考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廊坊師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廊坊師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Momflippedher（）whenshefoundoutIwaspregnant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.chart

B.finger

C.side

D.lid

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。Flipone’slid是一句美國(guó)俚語(yǔ)，意為發(fā)怒，發(fā)火，失去控制，變得狂熱，大發(fā)脾氣。句意：媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)我懷孕后大發(fā)雷霆。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

In1924,aMexicanphilosopherwroteabookdreamingofthepossibilitythat,inthefuture,allracesontheplanetwouldmergeintoonetypeofman.ThisofmanisbeingborneinLosAngeles,intheculturalsenseifnottheanthropological(a.人類學(xué)的)sense.Avastmosaic(n.拼盤)ofdifferentraces,cultures,religions,andmoralhabitsareworkingtowardonecommonaim.Fromtheperspectiveofaworldsubmergedinreligious,ethnic,andracialconflict,thisharmoniouscooperationissomethingunbelievable.Itistrulystriking.

Whatiscommonaimthatharmonizescompetingculturesinoneplace?

Itisnotonlythebetterlivingstandard.WhatattractsimmigrantstoAmericaistheessentialcharacteristicofAmericanculture:thechancetotry.Thereisacombinationoftwothingsthatareimportant:cultureandspace.Thecultureallowsyoutotrytobesomebody——tofindyourself,yourplace,yourstatus.Andthereisspacenotonlyinageographicalsense,butinthesenseofopportunity,ofsocialmobility.Insocietiesthatareincrisisorarestagnant(a.停滯的)——orevenarestable——thereisnochancetotry.

IftheimmigranttoAmericaatfirstfails,healwaysthinks,“Iwilltryagain.”Ifhehadfailedintheoldsociety,hewouldbediscouragedandpessimistic,acceptingtheplacethatwasgiventohim.InAmerica,he’sthinking,“Iwillhaveanotherchance,Iwilltryagain.”Thatkeepshimgoing.He'sfullofhope.

【答案】1924年，一位墨西哥哲學(xué)家在他的一本著作中，夢(mèng)想著未來地球上所有不同種族都融合成一種類型人的可能性。在文化的意義上，即便不是在人種的意義上，這樣一種類型的人正在洛杉磯誕生。由不同種族、不同文化、不同宗教和不同道德行為組成的巨大合成體正奔向一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)。世界充滿著宗教的、種族的、民族的沖突，從這個(gè)角度來看，這種融洽的合作令人難以置信。也的確令人矚目。

使得在一個(gè)地區(qū)的相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的文化和諧共存的共同目標(biāo)是什么呢？

目標(biāo)不僅僅是更高的生活水準(zhǔn)。吸引移民前來美國(guó)的是美國(guó)文化的主要特性：有嘗試的機(jī)會(huì)。文化與空間這兩個(gè)重要方面結(jié)合了起來。文化使你得想辦法出人頭地——去發(fā)現(xiàn)自我，找到自己的位置、自己的地位。還有空間，不僅僅是地理意義上的空間，更是指機(jī)會(huì)，指社會(huì)身份的流動(dòng)性。在充滿危機(jī)的社會(huì)中，在停滯不前的社會(huì)中——甚至在那些穩(wěn)定的社會(huì)中——沒有嘗試的機(jī)會(huì)。

如果美國(guó)移民開始時(shí)遭遇失敗，他總是想：“我要再試一下”。如果他在原來的社會(huì)中遭遇失敗，他就會(huì)失去信心，變得悲觀失望，接受自己所處的地位。在美國(guó)，他想的是：“我還會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)，我還要試一下。”這使他堅(jiān)持下去。他充滿了希望。

3.單選題

Eyecontactisimportantbecausewrongcontactmaycreateacommunication（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tragedy

B.vacuum

C.question

D.barrier

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。tragedy悲劇，災(zāi)難；vacuum真空；question問題，疑問；barrier障礙，界線。

句意：眼神交流很重要，因?yàn)殄e(cuò)誤的眼神交流可能會(huì)造成溝通障礙。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

4.單選題

Itisnotadvisableto（）inaffairsthatareofnoconcerntoyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impart

