考研考博-英語(yǔ)-應(yīng)天職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-應(yīng)天職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”；shouldhavedone“過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”；woulddo“過(guò)去將會(huì)做某事”；couldhavedone“過(guò)去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是過(guò)去本可以工作卻沒有去工作，D選項(xiàng)couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Theshipwas（

）inastormoffJamaica.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.drowned

B.immerged

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C

【解析】drown淹死，溺死；immerge浸入，浸沒；wreck失事；submit使服從。句意：這艘船在離開牙買加的時(shí)候，在暴風(fēng)雨中失事了。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

America’sCongresspassedahousingbillthatincludesmeasurestoshoreupFannieMaeandFreddieMac,twotroubledmortgagegiants.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.censure

B.imprecate

C.upbraid

D.bolster

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)censure“嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé)，正式譴責(zé)”；B選項(xiàng)imprecate“詛咒；祈求”；C選項(xiàng)upbraid“責(zé)罵；訓(xùn)斥”；D選項(xiàng)bolster“支持，支撐；給（座位）加軟墊；改善，鞏固；增強(qiáng)，激勵(lì)”。句意：美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)住房法案，其中包括支持房利美和房地美這兩個(gè)陷入困境的抵押貸款巨頭的措施。shoreup“支持，支撐；加固”。D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.

Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,thecourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect”，acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseen—ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.

Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients’pain,eventhoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.

NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmedicationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath”.

GeorgeAnnas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity,maintainsthat,aslongasgooddoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath.“It’slikesurgery,hesays.“Wedon’tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn’tintendtokilltheirpatients,althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou’reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient’ssuicideaslongasyoudon’tintendtheirsuicide.”

Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairofpatientsforwhommodemmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.

JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt’srulingonphysician-assistedsuicide,theNationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volumereport,ApproachingDeath:ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.

Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospitals,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.

Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningmedicalinitiativestranslateintobettercare.“Alargenumberofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering”，totheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse”.Hesaysmedicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclearthatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension”.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethat（

）

2.GeorgeAnnasmayagreethat（

）.

3.AccordingtotheNAS’sreport,oneoftheproblemsinend-of-lifecareis（

）.

4.What’sthepossiblemeaningof“aggressive”(Line3,Para.7)?

5.AccordingtoGeorgeAnnas，whichofthefollowingmedicalbehaviorsshouldbepunished?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.doctorsneverincreasedrugdosagestocontroltheirpatients’pain

B.itisstillillegalfordoctorstohelpthedyingendtheirlives

C.theSupremeCourtstronglyopposesphysician-assistedsuicide

D.patientshavenoconstitutionalrighttocommitsuicide

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.adoctor’smedicationshouldn’tbejustifiedbyhisintentions

B.doctorscannotgivepatientslargedosagesofmedicationonanyaccount

C.high-dosagepain-relievingmedicationcanbeprescribed

D.doctorsshouldbeheldguiltyiftheyrisktheirpatients’death

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.prolongedmedicalprocedures

B.inadequatetreatmentofpain

C.systematicdrugabuse

D.insufficienthospitalcare

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Bold.

B.Harmful.

C.Positive.

D.Energetic.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Treatingpatientimpatiently.

B.Givingpatientsmoremedicinethanneeded.

C.Reducingdrugdosagesforpatients.

D.Prolongingtheneedlesssufferingofthepatients.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段和第二段的第一句話提到最高法院關(guān)于醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺的裁決有重要的意義，最高法院支持流傳了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的道德準(zhǔn)則，這說(shuō)明最高法院認(rèn)為醫(yī)生沒有協(xié)助病人自殺的權(quán)利，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章在第五段和最后一段提到了GeorgeAnnas。在第五段中，他認(rèn)為只要醫(yī)生開藥是出于合理的醫(yī)療目的，即使這些藥會(huì)加速病人的死亡，醫(yī)生也沒有違法。最后一段最后一句他提出如果病人痛苦死去是醫(yī)生護(hù)理不好的表現(xiàn)，從兩段可以看出，他支持醫(yī)生大劑量用藥，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第七段第二句話提及臨終護(hù)理存在的問(wèn)題，一個(gè)是theundertreatmentofpain(沒有對(duì)病人的疼痛采取有效的措施)，一個(gè)是ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying（強(qiáng)行使用無(wú)效的治療方法來(lái)延長(zhǎng)病人的生命，使其失去最后的尊嚴(yán)）。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單詞出現(xiàn)的句子是：Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.句意：對(duì)病人疼痛處理不力和_____無(wú)效的治療方法來(lái)延長(zhǎng)病人的生命，使其失去最后的尊嚴(yán)。由這句話中的ineffectual，forced,dishonor這些詞推出這樣的治療是沒有效果的，是不積極的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。harmful與use搭配不符合語(yǔ)意。

