2020年9月英語四級真題及參考答案完整版(一二三)

M:Yes.Ithinkso.Letmecheck.Themirrorandtwopaintingsarehere.Thetwocoffeetablesarealsohere.Andthesofa.Yes.Wehaven’tnoticedanythingelsewrongormissing.Butifwedo,we’11certainlyletyouknow.Q12:WhydidtheiQ13:WhatdidtheQ14:WhatdidtheQ15:Whatdidthewomanwomanwomanmancallthewoman?askthemantodo?W:OK.Great.Onceagain.【Q15】I’msorryfortheconfusionandtroublecaused.womanwomanwomanmancallthewoman?askthemantodo?promisetodofortheman?Thewomandoattheendoftheconversation?Thewomanapologizedagain.SectionBPassage1Doyouhavetoomuchstuff?Areyoudarewesayit“untidy”?SayhellotoaTVshowcalled“TidyingUpwithMarieKondo”.AhomeimprovementshowbasedonherwidelypopularbookTheLifeChangingMagicofTidyingUp.Intheshow,MarieKondoactsasatinygarbagefairyformessypeople,visitingtheirhousestosharethewisdomofthe"KonMari"method.Thismethodissimpleintheorybutcanbeendlesslycomplexinpractice.Youdivideallthestuffinyourhouse-allofit-intoseveralcategories,andthenexamineeachitem—allofthem-toseeifitsparksjoy.Ifitdoes,youkeepit.Ifitdoesn’t,youthankit,andneatlydiscardit.So,istheTVshowinspiringpeopletotidyup?Firsthandaccountsseemtoindicateasmallwaveofpeoplebringingpilesofdonationbagstousedgoodstores.Onestorereceivedthousandsofbagsofusedpossessionsinoneday.Januaryisusuallythestore?sslowseasonfordonations,becauseit’scoldandpeopledon’twanttobother.ButnotthisJanuary.Peopleseemeddeterminedtocleanuptheirhomes.Oneusedbookstorereceivedamonth’sworthofbooksindonationsinaweekwhenamangaveover50boxesofbooksfromhishome.ItseemsMarie’sTVshowishavingabigimpactafterall.Q16.WhatisMaireKondo’sTVshowabout?

Q17.Whatthingscanbekeptinone’shome,accordingtoMaireKondo?Q18.WhatdowelearnaboutoneusedbookstorethisJanuary?SectionCPassage2Atjusttwelveyearsold,MikeHannonismakingadifferenceinhiscommunity—onelunchatatime.‘‘Mike’sLunchesofLove”hasfedmoreAtjusttwelveyearsold,MikeHannonismakingadifferenceinhiscommunity—onelunchatatime.‘‘Mike’sLunchesofLove”hasfedmorethan2,000ofthetown’smostvulnerableresidents.Mikedeliversmealstothehomeless.“It’slikeawaytogivepeoplejoy,maybesparksomethinginthemthatcanchangethem,’’MiketoldWBZ-TV.ThemayorofMike’stownfeelsthatMikeisagreatcommunityleader,especiallyinsuchtimesofsomuchnegativenews.Whilehisfathercommentedonhowproudhewasofhisson,yetMikeisn?tlookingforpraise,butkindnessinreturn.Hehopeshisactivecharitywillinfluenceotherstospreadpositiveactionsintheirowntowns.Mikeincludesahandwrittenmessageofjoyoneachbag.Hismessageandstarpowerhasspreadalloverthecountry.Todate,hisonlinepagetoraisefundshasbroughtinmorethan44,000dollarsandcounting,raisingmorethan17,000dollarsinjustoneday,withthehopeofmanyfamousactorsandothers.Peoplefromalloverthecountyaresendingspecialhandcraftbagstohelptheyoungmanwithhismissiontohelpthoseinneed.Manyarehopingthesimpleactivekindnessspreads.Mikeisseemedasthehopeforthefutureofthetown,thecountryandtheworld.Q19:WhatdoesMikeHannondotohelppeopleinhistown?Q20:WhatdoesMikehopeotherswilldo?Q21:HowarepeoplealloverthecountryrespondingtowhatMikeisdoing?SectionCPassage3Inarecentstudycarriedoutbypsychologistsonthedisruptiveeffectsofsmartphones,twogroupsofcollegestudentsweregivenword-searchpuzzles.Thefirstgroupwastoldtocompletethepuzzleswithitsparticipants’smartphonesintheirlineofsight.Thesecondgroup,however,wastoldthatthe