B.ponder

C.meddle

D.abound

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)impart“給予（尤指抽象事物），傳授；告知，透露”；B選項(xiàng)ponder“考慮；沉思”；C選項(xiàng)meddle“干預(yù)；干涉”；D選項(xiàng)abound“富于；充滿”。句意：去干涉與你無關(guān)的事情是不明智的。根據(jù)句意判斷出C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thefirstreactiononehastothequestionofviableapproachestothecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalweaponsisthattherearenosuchapproaches.Anditismostdifficulttodispensewiththisfirstreaction.Thereasonsarethatthenations,includingsomeofthesmallerones,arealreadydownstreamtoofar.ThelargerstoresofweaponsforCBwarfaremayberestrictedtothemajorpowers,butthereislittledoubtthatanincreasingcapabilityisproliferatingtosomeofthesmalleranddevelopingcountries.Whatusedtobelargelyapictureofresearchhasturnedtodevelopment,anddevelopmenthasturnedtomanufacturingandstockpiling.Thesubjectisshroudedinsecrecyanditisthesecrecywhichseemstoprovideanonstopmomentumtorealizethefullpotentialofthesetypesofweapons.Noonereallyknowswhatsomeoneelsemayhavereadyforemploymentinamilitarysituation.ThelargeandexpensiveprogramsintheUnitedStatesandRussiaareattributedtoeachother’s“l(fā)argeandexpensiveprograms”.Knowledgeandcapabilityrequiredfordetectionanddefensearetiedtoknowledgeandcapabilityforretaliation.The“nofirstuse”policyoftheUnitedStatesandothermajornationsimpliesthatthisretaliationbeinkind,andthisrequiresthatweaponsoftheCBclassbeavailable.

Aphilosophyofmutualdeterrence(制約)isdevelopinginCBwarfarecomparabletothatinnuclearwarfare.Infact,muchoftheliteratureonthesubjectrepeatsthatthestalemateinthelatteropensuptheneedforcapabilityintheformer.Asanarmsrace,CBWdoesnotpresentthespiralingcostsoftheICBM-ABMsystems,henceamovementtoCBweapons(especiallychemical)amongsomesmallernations.Sofarasthemajorpowersareconcerned,theelementsinCBWwhichareincommonwiththenucleararmsraceincludethenow-acceptedapproachtothatrace.ThusindiscussingcontrolofCBwarfare,aneditorialintheBritishjournal,Nature,concluded:“Thebalanceofterrorbetweenthegreatpowerblocsmaynotbetoeverybody’staste,butitisprobablystillthebestwayofavoidingWar.”

1.Itcanbeinferredthatthecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalwarfare（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTgivenasacauseforthecontinueddevelopmentofCBweapons?

3.ThewriterintheBritishjournalmightfeelthattheresearchanddevelopmentofCBsystemsshouldbe（）.

4.ThejustificationfortheUnitedStates’participationinCBwarfareprogramsismainlyduetothe（）.

5.Themainpurposeofthisarticleisto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.islesscostlythancontrollingothersystemsofwarfare

B.maynotbepossibleornecessarilydesirable

C.isinthehandsoftheUnitedStatesandRussia

D.shouldbecomeamatterofprimeimportance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thehostilitiesbetweenthenationsinvolved.

B.TheneedtobeabletodetectaCBattack.

C.OtherweaponsprogramsaremorecostlythanthedevelopmentofaCBsystem.

D.Thecountriesinvolvedareunawareofwhattheothersaredoing.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.encouragedandexpanded

B.conductedonlybythemajorpowers

C.immediatelyhalted

D.maintainedasitisnow

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.needforundetectableweaponry

B.costlinessofthenuclearprograms

C.Russia’shavingsuchaprogram

D.abilityofmodernresearchtodevelopthem

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.showtheindifferenceinstoppingCBwarfareprograms