5.文章最后一段GeorgeAnnas否定了大量醫(yī)生無(wú)視病人的痛苦，用藥延長(zhǎng)病人痛苦這些做法。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Theprimeminister’sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(an)（

）thathisgovernmentfell.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensation

B.upheaval

C.withdrawal

D.outbreak

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)sensation“轟動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)upheaval“動(dòng)亂，劇變”；C選項(xiàng)withdrawal“撤退”；D選項(xiàng)outbreak“爆發(fā)”。

句意：首相的新稅提案造成了如此大的動(dòng)蕩，以至于他的政府垮臺(tái)了。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Althoughmany（modifications）havebeenmadeinit,thegameknownintheUnitedStatesasfootballcanbetraceddirectlytotheEnglishgameofrugby.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rules

B.changes

C.demands

D.leagues

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。modification表示“修改，修正”；A項(xiàng)rule“規(guī)則，建議，統(tǒng)治”，B項(xiàng)change“變化，改變，替代物”，C項(xiàng)demand“（堅(jiān)決的或困難的）要求，（顧客的）需求”，D項(xiàng)league“聯(lián)盟，社團(tuán)，范疇”。句意：盡管對(duì)其進(jìn)行了許多修改，但在美國(guó)被稱為足球的比賽可以直接追溯到英國(guó)的橄欖球比賽。根據(jù)句意可知，B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thenumberofpeoplebuyingprivateautosisstillrisingrapidly,thereforetheeffectofthegovernment'songoingeffortstocutairpollutionremainsopentoquestion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidly,therefore

B.ongoingeffortstocut

C.remainsopen

D.toquestion.

E.沒有問(wèn)題

【答案】E

8.單選題

Thereissupposedtobeasafety（）whichmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocollide.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliance

B.accessory

C.machine

D.mechanism

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)appliance“器具，器械”；B選項(xiàng)accessory“配件，附件”；C選項(xiàng)machine“機(jī)器”；D選項(xiàng)mechanism“機(jī)制，原理，途徑”。句意：應(yīng)該有一種安全_____使火車不可能相撞。這里考查固定搭配safetymechanism“安全機(jī)制”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Itissometimesdifficultto（）ahappymediuminlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adopt

B.make

C.reach

D.strike

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)adopt“采?。唤邮?；收養(yǎng)；正式通過(guò)”；B選項(xiàng)make“使得；進(jìn)行；布置，準(zhǔn)備，整理；制造；認(rèn)為；獲得；形成”；C選項(xiàng)reach“達(dá)到；延伸；伸出手；傳開；范圍；延伸；河段；橫風(fēng)行駛”；D選項(xiàng)strike“撞擊；打；踢（球等）；突擊；罷工；使打動(dòng)；侵襲；罷工；抗拒；襲擊；毆打”。根據(jù)固定搭配strikeahappymedium“采取折中的辦法；采取中庸之道”可知該題選strike。句意：生活中有時(shí)很難找到折中的辦法。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

13.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themanisaliar.

B.ThemanisjealousofLisa.

C.Shedoesnotagreewiththemanonthat.

D.ShewillsurelydothesameasLisadoes.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Lisasaysthatthejobtakesthebackseattothefamilyaftersheismarried.Shemustbeagoodwife.

W:Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】女士說(shuō)：Thisisonlywhatshesaysnotwhatshedoes，因此表明女士不同意男士的說(shuō)法。

11.單選題

GreatBritainandFrancewillholda（）regardingsomeEuropeaneconomicproblems.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conference

B.reference

C.conversion

D.cooperation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conference“會(huì)議，討論，協(xié)商”；B選項(xiàng)reference“參考，涉及”；C選項(xiàng)conversion“轉(zhuǎn)換”；D選項(xiàng)cooperation“合作”。句意：英國(guó)和法國(guó)將就一些歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題舉行會(huì)議。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

12.寫作題

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Writeacompositionofabout350wordsentitledAnOccupationthatCanBringMyCreativeDrivesandTechnicalKnowledgeintoFullPlay.

