考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西大學(xué)行健文理學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西大學(xué)行健文理學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theproblemwithemploying（）peopleisthattheyoftendon’tstayinthejobforlong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overpriced

B.overqualified

C.overrated

D.overwhelmed

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。overpriced“定價(jià)過高的”；overqualified“資歷過高的，條件太好的”；overrated“評(píng)價(jià)過高的，高估的”；overwhelmed“不堪重負(fù)的，受寵若驚的”。句意：招聘那些不堪重負(fù)的人的問題就是這些人不會(huì)在工作崗位上待太久。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Therearemanyreasonswhythemajorityofsilentfilmshavebeenlost:thedeteriorationofhighlyvolatilenitratestock,fire,negligence,thedestructionofprintsandnegatives.__21__silentfilms,though,still22__.MaryPickford’s1911short“TheirFirstMisunderstanding”wasrecentlyfound23anoldbamand24bytheLibraryofCongress.Anditwas25in2010that75Americansilentfilms26discoveredattheNewZealandFilmArchive,includingJohnFord’slost1927“Upstream”,andrepatriatedtothemajorarchives—theLibraryofCongress,theAcademyFilmArchive,UCLAFilmandTelevisionArchive,theGeorgeEastmanHouseandtheMuseumofModernArt.

Infactthesurveypointsoutthat27the3,311filmsthatsurvivein28form,886werediscoveredinothercountries—24%ofthemhavebeenrepatriated—withtheCzechRepublic__29__thelargestcollectionofsilentAmericanfilmsoutsideoftheUnitedStates.

Thestudywaswrittenbyhistorian-archivistDavidPierce,30alsohascreatedaninventorydatabaseofinformation31commercialandprivateholdingsthat,accordingtothestudy,32inrepatriationoflostAmericanfilms.ThesurveyisoneofseveralcongressionallymandatedstudiesofAmerica’sfilmand33soundheritage.

“Unfortunately,thereis34that’salreadybeenlost,”saidSteveLeggett,programcoordinator35theNationalFilmPreservationBoardoftheLibraryofCongress.“Butthis__36identifiessomethatarearound.You37justdon’tknowsometimes38yougetovertotheseinternationalarchives—theremaybeotherstuffunidentifiedbecauseit’s39___adifferentlanguageortheyputAmericanfilmsasidebecausetheyfocusontheirowncountries’output.Sohopefully,therearesomemoregems.”Thestudy,hesaidgivea“snapshotofwhatthecurrentsituationis—justtogetalistofwhattitleswethinksurviveandwheretheyare.Wearenotgoingtobeableto40togetallofthem,buttoprioritizesomeofthetitlesyoumightwanttoget.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Lost

B.Old

C.Left

D.Hidden

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.arediscovered

B.discovered

C.hasdiscovered

D.arebeingdiscovered

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.by

C.in

D.outof

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.observed

B.preserved

C.conserved

D.reserved

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.announced

B.known

C.enacted

D.promulgated

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.were

C.hadbeen

D.havebeen

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.in

C.with

D.on

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.some

B.any

C.certain

D.special

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.dealingwith

B.finding

C.holding

D.taking

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.he

B.which

C.it

D.who

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.on

C.By

D.with

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.aids

B.willaid

C.isaiding

D.wasaided

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.subjected

B.left

C.drawn

D.recorded

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.somany

B.much

C.somuch

D.verymuch

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.in

C.from

D.with

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.study

B.statistics

C.project

D.plan

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.accidentally

B.really

C.generally

D.unfortunately

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.after

B.whenever

C.until

D.then

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.with

C.for

D.in

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.come

B.afford

C.pay

D.amount

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:A

第17題:B

第18題:C

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】21.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義銜接。上一句是“Therearemanyreasonswhythemajorityofsilentfilmshavebeenlost…”，意思是大部分的無(wú)聲電影已經(jīng)流失（丟失），其原因有很多，保存不當(dāng)，火災(zāi)，副本和底片的損壞等。下文中接著講的應(yīng)該是“不過，丟失的無(wú)聲電影一直在不斷的被發(fā)現(xiàn)”。所以silentfilms前面應(yīng)該填入與上文一致的形容詞lost。因此A選項(xiàng)符合。