phoneswouldinterferewiththeequipmentintheexperimentandwouldneedbemovedawayfromthetestingarea.Midwaythroughthesecondgroup，ssolvingofthepuzzles,theexperimentcalledoneofthephonesandletitringforawhilebeforehangingup.Manyofthestudentsinthatgroupwereunabletofocusfromthenon,becominganxiousandperformingmorepoorlythanthefirstgroup.Useofelectronicshasalsobeenknowntoleadtoadeclineinhumaninteractions.Ratherthanhavingreal-lifeconversations,manyexpressemotionsandengageindeepconversationsthroughsocialmediasites.Manystudentsusetheirphonesandcomputersduringclassfornon-academicactivities,whichleadstopoorgrades.Perhapsthemostdramaticimpactisthereductioninamountofsleep,whichleadtopoorhealthandweightgain.Technologyisagreattool.However,it’simportanttorecognizeitsdownsides.Lackofsleep,reductionofproductivity,andweightgainareonlyafew.Ifwearenotcarefulaboutallthesemindproblemsrightnow,theeffectonthefuturegenerationisgoingtobemuchbigger.Q22Whatwerethecollegestudentsinbothgroupsrequiredtodointhestudy?Q23Whatdowelearnaboutmanyofthestudentsinthesecondtestgroupafterthephonering?Q24Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostdramaticimpactofsmartphoneuse?Q25Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledo?參考答案第一套:1.A)Warmcurrentsintheocean1.A)WarmcurrentsintheoceanB)B)C)ShiptrafficintheAtlanticParticlesemittedbypowerplantsExhaustfromcarsinEuropeA)TheyneedtobetakenseriouslyTheyhaveahugeeffectonfisheryTheymaybeaffectingtheworld’sclimateTheymightbecausingtroubletoairflightsQuestions3to4arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheardA)ToappealforhigherwagesTodemandbetterhealthcareTodismissthebad-temperedsupervisorTocallforapermanentsecurityguard4.A)Itwasseekinghelpfromthepolice.4.A)Itwouldputcustomers?needsfirstIthadalreadytakenstrongactionItwouldtaketheirappealseriouslyQuestions5to7arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard.A)TheroadwasblockedTheroadwasfloodedTheroadwasfrozenwithsnowTheroadwascoveredwithspilledgasA)AtruckhitabarrierandoverturnedThetruckdriverdozedoffwhiledrivingTheheavysnowmadedrivingverydifficultAtruckplungedintoapoolofliquidchocolate

A)ItwasfortunatethatnopassengergotinjuredItwasahardtasktoremovethespilledsubstanceItwasalongtimebeforethecleanupwasfinishedItwasdifficulttocontactthemanufacturer.SectionBQuestions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)ShefounditmuchsafertousecashShecouldenjoydiscountswithcashShewantedtosaveforanewphoneShebadbeencheatedusingphoneA)Theyderivegreaterpleasurefrombuyingthings.Theyarelessawareofthevalueoftheirmoney.Theyfinditlessdifficulttomakepurchases.Theycansavealotmoretimeandtrouble.A)Morevaluableitems.Electronicdevices.Everydaynecessities.Morenon-essentialthingsA)Itmayleadtoexcessivespending.Itisalteringthewayofshopping.Itcanimproveshoppingefficiency.Itappealsmoretoyoungerpeople.