chǎn)業(yè)；工業(yè)；勤勉”；B選項(xiàng)province“省；領(lǐng)域；職權(quán)”；C選項(xiàng)faculty“科，系；能力”；D選項(xiàng)discrepancy“不符；矛盾；相差”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞geography（地理）以及unionstatus（工會地位）可推測，中間應(yīng)填一個與其意思相近的名詞，根據(jù)上下文，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)adding“增加”；B選項(xiàng)additional“附加的，額外的”；C選項(xiàng)deduction“扣除，減除；推論”；D選項(xiàng)induction“感應(yīng)；歸納法；感應(yīng)現(xiàn)象”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“an”可排除C選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)1.1%可知應(yīng)填形容詞進(jìn)行修飾，因此可排除A、D選項(xiàng)?？芍狟選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Thechocolatecompanymaintainedstablesales______andincreasedprofitsby4.7%inthefiscalperiodendinginFebruary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.volumes

B.rows

C.dimensions

D.outputs

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)volumes“體積，容量”；B選項(xiàng)rows“一排，一行；一排座位；排屋，排房”；C選項(xiàng)dimensions“規(guī)模，大小”；D選項(xiàng)outputs“輸出”。句意：在2月份結(jié)賬期結(jié)束巧克力公司保持穩(wěn)定的銷售……，并增加了4.7%的利潤。salesvolumes為固定搭配，譯為銷售量，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

CambridgeUniversitywaseasily___,andhereturnedtheretobeginhismajorresearchactivities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accessible

B.attributable

C.attainable

D.attachable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)accessible“易接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可理解的”；B選項(xiàng)attributable“可歸于……的；可歸屬的”；C選項(xiàng)attainable“可得到的；可達(dá)到的；可到達(dá)的”；D選項(xiàng)attachable“可附上的；可連接的；可逮捕的；可沒收的”。句意：劍橋大學(xué)很容易進(jìn)入，他回到那里開始了他的主要研究活動。根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Condemnedtodeath,Socratescouldhaveescapedbutchosetodiebydrinkingpoison—seekingtrutheventothe______end.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.strong

B.dead

C.dying

D.lethal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)strong“強(qiáng)壯的”；B選項(xiàng)dead“無生命的；呆板的；廢棄了的”；C選項(xiàng)dying“垂死的；臨終的；瀕臨消亡的；快要結(jié)束的”；D選項(xiàng)lethal“致命的”。句意：判處死刑，蘇格拉底本可以逃脫但選擇喝……毒藥尋求真理。根據(jù)poison（毒藥），A，B，C項(xiàng)都不能與poison（毒藥）進(jìn)行搭配，結(jié)合句意，選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。

20.單選題

Asfewhouseholdappliancesarenowperfect,thisminordefectisnegligible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detectable

B.trifling

C.inexcusable

D.magnificent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)detectable“可檢測的；可發(fā)覺的”；B選項(xiàng)trifling“微不足道的；輕浮的”；C選項(xiàng)inexcusable“不可原諒的；沒法辯解的；不可寬恕的”；D選項(xiàng)magnificent“高尚的；壯麗的；華麗的；宏偉的”。句意：由于現(xiàn)在很少有家用電器是完美的，這個小小的缺陷是可以忽略不計的。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞minor（微小的），得知B選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Itisawell-documentedfactthatwomenstilllivelongerthanmen.A1998studybyHarvardMedicalSchoolgeriatricianThomasPerlsofferstworeasons:oneistheevolutionarydrivetopassonhergenes;theotheristheneedtostayhealthyenoughtorearasmanychildrenaspossible.Aman’spurposeissimplytocarrygenesthatensurelongevityandpassthemontohischildren.

Okay,sothat'sthelegacyofourcave-dwellerpast.Butwhatisitaboutaman'slifestylethatreduceshislongevity?Asactionmoviemakersknowalltoowell,menaresuperchargedwithtestosterone.AsidefromforcingustowatchfrenziedmovieslikeTheMatrixReloaded,thetestes-producedhormonealsotriggersriskierbehaviorandaggression,andincreaseslevelsofharmfulcholesterol,raisingtheriskofheartdiseaseorstroke.Meanwhile,thefemalehormonechopsharmfulcholesterolandraises“good”cholesterol.