22.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。這句話句意是：不過，丟失的無(wú)聲電影一直在不斷的被發(fā)現(xiàn)。無(wú)聲電影是被發(fā)現(xiàn)的，因此此處應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，B、C主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不符合；A項(xiàng)表示“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，“一直在不斷被發(fā)現(xiàn)”用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)更貼切。因此A選項(xiàng)符合。

23.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。on表示“在……上面”，by表示“通過……”，in表示“在……里面”，outof表示“在……的外面”；根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，“MaryPickford的1911部短電影《他們的第一次誤會(huì)》最近在一個(gè)舊車庫(kù)里被發(fā)現(xiàn)……”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合。

24.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Observe指以客觀態(tài)度進(jìn)行觀察，也可指遵守遵循合同條款等；preserve主要指為防止損害、變質(zhì)等而保存，使不受破壞，能長(zhǎng)久保存下去；conserve強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)有價(jià)值的東西珍惜，合理使用，常用于保護(hù)資源和野生動(dòng)物，或指節(jié)約使用資源；reserve指事先預(yù)留下來以備后用，也可用于預(yù)訂房間、票、座位等。該句句意是：MaryPickford的1911部短電影《他們的第一次誤會(huì)》最近在一個(gè)舊車庫(kù)里被發(fā)現(xiàn)并由國(guó)會(huì)圖書館保存。因此應(yīng)該選B。

25.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。Announce指“宣布、公布、聲明”，know指“知道”，enact指“制定、頒布（法律）”，promulgate指“傳播，頒布（法律）”。該句句意是2010年公布了有75部美國(guó)無(wú)聲電影被發(fā)現(xiàn)于新西蘭電影資料館。根據(jù)句意，這里指一般的宣布，因此應(yīng)該選A。

26.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句子Anditwasannouncedin2010that75Americansilentfilms…可以看出wasannounced“宣布”用的是一般過去時(shí)；該句句意是2010年公布了有75部美國(guó)無(wú)聲電影被發(fā)現(xiàn)于新西蘭電影資料館，bediscovered“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”是發(fā)生在被宣布之前，所以應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)hadbeendiscovered,因此應(yīng)該選C。

27.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。of表示“……的”，也可表示“在……（數(shù)量）中有……”；in表示“在……里面”，多指地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間等；with表示“和……一起”，多指伴隨；on表示“在……的上面”；根據(jù)句子Infactthesurveypointsoutthat…the3,311filmsthatsurvivein…form,886werediscoveredinothercountries可知大概句意是：事實(shí)上，調(diào)查表明現(xiàn)在的3311部電影不管以……形式存在，其中有886部是在其他國(guó)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的。因此A項(xiàng)更符合。

28.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義和代詞用法。Some指“一些”，與不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用；any表示“任何”，與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用；certain指“某些”，做代詞后面要跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)；special表示“特別的”；文中的form用的是單數(shù)形式，且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，該句句意是：事實(shí)上，調(diào)查表明現(xiàn)在的3311部電影不管以任何一種形式存在……，故應(yīng)選B。

29.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。Dealwith指“處理”；find指“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；hold指“擁有、保留”；take指“占據(jù)、取得”；另外，這是一個(gè)with介詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，因此動(dòng)詞用-ing的形式；這句句意是：在美國(guó)以外，捷克共和國(guó)保留著最大的無(wú)聲電影收藏。因此，此項(xiàng)選C。

30.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句子Thestudywaswrittenbyhistorian-archivistDavidPierce,…alsohascreatedaninventorydatabaseof…，可以看出這里是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是DavidPierce，指人應(yīng)該用連接代詞who；A項(xiàng)缺少連詞and，B項(xiàng)which指物，C項(xiàng)不能指人；句意是：該研究是由歷史檔案管理學(xué)家DavidPierce所做，他創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)詳細(xì)目錄數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)……。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。