B.explainthecostofCBwarfare

C.discussalternativestoCBwarfare

D.makethereaderawareofthedangersofCBwarfare

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。由thecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalwarfare定位到文章第一段“Thefirstreactiononehastothequestionofviableapproachestothecontrolofchemicalandbiologicalweaponsisthattherearenosuchapproaches…”，即人們對(duì)控制化學(xué)和生物武器的可行辦法問題的第一反應(yīng)是覺得根本沒有這種辦法，并且研究生化武器的能力正擴(kuò)散到一些較小和發(fā)展中的國(guó)家。這說明控制生化武器也許是不可能的，或者說不能令人滿意。A選項(xiàng)“islesscostlythancontrollingothersystemsofwarfare”意為“比控制其他戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)系統(tǒng)成本更低”，原文雖將生化武器和洲際導(dǎo)彈的成本進(jìn)行對(duì)比，但這不是控制生化武器的原因，反而是一些小國(guó)開始使用生化武器的原因；B選項(xiàng)“maynotbepossibleornecessarilydesirable”意為“也許不可能或不一定是令人滿意的”，與原文相符；C選項(xiàng)“isinthehandsoftheUnitedStatesandRussia”意為“都掌握在美國(guó)和俄羅斯手中”，與原文不符，研究生化武器的能力也逐漸被一些小國(guó)掌握；D選項(xiàng)“shouldbecomeamatterofprimeimportance”意為“應(yīng)該成為頭等大事”原文沒有相關(guān)表達(dá)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:判斷推理題。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和題干可知，本題需逐個(gè)分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“Thehostilitiesbetweenthenationsinvolved”，意為“國(guó)家之間的敵對(duì)狀態(tài)”，原文“ThelargeandexpensiveprogramsintheUnitedStatesandRussiaareattributedtoeachother’s‘largeandexpensiveprograms’”美俄兩國(guó)將開發(fā)生化武器歸結(jié)于對(duì)方也有這些生化武器，即出于敵對(duì)目的；B選項(xiàng)“TheneedtobeabletodetectaCBattack”意為“探測(cè)到生化武器攻擊的需要”，原文并未提及；C選項(xiàng)“OtherweaponsprogramsaremorecostlythanthedevelopmentofaCBsystem”意為“其他武器項(xiàng)目比生化武器系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)成本更高”，原文“Asanarmsrace,CBWdoesnotpresentthespiralingcostsoftheICBM-ABMsystems”生化武器的成本不如洲際導(dǎo)彈的成本高，所以國(guó)家會(huì)選擇研究生化武器；D選項(xiàng)“Thecountriesinvolvedareunawareofwhattheothersaredoing”意為“所涉及的國(guó)家不知道其他國(guó)家在做什么”，原文“Noonereallyknowswhatsomeoneelsemayhavereadyforemploymentinamilitarysituation”沒有人真正知道別人在軍事形勢(shì)下準(zhǔn)備好了什么，所以自己也要研究生化武器來確保安全。由此可推測(cè)出，正是由于各國(guó)秘密研究生化武器，為別國(guó)研究生化武器提供了動(dòng)力。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:判斷推理題。由theBritishjournal定位到文章第二段最后一句“aneditorialintheBritishjournal,Nature,concluded:‘Thebalanceofterrorbetweenthegreatpowerblocs…’”，社論總結(jié)到“大國(guó)集團(tuán)之間的恐怖平衡可能不符合每個(gè)人的口味，但它可能仍然是避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的最佳方式”。由此可知，生化武器系統(tǒng)基本被主要的大國(guó)勢(shì)力控制了。A選項(xiàng)“encouragedandexpanded”意為“鼓勵(lì)和擴(kuò)大”，社論并沒有鼓舞生化武器的擴(kuò)大；B選項(xiàng)“conductedonlybythemajorpowers”意為“僅由主要大國(guó)控制”，符合原文；C選項(xiàng)“immediatelyhalted”意為“立即停止”，原文沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“maintainedasitisnow”意為“維持現(xiàn)狀”，原文“maynotbetoeverybody’staste”可能不符合每個(gè)人的口味，說明現(xiàn)狀不能令每個(gè)人滿意，所以不應(yīng)維持現(xiàn)狀。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:判斷推理題。由theUnitedStates定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第三句“ThelargeandexpensiveprogramsintheUnitedStatesandRussiaareattributedtoeachother’s‘largeandexpensiveprograms’”美國(guó)和俄羅斯的大型和昂貴的項(xiàng)目被歸因于彼此的大型和昂貴的項(xiàng)目。由此可推測(cè)，美國(guó)研究生化武器是因?yàn)槎砹_斯也有研究。A選項(xiàng)“needforundetectableweaponry”意為“需要不可探測(cè)的武器”，原文未提及不可探測(cè)的武器；B選項(xiàng)“costlinessofthenuclearprograms”意為“核項(xiàng)目的昂貴”，原文未提及核武器的成本；C選項(xiàng)“Russia’shavingsuchaprogram”意為“俄羅斯有這樣一個(gè)計(jì)劃”，與原文相符；D選項(xiàng)“abilityofmodernresearchtodevelopthem”意為“現(xiàn)代研究發(fā)展它們的能力”，原文并未提及現(xiàn)代研究能力。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和題干可知，本題需逐個(gè)分析各個(gè)選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“showtheindifferenceinstoppingCBwarfareprograms”意為“對(duì)停止生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)方面表現(xiàn)出漠不關(guān)心”，與原文不符，全文第一段就已提出控制生化武器的話題；B選項(xiàng)“explainthecostofCBwarfare”意為“解釋生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的成本”，這只是原文第二段的一部分內(nèi)容，并不是原文的主旨大意；C選項(xiàng)“discussalternativestoCBwarfare”意為“討論生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的替代方案”，原文第一段提出控制生化武器的話題，然后最后一句話總結(jié)到避免生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的方法就是大國(guó)保持相對(duì)平衡，所以本文就是在討論生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的替代方案；D選項(xiàng)“makethereaderawareofthedangersofCBwarfare”意為“使讀者意識(shí)到生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的危險(xiǎn)”，原文并未舉例說明或是提及生化武器戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的危險(xiǎn)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Theoverwhelmingmajorityofpeasantcommunicationswereoralinnatureinasocietythatwasstilllargely______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explicit