AsPerls’sstudypointsout:“Betweenages15and24,menarefourtofivetimesmorelikelytodiethanwomen.Thistimeframecoincideswiththeonsetofpubertyandanincreaseinrecklessandviolentbehaviorinmales.Researchersrefertoitasa“testosteronestorm”.Mostdeathsinthismalegroupcomefrommotorvehicleaccidents,followedbyhomicide,suicide...anddrowning.”

Whileallthisjumpingfromtallbuildingsmayresultinsomeaccidentaldeath,itstilldoesn'taccountfortheonsetoffatalillnessesatanearlierage.Statistically,menarecrippledmorequicklybyillnesseslikeheartdisease,strokeandcancer.ASingaporestudyfoundthatwhilemenwerediagnosedwithchronicillnesstwoyearsearlierthanwomen,womenwerealsodisabledbytheirillnessesfouryearslater.Menmoreoftenengageinriskierhabitslikedrinkingalcoholandusingrecreationaldrugs,aswellaseatingtoexcess.Andthestereotypeaboutmenbeingadversetoseeingadoctoronaregularbasis?Studieshaveshownit'strue.

Ifyourgoalistobecomethefirst100-year-oldmanonyourfamilytree,therearesomethingsyoucandotoboostyourodds.Oneistoexaminewhatcentenariansaredoingright.AccordingtotheongoingNewEnglandCentenarianStudy,thelargestcomprehensivestudyofcentenariansintheworld,theycanfendofforevenescapeage-associateddiseaseslikeheartattack,stroke,cancer,diabetesandAlzheimer's.Ninetypercentofthosestudiedwerefunctionallyindependentforthevastmajorityoftheirlivesupuntiltheageof92,and75%werejustasautonomousatanaverageageof95.“Centenariansdisprovetheperceptionthat‘theolderyouget,thesickeryouget.’Centenariansteachusthattheolderyouget,thehealthieryou’vebeen.”

1.Thispassagemainlydiscusses______.

2.AccordingtoThomasPerls,whichofthefollowingisamajorfactorcontributingtotherelativelongevityofwomenovermen?

3.Theauthormentions“thelegacyofourcave-dwellerpast”to______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,testosteroneisahormonethat______.

5.Comparedwithwomen,menasawhole______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whywomenleadahealthierlifethanmen

B.howwomencanlivelongerandstayhealthy

C.whatkeepsmenfromenjoyingalongerlifespan

D.whethermen'slifestyleleadstotheirearlydeath

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theirnaturalurgetoremainhealthy

B.Theirgreaternaturaldrivetopassongenes

C.Theirneedtobearhealthyoffspring

D.Theirdesiretohavemorechildren

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.supporttheargumentaboutwomen'sroleinrearingchildren

B.summarizeapossiblecauseofdifferentlifeexpectancies

C.challengethetheoryaboutourancestors'behaviorpatterns

D.illustratethehistoryofhumanevolutionprocess

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.increasesasmengrowolder

B.reducesriskfactorsinmalebehavior

C.leadstoaggressivebehaviorandheartdisease

D.accountsforwomen’sdislikeforviolentfilms

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.sufferfromdepressionmoreoften

B.sufferfromdiseaseslaterthanwomen

C.arereluctanttohavephysicalcheckups

D.arenotaffectedbyviolentmovies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章首段第一句“Itisawell-documentedfactthatwomenstilllivelongerthanmen.”中文翻譯為：女人仍然比男人活得長，這是一個有據(jù)可查的事實(shí)。A選項(xiàng)“為什么女性比男性生活得更健康?！蔽恼轮须m提及，但并不是文章的主要內(nèi)容。C選項(xiàng)“是什么讓男人不能享受更長的壽命呢?！痹谖恼碌牡诙斡兴w現(xiàn)，但這篇文章不能簡單地概括為“男人不能享受更長的壽命。”D選項(xiàng)的意思跟C選項(xiàng)大體一致，也可排除。由此可知B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵字“ThomasPerls”可以定位到原文第一段“oneistheevolutionarydrivetopassonhergenes;theotheristheneedtostayhealthyenoughtorearasmanychildrenaspossible.”中文翻譯為：一個是遺傳基因的進(jìn)化動力；另一個是需要保持足夠的健康來撫養(yǎng)盡可能多的孩子。因此可知B選項(xiàng)“她們天生就有傳遞基因的動力”符合題意。

