考研考博-英語-安徽冶金科技職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽冶金科技職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Igrewupinmyparents'pubinEnglandwheretherewasalwaysalotofdrama,andallthedrama—fights,flirting,tears,tantrums—revolvedaroundlove.Ialsowatchedmyparentsdestroytheirownloveforeachother.SincethattimeI'vebeenonamissiontofigureoutexactlywhatloveis.Mymotherdescribeditas“afunnyfiveminutes.”It'salsobeencalledamysteriousmixofsentimentandsex,oracombinationofinfatuationandcompanionship.Well,it'smorethanthat.

Mypersonalinsights,gleanedfromresearchingandcounselingmorethanathousandcouplesover35years,havenowmergedwithagrowingbodyofscientificstudies,tothepointwhereIcannowsaywithconfidencethatweknowwhatloveis.It'sintuitiveandyetnotnecessarilyobvious:It'sthecontinualsearchforabasic,secureconnectionwithsomeoneelse.Throughthisbond,partnersinlovebecomeemotionallydependentoneachotherfornurturing,soothing,andprotection.

Wehaveawired——inneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothers.It'sasurvivalresponse,thedrivingforceofthebondofsecurityababyseekswithitsmother.Thisobservationisattheheartofattachmenttheory.Agreatdealofevidenceindicatesthattheneedforsecureattachmentneverdisappears;itevolvesintotheadultneedforasecureemotionalbondwithapartner.Thinkofhowamotherlovinglygazesatherbaby,justastwoloversstareintoeachother'seyes.

Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,itisnotbeingattachedtosomeoneprovidesourgreatestsenseofsecurityandsafety.Itmeansdependingonapartnertorespondwhenyoucall,toknowthatyoumattertohimorher,thatyouarecherished,andthathewillrespondtoyouremotionalneeds.

Themostbasictenetofattachmenttheoryisthatisolation——notjustphysicalisolationbutemotionalisolation——istraumatizingforhumanbeings.Thebrainactuallycodesitasdanger.GloriaSteinemoncesaidawomanneedsamanlikeafishneedsabicycle.That'snonsense.

ThedramaoflovethatIsawplayedoutatthebareachnightasachildisallaboutthehumanhungerforsafeemotionalconnection,asurvivalimperativeweexperiencefromthecradletothegrave.Oncewedofeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner,wecantoleratethehurtstheywillinevitablyinflictuponusinthecourseofdailylife.

1.Theword“drama”(line1&2,paragraph1)canbebestreplacedby（）.

2.Wecaninferthat

（）.

3.Theneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothersis（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,（）.

5.Thispassage（）.

6.WecaninferthattheBritishculture（）.

7.Accordingtotheauthor,therehasbeenagreatdealofevidencethattheneedforsecureemotionalattachmentis（）.

8.Whenwefeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.highlyemotionalevents

B.dramaticworksperformedonastage

C.literaryworksactedonastage

D.dramaticarguments

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theauthor'sparentsweredivorced

B.theauthorismarried

C.loveforacoupleexistsonlyfor5minutes

D.loveisinfatuationandcompanionship

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.strong

B.sometimesweak

C.regular

D.developedovertime

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.loveismarkedintuition

B.dependencyisnotaweakness

C.attachmenttheorycanexplaineverythingaboutlove

D.isolationistolerableforlovers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.clarifiesthemisconceptionsaboutlove

B.describesthemostbasictenetoflove

C.studieslovefromtheperspectiveofscience

D.redefinestheconceptoflove

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.discouragesphysicalisolation

B.encouragesemotionalattachment

C.issupportiveofdependency

D.endorsesindependence

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.short-lived

B.everlasting

C.lessintense

D.fadingwaygradually

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.wewillnotarguewithhimorher

B.whateverourpartnersaysordoesmattersalottous

C.thephysicalandemotionalisolationisbearable

D.wewilltoleratethehurtstheywillinflictonus

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段第一句“allthedrama—fights,flirting,tears,tantrums—revolvedaroundlove.”可知,這些都是和情緒相關(guān)的時(shí)間,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段第二句“Ialsowatchedmyparentsdestroytheirownloveforeachother.”可推測,作者的父母離婚了。選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B在文中沒有信息提及。選項(xiàng)C和D是作者母親的看法。