31.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。for指“對(duì)于、因?yàn)?、給、為了”，on表示“在……之上、關(guān)于”，by指“通過、被、由”，with表“伴隨，和”。根據(jù)句子information…commercialandprivateholdings推斷出，句意是：關(guān)于商業(yè)和私人保留的信息；而information通常與on/about搭配，所以該題B項(xiàng)最符合。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義的判斷和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句子that,accordingtothestudy,…inrepatriationoflostAmericanfilms來看，這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，that后面引導(dǎo)的從句是修飾先行詞aninventorydatabase；句意是：根據(jù)研究，這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)將來會(huì)對(duì)無(wú)聲電影的歸還回國(guó)有幫助作用。因此要用將來時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

33.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義銜接和詞義辨析。Subjected表示“遭受的，臣服的”；left表示“剩下的，左邊的”；drawn表示“憔悴的，扭歪的”，另外bedrawnto表示吸引；recorded表示“記錄的（聲音）”；根據(jù)句意“此調(diào)查是國(guó)會(huì)授權(quán)有關(guān)美國(guó)電影和記錄的聲音遺產(chǎn)的研究之一”可知recorded符合，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

34.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查代詞和語(yǔ)法。Many“許多”做代詞指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much“大量的，許多”，做代詞指代不可數(shù)名詞。句中“That’salreadybeenlost”是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，is決定了前面的先行詞應(yīng)該是單數(shù)，所以排除A；much做代詞，不能用very修飾，排除D；根據(jù)句意“很遺憾，大多都丟失了”可知somuch比much更合適。因此選C。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。For“為……”，in“在……里”，from“從……來（地點(diǎn)）”，with“和……”；根據(jù)句子programcoordinator…theNationalFilmPreservationBoardoftheLibraryofCongress，結(jié)合上句語(yǔ)境可知句意是：國(guó)會(huì)圖書館電影保護(hù)局的項(xiàng)目協(xié)調(diào)員。用for最合適，表示為國(guó)會(huì)圖書館電影保護(hù)局做協(xié)調(diào)員，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

36.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義銜接。Study“研究、學(xué)習(xí)”，statistics“統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)”，project“項(xiàng)目、方案、工程”，plan“計(jì)劃”?！癇utthis…identifiessomethatarearound”這句話是SteveLeggett說的，從上文可以看到這一段都是SteveLeggett在對(duì)DavidPierce的研究發(fā)表自己的見解和看法，因此此處應(yīng)該填入study，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

37.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。Accidently“偶然地”，really“真正地”，generally“通常地”，unfortunately“不幸地”。根據(jù)句子You…justdon’tknowsometimes…yougetovertotheseinternationalarchives得知句意為：你的確有時(shí)候不知道，直到進(jìn)入這些國(guó)際性檔案館。所以，該題選B正確。

38.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查連詞用法。After“在……之后”，whenever“無(wú)論何時(shí)”，until“直到”，then“然后”；固定搭配not…until…表示“直到……才……”，根據(jù)句意，“你的確有時(shí)候不知道，直到進(jìn)入這些國(guó)際性檔案館”，可知該題選C正確。

39.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查介詞搭配。By“通過”，with“和”，for“為了、對(duì)”，in“用、在……里”；根據(jù)句子it’s…adifferentlanguage（以不同的語(yǔ)言呈現(xiàn)）可知，跟語(yǔ)言搭配介詞一般用in，in+語(yǔ)言表示“以某種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)”，例如：inEnglish,inChinese。因此選D。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Come“來、開始、發(fā)生”，afford“負(fù)擔(dān)、承擔(dān)”，pay“支付”，amount“總計(jì)、合計(jì)、等于”。根據(jù)句子Wearenotgoingtobeableto…togetallofthem,buttoprioritizesomeofthetitlesyoumightwanttoget.，可知句意為：我們不可能承擔(dān)得起找出所有的無(wú)聲電影，但可以優(yōu)先一些可能想要的無(wú)聲電影。根據(jù)句意，afford最合適，beaffordtodo表示“承擔(dān)得起”，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Thesuspectgavea（