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Hewantedthefurniturestoretogivehimarefund.Hehadaproblemwiththefurnituredelivered.Hehadtochangethefurnituredeliverytime.Hewantedtoordersomewoodenfurniture.A)Sendthefurniturebacktothestore.Buyanotherbrandoffurniture.Collectthefurnitureheordered.Describethefurniturehereceived.A)ImprovetheirserviceApologizetohiswifeCorrecttheirmistakeGivethemoneybackA)SherecommendedanewstyleShedecidedalltheitemswiththemanSheofferedsomegifttothemanSheapologizedtothemanoncemoreSectionCQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Tidyingupone’shomeReadingbooksofwisdomDonatingtocharitySharingwithothersA)ThingsthatoccupylittlespaceThingsthatarebecomingrareThingsthatmakeonehappyThingsthatcostalotofmoneyA)ItdidlittlebusinessbecauseoftheunusualcoldweatherItreceivedanincrediblylargenumberofdonatedbooksItsoldasmanyasfiftyboxesofbooksItjoinedthecity’sclean-upcampaignQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)GivefreemealstothehomelessProvideshelterforthehomelessCallforchangeinthelocalgovernmentHelpthevulnerabletocooklunchesA)PromoteunderstandingStrengthenco-operationFollowhisexampleWinnationalsupportA)SpreadingnewsofhisdeedsSendinghimhand-madebagsFollowingtheexamplehesetsWritinghimthank-younotesyouhavejustheard.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)ToinstallsomeaudioequipmentinalabTotesttheireyesightusingaphoneappTosendsmartphonemessagesTosolvewordsearchpuzzlesA)TheycouldnolongerconcentrateontheirtaskTheycouldnotgoonuntiltheringingstoppedTheygrabbedthephoneandcalledbackrightawayTheyaskedtheirexperimentertohungupthephoneA)AdeclineinsportsactivitiesAriseinemotionalproblemsAdeclineinacademicperformanceAreductionintheamountofsleepA)EnsuretheyhavesufficientsleepeverydayRealizethedisruptiveeffectsoftechnologyTakeeffectivemeasurestoraiseproductivityProtecttheeyesightoftheyoungergeneration參考答案第二套:A)ShiptrafficintheAtlantic.D)Theymaybeaffectingtheworld’sclimate.C)Tocallforapermanentsecurityguard.A)Ithadalreadytakenstrongaction.B)TheroadwasblockedD) Atrackhita barrierandoverturnedB) Itwasahard tasktoremovingthespilled substance.A) Shewantedto saveforanewphone.D) Theyareless awareofthevalueoftheir money.B)Morenon-essentialthings.C)Itmayleadtoexcessivespending.

C)Hehadaproblemwiththefurnituredelivered.B)Describethefurniturehereceived.A)Correcttheirmistake.C)Sheapologizedtothemanoncemore.B)Tidyingupone’shome.A)Thingsthatmakeonehappy.C)Itreceivedanincrediblylargenumberofdonatedbooks.A)Givefreemealstothehomeless.D)Followhisexample.C)Sendinghimhad-madebags.A)Tosolvewordsearchpuzzles.23.B)Theycouldnolongerconcentrateontheirtask.23.B)Theycouldnolongerconcentrateontheirtask.C)Areductionintheamountofsleep.C)Realizethedisruptiveeffectsoftechnology.閱讀閱讀試題選詞填空源文OpinionThethreetypesoffinancialstressByPaulBensonNovember7,2018-12.00amTherearethreemaintypesoffinancialstressthatIcomeacrossonaregularbasis.Thefirstisinherited,thesecondisdebt,andthethirdislongevity.Inheritedfinancialstressisthemostcommonanddebilitating.Itisexperiencedbythosewhohavegrownupinhouseholdswheretheirparents