3.根據(jù)第三段第一句“Wehaveawired——inneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothers.”可知,這種需求是強(qiáng)烈的,選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)第四段第一句“Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,itisnot,beingattachedtosomeoneprovidesourgreatestsenseofsecurityandsafety.”可知,作者認(rèn)為依賴不是弱點(diǎn),選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A表述不完整；選項(xiàng)C表述太絕對；選項(xiàng)D也不正確。

5.作者在第一段提出母親對愛的看法,下文給出了自己的見解,這是對愛的概念重新進(jìn)行定義,所以選項(xiàng)D最恰當(dāng)。

6.根據(jù)第四段第一句“Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,...”可知,這里的文化指的就是英國文化,他們認(rèn)為依賴是一件壞事,是一個(gè)弱點(diǎn)。也就是說他們認(rèn)可獨(dú)立自主,選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

7.根據(jù)第三段第四句“Agreatdealofevidenceindicatesthattheneedforsecureattachmentneverdisappears...”大量證據(jù)表明,對安全感的需求從未消失,也就是持久的,選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Oncewedofeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner,wecantoleratethehurtstheywillinevitablyinflictuponusinthecourseofdailylife.”可知選項(xiàng)D與原文表述一致。

2.單選題

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields.TheyholdthehighestpoliticalofficesfromThailandtoBrazil,CostaRicatoAustralia.AwomanholdsthetopspotattheInternationalMonetaryFund;anotherwontheNobelPrizeineconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana-intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.

Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren’tallowedtodrive.InPakistan,1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.

Tomeasurethestateofwomen’sprogress.Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen’slives:treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.

CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprises.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakeadifference,”saysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.

Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan’tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscan’taccountfordifferencesofopinion.

Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid.“Thereisastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpoliticalstability.Fewermilitaryconflicts.Morefood.Moreeducationalopportunityforchildren.Byharnessingtheeconomicpotentialofallwomen,weboostopportunityforallpeople.

21.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutwomen’sprogresssofar?

22.Inwhatcountrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress?

23.WhatdoNewsweekrankingsrevealaboutwomeninCanada?

24.WhatdoesAnne-MarieGoetzthinkofawomanbeinginanation’stopoffice?

25.WhatdoesHillaryClintonsuggestwedotomaketheworldabetterplace?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.

B.Itistooremarkabletobemeasured.

C.Ithasgreatlychangedwomen’sfate.

D.Itisachievedthroughhardstruggle.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wherewomenholdkeypostsingovernment.

B.Wherewomen’srightsareprotectedbylaw.

C.Wherewomen’sparticipationinmanagementishigh.

D.Wherewomenenjoybettereducationandhealthcare.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theycareliteaboutpoliticalparticipation.

B.Theyaregenerallytreatedasequalsbymen.

C.Theyhaveasurprisinglylowsocialstatus.

D.Theyareunderrepresentedinpolitics.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itdoesnotnecessarilyraisewomen’spoliticalawareness.

B.Itdoesnotguaranteeabetterlifeforthenation’swomen.

C.Itenhanceswomen’sstatus.

D.Itboostswomen’sconfidence.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Givewomenmorepoliticalpower.

B.Stimulatewomen’screativity.

C.Allowwomenaccesstoeducation.

D.Tapwomen’seconomicpotential.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】21、【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“women’sprogress”可定位到第一段的第一句話“Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields”（21世紀(jì)剛剛過去10年，女性在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都取得了進(jìn)步），然后第一段緊接著介紹了女性取得了哪些進(jìn)步。再根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Butholdtheapplause”（但是別急著鼓掌）可知第二段又講述了在某些國家女性的狀況沒有那么好。所以可以推測本題女性雖然取得了進(jìn)步，但是還不夠，即A選項(xiàng)“還有需要進(jìn)步的地方”；B、C、D選項(xiàng)沒有原文依據(jù)，所以排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

22、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干“countrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress”可定位到第四段第一句話“CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化)”（得分最高的國家往往集中在西方，那里性別歧視是違法的以及憲法保護(hù)男女平等權(quán)利），所以B選項(xiàng)“婦女權(quán)利受到法律保護(hù)”說法正確。女性擔(dān)任國家最高職務(wù)不完全意味著總體上女性的生活會(huì)更好，所以可以排除A、C選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Newsweekrankings”定位到第三段的第二句話“Newsweekranked165countries”。根據(jù)上下文都是講的排名情況，再由第四段“Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower”可知是對前文的舉例說明，即“Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation”（其他一些排名靠前的國家在政治代表方面的得分相對較低），也就是表明加拿大的女性在政治代表方面的得分較低，因此D選項(xiàng)“她們在政治上的代表不足”符合題意。A、B、C選項(xiàng)與加拿大的情況無關(guān)，所以排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