）explanationforhispresenceatthescene,sothepolicedecidedtolookelsewherefortheperpetratorofthecrime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbelievable

B.credible

C.insufficient

D.apologetic

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。unbelievable“不可信的，站不住腳的”；credible“可信的，可靠的”；insufficient“不充分的，不足的”；apologetic“道歉的，辯解的”；根據(jù)句意‘由于嫌疑人為自己在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的出現(xiàn)做出了（

）解釋，所以警察決定轉(zhuǎn)向其它地方搜尋該犯罪的作案者?！_定B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Justabouteveryoneknowsthemeaningof“value”thoughyou’dneverknowitfromtheexcessesoftheEighties.Clevercampaignsoftenallowedmarketerstochargemorefortheirproductandreapever-higherprofits.Itwakedlikeadreamuntilsuddenly,facingdifficulteconomictimes,consumerswakeup.Now,totheextentthatthey’rebuying,manyconsumersarechoosingthecarthatdeliversthemostforthemonkey—notnecessarilytheonetheycovetedasastatussymbolafewyearsago,theyareshiftingtothetoothpastethatworksfromtheoneswithitslickestpromotions.Companiesthatunderstandthisnewconsumerhavecomeupwithsomethingnew:“valuemarketing”.

Awordofcautionisnecessary.Inmarketing,watchwordsquicklymetamorphousintobuzzwords—andvalueisnoexception.We’renottapingaboutadsthatmerelyboastofaproduct’svalueorevensuchlegitimatesatestoolsaspricecutsanddiscount:Usedcorrectly,valuemarketingamountstomuchmorethanjuststashingpricesdistributingcoupons.Itmeansgivingthecustomeranimprovedproduct,withads,featuresandenhancingtheroleofmarketingitself.Invaluemarketing,marketingbecomespartofthesystemfordeliveringvaluetotheconsumer.Insteadofmerelyshapingimage,suchaprogrammightofferenhanceguaranteesorlongerwarranties,adsthateducateratherthanhype,membershipclubthatbuildloyalty,frequent-buyerplans,improvedcommunicationswithcustomer,through800numbers,orpackagedesignthatmakestheproducteasiertouseormoreenvironmentallyfriendly.

Theseandothervalue-marketingtechniquescanbeexpensive.Theycantankeraddedproductionandmarketingcostsaddedtolowerunitprices.Evenso,theprincipleinvolvedinvaluemarketingvalueformoney,animprovedproduct,enhancednice,andaddedfeatures,arejustthatU.S.businessneedstoenhanceitscompetitivenessintheglobalmarketplace.That’swhyitwillbealltothegoodifthecommonsensicalvirtuesofvaluemarketingbecomepartofthepermanentstrategyofU.S.business.

1.Consumershavewakenupbecauseof（）.

2.Manyconsumersarechoosingthecommodities（）.

3.Inthe1980s,peoplewouldliketogoaftertheproducts（）.

4.Communicationswithcustomersmaybeimproved（）.

5.Avaluemarketingprogrammaynotinclude（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thepoorproductstheybought

B.thehighpricetheypaidforwhattheybought

C.thedifficulteconomictimes

D.ahorribledream

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thatareprecious

B.thatarewarranted

C.thatcanshowtheirstatus

D.thatdeliverthemostforthemoney

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thatweremostexpensive

B.thatwereup-to-date

C.thatcouldshowtheirstatus

D.thatwereinfashion

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.throughannualcustomers’congress

B.throughthefree800numbers

C.throughmembershipclubs

D.throughfrequenteducation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.dailyvisitstocustomers