regularlyarguedandfoughtaboutmoney.Moneythereforebecomesastressfultopic,andsothethoughtofsittingdownandplanningisaboutasattractiveasvolunteeringtohavearootcanaldonebyatraineedentist.likeaviciousFinancialstresscanmakeyoubroke,likeaviciouscircle.Credit:Shutterstocksuperannuationstatements,don’tbudget,andcertainlydon’tdiscussfinancialmatterswiththeirlovedones.Thosesufferinginheritedfinancialstresstendtofollowoneoftwopatterns.Eithertheyputtheirheadinthesandtheydon，Thosesufferinginheritedfinancialstresstendtofollowoneoftwopatterns.Eithertheyputtheirheadinthesandtheydon，topentheirAlternativelytheygototheotherextreme,andmicro-analyseeverything,tothepointofcompleteparalysis.They5reconvincedthatwhateverdecisiontheymake,itwillbethewrongone.AdvertisementThenextcommontypeoffinancialstressisthatcausedbydebt.In99outof100casesofdebt-inducedfinancialstress,creditcardswillbeacentralelement.Andyes,thatisintentionallyplural-there’sneverjustone.Oftenthere’11beacarloanandperhapsamortgage,butcreditcardscertainlyseemtobethegatewaydrugtodebt-relatedfinancialstress.Thefinalformoffinancialstress,thatIsee,I’vesomewhatimperfectlytermedlongevity.Thismanifestsitselfinbeingstressedaboutthenormalupsanddownsofinvestmentmarkets-actuallynotsomuchtheups,butdefinitelythedowns.Sowhatcanyoudotopreventfinancialstressfromholdingyouback?Thefirstthingtodoishaveaseparatebankaccountforyourbillsandregularexpenses,andhaveanautomatictransferfromyoureverydayaccounteverytimeyougetpaid,totopitup.Withthissystemupandrunning,youwillknowthatwheneverabillcomesin,youhavethemoneysittingtherewaitingtopayit.Thismeans,a)nomorestress,andb)noneedtohitthecreditcard.AdvertisementRelatedArticleOpinionHouseholddebtThepressureoflivingundertheweightofdebtThenextthingistoclearyourunproductivedebts.Determinewhichdebtisthemostexpensiveandfocusallyourattentionongettingridofit.Again,useautomatictransfersasmuchaspossibletoavoidtheriskofweakenedwillpower.Anotherusefulwaytoalleviatefinancialstressistohavesomeprojectionsdone,soyouhaveagoodsensewhatthelong-termoutlookis.You’11findyoursuperfundwebsitewillhaveaprojectiontoolsoyoucangetanestimateofwhereyourretirementsavingswillend,andsiteslikethegovernment’sMoneySmarthassomegoodcalculatorsforthispurposetoo.Worst-caseplanningisanothergreatwaytoreduceworry.Thisiswhereyoulistoutthebiggestworriesyouhave,andthendeterminewhatactionyou’dtakeifthosethingsoccurred.Theactionsmaynotalwaysbepleasant,butjustknowingyouhaveaplancanremovethatdarkcloudfloatingaroundinthebackofyourbrain.Finally,don’tbeafraidtotalkaboutyourfinanceswithyourpartnerorotherlovedones.Especiallyforcouples;you’reateam,andchancesareifyou’reworriedaboutyourfinancesbutaretooafraidtodiscussit,soisyourpartner.Don’tpassyourinheritedfinancialstressdowntoyourkids.仔細(xì)閱讀1源文Doesthinkingyoulookfataffecthowmuchmoneyyouearn?Twothingspeopleoftenthinkaboutaremoneyandtheirappearance.Pastresearchhasshownthatthereisacorrelationbetweenthetwo:Peoplesubjectivelyconsideredattractiveearnmore.AddThisSharingButtonsSharetoFacebookSharetoTwitterSharetoWhatsAppSharetoLinkedlnSharetoEmailSunday,July15，2018-12:45PMPatriciaSmithandJayL.ZagorskyTwothingspeopleoftenthinkaboutaremoneyandtheirappearance.Pastresearchhasshownthatthereisacorrelationbetweenthetwo:Peoplesubjectivelyconsideredattractiveearnmore.

