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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆應(yīng)用職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

AIDSiscausinggreatpublicconcernbecausethe()fataldiseasehitsprimarilyyoungpeople.

問題1選項

A.invariably

B.imperatively

C.transiently

D.deceptively

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。invariably“總是;不變地”;imperatively“命令式地”;transiently“僅持續(xù)片刻地”;deceptively“欺騙性地”,根據(jù)句意可知,四個選項中只能選擇副詞invariably,才能使句子符合語義邏輯。句意:艾滋病引起了極大的公共關(guān)注,因為這個……致命的疾病主要是攻擊年輕人。故正確答案為選項A。

2.單選題

Every()ofamotionpictureistheresponsibilityofthedirector.

問題1選項

A.section

B.facet

C.character

D.footage

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項section“截面;部分;部門;地區(qū);章節(jié)”;B選項facet“面;方面;小平面用”;C選項character“性格,品質(zhì);特性;角色;[計]字符”;D選項footage“英尺長度;連續(xù)鏡頭;以尺計算長度”。句意:電影的每一段鏡頭都是導(dǎo)演的責(zé)任。由電影導(dǎo)演的責(zé)任可知此處鏡頭的含義最合適,因此D選項正確。

3.單選題

Associalbeingswelivewithoureyesuponourreflection,buthaveno()ofthetranquilityofthewatersinwhichweseeit.

問題1選項

A.warrant

B.obligation

C.assurance

D.certainty

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項warrant“根據(jù),證明”,強調(diào)法律依據(jù),確信無疑的證據(jù);B選項obligation“職責(zé),義務(wù)”;C選項assurance“保證,擔(dān)?!?;D選項certainty“必然,確實”。句意:作為社會上的人我們堅信眼見為實,但是沒法保證我們所看到的一定就是真實的。選項C符合句意。

4.單選題

ManyliterarydetectiveshaveporedoveragreatpuzzleconcerningthewriterMarcelProust:whathappenedin1909?HowdidContreSaint-Beuve,anessayattackingthemethodsofthecriticSaintBeuve,turnintothestartofthenovelRemembranceofThingsPast"!ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois,theeditorofthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve,madeanessentiallycorrectguessabouttherelationshipoftheessaytothenovel.FalloisproposedthatProusthadtriedtobeginanovelin1908,abandoneditforwhatwastobealongdemonstrationofSaint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting,foundtheessaygivingrisetopersonalmemoriesandfictionaldevelopments,andallowedthesetotakeoverinasteadilydevelopingnovel.

DraftpassagesinProust's1909notebooksindicatethatthetransitionfromessaytonovelbeganinContreSaint-Beuve,whenProustintroducedseveralexamplestoshowthepowerfulinfluencethatinvoluntarymemoryexertsoverthecreativeimagination.Ineffect,intryingtodemonstratethattheimaginationismoreprofoundandlesssubmissivetotheintellectthanSaint-Beuveassumed,Proustelicitedvitalmemoriesofhisownand,findingsubtleconnectionsbetweenthem,begantoamassthematerialforRemembrance.ByAugust,ProustwaswritingtoVallette,informinghimofhisintentiontodevelopthematerialasanovel.MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,Romancier,hasshowntheimportanceinthedraftsofRemembranceofspontaneousandapparentlyrandomassociationsofProust'ssubconscious.AsincidentsandreflectionsoccurredtoProust,hecontinuallyinsertednewpassagesalteringandexpandinghisnarrative.Buthefounditdifficulttocontrolthedriftofhisinspiration.Theveryrichnessandcomplexityofthemeaningfulrelationshipsthatkeptpresentingandrearrangingthemselvesonalllevels,fromabstractintelligencetoprofounddreamyfeelings,madeitdifficultforProusttosetthemoutcoherently.Thebeginningofcontrolcamewhenhesawhowtoconnectthebeginningandtheendofhisnovel.