B.longerwarranties

C.membershipclubs

D.environmentallyfriendlypackages

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。消費(fèi)者清醒了，因?yàn)椋x項(xiàng)A“他們買到的差質(zhì)量的商品”；選項(xiàng)B“他們花高價(jià)購(gòu)買了商品”；選項(xiàng)C“經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期”；選項(xiàng)D“一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)”，根據(jù)文章第一段中“Clevercampaignsoftenallowedmarketerstochargemorefortheirproductandreapever-higherprofits.Itwakedlikeadreamuntilsuddenly,facingdifficulteconomictimes,consumerswakeup.聰明的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)往往使?fàn)I銷人員為他們的產(chǎn)品收取更多的費(fèi)用，并獲得更高的利潤(rùn)。它像一場(chǎng)夢(mèng)一樣的突然醒來，由于經(jīng)歷困難的經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期，消費(fèi)者清醒了”，由此句可知經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期是消費(fèi)者清醒的導(dǎo)火索，商家提高商品價(jià)格，使得消費(fèi)者花高價(jià)購(gòu)買了商品是消費(fèi)者清醒過來的根本原因，此處應(yīng)該選擇真正使得消費(fèi)者不再相信商家任意抬高的商品價(jià)格，清醒過來的根本原因，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。許多消費(fèi)者會(huì)選擇什么樣的商品，選項(xiàng)A“寶貴的”；選項(xiàng)B“有保障的”；選項(xiàng)C“能夠展示他們地位的”；選項(xiàng)D“更多的考慮價(jià)格”，根據(jù)文章第一段中“Now,totheextentthatthey’rebuying,manyconsumersarechoosingthecarthatdeliversthemostforthemonkey—notnecessarilytheonetheycovetedasastatussymbolafewyearsago…現(xiàn)在，就他們的購(gòu)買限度來說，許多消費(fèi)者選擇價(jià)格最合適的車，而不必要像幾年前一樣，選擇能夠代表社會(huì)地位的車”，此處是以車為例說明了現(xiàn)在消費(fèi)者的購(gòu)買傾向，所以在購(gòu)買其他產(chǎn)品的時(shí)候他們同樣也會(huì)考慮價(jià)格再做出選擇，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。在19世紀(jì)80年代，人們會(huì)追崇什么商品，選項(xiàng)A“最貴的”；選項(xiàng)B“最新的”；選項(xiàng)C“展示他們社會(huì)地位的”；選項(xiàng)D“時(shí)髦的”，根據(jù)第一段中“manyconsumersarechoosingthecarthatdeliversthemostforthemonkey—notnecessarilytheonetheycovetedasastatussymbolafewyearsago許多消費(fèi)者會(huì)選擇價(jià)格最合適的車，而不必要像幾年前一樣，選擇能夠代表社會(huì)地位的車”，可知幾年前，也差不多就是80年代的時(shí)候，人們會(huì)傾向于選擇能夠展示他們社會(huì)地位的商品，而不是那些最貴的，最新的或者時(shí)髦的，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。與消費(fèi)者的溝通可能會(huì)通過什么來提高，選項(xiàng)A“通過每年召開消費(fèi)者會(huì)議”；選項(xiàng)B“通過免費(fèi)電話”；選項(xiàng)C“通過會(huì)員俱樂部”；選項(xiàng)D“通過經(jīng)常的教育”，根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“improvedcommunicationswithcustomer,through800numbers通過免費(fèi)電話增加與消費(fèi)者的溝通”，可知提高與消費(fèi)者的溝通是通過800免費(fèi)電話，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。價(jià)值營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)不包括，選項(xiàng)A“每天拜訪消費(fèi)者”；選項(xiàng)B“更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的保證”；選項(xiàng)C“會(huì)員俱樂部”；選項(xiàng)D“環(huán)境友好的包裝”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中對(duì)價(jià)值營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)的介紹，我們可以知道提及了以下幾個(gè)項(xiàng)目：更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的保證、注重教育而不是大肆宣傳的廣告、會(huì)員俱樂部、免費(fèi)電話、采購(gòu)計(jì)劃、電話、提高包裝設(shè)計(jì)，可知沒有提到的活動(dòng)是“每天拜訪消費(fèi)者”，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

