考研考博-英語(yǔ)-九江職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-九江職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theobjectiveofthispopularconsultationistodetermine（）,thefinalpoliticalstatusoftheregion,whethertoremainofthecountryasaspecialdistrict,ortopartfromit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.onceuponatime

B.onceandagain

C.allatonce

D.onceandforall

【答案】D

【解析】onceuponatime從前；onceandagain一而再，再三；allatonce突然；onceandforall徹底的，最后一次。句意：這次群眾協(xié)商的目的是一勞永逸地確定該區(qū)域的最終政治地位，是繼續(xù)作為一個(gè)特別地區(qū)保留該國(guó)，還是脫離它。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

2.單選題

Idon’tthinkthebuildingwaswell（

）andconstructed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deceived

B.perceived

C.conceived

D.achieved

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。deceive意為“欺詐”；perceive意為“意識(shí)到，察覺(jué)到”；conceive意為“想出，構(gòu)想，設(shè)想”；achieve意為“取得”。

句意：我覺(jué)得這棟建筑構(gòu)思不太巧妙，也修建得不太好。

3.填空題

Animalbehaviorwasstudiedasadisciplineonitsown,andhumanbehaviorwasstudiedsimilarlyin

relativelyisolation.However,behavioraltraitsinanimalsandinhumansmayundercertain

circumstanceshaveprofoundeffectson

A

B

C

breedingpatternsandmateselection.

D

【答案】Brelatively改為relative

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】定語(yǔ)。

【解題思路】在B部分中，isolation“孤立狀態(tài)”是名詞，應(yīng)該用形容詞作為定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，所以此處應(yīng)為relative“相比較而言的”。

【句意】動(dòng)物行為是作為一門(mén)獨(dú)立的學(xué)科來(lái)研究的，人類行為也是在相對(duì)孤立的環(huán)境中研究的。然而，在某些情況下，動(dòng)物和人類的行為特征可能會(huì)對(duì)繁殖模式和配偶選擇產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

4.單選題

Allthememoriesofhischildhoodhad（

）fromhismindbythetimehewas65.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faded

B.illustrated

C.confined

D.concerned

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。fade“褪色，凋謝，逐漸消失”；illustrate“闡明，舉例說(shuō)明”；confine“限制；禁閉”；concern“關(guān)系，與……有關(guān)”，memory“記憶”。句意：在他65歲的時(shí)候所有關(guān)于童年的記憶都消失了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

PenguinsdonotsufferfromthecoldinAntarcticabecausetheirfeathers（）aprotectiveoil.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.secrete

B.warm

C.hide

D.absorb

【答案】A

【解析】secrete藏匿,分泌；warm使...溫暖；hide隱藏；absorb吸收,承受。句意：企鵝在南極洲不受寒冷的影響,因?yàn)樗鼈兊挠鹈置谝环N保護(hù)性的油。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Workersinthiscountryaregettinghigherwageswhileturningoutpoorproductsthatdonot______thetestofinternationalcompetition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keepupwith

B.standupto

C.complywith

D.attendto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)keepupwith“趕得上”；B選項(xiàng)standupto“經(jīng)得起；抵抗”；C選項(xiàng)complywith“遵守”；D選項(xiàng)attendto“照料；致力于”。句意：該國(guó)工人們拿著更高的工資，但他們生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品卻不能______國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的考驗(yàn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，B選項(xiàng)standupto“經(jīng)得起；抵抗”搭配test“考驗(yàn)”比較合理，意指產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量低劣，符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Despitealltherefinementsofsubtletyandthedogmatismoflearning,itisbythecommonsenseandcompassionofreadersthatareuncorruptedbytheprejudicesofsomeopinionatedscholars（

）thecharactersandsituationsinmedievalandElizabethanliterature,asinanyotherliterature,canbestbejudged.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.×

【答案】A

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句?？崭袂暗膖hatareuncorruptedbytheprejudicesofsomeopinionatedscholars作為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞thecommonsenseandcompassionofreaders。空格后面thecharactersandsituationsinmedievalandElizabethanliterature是主語(yǔ)，canbestbejudged是謂語(yǔ)部分，因此itis后面的bythecommonsenseandcompassionofreaders是強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。由于被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是物，因此用that引導(dǎo)剩余部分。