B.contradictory

C.illiterate

D.momentous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)explicit“（說話）清晰的，明確的”；B選項(xiàng)contradictory“相互矛盾的”；C選項(xiàng)illiterate“文盲的，不識(shí)字的”；D選項(xiàng)momentous“關(guān)鍵的，重要的”。句意：絕大多數(shù)的農(nóng)民交流都是口頭的，當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)很大程度上是______。在當(dāng)時(shí)那個(gè)社會(huì)，大多數(shù)農(nóng)民用口頭交流，而不用文字，C選項(xiàng)illiterate“文盲的，不識(shí)字的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Totestthe（

）ofborrowingfromonefieldofstudytoenrichanother,simplyinvestigatetheextenttowhichtermsfromtheonemay,withoutforcing,beutilizedbytheother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.universality

B.rate

C.decorum

D.efficacy

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。universality普遍性；廣泛性；一般性；多方面性；rate比率；速度；價(jià)格；等級(jí)；decorum禮儀；禮貌；端正；恪守禮儀；efficacy功效，有效性。句意：為了測(cè)試借用一個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容去充實(shí)另一個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)容的有效性，要簡(jiǎn)單地調(diào)查源于一個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域的術(shù)語(yǔ)在多大程度上可以自然地被其他研究領(lǐng)域所利用。由“simplyinvestigatetheextenttowhichtermsfromtheonemay,withoutforcing,beutilizedbytheother可知“有效性”符合。故D項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.

Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.

Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11andavianfluremindusthatasmaller,fasterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.

Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge—butdesperatelyinneedofwisdom.Now,whensoundbitesaregettingshorter,wheninstantmessagescrowdoutessays,andwhenindividuallivesgrowmorecrazy,collegegraduatescapableofdeepreflectionarewhatourworldneeds.

ForallthesereasonsIbelieved—andIbelieveevenmorestronglytoday—intheuniqueandirreplaceablemissionofuniversities.

【答案】科技和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步正在使我們能夠去了解宇宙最遠(yuǎn)的地方、物質(zhì)最基本的成分和生命的奇跡。

與此同時(shí)，人類今天的作為和不作為，不僅危及地球上的生命，且還危害地球本身的壽命。

全球化正在讓世界變得更小、更快速地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)和更富裕。但是，9/11事件和禽流感卻提醒我們一個(gè)更小、更快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的世界不一定是一個(gè)更安全的世界。

我們的世界正充滿知識(shí)，但其迫切需要智慧?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)（新聞采訪的）原聲摘要播出正變得更短、即時(shí)信息排擠短文和和個(gè)人生活變得更瘋狂時(shí)，能夠深思的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生是我們這個(gè)世界所需要的。

由于這些原因，我相信，并且我今天甚至更堅(jiān)定地相信，大學(xué)有著獨(dú)特的且無可取代的使命。

9.翻譯題

Today,weanxiouslyscrutinizeexaminationscoresandworrywhetherourchildwillbeadmittedintoprestigiousuniversity.Mostofthetime,theirritatingchildorstudentwithlowscoresonlyreceivesnegativeattention.ConsideringthehueandcriesaboutteachingChinesestudentstobemorecreative,andtheconstantcomparisonsofthedifferencesbetweenEastandWesteducation,maybewearefutilelytryingtopoundsquarepegintoroundholes.

