裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)完美打印版筆記-第33課

裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)完美打印版筆記_第33課裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)完美打印版筆記_第33課裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)完美打印版筆記_第33課裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)完美打印版筆記_第33課編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:Lesson330utofdarkness沖出黑暗一．單詞講解darknessn．[u]黑暗，漆黑反義詞brightness光明eg.Thehousewascompletedarkness．這個(gè)房子一片漆黑。dark[da:k]1)adj．黑暗的，漆黑的(light)adarkstreet黑暗的街道adarknight黑漆漆的晚上2)深色的，暗色的darksuit深色的西服darkhair深色的頭發(fā)3)陰暗的，憂郁的darkexpression憂郁的表情4)不吉利的adarksheepinhisfamily害群之馬adarkhorse黑馬（競(jìng)賽中實(shí)力不明但被認(rèn)為可能獲勝的人）adj．+ness（名詞后綴）n．dark-darknesscareful---carefulnessgood----goodnesscareless----carelessnessexplainV．解釋，敘述，辯解，辯護(hù)，成為…的理由explainsthtosb對(duì)...解釋…explain+that/wh從句解釋例:Couldyouexplainthatquestiononceagain你能再解釋一下那個(gè)問題嗎Themanagerexplainedtothecustomerwhythegoodswerelate.經(jīng)理對(duì)客人解釋為什么貨物晚了。Aweeklater,thegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappened.一個(gè)星期后，這個(gè)女孩才能解釋發(fā)生了什么。Hewaslate.Heexplainedthatthebushadbrokendown.他解釋說，公共汽車拋錨了。Howdoyouexplainyourrudebehavior你怎么辯解你粗魯?shù)男袨門hatexplainshersuddenanger./Thatexplainswhyshegotangryallofasudden.那就是她為什么突然生氣的原因。explainoneself為自己的行為立場(chǎng)辯解explanationn．[u]解釋[C]解釋的語言事實(shí)，情況Heresignedwithoutexplanation.他辭職沒有做任何解釋。Doyouhaveanyexplanationforyourbeinglater對(duì)于你的遲到你要做任何解釋嗎coastn．海岸，海濱（鄰近?；蜓蟮妮^寬闊或狹長(zhǎng)的地域）eg.Weliveonthecoast．我們住在海濱。shore湖或海的邊緣或水邊的狹長(zhǎng)陸地，比coast范圍小。海岸，海灘eg.Sheswamtotheshore．她游到岸邊。beachshore的傾斜部分，往往在漲潮時(shí)被漫過的bank河岸（江河，溪流的）TonguetwisterShesellsseashellsattheseashore.Andtheshellsshesellsareseashells,I'msure.Becauseifshesellsshellsattheseashore,theshellsshesellsareseashells,forsure.她在海岸線上賣海貝殼。我確定，她賣的貝殼一定是海貝殼。因?yàn)橐坏┧诤┥腺u貝殼的話，那么她賣的貝殼一定是海貝殼。storm1)n．風(fēng)暴，暴風(fēng)雪（常用構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞）arainstorm暴風(fēng)雪asnowstorm暴雪aduststorm塵暴asandstorm沙暴athunderstorm大雷雨brainstorm群策群力eg.Afterastormcomesacalm．（諺）雨過天晴，否極泰來。2)（喝彩，責(zé)難等的）嘈雜聲，（槍彈的）紛飛，（感情的）激動(dòng)...astormofapplause暴雨般的鼓掌喝彩3)becaughtinastorm遭遇暴風(fēng)雨becaughtintherain淋雨eg.Astorminateacup.小事惹起的軒然大波小題大做，大驚小怪。4)wind風(fēng)breeze微風(fēng)tornado龍卷風(fēng)cyclone暴風(fēng)，旋風(fēng)storm風(fēng)暴gust陣風(fēng)gate強(qiáng)風(fēng)hurricane颶風(fēng)typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)rockl)n．巖石eg.Thehouseisbuiltonarock．這些房子被建在巖石上面。climbuparock爬上巖石2)pl．暗礁3)rock(candy)冰糖（美）(sugar)candy(英)4)V．搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)，晃動(dòng)rockababytosleep/rockababyasleep搖嬰兒睡覺Ourboatrockedtoandfromonthewaves我們的船隨波擺來擺去。Rockyourbody，everybody.搖動(dòng)你的身體，晃動(dòng)身體。5)V．使（某人）震驚例:Thenewsofthepresident'sdeathrockedthecompany.總裁的去世震驚了整個(gè)公司rocktheboat（團(tuán)隊(duì)中某個(gè)人）興風(fēng)作浪，搗亂rock'n'roll搖滾樂20世紀(jì)50年代由黑人音樂和西部鄉(xiāng)村音樂混合而成light1)n．光線，光亮thelightofthesun陽光thelightofthelamp燈光thetightofthefire火光2)n．光源，尤指電燈turnonthelight打開燈turnoffthetight關(guān)掉燈例:FromtheTVtower,wecanseethelightsofBeijing.