8.單選題

Ahighofficialislikelytowinrespectandtrustifhecansticktohisprinciples.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnto

B.addto

C.keepto

D.leadto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。Stickto表示“堅(jiān)持”；A項(xiàng)turnto“轉(zhuǎn)向，變成”，B項(xiàng)addto“加入，加到”，C項(xiàng)keepto“堅(jiān)持，遵守”，D項(xiàng)leadto“導(dǎo)致”。句意：一個(gè)高級(jí)官員如果能堅(jiān)持自己的原則，就很可能贏得尊重和信任。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

什么是幸福？古今中外，很多人都對(duì)它作出過(guò)不少的論述。幸福是一種心境、一種感覺(jué)，是心里欲望得到滿足時(shí)的狀態(tài)，是感到生活有巨大樂(lè)趣并自然而然地希望它持續(xù)久遠(yuǎn)的愉快心情。有些人窮其一生卻找不到幸福，而有些人則時(shí)刻被幸福光環(huán)所圍繞。這是因?yàn)樾腋５娜擞幸活w感知幸福的心，有一雙善于發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福的眼睛。對(duì)于這樣的人，一切都顯得美好。房后清風(fēng)做琴，檐下雨露為弦，屋頂鳥(niǎo)啾如歌，天上月光當(dāng)酒。幸福簡(jiǎn)單又深?yuàn)W，玄妙又簡(jiǎn)潔。所以要想得到幸福就要有一種如水心態(tài)，在平淡中尋找幸福，在細(xì)微中品味幸福。幸福有時(shí)就是一個(gè)分式，欲望是分母，所得是分子。如果想得到更多的幸福，最好的方法莫過(guò)于減少分母，增加分子。

【答案】Whatishappiness?Manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussionaboutitatalltimes.Happinessisakindofmood,afeeling,astatewhendesiresintheheartissatisfied,orahappymoodwhichfeelsthegreatjoyoflifeandhopesthatitcanlastforalongtimenaturally.Somepeoplespendtheirentirelivesbutcannotfindhappiness,whileothersarealwayssurroundedbyit.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveaheartwhichcanperceivehappiness,andapairofeyeswhichisgWhatishappiness?Ancientandmodern,manypeoplehavemadealotofdiscussiononit.Happinessisamood,afeeling,astateofmindinwhichthedesiresoftheheartaresatisfied,ajoyfulmoodinwhichonefeelsthatlifehasgreatpleasuresandnaturallywantsthemtolast.Somepeoplegothroughlifewithoutfindinghappiness,whileothersaresurroundedbyahaloofhappiness.Thisisbecausehappypeoplehaveahearttoperceivehappiness,andapairofeyesgoodatfindinghappiness.Fortheseperson,alliswell.Behindthehouse,windasalyre;undertheeaves,rainanddewasastring;ontheroof,birdstweetlikeasong;andinthesky,moonlightaswine.Happinessissimpleandprofound,mysteriousandconcise.Soifyouwanttogethappiness,youshouldhaveamentalitylikewater,lookingforhappinessintheplain,andtastinghappinessinthesubtle.Happinessissometimesafraction,desireisthedenominator,whilegainsisthenumerator.Ifyouwantmorehappiness,thebestwayistoreducethedenominatorandincreasethenumerator.

10.單選題

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.doesit

B.hasit

C.doesthere

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】Therebe的反義疑問(wèn)句直接用be動(dòng)詞+there。

11.單選題

ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe（）fromfalltowinter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transmission

B.transformation

C.transition

D.transfer

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)transmission“傳動(dòng)裝置；傳送；播送”；B選項(xiàng)transformation“轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改革；變形”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡；轉(zhuǎn)變”；D選項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓；轉(zhuǎn)移；傳遞；過(guò)戶”。句意：雖然我對(duì)于變化的季節(jié)有很多喜歡的地方，但是我最喜歡的時(shí)間是從秋天到冬天的過(guò)渡。由句意可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