Creativityisrelatedtoproblem-solvingability,andthefundamentaltruthisthatcreativityandeffectivenesscallsforafullyengagedmind.Ontheonehand,acreativepersonislikeafleshandbloodcomputer,collecting,assembling,arrangingandintegratingdata.Ontheotherhand,thecreativepersonistheattentivestudentoflife.Peoplewantingtoacquireacreativementalitymustfirstandforemostbeinthemind-setoffullyembracingalloftheirlearningexperience.Themindisthechain,andthevarietyofideasandexperiencesarethegears.

Thepersonalorientationtowardachievementisanattitude.Learninganddemonstratingcreativedecision-makingisnotaby-productfrombeingconditionedtomemorizecorrectanswers,orretrieveexactbitsofdataforproducingahighfinalscore.Creativityisaby-productofmentalrisk-takingandexperimentation,andoneisfullyengagingpersonalthinkinginthefunofabstractplay:mentalgymnastics.

【答案】【參考譯文】今天，我們焦慮地查著考試分?jǐn)?shù)，擔(dān)心小孩是否有望被名牌大學(xué)錄取。大多數(shù)情況下，令人惱火的小孩或分?jǐn)?shù)低的學(xué)生僅得到消極的關(guān)心。在呼吁提高中國(guó)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性的抗議聲和中西方教育差異的對(duì)比的影響下，我們的做法無異于方枘圓鑿不得其所。

創(chuàng)造力通常與問題解決能力相關(guān)，而且基本的事實(shí)是創(chuàng)造力和有效性需要全神貫注的頭腦。一方面，一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的人如同一臺(tái)有血有肉的計(jì)算機(jī)，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行收集、匯集、整理和整合；另一方面，有創(chuàng)造力的人是生活中最細(xì)心的學(xué)生。想要擁有創(chuàng)造性頭腦的人必須首先下定決心去徹底領(lǐng)會(huì)所有的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。頭腦是鏈條，而各種想法和經(jīng)歷是齒輪。

個(gè)人的成就取向是一種態(tài)度。學(xué)習(xí)和展示創(chuàng)造性的決策，并不是為了獲得高分而習(xí)慣于記住正確答案或檢索精確數(shù)據(jù)的副產(chǎn)品。創(chuàng)造力是一種腦力冒險(xiǎn)和試驗(yàn)的副產(chǎn)品，且創(chuàng)造力需要完全地讓個(gè)人的思考忙于抽象活動(dòng)（即腦力訓(xùn)練）的樂趣中。

10.單選題

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TheMITSloanSchoolofManagementstronglybelievesthatitspurposeistogivestudentsthetoolstheywillneedtobeeffectivechangeagentsintherestoftheircareers.Todothisitisnecessarytostartoffwithanunderstandingoftheessentialdrivingforcesthatwillbeforcingorganizationstochange.Changeisnotrandom,thereareunderlyingprocesses.Threecentraldrivingforces—thegrowthoftheworldeconomy,thechangingnatureoftheworkforce,andthearrivalofgenuinetechnologicalcompetition—arenowatwork.

Theglobalizationoftheworldcapitalmarketsthathasoccurredinthepast20yearswillbereplicatedrightacrosstheeconomyinthenextdecade.Theneedtoproducegoodsandservicesatqualitylevelspreviouslythoughtimpossibletoobtaininmassproductionandthespreadinguseofparticipatorymanagementtechniqueswillrequireaworkforcewithmuchhigherlevelsofeducationandskills.Managersareincreasinglyshiftingfroma“don’tthink,dowhatyouaretold”toa“think,Iamnotgoingtotellyouwhattodo”styleofmanagement.

Tobeontopofthissituation,tomorrow’smanagerswillhavetohaveastrongbackgroundinorganizationalpsychology,humanrelations,andlaboreconomics.TheMITSloanSchoolofManagementattemptstoadvanceourunderstandingintheseareasthroughresearchandthenquicklybringsthefruitsofthisnewresearchtoourstudentssothattheycanbeleading-edgemanagerswhenitcomestothehumansideoftheequation.