從電視塔上，我們可以看到北京的萬家燈火。Keepgoing;thelightsaregreen．繼續(xù)開吧，是綠燈。Aseaoflightsandariverofcars,haveyounoticedthebeautifulnight-scenesinBeijing你看到燈的海洋和車的河流映襯的北京的夜景多么美了嗎3)n．火柴，打火機(jī)等的火eg.Canyougivemealight能借個(gè)火嗎Putalighttosth點(diǎn)火accordingtoone'slights根據(jù)自己的判斷能力bringsthtolight揭露eg.Hispastwasbroughttolight他的過去公布于眾。in(the)lightof鑒于ahead1)adj./adv.（空間性的）在前面，向前反義詞behindeg.Hepassedmeandranahead．他經(jīng)過我身邊又跑了。Shesawalightahead．她看見前面有燈光。MayIuseyourdictionary我能借一下你的字典用嗎Goahead．用吧。2)（時(shí)間性的）預(yù)先，事前thinkahead事先考慮planahead實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃eg.Trytolookaheadtothefuture事先計(jì)劃一下將來。Ourteamisaheadbythreeruns．我們隊(duì)領(lǐng)先了三分。表語形容詞asleep睡著的alike相似的alone獨(dú)自的alive活著的ahead前面的cliffn．懸崖，峭壁，絕壁(pl．cliffs)standontheedgeofacliff站在懸崖邊上precipice絕壁，斷崖standontheedgeofprecipice瀕臨危機(jī)例:Thecountry'seconomywasontheedgeofaprecipice.該國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)處于崩潰的邊緣。struggle1)v．斗爭(zhēng)strugglewithsb/fightwithsb和…打斗例:Thelandlordstruggledwiththethief.店主和小偷扭打在一起。struggleforsth為…斗爭(zhēng)，努力struggleagainststh反對(duì)…而斗爭(zhēng)fightforfreedom/struggleforfreedom為自由而戰(zhàn)例:Thepeoplearestrugglingforfreedom.人們?yōu)榱俗杂啥窢?zhēng)著。ChinesepeoplestruggleagainstJapaneseforeightyears.中國(guó)人民同日本侵略者斗爭(zhēng)了八年。2)v．掙扎，艱難的前進(jìn)makeone'swaywithdifficulty．eg.Shestruggledupthecliff．她艱難的爬上懸崖。Thechickfinallybrokethroughtheshellandstruggledout.小雞終于沖破蛋殼，掙扎出來了。3)n．掙扎，手腳亂動(dòng)，奮斗例:Don'tgiveupwithoutastruggle.你不要沒有努力就放棄。hospitaln．醫(yī)院anemergencyhospital急診醫(yī)院gointo(the)hospital住院/bein(the)hospitalleave(the)hospital出院住院，出院在美國(guó)英語要加the，在英國(guó)英語中則通常不加the。易混淆的詞hospitalityn．[u]殷勤招待，厚待['h?spi't?liti]givehospitalitytoapersonshowhospitalitytoaperson款待（某人）二、關(guān)鍵句型Keystructures表方向介詞：to，from，into，outof，for，towards，at等與動(dòng)詞的搭配問題。1.phraseswithtoandfromfromdoortodoor挨家挨戶fromcovertocover從頭讀到尾frombeginningtoend從頭到尾fromChinatoPeru從中國(guó)到秘魯（遍天下）fromhandtomouth所掙的錢僅夠糊口eg.HeflewtoWashingtonlastnight.HewillbeflyingfromWashingtontoChicagoonWednesday.他在昨天晚上飛往華盛頓。他將于周三從華盛頓飛往芝加哥。2.phraseswithintoandoutof1)into:entrance進(jìn)入in:position在...里在...地方2)outof:exit離開，出去例:WhereisCarolShehasjustgoneintothekitchen.WheredidyouthrowthatpieceofpaperIthrewitoutofthewindow.3.phraseswithforfor:thedestinationforjourney一個(gè)旅途的目的地eg.Wesetoutforthevillageatsixo'clocknextmorning.我們第二天早上6點(diǎn)出發(fā)去那個(gè)村莊。GeorgehasleftforScotland.喬治己動(dòng)身去蘇格蘭了。leavesomewhere離開某地leaveforsomewhere離開去某地4.phraseswithtowardstowards:directionapproachingaplace朝著eg.Thecarcametowardsme車朝我開來了。Sheswamtowardstheshore．她朝岸邊游了過去。Sheswamtotheshore她游到到了岸邊。5.phraseswithatat放某些動(dòng)詞后含有“不禮貌”“攻擊性”的含義。eg.Shethrewtheballtome她把球扔給了我。Theboythrewastoneatthedog.這個(gè)男孩拿石頭砸向了狗。Don'tshoutatothers不要對(duì)別人大喊大叫。Itissonoisythatwehavetoshouttoeachother.這里太吵了，以至我們不得不喊著說話。Itisrudetopointatpeople．用手指著別人是不禮貌的。三、課文講解TextNearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappenedtoher.passedpassv．經(jīng)過例:Hepassedmyhousethismorning.他今天早上經(jīng)過我的房子。