She（）andloweredherheadwhenshecouldn'tanswerthequestioninthepresenceofherclassmates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuted

B.defied

C.contradicted

D.disputed

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。refute反駁,駁斥;defy挑釁,不服從,公然反抗,還有使落空的意思;contradicted反駁,矛盾;disputed爭(zhēng)論,激烈辯論。句意：當(dāng)她不能在同學(xué)面前回答問(wèn)題時(shí),她感到很落空并低下了頭。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

Astheeconomygrew,anincreasingsenseofsamenessprevailedinAmericansociety.Thiswasthegreatageofconformity,whenmembersofallsocialgroupslearnedtoimitatethosearoundthemratherthanstrikeoutontheirown.Third-and-fourth-generationethnicAmericansbecamemuchmorealike.Withimmigrationslowedtoatrickleafter1924,andtiestoEuropeweakened,assimilationoccurred.Televisioncontributedtogrowingconformitybyprovidingyoungandoldwithcommon,sharedvisuallyattractiveexperience.Escapingtheassimilatingtendencieswasdifficult.SociologistDavidRiesmanpointedoutthatintheclassicnurseryrhyme“ThisLittlePigWenttoMarket,”eachpigwenthisownway.“Today,however,alllittlepigsgotomarket;nonestayhome;allhaveroastbeef,ifanydo;andallsay‘we-we.’”

Thewillingnesstoconformtogroupnormsaffectedcollegesanduniversities,wherecautiousstudentssoughtsecurity.Theyjoinedfraternitiesandsororitiesandengagedinpantyraidsandotherpranks,buttooklittleinterestinworldaffairs.“Iobserve,”YalepresidentA.WhitneyGriswoldtoldagraduatingclassin1950,“thatyousharetheprevailingmoodofthehour,whichinyourcaseconsistsofbargainsprivatelymadewithfate—onfate’sterms.”

Americansinthepostwaryearsdiscoveredasharedreligioussenseandreturnedtotheirchurchesinrecordnumbers.Churchmembershipdoubledbetween1945and1970.Inpart,churchattendancereflectedadesiretochallenge“godlesscommunism”attheheightoftheColdWarandtofindsomerelieffromthethreatofanuclearwar;inpart,itresultedfromthepowerofsuggestionthatledAmericanstodowhatothersdid.Religionalsoseemedtoreinforcetheimportanceoffamilylife.Asonesloganputit,“Thefamilythatpraystogetherstaystogether.”Moreover,religionbecameincreasinglyappealing.EvangelistBillyGraham,oftenintroducedas“amanwithGod’smessageforthesecrisisdays,”preachedtomillionsathisrevivals.Hecapitalizedonthemedia,usingradio,television,andfilmtospreadhismessage.Bytheendofthe1950s,fully95percentofallAmericansidentifiedwithsomereligiousdenomination.

46.Accordingtothecontext,wecanguessthat“thegreatageofconformity”roughlymeanstheerawhen______.

47.SociologistDavidRiesman’sremarksrevealed______.

48.WhatYalepresidentsaidshowsthatcollegestudents______.

49.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,largechurchattendanceseemstohavetodowithallofthefollowingexcept______.

50.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplefromallwalksoflifetooklittleinterestinworldaffairs

B.allsocialmemberstendedtoactthewayothersdid

C.theyoungandtheoldlearnedtonarrowtheirdifferencesandtolerateeachother

D.religionplayedanimportantroleinreinforcingtheimportanceoffamilylife

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thechangeinthedietofAmericans

B.differencesinAmericans’opinionsonnurseryeducation

C.theeffectsofeconomicgrowthonAmerican’habitsandcustoms

D.theprevailingtrendtowardsassimilationinAmericansociety

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.gaveupstrugglingforabetterfuture

B.werestrugglinghardforabetterfuture

C.wereonlyinterestedinstudents’organizations

D.werefavoredbyfate

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Americans’keenerawarenessoftheimportanceoffamilylife