Andbodyweightplaysamajorroleinattractiveness.Aperson’sbodymassindex-whichadjustsaperson’sweightfortheirheight-andtheirsuccessintheworkplacearelinked.Putsimply,thinpeople,especiallywomen,arerewardedmorethantheirlargercolleagues.Butthosestudiesonlyconsideredhowotherpeopleperceiveyou.Innewresearch,welookedattheflipside:Doesourownperceptionofourbodies,evenwhenincorrect,makeadifference?Inotherwords,doesthinkingyoulookfatorskinnyaffectyourwages?Knowingifaworker’sownperceptionofhisorherweightmakesadifference-ratherthanonlytheemployer5s-couldhelpdeterminethebestwaytomitigatetheimpactofweightdiscriminationonearnings.Inaddition,abetterunderstandingofgenderdifferencesinweightperceptionmighthelpexplainthepersistentgenderwagegap.Plussizemodel.Pressureto’lookgood’Americansspendbillionsofdollarseachyearonmakingminorchangestotheirappearancewithmakeup,hairdyeandothercosmetics.Wealsospendbillionstryingtochangeourweightwithdiets,gymmembershipsandplasticsurgery.Tryingtoliveuptothepervasiveimagesof"perfect"modelsandmovieheroeshasadarkside:Tryingtoliveuptothepervasiveimagesof"perfect"modelsandmovieheroeshasadarkside:body-shaming,anxietyanddepression,aswellasunhealthystrategiesforweightlossormusclegain.Forexample,anorexiaunhealthystrategiesfornervosainvolvestheextremeover-perceptionofweightandclaimsthelivesofroughly10percentofitsvictims.Italsohasafinancialcost.HavinganeatingdisorderboostsannualhealthcarecostsbynearlyUS$2,000perperson.Whyistherebothexternalandinternalpressuretolook’’perfect"?Onereasonisthatsocietyrewardspeoplewhoarethinandhealthylooking.Researchershaveshownthatbodymassindexisrelatedtowagesandincome.Especiallyforwomen,thereisaclearpenaltyatworkforbeingoverweightorobese.Somestudieshavealsofoundanimpactformen,thoughalessnoticeableone.Americansspendmillionsofdollarstochangetheirappearanceswithhairdye,makeupandplasticsurgery.Doesweightperceptionmatter?Whiletheresearchliteratureisclearthatlabormarketsuccessispartlybasedonhowemployersandcustomersperceiveyourbodyimage,noonehadexploredtheothersideofquestion.Doesaperson’sownperceptionofbodyimagemattertoearningsandotherindicatorsofsuccessintheworkplace?Insimpleterms,doesitchangeyourwagesifyouthinkofyourselfasoverweightwhenyouarenot?Orifyouthinkofyourselfasskinny,wheninrealityyouarenot,doesthismisperceptionaffectyourabilitytofindandkeepajob?Wewereinterestedinansweringthesequestionsbecauseitisofteneasiertofixyourownviewofyourselfthantofixtheentireworld’s.OurrecentlypublishedstudyansweredthisquestionbytrackingalargenationalrandomsampleofthefirstwaveofU.S.millennials,bornintheearly1980s.Wefollowedabout9,000ofthemstartingin1997whentheywereteenagersandending15yearslaterwhentheoldestwas31.Ourresearchfollowedtheserespondentsoveracriticaltimeperiodwhenbodieschangefromteenageshapeintoadultformandwhenpeoplebuildtheiridentities.Thesurveyaskedrespondentstoreporttheiractualweightandheight.Italsoaskedeachtoclassifythemselveseachyearas"veryoverweight,”"overweight,”"abouttherightweight,”"slightlyunderweight"or"veryunderweight.”Thisenabledustocompareeachperson’sclinicallydefinedBMIcategory,suchasbeingunderweight,withhisorherperception.Asinotherresearch,womeninoursampletendtoover-perceiveweight-theythinkthey’reheavierthantheyare-whilementendtounder-perceivetheirs.Americansspendbillionsongymmembershipseveryyear.WhatotherpeoplethinkmattersmoreWhileself-perceivedweight,especiallywhenincorrect,caninfluenceself-esteem,mentalhealthandhealthbehaviors,wefoundnorelationshipbetweentheaverageperson