WhatthismeansisthatAmericanmanagershavetounderstandtheforcesof,technicalchangeinwaysthatwerenotnecessaryinthepast.Conversely,managersfromtherestoftheworldknowthatitisnowpossibleforthemtodominatetheirAmericancompetitoriftheyunderstandtheforcesoftechnicalchangebetterthantheirAmericancompetitorsdo.

Intheworldoftomorrowmanagerscannotbetechnologicallyilliterateregardlessoftheirfunctionaltaskswithinthefirm.Iftheydon’tunderstandwhatisgoingonandtechnologyeffectivelybecomesablackbox,theywillfailtomakethechangesthatthosewhodounderstandwhatisgoingoninsidetheblackboxmake.Theywillbelosers,notwinners.

11.Whatisitessentialforstudentstounderstandthedrivingforcesthatcanforceorganizationstochange?

12.Whatwillbeneededtoproducequalifiedgoodsandservicesinmassproductionandthespreadinguseofparticipatorymanagementtechniques?

13.WhatdoestheMITSloanSchoolofManagementattempttodoinitsresearch?

14.WhatdoweknowaboutAmericanmanagersfromthispassage?

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheMITSloanSchoolofManagementemphasizeditsimportance.

B.Becausetheworldeconomyischanging.

C.Becausestudentsneedtobeeffectiveagentsintheirfuturecareers.

D.Becausetechnologicalcompetitionnowisstrong.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Employersshouldhaveasenseofglobalization.

B.Employeesshouldbewell-educatedandskillfulintheirjobs.

C.Employersshouldadaptthemselvestodifferentstylesofmanagement.

D.Employeesshouldshifttheirpositionsfromonetoanother.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tohelpitsstudentsbecomefirstclassmanagers.

B.Totestwhetheritsstudentshaveastrongbackgroundincertainareas.

C.Togivesomeinsightstothosefirstclassmanagers.

D.Tohelpitsstudentsadvancetheirunderstandingsincertainareas.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavebeendominatedbymanagersfromothercountries.

B.Theyneedtoknowmoreabouttechnology.

C.Theyknowtheircompetitorsunderstandtheforcesoftechnicalchangebetter.

D.Theyaretechnologicallyreadytobemanagersintheworldoftomorrow.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheMITSloanSchoolofManagementhasrevealedwhatisgoingoninsidetheblackbox.

B.Americanmanagersknowmoreabouttechnicalchangethanmanagersfromtherestoftheworld.

C.Thestyleofmanagementischangingconstantly.

D.Everyfuturemanagershouldhavecross-disciplinaryknowledge.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】11、【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到第一段，believesthatitspurposeistogivestudentsthetoolstheywillneedtobeeffectivechangeagentsintherestoftheircareers.從這句話可以看出C項(xiàng)是它的轉(zhuǎn)述句，因此C正確，A項(xiàng)是表面原因，B項(xiàng)不是本題干的原因，D項(xiàng)也是無關(guān)項(xiàng)，因此本題答案為C。

12、【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段，Managersareincreasinglyshiftingfroma“don’tthink,dowhatyouaretold”toa“think,Iamnotgoingtotellyouwhattodo”styleofmanagement.這一句我們可以看出，管理者們是需要重新開始調(diào)整新的管理方式了，因此答案為C。ABD均為錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng)，題干中沒有提到。

13、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。本題的題干信息點(diǎn)在第三段的最后一句“bringsthefruitsofthisnewresearchtoourstudentssothattheycanbeleading-edgemanagerswhenitcomestothehumansideoftheequation”這一句話的意思是致力于通過研究增進(jìn)我們對(duì)這些領(lǐng)域的理解，然后迅速將這項(xiàng)新研究的成果帶給我們的學(xué)生，這樣當(dāng)涉及到人力資源方面時(shí)，他們就能成為領(lǐng)先的管理者。那么我們可以看出MIT學(xué)校研究的目的就是幫助它的學(xué)生在特定的領(lǐng)域成為佼佼者。

14、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】文章推斷題。A項(xiàng)不對(duì)，后文只是說其他國(guó)家可能會(huì)超過美國(guó)，但是沒有一定，C沒有說一定知道其他國(guó)家更了解，D錯(cuò)誤，是作者希望他們可以變成行業(yè)的領(lǐng)先者，但是還沒有成為也還在學(xué)習(xí)中；因此答案B正確。