5.單選題

Mrs.Deborahcouldnothelpexclaimingagainstthe（）ofhermaster,andespeciallyagainsthissufferinghertoconcealthefatherofthechild.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bias

B.clemency

C.mildness

D.justice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:Deborah夫人忍不住指責(zé)丈夫的寬容，特別是允許她對(duì)孩子父親隱瞞的做法。

考查名詞辨析。bias偏見，偏愛；clemency仁慈，溫和，寬容，寬厚；mildness溫和,溫暖;justice司法，法律制裁，正義，法官。根據(jù)后半句句意可知B符合句意。

6.問答題

AmongthemorebenignactivitiesoftheUnitedNationsisthededicationofvariousyearstospecificcauses.Mountains,deserts,riceanddialoguehaveallhadtheir365daysoffame.Thereislittleevidencethattheattentionhasdonemountains,desertsriceanddialogueanyharm—butalsonotmuchtosuggestthattheyhavebenefitedeither.

Inthenext12monthsthespotlightfallsonmicrofinance,thebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem.Withluck,theUN’seffortwillturnouttobesubstantialratherthansymbolic.Itcertainlykickedoffinstyle,withabigpartyattheUN’sNewYorkheadquartersthatdemonstratedhowfashionablethesubjecthasbecome.Amongthe700inattendanceweretopbankers,politiciansandafilmstarortwo.TheUNalsoannouncedtheappointmentofanadvisorypaneltoconsiderwhatmaybeimpedingthegrowthandeffectivenessofmicrofinance.

ThesuccessoftheyeardependstoagreatextentonwhethertheUNcanharnessitsmemberstatesandfinancialinstitutionstoestablishsomebasicfacts.Remarkablylittleisknownabouthowfinanceoperatesoutsidewealthycountries.Nogooddataexistonhowmanypeoplehaveaccesstofinancialinstitutions,thebreadthandpenetrationofbanksinpoorcountries,therealcostofaloanandthetimeittakestogetone,theeaseofmakingadepositandsoforth.

Microfinanceitselfissomethingofamystery.Therearenoauthoritativefiguresonthenumberandperformanceofmicrofinancelendinginstitutions.Thereisnotevenconvincinginformation,beyondlotsofanecdotesillustratedbyphotographsofwomeninruralvillages,aboutwhethermicrofinancemakesany.significantcontributiontoeconomicgrowthorismerelyanotherphilanthropicfad.

Inprinciple,loanstothepoorshouldbringgreatbenefits,becausethepoorhavelesscapitalandoftencanborrowonlywithgreatdifficulty.Ifatall,theyoughttouseextracapitalmoreproductivelythantherich.Indeed,thismightexplainwhyeveninthepoorestplacesthereissomeformofmoneylendingdespitestaggeringlyhighinterestrates;1,000%ayearisnotuncommon.However,suchratesinevitablytakeatollonenterpriseandeconomicgrowth.Theyearofmicrocreditwillhaveproventobeofgreatworthifitcanfirstdocumenttheimpedimentstomoreefficientformsoffinancialintermediationandthenbegintoclearthemaway.

Forexample,theUNwoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplaintthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbias.Iftheydo,theUN’sinterestmayhastenchange:somefinancialinstitutionsarealreadymakingeffortstoworkwiththepoor,eitherdirectlyorbyprovidingwholesaleservicestosmallerfinancialinstitutions.Andmanyworkinginmicrofinancecomplainthattheirsmallsizeandlackoftraditionalassetsmakeithardtoattractcapitaleitherontheirownaccountorthroughsyndicatedloans.Ayearhence,perhapssomeofthiswillbechanged.

Whatismicrofmance?Accordingtothetext,howisthecurrentperformanceofmicrofinance?(5points)

Whatarethepossiblebenefitsofmicrofinancetothepoorpeople?WhatshouldtheUNdotopromotemicrofinance?(5points)

【答案】第一問由文章第二段中“thebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem”可知答案；第二問由文章第四段內(nèi)容可知答案。

試題答案：

Accordingtothetext,microfinanceisthebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem.