IntriguedbyProust'sclaimthathehad"begunandfinished"Remembranceatthesametime,HenriBonnetdiscoveredthatpartsofRemembrance'slastbookwereactuallystartedin1909.Alreadyinthatyear,Prousthaddrafteddescriptionsofhisnovel'scharactersintheiroldagethatwouldappearinthefinalbookofRemembrance,wherethepermanenceofartissetagainsttheravagesoftime.ThelettertoVallette,draftsoftheessayandnovel,andBonnet'sresearchesestablishinbroadoutlinetheprocessbywhichProustgeneratedhisnoveloutoftheruinsofhisessay.Butthoseofuswhohoped,withKolb,thatKolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.ForuntilProustwasconfidentthathewasatlastinsightofaviablestructureforRemembrance,hetoldfewcorrespondentsthathewasproducinganythingmoreambitiousthanContreSaint-Beuve.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith()

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingareliterarydetectiveswhohavetried,bymeansofeitherscholarshiporcriticism,tohelpsolvethe"greatpuzzle"mentionedinLine1EXCEPT()

3.Accordingtothepassage,indraftsofContreSaint-BeuveProustsetouttoshowthatSaint-Beuvemadewhichofthefollowingmistakesasacritic?

I.Saint-Beuvemadenoefforttostudythedevelopmentofanovelthroughitsdraftsandrevisions.

II.Saint-Beuveassignedtoogreataroleinthecreativeprocesstoawriter'sconsciousintellect.

III.Saint-Beuveconcentratedtoomuchonplotsandnotenoughonimageryandotherelementsofstyle.

4.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sattitudetowardtheinformationthatscholarshavegatheredaboutProust'swritingin1909?

5.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldbetheLEASTusefulsourceofinformationaboutProust'stransitionfromworkingonContreSaint-BeuvetohavingaviablestructureforRemembranceofThingsPast?

問題1選項

A.theroleofinvoluntarymemoryinProust'swriting

B.evidenceconcerningthegenesisofProust'snovelRemembranceofThingsPast

C.conflictingscholarlyopinionsaboutthevalueofstudyingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast

D.Proust'scorrespondenceandwhatitrevealsaboutRemembranceofThingsPast

問題2選項

A.Bardeche

B.Bonnet

C.Fallois

D.Vallette

問題3選項

A.IIonly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

問題4選項

A.TheauthorisdisappointedthatnonewdocumentshavecometolightsinceFallois'sspeculations.

B.Theauthorisdissatisfiedbecausetherearetoomanygapsandinconsistenciesinthedrafts.

C.TheauthorisconfidentthatFallois's1954guesshasbeenprovedlargelycorrect,butregretsthatstillmoredetaileddocumentationconcerningProust'stransitionfromtheessaytothenovelhasnotemerged.

D.TheauthorissatisfiedthatFallois'sjudgmentwaslargelycorrect,butfeelsthatProust'searlyworkindesigningandwritingthenovelwasprobablyfarmoredeliberatethanFallois'sdescriptionoftheprocesswouldsuggest.

問題5選項

A.Fallois'scommentsinthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve.

B.Proust's1909notebooks,includingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast.

C.Proust's1909correspondence,excludingthelettertoVallette.

D.Bardeche'sMarcelProust,Romancier.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨思想題。文章首段提及許多文學(xué)考據(jù)家思考著一個涉及馬塞爾·普魯斯特(MarcelProust)的不解之謎:1909年究竟發(fā)生了什么?《駁圣伯夫》一文——一篇抨擊批評家圣伯夫批評方法的論文——是如何轉(zhuǎn)變成為小說《追憶似水年華》的開端的?之后段落試圖找到《駁圣伯夫》這篇論文是如何轉(zhuǎn)化為小說《追憶似水年華》的答案,由此可知,文章主要在論述小說《追憶似水年華》產(chǎn)生的證據(jù)。故答案為B。