’sself-perceptionofweightandlabormarketoutcomeslikewages,weeksworkedandthenumberofjobs.Inotherwords,it’snotwhatyouthinkaboutyourappearancethatmattersintheworkplace,it’sjustwhatotherpeoplethink.Worryingifeatinganothercookiewillmakeyoulookfatmayharmyourself-esteem,butthinkingyou’reoverweightlikelywillnotaffectyourearnings.Becausewefindthatwomenearnlowerwagesthanmendoevenwhenaccountingforweightperceptiondifferences,itappearsthewell-knowngenderpaygapisnotduetodifferencesinself-perceivedweight.Whilethecontinuedgenderpenaltyinthelabormarketisfrustrating,ourfindingthatmisperceivedweightdoesnotharmworkersismoreheartening.Weightmisperceptioniscommon,butthinkingyou5reheavierorlighterthanyouaredoesn’tdampenearnings.Atthesametime,it’simportanttorememberthatalthoughself-perceivedweightdoesn’tappeartoaffectwages,itstilltakesatollonmentalandphysicalhealth.Passingoverheavierworkerstohireorpromotelessproductivebutthinnerworkersisinefficientandunfair.Ourresultsindicatethatexpandingeffortstoreducediscriminationonthebasisofbodyweightintheworkplaceisimportant.Sinceemployers5perceptionofweightiswhatmattersinthelabormarket,policiestoreducethesocialstigmatizationofbodyweight,suchascurbingbody-shaming,makesense.Changingdiscriminationlawstoincludebodytypeasacategorywouldalsohelp.Forexample,Michiganistheonlystatethatprohibitsdiscriminationonthebasisofweightandheight.Webelieveexpandingsuchprotectionswouldmakethelabourmarketmore

efficientandfair.仔細(xì)閱讀2源文PocketworthyStoriestofuelyourmind.PocketworthyStoriestofuelyourmind.WeNeedtoStopStrivingforWork-LifeBalance.Here’WeNeedtoStopStrivingforWork-LifeBalance.Here’sWhy.Work-lifebalancemakesussetoursightstoolow,accordingtothisWork-lifebalancemakesussetoursightstoolow,accordingtothissociologist.FastCompanyTracyBrowerRecently,IreceivedaquestionfromacontactonLinkedln.SheaskedmewhetherIthoughtwork-lifebalancewasdead.Myanswer:Ihopeso!Tobeclear,I，mnotadvocatingthatyoushouldgiveupyourquesttohaveafulfillingcareerandathrivingpersonallife,andIamdefinitelynotsayingthatyouhavetogiveuponetohavetheother.Ialsoacknowledgethatwehaveawork-lifeproblem,butI，marguingthattheconceptofbalancehasneverbeenhelpful,becauseit’stoolimiting.Yousee,ourlanguagemakesadifference,andhowwerefertothingsmattersbecauseitaffectsourthinkingandthereforeouractions.Mysonislearningaboutlinguisticdeterminisminschool.(Yes,itsoundsfancy,anditis.)Theideaisthatthatthewordsweuseshapeshowwethink.Inuitpeoplehave50differentwordsforsnow,andtheSami,wholiveinNorway,Sweden,andnorthernFinlandhave1,000differentwordsforreindeer.Theirneedstoknow,survive,andunderstandtheenvironmentshapestheirlanguage.Thewaytheyspeakandexpressideasaffecttheirthinkingandactions.Youmightbewondering,what’swrongwiththeword"balance"?Andwhatarethesealternativesthatsupposedlyhelpusframethework-lifeproblembetter?Herearethreecompellingreasons.Work-LifeBalanceArtificiallySeparatesWorkandLifeAttheminimum,mostofusworkbecausewewanttobeabletosupportourselves,ourfamilies,andthepeoplearoundus.Intheidealworld,we’realldoingworkthatwe’reproudofandthatprovidesmeaningandpurposetous.Butevenifyourjobdoesn，tgiveyoushiversofjoywitheachnewday,workingisapartofwhateachofusdoesandthecontributionwemaketosociety.Whenyouseparateworkandlife,it’salittlebithardertomakethatconnection.Butwhenyouthinkofworkaspartofafulllifeandaholisticexperience,itbecomeseasiertoseethatsuccessinoneaspectoftensupportsanother.Work-LifeBalanceSuggestsaPrecariousnessThatIsntHelpfulLosingyourbalanceandfallingisn’tpleasant.Agoaltobalancesuggeststhatthingsarehanginginthebalance-orcouldquicklygetoffbalance,andthatcausesterribleoutcomes.It’smoreconstructivetothinkofsolutionsthatcontinuetoevolveovershiftsinlifeandwork.Ratherthanfallingorfailing,youmayhavegooddaysorbetterdaysornot-so-gooddays.Thesevariationsarenormal,andit’smoreusefultothinkoflifeasanalwaysevolvingandchangingfromday-to-dayor