B.theever-growingattractionofreligionforAmericans

C.Americans’resolvetogivefullsupporttotheColdWar

D.thegraveinternationalsituationofthetime

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.America:ADifferentSocietyfromthePast

B.SpreadofReligioninPostwarYears

C.Religion:AnImportantAspectofAmericanLife

D.ConformityinAmericanSociety

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】46.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

46.Accordingtothecontext,wecanguessthat“thegreatageofconformity”roughlymeanstheerawhen______.46.根據(jù)上下文，我們可以猜測(cè)“從眾的大時(shí)代”大致上指的是______時(shí)代。

A.peoplefromallwalksoflifetooklittleinterestinworldaffairsA.各行各業(yè)的人對(duì)世界事務(wù)不感興趣

B.allsocialmemberstendedtoactthewayothersdidB.所有社會(huì)成員都傾向于模仿他人的行為方式

C.theyoungandtheoldlearnedtonarrowtheirdifferencesandtolerateeachotherC.年輕人和老年人學(xué)會(huì)了縮小他們的差異并互相容忍

D.religionplayedanimportantroleinreinforcingtheimportanceoffamilylifeD.宗教在加強(qiáng)家庭生活重要性方面發(fā)揮了重要作用

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)thegreatageofconformity定位至第一段第二句“這是一個(gè)從眾的大時(shí)代（thegreatageofconformity），所有社會(huì)群體的成員都學(xué)會(huì)了模仿他們周圍的人，而不是開(kāi)創(chuàng)屬于自己的想法（imitatethosearoundthemratherthanstrikeoutontheirown）”，理解可知，thegreatageofconformity（從眾的大時(shí)代）就是所有社會(huì)群體成員模仿他人行為的時(shí)代。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

C選項(xiàng)“年輕人和老年人學(xué)會(huì)了縮小他們的差異并互相容忍”沒(méi)提到，無(wú)中生有；

A選項(xiàng)“各行各業(yè)的人對(duì)世界事務(wù)不感興趣”和D選項(xiàng)“宗教在加強(qiáng)家庭生活重要性方面發(fā)揮了重要作用”與題干無(wú)關(guān)，張冠李戴。

47.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

47.SociologistDavidRiesman’sremarksrevealed______.47.社會(huì)學(xué)家大衛(wèi)?里斯曼的評(píng)論揭示了______。

A.thechangeinthedietofAmericansA.美國(guó)人飲食的變化

B.differencesinAmericans’opinionsonnurseryeducationB.美國(guó)人對(duì)幼兒園教育的看法不同

C.theeffectsofeconomicgrowthonAmerican’habitsandcustomsC.經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)美國(guó)人生活習(xí)慣的影響

D.theprevailingtrendtowardsassimilationinAmericansocietyD.美國(guó)社會(huì)同化的流行趨勢(shì)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句“社會(huì)學(xué)家DavidRiesman指出，在經(jīng)典的童謠《這只小豬去市場(chǎng)》中，每只豬都走自己的路；然而，今天所有的（all）小豬都去市場(chǎng)了，沒(méi)有一個(gè)待在家里；如果有的話，他們都（all）吃烤牛肉，都（all）說(shuō)‘we-we’?！?，其中多次使用了all一詞，結(jié)合上文提到的同化傾向，社會(huì)學(xué)家大衛(wèi)?里斯曼的評(píng)論揭示了美國(guó)當(dāng)今越來(lái)越盛行的同化趨勢(shì)。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人飲食的變化”和B選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人對(duì)幼兒園教育的看法不同”表述曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)美國(guó)人生活習(xí)慣的影響”中的“生活習(xí)慣”太片面，以偏概全。

48.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

48.WhatYalepresidentsaidshowsthatcollegestudents______.48.耶魯大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)所說(shuō)的表明大學(xué)生______。