【答案】【略】

13.單選題

The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“contribution”，意為“貢獻(xiàn)，捐款”；B選項(xiàng)“occupation”,意為“占有權(quán)，職業(yè)”；C選項(xiàng)“expostulation”意為“勸導(dǎo)，忠告”；D選項(xiàng)“amendment”，意為“改善，修正建議”。句意：她建議討論的修正案是基于最新的醫(yī)學(xué)研究。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Opinionpollsurveysshowthatthepublicseescientistsinaratherunflatteringlight.

Commonlythescientistisalsoseenasbeingmale.Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female".

Theimagemostpeoplehaveofscienceandscientistscomesfromtheirownexperienceofschoolscience,andfromthemassmedia_ScienceteachersthemselvesSeeitasaproblemthatsomanyschoolpupilsfindschoolscienceanunsatisfyingexperience,thoughoverthelastfewyearsmoreandmorepupils,includinggirls,haveoptedforsciencesubjects.

Inspiteofexcellentdocumentaries,andsomegoodpopularsciencemagazines,scientificmodesinthemediastillusuallyalternatebetweenmiracleandscientificthreat.Thepopularstereotypeofscienceislikethemagicoffairytales:ithaspotentialforenormousgoodorawfulharm.Popularfictionisfullof“good”scientistssavingtheworld,and"mad"scientiststryingtodestroyit.

Fromallthemanyscientificstorieswhichmightbegivenmediatreatment,thosewhicharechosenareusuallythosewhichcanbeframedintermsoftheusualnewsangles:novelty,threat,conflictorthebizarre.Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities(asinembryoresearch),threateningpublichealth(asinweaponsresearch),orfightingitoutwitheachother(ingivingevidenceatpublicenquiriessuchasthoseheldontheissuesconnectedwithnuclearpower).

Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproduct

ofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible.Afurthereffectofthisisthatsciencecomestobeseenasathinginitself:akindofunpredictableforceatideofscientificprogress.

Itisnosuchthing,ofcourse.Scienceiswhatscientistsdo;whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates,andwhatisclonewiththeirworkdependsverymuchonwhohasthepowertochangetheirdiscoveriesintotechnology,andwhattheirinterestsare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ordinary-peoplehaveapooropinionofscienceandscientistspartlybecause（

）.

2.Fewergirlsthanboysstudysciencebecause

（

）.

3.Mediatreatmentofsciencetendstoconcentrateon

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,over-personalizationofscientificworkwillleadscience

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatascientistdoes（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofthemisleadingofthemedia

B.opinionpollsareunflattering.

C.scientistsareshownnegativelyinthemedia

D.science,isconsideredtobedangerous

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkthatscienceistoodifficult

B.theyareoftenunsuccessfulinscienceatschool

C.scienceisseenasaman’sjob

D.scienceisconsideredtobetedious

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theroutineeverydayworkofscientists

B.discoveriesthatthepublicwillunderstand

C.themoresensationalaspectsofscience

D.thesatisfactionsofscientificwork

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isolationfromtherestoftheworld

B.improvementsonschoolsystem

C.associationwith"femaleness"

D.troubleharecruitingyoungtalent

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.shouldbeattributedtohisindividualgenius

B.dependsonthecoordinationofthesociety

C.showshisindependentpower

D.isunpredictable

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第三段提到人們對(duì)于科學(xué)的認(rèn)知大多來(lái)源于他們?cè)趯W(xué)校關(guān)于最科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)以及大眾媒體。文章第五段和第六段講述了大眾媒體對(duì)科學(xué)工作的負(fù)面描述和夸大（Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork），因而導(dǎo)致了人們對(duì)科學(xué)和科學(xué)家們有誤解，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female"提到看為什么大部分科學(xué)家是男性，女性很少的原因，因?yàn)樗齻冋J(rèn)為科學(xué)就是男性的工作，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第五段Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities,threateningpublichealth,orfightingitoutwitheachother提到媒體關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)不再是科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)這些繁瑣的工作，而是將關(guān)注點(diǎn)放在科學(xué)家們沒有公共道德情感、危害公眾健康或者相互爭(zhēng)斗等等，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章第六段第一句Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproductofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible提到大眾媒體將科學(xué)工作過(guò)分私人化。作者認(rèn)為如果脫離了社會(huì)組織，科學(xué)工作將無(wú)法進(jìn)行。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到科學(xué)家們的工作是為了促進(jìn)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates，因此他們依靠的是整個(gè)社會(huì)的協(xié)作，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