第2題:事實細節(jié)題。文中首段提及Fallois就論文與小說之間的關(guān)系做了一種本質(zhì)上正確的猜測。第二段提及MauriceBardeche在《馬塞爾·普魯斯特——小說家》中,證明了在《追憶似水年華》草稿中普魯斯特的潛意識里那些自發(fā)的不規(guī)則的聯(lián)結(jié)的重要性。第三段提及HenriBonnet(亨利·博內(nèi))揭示,小說最后一卷的某些章節(jié)確實始于1909年。而選項D中提及的Vallette,只是普魯斯特致編輯瓦萊特(Vallette)的信函,并沒有對小說做考究。故答案為D。

第3題:信息推斷題。第一個說法明顯錯誤,文中沒有提及要通過手稿研究小說發(fā)展;第三個提到的plots,在文中也沒有提及。文章首段"Saint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting"提及圣伯夫長期以來對偉大文學(xué)作品的真正本質(zhì)盲目無知。與文中提及的"過度強調(diào)創(chuàng)意的過程而忽略了作家的有意識的智慧"意義相符。故答案為A。

第4題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Kolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.”科爾布新出版的《普魯斯特1909年書信全集》將更詳細地記錄這一過程,但因細節(jié)沒有呈現(xiàn)讓人很失望。選項C符合原文。

第5題:細節(jié)推斷題。文章主要探討《駁圣伯夫》一文——一篇抨擊批評家圣伯夫批評方法的論文是如何轉(zhuǎn)變成為小說《追憶似水年華》的開端的?作者主要給出了3個證據(jù)。選項A與第一段中的"ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthat..."信息對應(yīng);選項B與第二段中的"Proust's1909notebooksindicatethat..."信息對應(yīng);選項D與"MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,romancier,hasshowntheimportance..."信息對應(yīng);選項C將寫給Vallette的信排除在外,與文章第一段中的"ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois"信息不符。故答案為C。

5.寫作題

Directions:Chinaisacountrywithapopulationofmorethan1.3billionpeople.Withthatmanypeopleinonecountry,disciplineisamajorsocietalfocus,andthiscarriesoverintoparenting.ThemostcommonparentingstyleinChinaisreferredtoasauthoritarianparenting,whichischaracterizedbychildrenwhoaresubmissivetotheirparentswithoutquestionandtrusttheirparentstoleadthemintherightdirection,andemphasizeshighstandardsandatendencytocontrolkids.Thisisdistinguishedfromauthoritativeparenting,whichalsoemphasizeshighstandards,butisaccompaniedbyhighlevelsofparentalwarmthandacommitmenttoreasonwithchildren.Whencomparedwithauthoritativeparenting,authoritarianparentingislinkedwithlowerlevelsofself-control,moreemotionalproblems,andloweracademicperformance.

Thereismuchdebateastowhetherauthoritarianparentingisharmfultoachild'sdevelopment.Accordingtosomeresearchers,Chineseparentsarelesslikelytofacethechoicebetweenscholasticsuccessandsocialsuccess.SomeeducatorsinChinahaveexpressedconcernthattraditionalChineseparentingdoesnotfastercreativityordivergentthinking.Butinanycase,therearegoodthingsabouttraditionalChineseparenting——andChineseculture:Chineseparentsaremorelikelytoemphasizeeffortoverinnatetalentandbelievethateffort,notinnateintelligence,isthekeytoachievement.

Isthecontroversyjustified?WhatdoyouthinkabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftraditionalChineseparenting?Writeacompositionofabout250wordsexpressingyourownopinions.Youshoulduseyourownideas,knowledgeorexperiencetogeneratesupportforyourargument.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)

【答案】略

6.單選題

The_______actionofthepolicemensavedthepeopleinthehousefrombeingburnt.