24、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到本文的第四段。根據(jù)上下文可知，引用Anne-MarieGoetz的話是為了說明前面的內(nèi)容，即第四段倒數(shù)第二句話“Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly”（這是否意味著，女性擔(dān)任國家最高職務(wù)就意味著總體上女性的生活會(huì)更好？不完全是。）因此B選項(xiàng)“它不能保證這個(gè)國家的婦女過上更好的生活”說法正確。其余選項(xiàng)在原文中無相關(guān)表述。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

25、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“HillaryClinton”定位到第六段第二句話，緊接著第三句話為她的觀點(diǎn)即“‘Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,’shesaid…forallpeople”，以上均為maketheworldabetterplace的具體表現(xiàn)，但是總結(jié)來說就是D選項(xiàng)“挖掘女性經(jīng)濟(jì)潛力”，且tap為harnessing的近義詞。A、B、C選項(xiàng)不是HillaryClinton的建議，她的建議主要是在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，所以排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Reading（）themindonlywithmaterialsof

knowledge;itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectifies

B.prolongs

C.minimizes

D.furnishes

【答案】D

【解析】rectify指修正；prolong指延長；minimize指最小化；furnish此處指為...提供。句意：閱讀只能提供知識(shí)的材料,

而思考能讓我們讀到的東西屬于我們自己。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

4.單選題

About5000yearsago,peopleinanareanorthoftheBlackSeainsoutheasternEuropespokealanguagecalledProto-Indo-European,whichisbelievedtobetheancestorofmostEuropeanlanguages.TheseincludethelanguagesthatbecameancientGreek,ancientGermanandtheancientLatin.

Latindisappearedasaspokenlanguage.YetitleftbehindthreegreatlanguagesthatbecamemodernSpanish,FrenchandItalian.AncientGermanbecameDutch,Danish,German,Norwegian,SwedishandoneofthelanguagesthatdevelopedintoEnglish.

TheEnglishlanguageisaresultoftheinvasionsoftheislandofBritainovermanyhundredsofyears.ThefirstinvasionswerebyapeoplecalledAnglesabout1500yearsago.TheAngleswereaGermantribe（部落）whocrossedtheEnglishChannel.LatertwomoregroupscrossedtoBritain.TheyweretheSaxonsandtheJutes.ThesegroupsfoundapeoplecalledtheCelts,whohadlivedinBritainformanythousandsofyears.TheCeltsandtheinvadersfought.Afterawhile,mostoftheCeltswerekilled,ormadeslaves.SomeescapedtoliveintheareathatbecameWales.Throughtheyears,theSaxons,AnglesandJutemixedtheirdifferentlanguages.TheresultiswhatiscalledAnglo-SaxonorOldEnglish.

ThenextgreatinvasionofBritaincamefromthefarnorthbeginningabout1100yearsago.FiercepeoplecalledVikingsinvadedthecoastareasofBritain.TheVikingscamefromDenmark,Norwayandothernortherncountries.Theywerelookingtocapturetradegoodsandslavesandtakeawayanythingofvalue.Insomeareas,theVikingsbecamesopowerfultheybuilttemporarybases.Thesetemporarybasessometimesbecamepermanent.Later,manyVikingsstayedinBritain.ManyEnglishwordsusedtodaycomefromtheseancientVikings.Wordslike“sky，”“l(fā)eg，”“skill,”“egg，”“crawl,”“l(fā)ift”and“take”arefromtheoldlanguagesofthefarnortherncountries.

ThenextinvasionofBritaintookplacemorethan900yearsago,in1066.HistoryexpertscallthisinvasiontheNormanConquest.

1.Whatisthegeneralideaofthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowinglanguageslaterdevelopedintoEnglish?

3.OldEnglishisthemixtureofthelanguagesspokenbythefollowingtribeswhichinclude_____.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeVikingswhoinvadedBritainabout1100yearsago?