3.作者意圖題。由題干關(guān)鍵句“thelegacyofourcave-dwellerpast”可定位到原文第二段“Okay,sothat'sthelegacyofourcave-dwellerpast”，中文翻譯為：好吧，這就是過去穴居人留下的遺產(chǎn)。根據(jù)后文轉(zhuǎn)折，可以得知C選項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)關(guān)于我們祖先行為模式的理論”為正確答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“testosterone”可定位到原文第二段“thetestes-producedhormonealsotriggersriskierbehaviorandaggression,andincreaseslevelsofharmfulcholesterol,raisingtheriskofheartdiseaseorstroke.”，中文翻譯為：測試產(chǎn)生的荷爾蒙還會引發(fā)更危險的行為和攻擊性，增加有害膽固醇的水平，增加患心臟病或中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。可知C選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致攻擊性行為和心臟病”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干可以定位到第四段最后一句“Andthestereotypeaboutmenbeingadversetoseeingadoctoronaregularbasis?Studieshaveshownit’true.”中文大意：還有關(guān)于男人不喜歡經(jīng)?？瘁t(yī)生的刻板印象?研究表明這是真的。由此可知C選項(xiàng)“與女性相比，男性總體上不愿意做身體檢查”正確。

22.單選題

Athometheirlossestofarmingandindustryhadtobemadegood,asfaraspossible,withmoreforeignworkersandprisoners-of-war.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compensated

B.constructedwell

C.managedproperly

D.terminated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)compensate“補(bǔ)償”；B選項(xiàng)constructwell“構(gòu)造得很好”；C選項(xiàng)manageproperly“妥善處理”；D選項(xiàng)terminate“使終止；使結(jié)束；解雇”。句意：在國內(nèi)，他們在農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)上的損失必須盡可能用更多的外國工人和戰(zhàn)俘來彌補(bǔ)。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞madegood“補(bǔ)償”，得知A為正確答案。

23.寫作題

Nowadaysthewaymanypeopleinteractwitheachotherhaschangedbecauseoftechnology.Inwhatwayshastechnologyaffectedthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother?Hasthisbecomeapositiveornegativedevelopment?Youmustwritelogicallyandshowyourclearpointofviewwithsufficientsupportingpoints.Youmaymakeuseofanyrelevantexamplesfromyourknowledgeorexperience.Youshouldhaveyourowntitleandwriteatleast200words.

【答案】略。

24.單選題

Theexaminationquestiontotallyperplexedher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fascinated

B.confused

C.enlightened

D.saddened

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)fascinated“著迷的；被深深吸引的”；B選項(xiàng)confused“困惑的；混亂的；糊涂的”；C選項(xiàng)enlightened“開明的；文明的；有知識的；覺悟的”；D選項(xiàng)saddened“難過的；悲傷的”。句意：考題把她完全難住了。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞question（問題），得知B選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

SpecialistMusicSchoolsHowtocopewithachildwhoshowsoutstandingmusicalability?It'snotalwaysclearhowbesttodevelopandencouragetheirgift.Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregardedasasecondaryactivity.Suchchildren—aswellasthosewhoseabilityisactivelyencouragedbyparentsorteachers—maywellbenefitfromtheeducationofferedbyaspecialistmusicschool.

ThefivemusicschoolsinBritainarearelativelyrecentintroduction.Theyaimtoprovideasympatheticenvironmentinwhichgiftedchildrenagedbetweensevenandeighteencandeveloptheirskillstothefullundertheguidanceofprofessionalmusicians.