______isknowntoall,gasesexpandandcontractwiththeincreaseanddecreaseoftemperature.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Which

B.As

C.That

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：眾所周知，氣體隨著溫度的升高和降低而膨脹和收縮。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。B選項(xiàng)as關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代主句內(nèi)容；其引導(dǎo)從句比較靈活，可以放句首，也可以放句中或句末；asisknowntoall可以看作asweallknow的被動(dòng)式。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Plasticbagsareusefulforholdingmanykindsoffood（）theircleanness,toughnessandlowcost.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.byvirtueof

B.bymeansof

C.atsightof

D.bywayof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞義辨析。byvirtueof"由于,憑借";bymeansof"用,依靠";atsightof"一看見";bywayof"經(jīng)由,當(dāng)作"。句意：塑料袋可用來(lái)裝各種食品,因?yàn)樗鍧?、耐用又價(jià)廉。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

17.翻譯題

Beginninginchildhood,parentsencourageorlimitfutureromanticliaisonsbyelectingcertainneighborhoodsandschools.

【答案】從童年開始，父母就通過(guò)選擇特定的社區(qū)和學(xué)校來(lái)鼓勵(lì)或限制未來(lái)的戀愛關(guān)系。

18.填空題

Directions:Findoutoneerroroneachunderlinedpartofthepassage,andcorrectitinyourANSWERSHEET.

Therearecertainbasicrulesofphotographywhich,evenifyouareaveryinexperiencingphotographerwith(1)littlemoreknowledgethanhowtoloadyourcamera,willpreventyoutomakingtheclassicmistakesandgive(2)youquiteacceptableresults.

Beforeyousetoffonyourphotographicexpedition,andmakesureyourcameraisloadedandyouhaveaspare(3)reeloffilminyourpocket.Thereisnothingmoreinfuriatingthanrunningoutofafilmwhenareally(4)interestingsubjectpresentsitself.

Beforeyouactuallytakethepicture,checkthefocusandexposuresettingonyourcamera.Ablurredphotoisworsethannothingatallandifyouhaven’tgottheexposureright,yoursubjectwillneitherbeblackorhavevanished(5)intowhitehaze.Doremembertotakethelenscapoffbeforeyoushoot.Somanypeopleforget.

Whenyouactuallytakingyourphotograph,keep(6)thecameraabsolutelysteady.Tuckyourarmsintoyoursidestosteadyourhands.Don’tstickyour(7)elbowsout.Ifyouaretakingalongexposureandyouhaven’tgotatripod,wedgethebodyofthecameraagainstawall,apieceoffurniture,thebranchoftree,etc.(8)squeezetheshutterreleasegently;don’tpressithardbecausethatwilljerkthecameraandyouwillgetblurredresults.

Myfinalpieceofadviceappliedtoallphotographers.(9)Ifyouwanttotakeapictureofpeopleandyoucan’tdoitwithoutdisturbingthem,askingthemiftheymindfirst.(10)Lotsofpeopledon’tlikehavingtheirphotostakenforavarietyofreasons,religiousorotherwiseandyoucancauseagreatdealofhardfeelingwithoutmeaningto.