A.gaveupstrugglingforabetterfutureA.放棄了為美好的未來(lái)奮斗

B.werestrugglinghardforabetterfutureB.是在為一個(gè)更好的未來(lái)而奮斗

C.wereonlyinterestedinstudents’organizationsC.只對(duì)學(xué)生組織感興趣

D.werefavoredbyfateD.被命運(yùn)所眷顧

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先定位到第二段最后一句關(guān)于耶魯大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)所說(shuō)的話“我注意到，你當(dāng)時(shí)有同樣的主導(dǎo)情緒（prevailingmood），就你而言，這是在命運(yùn)的條件下與命運(yùn)私下達(dá)成的交易”，prevailingmood指的是上文“謹(jǐn)慎的學(xué)生為了尋求安全感而參與各種惡作劇”，其中提到了buttooklittleinterestinworldaffairs（但是對(duì)世界事務(wù)不感興趣）；綜合理解可知，耶魯大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)這一句話是表明大學(xué)生放棄了為美好未來(lái)生活的奮斗。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“是在為一個(gè)更好的未來(lái)而奮斗”與原文相反，反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“只對(duì)學(xué)生組織感興趣”表述與原文不符，文中雖然提到學(xué)生會(huì)參加一些學(xué)生組織，但這是因?yàn)樗麄兿胍獙で蟀踩校皇歉信d趣，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“被命運(yùn)所眷顧”沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，無(wú)中生有。

49.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

49.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,largechurchattendanceseemstohavetodowithallofthefollowingexcept______.49.根據(jù)第三段，大量的出席教會(huì)似乎與下列事情有關(guān)，除了______。

A.Americans’keenerawarenessoftheimportanceoffamilylifeA.美國(guó)人更加意識(shí)到家庭生活的重要性

B.theever-growingattractionofreligionforAmericansB.宗教對(duì)美國(guó)人日益增長(zhǎng)的吸引力

C.Americans’resolvetogivefullsupporttotheColdWarC.美國(guó)全力支持冷戰(zhàn)的決心

D.thegraveinternationalsituationofthetimeD.當(dāng)時(shí)嚴(yán)峻的國(guó)際形勢(shì)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位至文章第三段，第三句提到“在某種程度上，去教堂做禮拜反映了一種渴望，即在冷戰(zhàn)高峰時(shí)期挑戰(zhàn)‘無(wú)神論的共產(chǎn)主義’（challenge‘godlesscommunism’），并從核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的威脅中尋求某種解脫”，從challenge“godlesscommunism”（挑戰(zhàn)“無(wú)神論的共產(chǎn)主義”）可以看出，當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)參與教會(huì)部分原因是挑戰(zhàn)蘇聯(lián)的無(wú)神論共產(chǎn)主義，所以C項(xiàng)與原文相反。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人更加意識(shí)到家庭生活的重要性”定位第三段第四句“宗教似乎也加強(qiáng)了家庭生活的重要性（reinforcetheimportanceoffamilylife）”，可知該項(xiàng)與原文相符；

B選項(xiàng)“宗教對(duì)美國(guó)人日益增長(zhǎng)的吸引力”定位第六句“此外，宗教變得越來(lái)越有吸引力（increasinglyappealing）”，可知該項(xiàng)與原文相符；

D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)時(shí)嚴(yán)峻的國(guó)際形勢(shì)”從第三句中“挑戰(zhàn)‘無(wú)神論共產(chǎn)主義’”和“從核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的威脅中尋求某種解脫”可以看出，該項(xiàng)也正確。

50.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

50.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?50.下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以作為這篇文章的合適標(biāo)題？

A.America:ADifferentSocietyfromthePast

A.美國(guó)：一個(gè)與過(guò)去不同的社會(huì)