問題1選項

A.supreme

B.significant

C.prompt

D.vital

【答案】C

【解析】supreme最高的,至高的;significant重大的,有意義的;prompt及時的,迅速的;vital至關(guān)重要的。句意:警察迅速采取措施,使得房子里的人免于燒傷。選項C符合句意。

7.填空題

WhileMexico’soveralleconomic________showedanincreaseinforeigntradeaftertheinstitutionofNAFTA,realwagescontinuedtofallthroughoutthecountryandpovertyratesremainedconstant.(indicate)

【答案】indicators

【解析】【考查點】名詞。

【解題思路】showed是句子的謂語動詞,Mexico’soveralleconomic________是句子的主語,economic為形容詞,所以橫線所在內(nèi)容應(yīng)為名詞;economicindicators的意思為“經(jīng)濟指標”,符合語境。

【句意】雖然墨西哥的總體經(jīng)濟指標顯示,在北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定建立后,對外貿(mào)易有所增長,但全國各地的實際工資繼續(xù)下降,貧困率保持不變。

8.單選題

TheEuropeanunion,inparticular,Germany,aresearchingopportunitiestohelpUkraine()itseconomy.

問題1選項

A.spray

B.sponsor

C.stiffen

D.stabilize

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項spray表示“噴射”;B選項sponsor表示“贊助,發(fā)起”;C選項stiffen表示“變硬,變猛烈”;D選項stabilize表示“穩(wěn)固,安定”。由句意可知,歐盟,尤其是德國,正在尋找機會幫助烏克蘭穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟。因此,stabilize的詞義最符合句意,故本題正確答案為D選項。

9.單選題

Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso(

)astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.

問題1選項

A.powerful

B.influential

C.monstrous

D.vigorous

【答案】A

【解析】powerful強大的,強有力的;influential有影響力的;monstrous巨大的,怪異的;vigorous精力充沛的。句意:我們的研究集中在一種藥物上,其藥效非常強大,足以改變大腦的化學(xué)性質(zhì)。選項A符合語境。

10.翻譯題

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday'smediaandtechnologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.(1)Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.(2)SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It'snosurprise,ofcourse.(3)Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

(4)Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople~over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumers.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe'dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe'reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

(5)NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.B.White,whoin1938wrote,"Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure."Westilldon'tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

【答案】(1)當你設(shè)法弄清消費信息技術(shù)將向何處發(fā)展以及這對社會意味著什么時,要記住這個重要的核心事實:人們只是想看更多的電視節(jié)目。

(2)就像其他每個消費電子產(chǎn)品公司做的那樣,索尼公司在最近的消費類電子產(chǎn)品展會上推出大量產(chǎn)品,這些產(chǎn)品是用來把網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻放到電視上。在同時舉行的麥客世界展會上,蘋果公司總栽史蒂夫?喬布斯推出具有同樣功能的蘋果電視。

(3)從那時到現(xiàn)在,基本而明顯的事實是處理器的功能不斷提高和帶寬的不斷增大,而預(yù)言家們已經(jīng)自信地預(yù)測了這一天。正如他們自信地預(yù)言它的含義:傳統(tǒng)的電視節(jié)目會被替代。

(4)實際情況卻正好相反。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代有其他多種選擇,我們美國人如今看的無聊電視卻比以往任何時候都多,這就說明了問題。

(5)關(guān)于電視,沒有人比著名的《紐約人》雜志評論家E.B.懷特的評價更恰當。他在1938年寫道:“我們的好壞將取決于電視,這一點我敢肯定?!?/p>

11.單選題

Otherfactors(

)tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

問題1選項

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。cause“成為…的原因,導(dǎo)致”;give“提供,給予”;contribute“貢獻,出力,通常和介詞to連用”;result“導(dǎo)致,發(fā)生”;根據(jù)空格后的介詞to和句意‘(

)經(jīng)濟全球化發(fā)展的其他因素是先進的科學(xué)技術(shù)和更好的運輸系統(tǒng)。’確定C選項正確。

12.單選題

Columbuswas______histimesinhisbeliefthattheEarthwasround.

問題1選項

A.infrontof

B.inadvanceof

C.before

D.aheadof

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項infrontof“在……前面”,指在某地方之外的前面;B選項inadvanceof“預(yù)先”,表示預(yù)先、提前做某事;C選項before“在……之前”,指空間位置或時間的之前;D選項aheadof“領(lǐng)先”,表示領(lǐng)先于某物。句意:哥倫布認為地球是圓的,這走在了他那個時代的前面。本句表示領(lǐng)先于時代。因此D選項正確。

13.單選題

We’dbetter(

)thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問題1選項

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾;checkout檢查;takedown拿下,記下;pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽器。選項B符合句意。

14.單選題

Weoften______ourenergiesintrivialoccupations.