【答案】1.–ing一般用來(lái)修飾物，-ed一般用來(lái)修飾人，這里攝影師是人所以inexperience要用-ed形式。

2.固定搭配preventsbfromdoingsth，這里是固定搭配不能用介詞to代替。

3.冠詞誤用，句子前半句講到確保你的相機(jī)內(nèi)有膠卷，所以這里的備用膠卷應(yīng)該是另一卷膠卷，所以冠詞a應(yīng)該改為another。

4.將“afilm”改成“film”，a是泛指一卷膠卷，但是film是不可數(shù)名詞，所以不能用a修飾，描述數(shù)量應(yīng)該用arollof。

5.固定搭配neither…nor“既不是……也不是”或者either…or“要么……要么”，這里根據(jù)上下文應(yīng)該把neither改為either。

6.when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中沒有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該在taking前面加個(gè)be動(dòng)詞are。

7.ourhands前后的物主代詞都是第二人稱，所以這里的第一人稱our應(yīng)該改為第二人稱your。

8.該句中存在并列結(jié)構(gòu)，前面兩個(gè)冠詞都是不定冠詞a，最后一個(gè)應(yīng)該和前面保持一致用a（a是泛指文中第一次出現(xiàn)的詞，the是特指前文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的事物，這里根據(jù)語(yǔ)法也應(yīng)該把the改為a）。

9.全文都是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但是這里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞卻用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里的applied應(yīng)該改為applies。

10.If引導(dǎo)條件句，and后面也是由if引導(dǎo)的條件句，所以ask不能用非謂語(yǔ)形式否則會(huì)造成句子沒有主句，ask得用原形構(gòu)成祈使語(yǔ)句。如果你想拍人并且不能在不打擾他的情況下做到的話，那么你得先去問(wèn)問(wèn)他是否介意。

19.寫作題

TherearemanyreasonsforapersonplanningtodoPhDresearch(forexample,newexperiences,careerpreparation,andincreasedknowledge).Whydoyouthinkpeopleshouldpursueadoctoraldegree?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsaboutyouropiniononthistopic.

【答案】WhydopeoplegoforaPh.D.?Thedisinterestedreasonmostoftengivenissatisfyingtheirthirstforknowledge.Ph.D.studentsarethosewithhighdegreeofinternalmotivationthatstemsfromtheirinborncuriosityandloveofintellectualpursuits.Theyexpectthatafterobtainingtheirdegreetheywillmetamorphoseintoscholars.Forthosethetemptationofresearchingnewandexcitingsubjectsisalsoirresistible,oratleastpreferabletoallotherchoices.

So,aPhDmeansthatyouhavealotofknowledgeandinformationaboutyourfield.Yourknowl-edgeisnotonlytheoretical,butalsoofpracticaluse,andyoucanshareitwithothersforproblem-solving.Youareanexpertandspecialistinyourareaofstudy,andyoureducatedopinionwillbehighlyvaluedamongfriends,colleaguesandeventhemedia.

WithaPhDdegree,youmayhavemorecareerchoices.Atthesametime,youcangainahighersalaryandpositionwithinthecompanycomparedtocandidateswhodonothavethesameeducationallevelasyou.Furthermore,yourexpertiseinthefieldalsogivesyoutheopportunitytoacquireteach-ingpositionsatacollegeoruniversity.

TherearealsootherreasonsforpursuingaPh.D.,whicharemorepragmatic.GoingthroughyearsofstudyforaPhDdegreealsomeansthatyouwillhavebuiltupareliableanddiversesetofprofessionalnetworks.Youwillhaveworkedwithrenownedexpertsandscholarsinthefieldandwillhavemadeimportantcontactsduringconferences,allofwhomcanserveasexcellentcareerreferencesforanyjobpositions.

Inthissense,thedoctoraldegreeisnotonlyapassporttoaworldofresearchandnewknowl-edge,butalsoavaluableassetthatincreasesone’schancesforobtaininghigherpaid,moresatisfyingjobs.Itisseenasaninvestmentinone’slifeforfuturesuccessfulcareer,acertificateprovingone’sspecialabilitiesthatgivesadvantagesoftheownerinthejobmarket.

WhateverreasonsapersonmayhavewhenplanningtodoPh.D.research,theultimategoalistoenjoyabetterlife.APhDprograminvolveshardwork,rigorouscriticalthinkingskillsandalotofin-vestedtime,moneyandresearch.However,youreceivemanybenefitsandrewardsforhavingadoc-toratedegree,whetheritisforpersonalsatisfaction,socialstatus,andemploymentorforthesakeofeducationandknowledgeitself.