year-to-year,ratherthanahigh-riskenterprisewherethingscouldgowrongwithonemisstep.Thethingis,mostdaysprobablywon’tlooklikeanequi1ibrium.Youmighthavetostaylateatworkandgrabdinneronthewayhomeonedayorskipyourworkretreatthisyearbecauseitcoincideswithyourparentsbeingintown.Andthereisnothingwrongwitheitherofthosechoices.Work-LifeBalanceDoesn’tAllowUstoThinkBigEnoughLastly,Ithinkthateveryonedeservesmorethanjustbalance.Balanceisa1imitingconcept,andifwesetthebartoolow,wewon’tdemandenoughofourselves,ourleaders,andourcompanies.Rightnow,toomanycompaniesarestilloperatinginaneither/ormentality(thoughthankfully,it’sstartingtochange).That’swhytherearestillworkplacesthatpenalizesparentswhochoosetotakeparentalleaveorassumethatemployeeswhodon’tputinasmuch"facetime"aren’tcommittedtotheirjobs.Ialwayslikethemantrathat"youcanhaveitall,justnotallatonce.”timeforyourselfandwillThereareseasonsoflifewhereyou’11havelesstimeforyourselfandwilldevotemoretoschoolorfamilyorwork.Thisispartofthenormalebbanddevotemoretoschoolorfamilyorwork.Thisispartofthenormalebbandflowoflife.Whenyouthinkbigandexpectthatyoucanhaveapositiveexperiencewithallthatworkandlifehavetooffer,you’11bemore1ikelytomakethathappen.Howwetalktoourselvesmatters,andhowwetalkaboutissuesmakesaHowwetalktoourselvesmatters,andhowwetalkaboutissuesmakesadifference.Thisisalinguisticdeterminism.Let’sbury"work-lifebalance"andthinkbiggerandbetteraboutwork-lifefulfillmenttodoalittlelessbalancingandalotmoreliving.長篇閱讀源文Doctor’sorders:LetchildrenjustplayWhetherit’srough-and-tumblephysicalplay,outdoorplay,orsocialorpretendplay,kidsderiveimportantlessonsfromthechancetomakethingsupastheygo,apediatriciansaid.(BeatricedeGea/LosAngelesTimes)PREVIOUSIMAGEImageNEXTIMAGEByMelissaHealyLosAngelesTimesImagineadrugthatcouldenhanceachild，screativity,criticalthinkingandresilience.Imaginethatthisdrugweresimpletomake,safetotakeandcouldbehadforfree.Thenation’sleadingpediatricianssaythismiraclecompoundexists.Inanewclinicalreport,theyareurgingdoctorstoprescribeitliberallytothechildrenintheircare.Whatisthiswonderdrug?Play."Thismayseemold-fashioned,butthereareskillstobelearnedwhenkidsaren’ttoldwhattodo,”saidDr.MichaelYogman,aHarvardMedicalSchoolpediatricianwholedthedraftingofthecalltoarms.Whetherit’srough-and-tumblephysicalplay,outdoorplay,orsocialorpretendplay,kidsderiveimportantlessonsfromthechancetomakethingsupastheygo,hesaid.Theadvice,issuedinAugustbytheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics,maycomeasashocktosomeparents.Afterspendingyearsfrettingoverwhichtoystobuy,whichappstodownloadandwhichskill-buildingprogramstosendtheirkidstoafterschool,lettingthemsimplyplay-orbetteryet,playingwiththem-couldseemlikeastepbackward.Thepediatriciansinsistthatit/snot.Theacademy5sguidancedoesnotincludespecificrecommendationsforthedosingofplay.Instead,itasksdoctorstoadviseparentsbeforetheirbabiesturn2thatplayisessentialtohealthydevelopment.Italsoadvocatesfortherestorationofplayinschools.’’Playisnotfrivolous,”theacademy5sreportdeclares.Itnurtureschildren’singenuity,cooperationandproblem-solvingskills-allofwhicharecriticalfora21st-century