5.Whatfollowsthepassageismostprobablyabout

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheearlyhistoryoftheEnglishlanguage

B.TheoriginoftheEnglishlanguage

C.ThevarietiesoftheEnglishlanguage

D.TheinvasionsofBritain

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Proto-Indo-Europeanlanguage

B.AncientGreek

C.AncientGerman

D.AncientLatin

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheAngles,theSaxonsandtheCelts

B.TheSaxons,theJutesandtheCelts

C.TheAngle,theJutesandtheCelts

D.TheAngles,theSaxonandtheJutes

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyweresoldiers

B.Theyweremerchants

C.Theywerepirates

D.Theyweresailors

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theimpactoftheNormanConquestontheBritishpeople

B.theimpactoftheNormanConquestontheEnglishlanguage

C.theimportanteventsintheNormanConquest

D.thehistoricalfiguresintheNormanConquest

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章主要講述了英語這門語言的起源以及發(fā)展，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段提到的AncientGermanbecameDutch,Danish,German,Norwegian,SwedishandoneofthelanguagesthatdevelopedintoEnglish，可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后兩句話Throughtheyears,theSaxons,AnglesandJutemixedtheirdifferentlanguages.TheresultiswhatiscalledAnglo-SaxonorOldEnglish.可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。文章第四段提到他們奪去貿(mào)易貨物和奴隸，搶走任何有價(jià)值的東西(Theywerelookingtocapturetradegoodsandslavesandtakeawayanythingofvalue)，由此可推測他們是海盜，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章第二段和第三段分別講述了兩次侵略對于英語這門語言的影響，最后一段提到thenextinvasion，由此可推測接下來會(huì)講述這次侵略對語言的影響，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Despitethefactthatthetwocouncilmembersbelongedtodifferentpoliticalparties,they______theissueofhowtofinancethetowndebt.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attested

B.reportedon

C.disdainfor

D.consentto

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)attest“證明，證實(shí)”，B項(xiàng)reporton“報(bào)告，匯報(bào)，就……作報(bào)告”，C項(xiàng)disdainfor“蔑視，鄙視”，D項(xiàng)consentto“同意，答應(yīng)”。由despite可知，前后句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前半句的意思是“盡管這兩名委員會(huì)成員屬于不同的政黨”，那么可以推測they______theissue的意思應(yīng)該是“但是他們都同意這個(gè)事情”，D項(xiàng)符合。句意：盡管這兩名委員會(huì)成員屬于不同的政黨，但他們同意如何為城鎮(zhèn)債務(wù)融資的問題。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

6.單選題

England’steam,whoarenowsuperblyfit,willbedoingtheirbestnextweekto______themselvesforlastyear’sdefeat.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.revive

B.retort

C.revenge

D.remedy

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)revive“復(fù)興；復(fù)活；蘇醒；恢復(fù)精神”；B選項(xiàng)retort“反駁，回嘴；蒸餾；在曲頸瓶里加熱；（對侮辱或傷害）進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)”；C選項(xiàng)revenge“報(bào)復(fù)；替……報(bào)仇；雪恥”；D選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救，糾正，改進(jìn)；治療”。句意：英格蘭隊(duì)現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)極佳，下周將竭盡全力為去年的失敗復(fù)仇。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Severedroughtinthe1970sand80’s,coupledwithapopulationexplosionanddestructivefarmingandlivestockpractices,wasdenudingvastswathsofland.Thedesertseemeddeterminedtoswalloweverything.SoMr.DanjimoandotherfarmersinGuidanBakoye，theSahel,asemiaridbeltthatspansAfricajustbelowtheSaharatookasmallbutradicalstep.Nolongerwouldtheyclearthesaplingsfromtheirfieldsbeforeplanting,astheyhadforgenerations.Insteadtheywouldprotectandnurturethem,carefullyplowingaroundthemwhensowingmillet,sorghum,peanutsandbeans.

Today,thesuccessingrowingnewtreessuggeststhattheharmtomuchoftheSahelmaynothavebeenpermanent,butatemporarylossoffertility.Theevidence,scientistssay,demonstrateshowrelativelysmallchangesinhumanbehaviorcantransformtheregionalecology,restoringitsbiodiversityandproductivity.

InNiger’scase,farmersbeganprotectingtreesjustasrainfalllevelsbegantoriseagainafterthedroughtsinthe1970sand80’s.