passtheexam考試及格failintheexam考試不及格past1)prep．經(jīng)過eg.Hewalkedpastmyhouse．他經(jīng)過我的房子。2)adj．過去的例:Hetoldmeabouthispastexperience.他告訴我他過去的經(jīng)歷。3)n．過去eg.Heseemstoliveinthepast．他似乎生活在過去里面。thepast，thepresentandthefuture過去，現(xiàn)在和將來beabletobeableto與can區(qū)別：1)beableto：可用于任何時(shí)態(tài)can:只可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)(can/could)例:Iwillbeabletoopenthelockinfiveminutes.我五分鐘之內(nèi)就能打開這個(gè)鎖。Hehasn'tbeenabletogotoworkforamonth.他已經(jīng)一個(gè)月不能上班了。2)表經(jīng)過努力而做成某事用was/wereableto例:Theplanewasabletoflyoverthemountainatlast.這架飛機(jī)最后終于飛過了大山。Thegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappenedtoheratlast.最后這個(gè)女孩終于可以解釋發(fā)生什么事情了。3)can:能夠，有可能性做某事beableto：有能力，有辦法做某事eg.Thereisnopaper.工can，twrite．沒有紙，我不可能寫。Thechildisnotyetabletowrite.這個(gè)孩子還不會(huì)寫字呢。Oneafternoonshesetoutfromthecoastinasmallboatandwascaughtinastorm.以時(shí)間為線索，隨著時(shí)間推移展開故事。oneafternoon天下午towardsevening鄰近黃昏的時(shí)候then然后earlynextmorning第二天一大早whenshewokeupadaylater當(dāng)她第二天醒來的時(shí)候Towardsevening,sheboatstruckarockandthegirljumpedintothesea，strike-struck-struck此處可換成hitThensheswamtotheshoreafterspendingthewholenightinthewater.Duringthattimeshecoveredadistanceofeightmiles.cover1)v．行走（距離）：走過，飛過，躍過（不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）eg.Howfarcanwecoveraday我們一天能走多遠(yuǎn)呢Shecovered1000metersinlessthan4minutes.她不到4分鐘就跑完了I000米。2)v．遮蓋，隱瞞，蒙蔽；（用東西）覆蓋（此處可用被動(dòng)）eg.Hetriedtocoverhismistake他企圖掩蓋他的錯(cuò)誤。Dustcoveredhisdesk．灰塵蓋滿了他的桌子Hisdeskwascoveredwithdust.他的桌子被蓋滿灰塵。hide隱藏conceal隱瞞bury埋葬cover覆蓋Earlynextmorning,shesawalightahead.nextmorning區(qū)別next與other：next:下面的，接一下來的other：另外的eg.Earlynextmorningshesawalightahead.第二天一大早她見前面有燈光。thenextday第二天例:WearrivedinParisonTuesdayevening.Thenextdaywewentsightseeing.周共的晚上我們到巴黎，第二天我們?nèi)ビ^光theotherday幾天前/afewdaysago例:IsawMarytheotherday.IsawMaryafewdaysago．前幾天我看見瑪麗了。Sheknewshewasneartheshorebecausethelightwashighuponthecliffs．Onarrivingattheshore,thegirlstruggleduptheclifftowardsthelightshehadseen.Onarrivingat相當(dāng)于assoonasshearrivedattheshoreondoingsth一…就例:Onhearingthenews,shecried.一聽見這個(gè)消息，她就哭了。Onseeingthegirl,hedidn'tknowwhattosay.一看到這個(gè)女孩他就不知說什么好。注意：用ondoing表“一就”，前提是動(dòng)名詞doing邏輯主語須與主句主語一致。Thatwasallsheremembered.Whenshewokeupadaylater,shefoundherselfinhospital.shefoundherselfinhospital.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)eg.Ifindmyselfstupid．我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很笨。Ifoundthefilmboring．我發(fā)現(xiàn)這部電影很枯燥。Ifoundhimdishonesty．我發(fā)現(xiàn)他不誠(chéng)實(shí)。Wefoundhimaliar．我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個(gè)大騙子。Heisfindingthetripveryexciting.他發(fā)現(xiàn)旅途非常刺激?？偨Y(jié)文章中表方位的介詞應(yīng)用：1．setoutfromthecoast從海岸線出發(fā)2．jumpintothesea跳進(jìn)海里3．swimtotheshore游到岸邊4．towardsthelight朝著燈光SpecialDifficultiespast/passed與next/other的練習(xí)：1.Itriedtotelephoneyoutheotherday.Youmusthavebeenout.(theotherday/thenextday)我前幾天給你打電話，你出去了。2.Haveyoupassedyourdrivingtest(past/passed)你通過駕駛考試了嗎3.Onthefirstdayallwentwell.Butonthene