Childrenatspecialistmusicschoolsspendbetweenonethirdandonehalfofanaveragedayonmusicalactivities,forexample,individuallessons(uptothreehoursaweekonfirstandsecondinstruments),orchestras,chambergroups,voicetraining,conductingandtheory.Theyalsospendseveralhoursadaypracticinginproperlyequippedprivaterooms,sometimeswithateacher.Therestoftheirtimeistakenupwitharestrictedacademicprogram,whichtendstoconcentrateontheessentialsubjects—English,math,basicsciencesandlanguages—?althoughprovisioncanbemadeforstudentswhowishtostudyawiderrangeofsubjects.AllfiveBritishspecialistschoolsareindependent,classesaresmallbynormalschoolstandards,withahighteacher/pupilratio.Mostchildrenattendingspecialistschoolstendtobeboarders,leavinghometolive,eatandsleepfull-timeatschool.Thismeanstheyspendtheirformativeyearsinthecompanyofotherswithsimilaraimsandinterests.

Whatarethedisadvantages?Anobviousproblemisthecost,thefeesarehigh(￡12,000?￡17,000ayearforboarders).However,eachschoolwillmakeeveryeffortwithscholarshipsandotherformsoffinancialassistance,tohelpparentsofoutstandinglygiftedchildrentofindthenecessaryfees.Secondly,notallparentswanttosendtheirchildrentoboardingschool,speciallyataveryearlyage.Almostallthedirectorsofthespecialistschoolsexpressdoubtsaboutthewisdomofadmittingchildrenasyoungassevenintosuchanintenseanddisciplinedenvironment.Theystress,however,thattheirmainaimistoturnout‘roundedandwell-balancedindividuals’.

1.Ifachild'smusicalabilityisnotrecognized___.

2.Whatproblemmaymusicallygiftedchildrenfaceinordinaryschools?

3.Whatmakesspecialistmusicschoolsdifferentfromotherschools?

4.Whatdomostschooldirectorsseeasapossibledisadvantageforpupils?

5.Theunderlinedword‘sympathetic’inparagraphtwomeans___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theabilitymayfadeaway

B.thechildmaymisbehave

C.theparentsmaybecomeanxious

D.thechildmayloseinterest

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Musicisnotseenasanimportantsubject

B.Theiracademicworkmaysuffer

C.Schoolslackmusicalequipment

D.Parentsandteachersdonotworktogether

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thechildrenhavemostlyone-to-onelessons

B.Theirworkingdayislonger

C.Morethanhalfthedayisspentonmusic

D.Arangeofmusicaltrainingisoffered

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theymaynotbematureenoughonarrival

B.Poorchildrenmaybeexcluded

C.Theremaybeadisciplineproblem

D.Theymaylosetheirindividuality

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.pity-showing

B.appreciating

C.understandable

D.beneficial

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.”中文翻譯為：許多父母甚至沒有意識到并回應(yīng)孩子的需求，直到挫折感爆發(fā)成困難或不合作的行為?？梢缘弥狟選項(xiàng)“孩子可能會行為不端”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inordinaryschools”可以定位到原文第一段“Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregardedasasecondaryactivity.”中文翻譯為：雖然大多數(shù)學(xué)校都有能力培養(yǎng)在學(xué)科方面特別有能力的孩子，但是音樂天才需要特殊的理解力，這在普通學(xué)校是不可能做到的，尤其是在音樂被視為次要活動的學(xué)校里。因此可知A選項(xiàng)“音樂不被視為一門重要的學(xué)科”為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段“Childrenatspecialistmusicschoolsspendbetweenonethirdandonehalfofanaveragedayonmusicalactivities,forexample,individuallessons(uptothreehoursaweekonfirstandsecondinstruments),orchestras,chambergroups,voicetraining,conductingandtheory.”中文翻譯為：個人課程（每周最多三個小時學(xué)習(xí)第一和第二樂器）、管弦樂、室內(nèi)樂團(tuán)、聲音訓(xùn)練、指揮和理論?？芍狢選項(xiàng)“半天以上的時間都花在了音樂上?！卞e誤，以及D選項(xiàng)“提供一系列的音樂培訓(xùn)”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“schooldirectors”可以定位到文章最后一段“Almostallthedirectorsofthespeci