15、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】文章推斷題。本題考查的是文章推斷題。通過全文的閱讀我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)全文的主題就是MIT大學(xué)對(duì)于管理層的培養(yǎng)心得以及未來的打算。A不對(duì)，從最后一段的最后幾句可以看出這個(gè)黑盒子是要管理者們自己去探索的；B也不對(duì)，B是美國(guó)管理者現(xiàn)在可能會(huì)面臨的問題，也就是被其他國(guó)家的管理者超過，因此不對(duì)；C項(xiàng)全文并未著筆，D項(xiàng)正確，因?yàn)槿亩加性谥v未來的經(jīng)理們要多學(xué)習(xí)各方面的知識(shí)，尤其是科技方面的，因?yàn)樗麄儾粌H需要管理能力，還需要有跨學(xué)科的能力，D正確。

11.單選題

Theboysinthedorm（）acointodecidewhowouldcleanthefloor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.held

B.tossed

C.put

D.collected

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)hold“持有；保存；召開”；B選項(xiàng)toss“拋；搖勻；顛簸”；C選項(xiàng)put“出發(fā)；航行；發(fā)芽”；D選項(xiàng)collect“收集；募捐”。句意：宿舍里的男生……硬幣決定誰(shuí)來掃地。這里是指“扔硬幣”來做決定，因此B選項(xiàng)toss符合句意。

12.填空題

Thefirequicklyspreadthroughthehotel,butfortunatelytherewereonlya

（1）guestsandtheyallmanagedto（2）.

【答案】1.few

2.escape

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。afew后面接可數(shù)名詞，表示“少量，幾個(gè)”

2.語(yǔ)義題。句意:他們都成功逃脫了。

13.單選題

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithailthatisimportantinlife?

Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold——iftheyarepreparedtoadmititcouldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?

1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?

2.Whatdotheyoungrejectmost?

3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?

4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Bettereducated.

B.Moremoneyandfreedom.

C.Independence.

D.Hardwork.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Values

B.Theassumptionoftheciders.

C.Conformity

D.Conventionalideas.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.

B.Theydislikethepast.

C.Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.

D.Theyareafraidofdestruction.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Enjoymentisnotsinful.

B.Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.

C.Menmightenjoylife.

D.Oneshouldenjoyone’swork

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下列哪項(xiàng)不是文章提到的關(guān)于年輕人的特征”。文章第一段提到“年輕人受了良好的教育。他們花錢享受自由。他們很快成長(zhǎng)并且不依賴父母?！保═heyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents），由此可以得知只有選項(xiàng)D“努力工作”沒有提及到，符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“年輕人最反感的是什么”。文章第二段提到“他們懷疑上一代人的設(shè)想，并且打破了他們的滿足狀態(tài)”（Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency），第二段后面的那幾個(gè)問句都體現(xiàn)出了年輕一代不再固守成規(guī)，不愿意像上一代人一樣，選項(xiàng)C“一致性”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為什么年輕人強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在”。文章最后一段提到“對(duì)現(xiàn)在的重視是意料之中的，因?yàn)槟贻p人是在炸彈的陰影下長(zhǎng)大，且經(jīng)受著被徹底毀滅的威脅”（Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“老一輩能從年輕一輩那里學(xué)到什么”。文章最后一段提到如果老一輩愿意學(xué)習(xí)年輕一輩的話，最重要的一課便是享受并不是罪過（Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Theseearlyclocks,operatedbyweights,werenotparticularlyaccurate,anditwasnotuntilthesixteenthcentury（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anygreatreliabilityattainedit

B.thenattainedanygreatreliability

C.thatanygreatreliabilitywasattained

D.whenanygreatreliabilityattained

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)?？崭裉帪閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型，itwasnotunti+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that引導(dǎo)的完整句子。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Ifyouwanttobuythishouse,thepaymentmaybemadeinfive（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.installments

B.pieces

C.shares

D.parts

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)installments“分期付款”；B選項(xiàng)pieces“塊，文章”；C選項(xiàng)shares“股份”；D選項(xiàng)parts“部分”。句意：如果你想買這棟房子，可以_____。這句話表示是“可以分五期付款”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

（）isquitenatural,abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Which

B.As

C.What

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】句意:初學(xué)者不能很快地閱讀英文原版書是很正常的。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候，表示“正如那樣”的含義。as指代的是后面的句子“abeginnercan'treadthebookswrittenin