B.SpreadofReligioninPostwarYears

B.戰(zhàn)后宗教的傳播

C.Religion:AnImportantAspectofAmericanLife

C.宗教：美國(guó)生活的一個(gè)重要方面

D.ConformityinAmericanSociety

D.美國(guó)社會(huì)的從眾性

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】首先，看到首尾兩段核心句，首段第一句“隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的同一性在美國(guó)社會(huì)盛行（anincreasingsenseofsameness）”，以及末段第一句“戰(zhàn)后，美國(guó)人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種共同的宗教意識(shí)（asharedreligioussense），重返教堂的人數(shù)創(chuàng)下了紀(jì)錄”，可知文章主要講述的內(nèi)容是美國(guó)社會(huì)的同一性。然后，看到文章行文結(jié)構(gòu)是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，文章首先介紹美國(guó)社會(huì)同一性產(chǎn)生的歷史原因，然后從學(xué)校和宗教兩個(gè)方面來(lái)闡述同一性的表現(xiàn)。綜上所述可知，文章的關(guān)鍵詞是conformity，內(nèi)容就是美國(guó)社會(huì)的從眾性。故D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)：一個(gè)與過(guò)去不同的社會(huì)”、B選項(xiàng)“戰(zhàn)后宗教的傳播”和C選項(xiàng)“宗教：美國(guó)生活的一個(gè)重要方面”均屬于以偏概全。

14.單選題

"Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey're18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,"sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents."Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,"declaressociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversity,whoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmonths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenext.Themarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,"It*sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.’’Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimes-andleftthreetimes."WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem/'sheexplains.’’HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses."

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith"asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesofyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat

4.Theword“hassles”inthepassage(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeep

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparents

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.agreements

B.worries

C.disadvantages

D.quarrels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrown-up.

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段提到以前有一種錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)：孩子到了18歲就應(yīng)該離家獨(dú)立；有社會(huì)學(xué)家稱中產(chǎn)階級(jí)中這一觀念有著重大的轉(zhuǎn)變。由此可知，在以前的美國(guó)社會(huì)中，大多數(shù)成年的子女都會(huì)離開(kāi)家庭獨(dú)立生活，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第二段提及年輕成年人返回家的原因：結(jié)婚年齡上升；離婚率上升和再婚率下降，使得情感受挫以及經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力大的人重新尋求父母的庇護(hù)；去離家遠(yuǎn)的大學(xué)上學(xué)花費(fèi)大，所以很多人都選擇當(dāng)?shù)氐拇髮W(xué)。選項(xiàng)A、C、D都在文章中提到了，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第三段提到年輕人與父母居住會(huì)造成生活上的一些不便，比如洗手間，電話和隱私的爭(zhēng)議等等，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.hassles所在的句子：Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.由前后問(wèn)可知，這里講述的是年輕人與父母居住造成生活中的一些不便，所以hassles在這里有“爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵”的意思，比如關(guān)于洗手間、電話和隱私的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章最后一段指出大多數(shù)心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為成年子女與父母一起生活對(duì)雙方都不好：子女本來(lái)想自我獨(dú)立，卻被挫??；父母本應(yīng)該享受經(jīng)濟(jì)和個(gè)人自由，卻又被責(zé)任束縛。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Thewind（）thelightoftheoillamp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.swayed

B.vibrated

C.shook

D.flickered

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sway“影響；統(tǒng)治”；B選項(xiàng)vibrate“振動(dòng)；顫動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)shake“動(dòng)搖；搖動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)flicker“閃爍，搖曳”。句意：風(fēng)使油燈的燈光閃爍。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.單選題

Thereseemedlittledoubtthatthespreadofaparticularculturaltraitdidfollowaspecificregularpattern（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asasocietyadopted

B.whichasocietyadoptedit

C.asasocietyadoptedit

D.whenasocietyadopted

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)中的as引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的aspecificregularpattern，as在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，因此B和C選項(xiàng)從句中的it是多余的，且句中沒(méi)有提到任何時(shí)間詞，排除D。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlykid,whohadbeen（

）formorepocketmoneyallthetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressing

B.importuning

C.informing

D.improvising

【答案】B

【解析】impress給人印象；importune強(qiáng)求，一再向某人要求；inform告訴，通知；improvise即興創(chuàng)作。句意：這對(duì)夫婦一直試圖滿足他們唯一的孩子的所有需要，而孩子一直在不斷地要求更多的零花錢(qián)。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

18.單選題

In1896aGeorgiacouplesuingfordamagesintheaccidentaldeathoftheirtwo-year-oldwastoldthatsincethechildhadmadenorealeconomiccontributiontothefamily,therewasnoliabilityfordamages.Incontrast,lessthanacenturylater,in1979,theparentsofathree-year-oldsuedinNewYorkforaccidental-deathdamagesandwonanawardof$750,000.