Accordingtothetext,thecurrentperformanceofmicrofinanceisnotclearbecausetherearenoauthoritativefiguresonthenumberandperformanceofmicrolendinginstitutions,aboutwhethermicrofinancemakesanysignificantcontributiontoeconomicgrowthorismerelyanotherphilanthropicfad.

第一問由文章倒數(shù)第二段中“l(fā)oanstothepoorshouldbringgreatbenefits,becausethepoorhavelesscapitalandoftencanborrowonlywithgreatdifficulty”可知答案；第二問由文章最后一段中“theUNwoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplaintthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbias”可知答案。

試題答案：

Microfinancecanhelpthepoorsolvetheproblemofhavinglesscapital,andenablesthemtoborrowcapitalwithlessdifficultythanbefore.

TheUNshoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplainthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbiastopromotemicrofinance.

7.單選題

[A]Standinginthedriveway,thehouse[B]appearedtobemuchsmallerthanithad[C]seemedtous[D]aschildrenmanyyearsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Standinginthedriveway

B.appeared

C.seemed

D.aschildren

【答案】A

【解析】【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

【解題思路】Standinginthedriveway（站在車道上）為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該為“名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞”，Standing的主語(yǔ)為we，因此A選項(xiàng)改為Westandinginthedrivingway。

【句意】站在車道上，這所房子似乎比許多年前我們孩提時(shí)所看到的要小得多。

8.單選題

Theneedforsolarelectricityisclear.Itissafe,ecologicallysound,efficient,continuouslyavailable,andithasnomovingparts.Thebasicproblemwiththeuseofsolarphotovoltaicdevicesiseconomics,butuntilrecentlyverylittleprogresshasbeenmadetowardthedevelopmentoflow-costphotovoltaicdevices.Thelargerpartofresearchfundinghasbeendevotedtostudyofsingle-crystalsiliconsolarcells,despitetheevidence,includingthatoftheleadingmanufacturersofcrystallinesilicon,thatthetechniqueholdslittlepromise.Thereasonforthispatternisunderstandableandhistorical.Crystal-linesiliconistheactive,elementintheverysuccessfulsemiconductorindustry,andvirtuallyallofthesolidstatedevicescontainsilicontransistorsanddiodes.Crystallinesilicon,however,isparticularlyunsuitabletoterrestrialsolarcells.

Crystallinesiliconsolarcellsworkwellandaresuccessfullyusedinthespaceprogram,wherecostisnotanissue.Whilesingle-crystalsiliconhasbeenproveninextraterrestrialusewithefficienciesashighas18percent,andothermoreexpensiveandscarcematerialssuchasgalliumarsenidecanhaveevenhigherefficiencies,costsmustbereducedbyafactorofmorethan100tomakethempracticalforcommercialuse.Besidethefactthatthestartingcrystallinesiliconisexpensive,95percentofitiswastedanddoesnotappearinthefinaldevice.Recently,therehavebeensomeimaginativeattemptstomakepolycrystallineandribbonsilicon,whicharelowerincostthanhighqualitysinglecrystals;buttodateefficienciesoftheseapparentlylower-costarrayshavebeenunacceptablysmall.Moreover,thesematerialsarecheaperonlybecauseoftheintroductionofdisorderingincrystallinesemiconductors,anddisorderdegradestheefficiencyofcrystallinesolarcells.

Thisdilemmacanbeavoidedbypreparingcompletelydisorderedoramorphousmaterials.Amorphousmaterialshavedisorderedatomicstructureascomparedtocrystallinematerials:thatis,theyhaveonlyshort-rangeorderratherthanthelong-rangeperiodicityofcrystals.Theadvantagesofamorphoussolarcellsareimpressive.Whereascrystalscanbegrownaswafersaboutfourinchesindiameter,amorphousmaterialscanbegrownoverlargeareasinasingleprocess.Whereascrystallinesiliconmustbemade200micronsthicktoabsorbasufficientamountofsunlightforefficientenergyconversion,only1micronoftheproperamorphousmaterialsisnecessary.Crystallinesiliconsolarcellscostinexcessof$100persquarefoot,butamorphousfilmscanbecreatedatacostofabout50cpersquarefoot.