問題1選項

A.dissipated

B.indulged

C.unscrambled

D.took

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項dissipated“消散;浪費”;B選項indulged“沉溺;滿足;放任”;C選項unscrambled“使……還原;譯出;理順,理清”;D選項took“拿;取;接受”。句意:我們經(jīng)?!覀兊木υ诂嵥榈墓ぷ魃?。根據(jù)單詞trivialoccupations(瑣碎的工作),可推測我們經(jīng)常會浪費我們的精力在一些瑣碎的工作上,結(jié)合此處語境,選項A為正確答案。

15.單選題

Thelightsandmusic()aswesailedawayfromtheharbor.

問題1選項

A.faded

B.disappeared

C.declined

D.stopped

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項faded“漸弱,褪色”;B選項disappeared“消失,失蹤”;C選項declined“下降,拒絕”;D選項stopped“停止,停頓”。句意:我們駛離港口時,燈光和音樂()下來。這里根據(jù)句意可以判斷出要考的意思是“燈光和音樂漸漸弱了”,因此A選項符合題意。

16.單選題

Iampreparedtomakesome()onminordetails,butIcannotcompromiseonfundamentals.

問題1選項

A.confession

B.concession

C.concord

D.consent

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。confession“懺悔;告解”;concession“讓步;特許(權(quán))”;concord“和諧;和睦;一致”;consent“準許;同意”。句意:在一些細節(jié)上我準備做出一些______,但是在原則上我不會妥協(xié)。根據(jù)句意可知選項B符合題意。

17.單選題

PeoplewillinsistthatwatchingTV()children’simaginations.

問題1選項

A.blunders

B.blunts

C.blushes

D.blends

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項blunders“犯大錯;誤入某地”;B選項blunts“減弱;使遲鈍”;C選項blushes“臉紅;感到羞愧”;D選項blends“使混合;使交融”。句意:人們會堅持說看電視……了兒童的想象力。前因是watchingTV“看電視”;后果是阻礙了children’simaginations“兒童的想象力”。在所有選項中只有blunt有減弱,使遲鈍的意思。因此B選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Improvedconsumerconfidenceis______toaneconomicrecovery.

問題1選項

A.crucial

B.subordinate

C.cumulative

D.satisfactory

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.crucial至關(guān)重要的,關(guān)鍵性的B.subordinate隸屬的,從屬的

C.cumulative(在力量或重要性方面)聚積的,積累的D.satisfactory令人滿意的,夠好的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“消費者信心的增強對經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇______”可知,空格處表示“至關(guān)重要的”符合句意。因此,該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】消費者信心的增強對經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇至關(guān)重要。

19.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare(

)off.

問題1選項

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.screened

D.separated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免,避開”;exclude“排除,不包括”;screen“篩,拍攝,放映”;separate“分開,隔開”。句意:不同種類的宇宙線從外太空穿透空氣,但是大量的太陽輻射都被阻擋了。選項C符合題意。

20.翻譯題

NoissueisasvitaltothefutureofU.S.researchuniversitiesasarenewalofcommitmenttothemutualbenefitsofresearchandeducation.Oneofthegreatstrengthsofourresearchuniversitiesistheirabilitytolinkthecreationofnewknowledgewiththetransferofthatknowledgetostudents.Unfortunately,numeroussigns(somereal,someperceived)pointtowardagrowingemphasisonresearchandade-emphasisoneducation.

Asensationalisticviewofthesetrendsoftenemergesinthepopularpress.Recentstorieshavedescribedadetachedprofessor’sleavingteachingtograduatestudents,rewardsystemsbasedon“publishorperish”,faculty“buyingout”ofteachingresponsibilities,andtenureandpromotiondecisionsbasedentirelyonone’sabilitytoattractfederalresearchdollars.Thesetypesofreportshavefueledagrowingpublicbacklashagainsthighereducation.Anumberofstateshavetoinstituteminimumrequirementsforclassroomtimeandofficehoursforfacultyatpublicresearchuniversities.