ThetransformationinsocialvaluesimplicitinjuxtaposingthesetwoincidentsisthesubjectofVivianaZelizer’sexcellentbook,PricingthePricelessChild.Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresent-daynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlyto,itsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless”.Wellestablishedamongsegmentsofthemiddleandupperclassesbythemid-1800’s.Thisnewviewofchildhoodspreadthroughoutsocietyinthelate-nineteenthandearly-twentiethcenturiesasreformersintroducedchild-laborregulationsandcompulsoryeducationlawspredicatedinpartontheassumptionthatachild’semotionalvaluemadechildlabortaboo.

ForZelizertheoriginsofthistransformationweremanyandcomplex.Thegradualerosionofchildren’sproductivevalueinamaturingindustrialeconomy,thedeclineinbirthanddeathrates,especiallyinchildmortality,andthedevelopmentofthecompanionatefamily(afamilyinwhichmemberswereunitedbyexplicitbondsofloveratherthanduty)wereallfactorscriticalinchangingtheassessmentofchildren’sworth.Yet“expulsionofchildrenfromthe‘cashnexus’,althoughclearlyshapedbyprofoundchangesintheeconomic,occupational,andfamilystructures,”Zelizermaintains,“wasalsopartofaculturalprocessof‘sacralization’ofchildren’slives.”P(pán)rotectingchildrenfromthecrassbusinessworldbecameenormouslyimportantforlate-nineteenth-centurymiddle-classAmericans,shesuggests；thissacralizationwasawayofresistingwhattheyperceivedastherelentlesscorruptionofhumanvaluesbythemarketplace.

Instressingtheculturaldeterminantsofachild’sworth,Zelizertakesissuewithpractitionersofthenew“sociologicaleconomics”，whohaveanalyzedsuchtraditionallysociologicaltopicsascrime,marriage,education,andhealthsolelyintermsoftheireconomicdeterminants.Allowingonlyasmallroleforculturalforcesintheformofindividual“preferences”，thesesociologiststendtoviewallhumanbehaviorasdirectedprimarilybytheprincipleofmaximizingeconomicgain.Zelizerishighlycriticalofthisapproach,andemphasizesinsteadtheoppositephenomenon:thepowerofsocialvaluestotransformprice.Aschildrenbecamemorevaluableinemotionalterms,sheargues,theirexchange”or“surrender”valueonthemarket,thatis,theconversionoftheirintangibleworthintocashterms,becamemuchgreater.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethataccidental-deathdamageawardsinAmericaduringthenineteenthcenturytendedtobebasedprincipallyonthe（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatintheearly1800schildrenweregenerallyregardedbytheirfamiliesasindividualswho（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingalternativeexplanationsofthechangeinthecashvalueofchildrenwouldbemostlikelytobeputforwardbysociologicaleconomistsastheyaredescribedinthepassage?

4.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

5.Zelizerreferstoallofthefollowingasimportantinfluencesinchangingtheassessmentofchildren’sworthexceptchangesin（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.earningsofthepersonattimeofdeath

B.wealthofthepartycausingthedeath

C.degreeofculpabilityofthepartycausingthedeath

D.amountofmoneythathadbeenspentonthepersonkilled

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.neededenormousamountsofsecurityandaffection

B.requiredconstantsupervisionwhileworking

C.wereimportanttotheeconomicwell-beingofafamily

D.wereunsuitedtospendinglonghoursinschool

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thecashvalueofchildrenroseduringthenineteenthcenturybecauseparentsbegantoincreasetheiremotionalinvestmentintheupbringingoftheirchildren.

B.Thecashvalueofchildrenroseduringthenineteenthcenturybecausetheirexpectedearningsoverthecourseofalifetimeincreasedgreatly.

C.Thecashvalueofchildrenroseduringthenineteenthcenturybecausethespreadofhumanitarianidealsresultedinawholesalereappraisaloftheworthofanindividual.

D.Thecashvalueofchildrenroseduringthenineteenthcenturybeca