Althoughmanyscientistswereawareoftheverylowcostofamorphoussolarcells,theyfeltthattheycouldneverbemanufacturedwiththeefficienciesnecessarycontributesignificantlytothedemandforelectricpower.Thiswasbasedonamisconceptionaboutthefeaturewhichdeterminesefficiency.Forexample,itisnottheconductivityofthematerialinthedarkwhichisrelevant,butonlythephotoconductivity,thatis,theconductivityinthepresenceofsunlight.Already,solarcellswithefficiencieswellabove6percenthavebeendevelopedusingamorphousmaterials,andfurtherresearchwilldoubtlessfindevenlesscostlyamorphousmaterialwithefficiencies.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Theauthormentionsrecentattemptstomakepolycrystallineandribbonsiliconprimarilyinorderto

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingpairsoftermsdoestheauthorregardasmostnearlysynonymous?

4.Thematerialinthepassagecouldbestbeusedinanargumentfor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advocatingincreasedgovernmentfundingforresearchonalternativeenergysources

B.explainingthefunctioningofsolarcells

C.presentingahistoryofresearchonenergysources

D.describingapossiblesolutiontotheproblemofthecostofphotovoltaiccells

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.minimizetheimportanceofrecentimprovementsinsiliconsolarcells

B.demonstratethesuperiorityofamorphousmaterialsovercrystallinesilicon

C.informthereaderthatanalternativetypeofsolarcellexists

D.contrastcrystallinesiliconwithpolycrystallineandribbonsilicon

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.solarandextraterrestrial

B.photovoltaicdevicesandsolarcells.

C.crystallinesiliconandamorphousmaterials

D.amorphousmaterialsandhigherefficiencies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.discontinuingthespaceprogram

B.increasedfundingforresearchonamorphousmaterials

C.furtherstudyofthehistoryofsiliconcrystals

D.increasedrelianceonsolarenergy

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由“Thebasicproblemwiththeuseofsolarphotovoltaicdevicesiseconomics,butuntilrecentlyverylittleprogresshasbeenmadetowardthedevelopmentoflow-costphotovoltaicdevices.使用太陽(yáng)能光伏設(shè)備的基本問題是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，但直到最近，在開發(fā)低成本光伏設(shè)備方面幾乎沒有取得進(jìn)展?！币约暗谌蝍morphousmaterials的優(yōu)點(diǎn)可知作者關(guān)心尋找低成本的可替代能源?？芍狣項(xiàng)“描述了光伏電池成本問題的一種可能解決方案”相符。

2.判斷推理題從“Recently，therehavebeensomeimaginativeattemptsto

makepolycrystallineandribbonsilicon,whicharelowerincostthanhighqualitysinglecrystals;buttodateefficienciesoftheseapparentlylower-costarrayshavebeenunacceptablysmall.Moreover,thesematerialsarecheaperonlybecauseoftheintroductionofdisorderingincrystallinesemiconductors,anddisorderdegradestheefficiencyofcrystallinesolarcells.但到目前為止，這些成本明顯較低的陣列的效率一直小得令人無(wú)法接受。此外，這些材料更便宜只是因?yàn)榫w半導(dǎo)體中無(wú)序的引入，無(wú)序降低了晶體太陽(yáng)能電池的效率?！庇纱丝梢酝评?，這種嘗試改進(jìn)沒有多大的價(jià)值，可知A項(xiàng)“盡量減少近期硅太陽(yáng)能電池改進(jìn)的重要性”正確。B項(xiàng)“說明非晶態(tài)材料優(yōu)于晶態(tài)硅材料”；C項(xiàng)“告訴讀者，有一種替代類型的太陽(yáng)能電池存在”D項(xiàng)“對(duì)比晶體硅與多晶硅和帶狀硅”。

3.判斷推理題。由第一段“Thebasicproblemwiththeuseofsolar