【答案】對美國研究型大學(xué)的未來來說,沒有什么比重新致力于研究和教育的共同利益更重要。研究型大學(xué)的最大優(yōu)勢之一是它們能夠?qū)⑿轮R的創(chuàng)造與向?qū)W生傳授知識聯(lián)系起來。不幸的是,許多跡象(有些是真實的,有些是察覺到的)表明,這些大學(xué)越來越重視研究,而不那么重視教育。

大眾媒體上經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)關(guān)于這種趨勢的嘩眾取寵的觀點。最近的一些報道介紹了把教學(xué)任務(wù)扔給研究生的冷漠教授、基于“要么發(fā)表論文,要么死亡”原則的獎勵制度、“買斷”教學(xué)責(zé)任的教師以及完全取決于吸引聯(lián)邦研究經(jīng)費的能力的任期和晉升制度。這類報告激起了公眾對高等教育的強烈反對。許多州已經(jīng)為公立研究型大學(xué)的教師制定了上課時間和辦公時間的最低要求。

21.單選題

Natural’senergyefficiencyoften(

)humantechnology:despitetheintensityofthelightfirefliesproduce,theamountofheatisnegligible;onlyrecentlyhavehumansdevelopedchemicallight-producingsystemswhoseefficiency(

)thefirefly’ssystem.

問題1選項

A.engenders;manipulates

B.reflects;simulates

C.outstrips;rivals

D.inhibits;matches

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。首先看第一個空,engender“產(chǎn)生,引起(某種感覺或情況)”;reflect“反映,反射(聲、光、熱等)”;outstrip“超過,勝過”;inhibit“禁止,抑制”,根據(jù)句意第一個空應(yīng)該填“outstrip”;再看第二個空,manipulate“(暗中)控制,(熟練地)操作”;reflect“表明,顯示”;rival“堪比某人/某物競爭,比得上某人/某物”;match“相配,與……不相上下”;根據(jù)句意‘自然界的能量效率常常超過人類的技術(shù):盡管瑩火蟲所發(fā)出的光亮極為強烈,但其熱量卻微乎其微。人類也是在近期才研制出能量效率能與螢火蟲的發(fā)光體系相媲美的化學(xué)發(fā)光系統(tǒng)?!钸m合填入第二個空的是“rival”,C選項正確。

22.單選題

Irememberedthattherealworldwaswide,andthatavariedfieldofhopesandfears,of(),awaitedthosewhohadthecouragetogoforthintoitsexpanse,toseekrealknowledgeoflifeamidstitsperils.

問題1選項

A.sensesandexcitements

B.sentimentandexcitement

C.sensibilityandexcitement

D.sensationsandexcitements

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。sensesandexcitements“感覺與興奮”;sentimentandexcitement“情緒與興奮”;sensibilityandexcitement“感覺與興奮”;sensationsandexcitements“感動與興奮”。根據(jù)空格前hopesandfears都是用的復(fù)數(shù)形式,可知空格中也要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:我記得真實的世界是廣闊的,充滿希望和恐懼,充滿感動與興奮,等待著那些有勇氣的人走入其中,在生活的冒險中尋求真正的知識。選項D符合題意。

23.單選題

TheForeignMinistryholdsweeklypressconferencesto()reporters()thelatestdevelopmentindiplomacy.

問題1選項

A.confer...upon

B.burden...with

C.fill...inon

D.adjust...to

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配辨析。fillsB.inon為固定搭配,意為"詳細告訴某人"。句意:外交部每周舉行新聞發(fā)布會,詳細向記者介紹外交的最新發(fā)展。選項C符合句意。

24.單選題

Heisholding(

)apositioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

問題1選項

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。subordinate從屬的,下級的;succeeding隨后的,接著的;successive連續(xù)的,交替的;subsequent隨后的。根據(jù)下句“expectstobepromotedsoon”希望不久能得到提升,說明他在公司擔(dān)任下級的職務(wù),所以選項A符合句意。

25.單選題

Shewasdeliriouslastnight,butsheseemsquite(

)thismorning.