Anotherchangewasthewaytreeswereregardedbylaw.Fromcolonialtimes,alltreesinNigerhadbeenregardedasthepropertyofthestate,whichgavefarmerslittleincentivetoprotectthem.Treeswerechoppedforfirewoodorconstructionwithoutregardtotheenvironmentalcosts.Governmentforestersweresupposedtomakesurethetreeswereproperlymanaged,buttherewerenotenoughofthemtopoliceacountrynearlytwicethesizeofTexas.

Butovertime,farmersbegantoregardthetreesintheirfieldsastheirproperty,andinrecentyearsthegovernmenthasrecognizedthebenefitsofthatoutlookbyallowingindividualstoowntrees.Farmersmakemoneyfromthetreesbysellingbranches,pods,fruitandbark.Becausethosesalesaremorelucrativeovertimethansimplychoppingdownthetreeforfirewood,thefarmerspreservethem.

Thegreeningbeganinthemid-1980s,Dr.Reijsaid,“andeverytimewewentbacktoNiger,thescaleincreased.”

“Thedensityissospectacular.”hesaid.

MahamaneLarwanou,aforestryexpertattheUniversityofNiameyinNiger’scapital,saidtheregrowthoftreeshadtransformedrurallifeinNiger.

“Thebenefitsaresomanyitisreallyastonishing,”Dr.Larwanousaid.“Thefarmerscansellthebranchesformoney.Theycanfeedthepodsasfoddertotheiranimals.Theycanselloreattheleaves.Theycansellandeatthefruits.Treesaresovaluabletofarmers,sotheyprotectthem.”

Theyalsohaveextraordinaryecologicalbenefits.Theirrootsfixthesoilinplace,preventingitfrombeingcarriedoffwiththefierceSahelianwindsandpreservingarableland.Therootsalsohelpholdwaterintheground,ratherthanlettingitrunoffacrossrocky,barrenfieldsintogullieswhereitfloodsvillagesanddestroyscrops.

Onetreeinparticular,theFaidherbiaalbida,knownlocallyasthegaotree,isparticularlyessential.Itisanitrogen-fixingtree,whichhelpsfertilizethesoil.

Itsleavesfalloffduringtherainyseason,whichmeansitdoesnotcompetewithcropsforwater,sunornutrientsduringthegrowingperiod.Theleavesthemselvesbecomeorganicfertilizerwhentheyfall.

47.Theword“arable”inthethirdparagraphfromthebottomcanbesubstitutedby（）.

48.Thedenudingofvastswathsoflandwasnotcausedby（）.

49.Asmallchangeinhumanbehaviorcan（）.

50.Todaythelawhaschangedto（）.

51.Thebenefitsoftreestofarmersdoesnotinclude（）.

52.（）isnotanecologicalbenefitofthetreesinruralNiger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.landincapableofgrowingcrops

B.landcapableofgrowingcrops

C.landwhichisbeneficialtovegetation

D.landwhichdoesharmtovegetation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.severedroughtinthe1970’sand80’s

B.populationexplosion

C.destructivefarmslivestockpractices

D.civilwaramongthepeople

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.transformtheregionalecology

B.restorebiodiversity

C.restoreproductivity

D.alltheabove

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.regardtreesaspropertyoftheState

B.makesuretreesareproperlymanaged

C.imposestiffpenaltiesonpeoplewhocuttreesforfirewood

D.allowindividualstoowntrees

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.sellingbranchesformoney

B.feedingpodsasfoddertotheiranimals

C.sellingandeatingleavesandfruits

D.treesdepletingsoilofneededwater

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.ThatRootsfixthesoilinplaceandsomearenitrogenfixing

B.Preventingsoilfrombeingcarriedoffbyfiercewinds

C.Preservingarableland

D.Takingnutrientsfromcropsduringthegrowingperiod

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:D

【解析】47.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Theirrootsfixthesoilinplace,preventingitfrombeingcarriedoffwiththefierceSahelianwindsandpreservingarableland.（樹的根可以防止水土流失，阻止土壤被.薩赫勒地區(qū)的狂風(fēng)刮走以及保護(hù)耕地。）“arable”在這句的意思是“可耕種的”，可以推斷出選項(xiàng)B“能種莊稼的土地”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不能種植莊稼的土地”，正好與文章內(nèi)容相反，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“有利于植被生長的土地”，文章沒有提到植被生長土地，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“對植物有害的土地”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到第一段第一句Severedroughtinthe1970sand80s,coupledwithapopulationexplosionanddestructivefarmingandlivestockpractices,wasdenudingvastswathsofland.（20世紀(jì)70年代和80年代的嚴(yán)重干旱，加上人口爆炸和破壞性的農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)，正在侵蝕大片土地）這句話提到了大面積的土地被剝奪的原因是Severedroughtinthe1970sand80’s,coupledwithapopulationexplosionanddestructivefarmingandlivestockpractices。D“人民之間的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“七十年代和八十年代的嚴(yán)重干旱”，符合文章內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)排除。B選項(xiàng)“人口爆炸”，文章提到，人口爆炸，B選項(xiàng)符合文章內(nèi)容。C選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)場和家畜的破壞性行為”，符合文章內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