問題1選項

A.insane

B.lucid

C.patient

D.messy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項insane“精神失常的,精神錯亂的”;B選項lucid“表達清楚的,頭腦清晰的,清醒的”;C選項patient“有耐心的,能忍耐的”;D選項messy“骯臟的,凌亂的”。由but(表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)可知空格處與前面的delirious(極度亢奮的,精神錯亂的)意思相反,因此選B。句意:她昨晚神志不清,但今天早上似乎很清醒。

26.單選題

Aftertheconcert,theclean-upcrewfoundtheground()withpapers,bottlesandcans.

問題1選項

A.scrubbed

B.used

C.littered

D.dispersed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項scrubbed“擦洗;廢止;揉搓”;B選項used“用”;C選項littered“亂丟;給……墊褥草;把……弄得亂七八糟;亂扔廢棄物”;D選項dispersed“分散;傳播”。句意:音樂會結(jié)束后,清掃人員發(fā)現(xiàn)地上布滿包裝紙和瓶瓶罐罐。本句表示“包裝紙和瓶瓶罐罐被亂扔在地上”,因此C選項正確。

27.單選題

Theworldeconomicrecessionputan()endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin2002.

問題1選項

A.irregular

B.illegal

C.absurd

D.abrupt

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。irregular"不規(guī)則的,無規(guī)律的";illegal"非法的";absurd"不合理的,荒謬的";abrupt"突然的,意外的"。根據(jù)句中upturn判定,worldeconomicrecession是"突然停止的"。句意:世界經(jīng)濟衰退突然結(jié)束了2002年開始的鋼鐵市場好轉(zhuǎn)的情況。選項D符合句意。

28.單選題

IfIhadseenthemovie,I______youallaboutitnow.

問題1選項

A.wouldtell

B.willtell

C.havetold

D.wouldhavetold

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.wouldtell將告訴B.willtell將告訴

C.havetold已經(jīng)告訴D.wouldhavetold本將告訴

【考查點】虛擬語氣。

【解題思路】根據(jù)hadseen可知,從句表示對過去的虛擬,而主句用了now,可知主句是與現(xiàn)在事實相反,結(jié)構(gòu)要用would/should/could/might+do,所以該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B項在虛擬語氣中,情態(tài)動詞不用will;

C、D項不符合虛擬語氣的語法。

【句意】如果我看了那部電影,我現(xiàn)在就告訴你。

29.翻譯題

Traditionalhistoryhasbeenahistoryofnations.Buthere,forthefirsttimesincetheRomanEmpire,thereisthepossibilityofcreatingthehistoryofacivilization.Nowisthefirstchanceonanewbasiswithnewtechnologiestocreateacivilizationofunprecedentedopennessandpluralism(多元文化).Acivilizationofthepolycentricmind(多種精神中心的).Acivilizationthatleavesbehindforever,theethnocentric,tribalmentality.Thementalityofdestruction.

LosAngelesisapremonition(先兆)ofthisnewcivilization.

LinkedmoretotheThirdWorldandAsiathantotheEuropeofAmerica'sracialandculturalroots.LosAngelesandsouthernCaliforniawillenterthetwenty-firstcenturyasamultiracialandmulticulturalsociety.Thisisabsolutelynew.Thereisnopreviousexampleofa

civilizationthatisbeingsimultaneouslycreatedbysomanyraces,nationalities,andcultures.Thisnewtypeofculturalpluralismiscompletelyunknowninthehistoryofmankind.

AmericaisbecomingmorepluraleverydaybecauseoftheunbelievablefacilityofthenewThirdWorldimmigrantstoputapieceoftheiroriginalcultureinsideofAmericanculture.Thenotionofa“dominant”Americancultureischangingeverymoment.ItisincrediblecomingtoAmer

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