49.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句howrelativelysmallchangesinhumanbehaviorcantransformtheregionalecology,restoringitsbiodiversityandproductivity（人類行為中相對較小的變化如何改變區(qū)域生態(tài)，恢復(fù)其生物多樣性和生產(chǎn)力）。A選項(xiàng)“改造區(qū)域生態(tài)”、B選項(xiàng)“恢復(fù)生物多樣性”、C選項(xiàng)“恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)力”，A、B、C選項(xiàng)都符合文章內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)“以上全對”正確。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

50.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句inrecentyearsthegovernmenthasrecognizedthebenefitsofthatoutlookbyallowingindividualstoowntrees.（近年來，政府已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到這種前景的好處，允許個(gè)人擁有樹木），可知，政府允許個(gè)人擁有樹木，故選項(xiàng)D“允許個(gè)人擁有樹木”為答案選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“把樹木視為國家財(cái)產(chǎn)”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“確保樹木得到妥善管理”，沒有提到政府確保樹木得到妥善管理。C選項(xiàng)“對砍伐樹木作為柴火的人處以嚴(yán)厲的懲罰”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第四段第二句Thefarmerscansellthebranchesformoney.Theycanfeedthepodsasfoddertotheiranimals.Theycanselloreattheleaves.Theycansellandeatthefruits.（農(nóng)民們可以賣樹枝來賺錢。他們可以把豆莢當(dāng)作飼料喂動(dòng)物。他們可以賣或吃樹葉。他們可以賣水果，吃水果）。D選項(xiàng)“樹木耗盡土壤所需的水分”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。A選項(xiàng)“賣樹枝賺錢”，文章提到農(nóng)民可以依靠賣樹枝來掙錢，A選項(xiàng)排除。B選項(xiàng)“用豆莢喂養(yǎng)動(dòng)物”，文章提到把豆莢作為飼料喂養(yǎng)動(dòng)物，可排除B選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“賣和吃樹葉和水果”，符合文章內(nèi)容。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

52.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一、二句Theyalsohaveextraordinaryecologicalbenefits.Theirrootsfixthesoilinplace,preventingitfrombeingcarriedoffwiththefierceSahelianwindsandpreservingarableland（它們的根固定住土壤，防止它被兇猛的薩赫勒風(fēng)帶走，保護(hù)可耕種的土地），D選項(xiàng)“在作物生長期間從作物中獲取營養(yǎng)”，文章沒有提到會(huì)從作物中獲取營養(yǎng)，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“這些根可以固定土壤，有些還可以固定氮”，A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“防止土壤被狂風(fēng)吹走”，文章提到它被兇猛的薩赫勒風(fēng)帶走，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“保護(hù)耕地”，文章提到保護(hù)可耕種的土地，C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

（）theadvancesofsciencethediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asfor

B.Except

C.Besides

D.Despite

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞。A:asfor“至于”；B:except“除……之外”；C:besides“除……之外（還有）”；D:despite“盡管”。句意：盡管科學(xué)不斷發(fā)展，老年的疼痛無疑總是伴隨著我們。結(jié)合此處語境，D為正確答案。

9.單選題

Manyadultsmaythinktheyaregettingenoughshut-eye,butinamajorsleepstudyalmost80percentofrespondentsadmittedtonotgettingtheirprescribedamountofnightlyrest.So,whatexactlyistherightamountofsleep?Researchshowsthatadultsneedanaverageofseventoninehoursofsleepanightforoptimalfunctionality.Readontoseejusthowmuchofanimpactmoderatesleepdeprivationcanhaveonyourmindandbody.

Bygettinglessthansixhoursofsleepanight,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskofhighbloodpressure.Whenyousleep,