20.單選題

Economicandfinancialglobalizationhaslentimportant（）toeconomicgrowthinrecentdecades,especiallyinemergingmarkets.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.motive

B.impulse

C.impetus

D.promotion

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)motive“動(dòng)機(jī)，原因，目的”，B選項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng)，心血來(lái)潮”，C選項(xiàng)impetus“動(dòng)力，推動(dòng)力，促進(jìn)因素”，D選項(xiàng)promotion“提升，晉級(jí)”，句意:近幾十年來(lái)，經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融全球化為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)提供了重要的推動(dòng)力，特別是在新興市場(chǎng)。因此，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（），awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Circulation

B.reproduction

C.manipulation

D.penetration

【答案】A

【解析】句意：美國(guó)報(bào)紙的新技術(shù)革命帶來(lái)了（）、覆蓋面拓寬和新聞工作的增加。A選項(xiàng)circulation發(fā)行量；B選項(xiàng)reproduction復(fù)制；生殖；C選項(xiàng)manipulation操縱，控制；D選項(xiàng)penetration滲透，A符合句意。

22.單選題

Tosomepeople,thegreatestpleasureoflifeistospendtheirtimeathomewatchingTVand（）theirpets.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stroking

B.desiring

C.modeling

D.flattering

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。stroke"輕撫,撫摸";desire"希望,渴望";model"做模特;制作模型";flatter"奉承;諂媚"。句意：對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)，生活中最大的樂(lè)趣是花時(shí)間在家里看電視和撫摸他們的寵物。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

23.單選題

Sucheuphemismsmaybestylistically"permissible'"iftheyarekeptwithin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boundaries

B.ranges

C.borders

D.limits

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)boundariesn.界限，分界線，邊界；B選項(xiàng)rangesn.里程，范圍；C選項(xiàng)bordersn.邊界，邊緣地區(qū)；D選項(xiàng)limitsn.范圍，限制，領(lǐng)土。句意：這樣的委婉用法在文體結(jié)構(gòu)上是可以的，但前提是要在有限范圍內(nèi)使用。根據(jù)句意可知，D項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，D項(xiàng)是正確答案。

24.單選題

LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)unexpectedly“出乎意料地；意外地”；B選項(xiàng)unhappily“不幸地；遺憾地”；C選項(xiàng)untidily“不整潔地；凌亂地”；D選項(xiàng)unofficially“非正式地；非公認(rèn)地”。句意：上星期天她突然來(lái)看我們。這個(gè)斜體短語(yǔ)的意思是……。outoftheblue“突然地，意外地”，與A選項(xiàng)詞義相符。

25.單選題

Ifeltmyself（）andmyhandstrembledasIread:Wehaveyourson.Heissafesofar.Ifyouobeyordershewillbesoonbebackwithyou.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.begrowingcold

B.growcold

C.havegrowncold

D.togrowcold

【答案】B

【解析】感官動(dòng)詞如feel,see,watch,hear后面接動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)名詞,

首先排除選項(xiàng)A和D。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)我讀到:“你的兒子在我們手里,

他目前很安全,

只要你遵守約定,

他將很快回到你身邊”時(shí),

我感到不寒而栗,

手也開始顫抖。這里用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可,

選項(xiàng)B正確。

26.單選題

InWarTimes,manyweaknationswere（

）bythepowerfulones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.monopolized

B.absorbed

C.combined

D.engaged

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)monopolize“完全控制”；B選項(xiàng)absorb“吸收；吸引；掌握”；C選項(xiàng)combine“聯(lián)合，結(jié)合”；D選項(xiàng)engage“參與；吸引（興趣）”。填入過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由weaknations和thepowerfulones的關(guān)系可知monopolize“完全控制”的分詞monopolized符合題意，句意為：在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，許多弱小的國(guó)家都被強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家控制。故答案選A。

27.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontest,Cecile’sspeechfocusesonahistoryofAmericansandtheworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightof“ourhumanitarianobligation.”Theunconscionableactsofhistoryarerepeating,buttheworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”shesaid,withaswingofherhipandanindignantglare.

HowcouldtheUnitedStatesthatbondedafterSept.11,2001,leavepeopleonrooftopssurroundedbyfloodwatersalmostfouryearslater,shequestioned.Itallcomesdownto“peopleneglectingpeople,”shesaidmatter-of-factly.

“EverybodyispartofGod’screation.Everybodydeserveshelp.Weallaregoingtoneediteventuallyinourlifetime,andforustoneglectanyonefromanywhereisjusthorrible,”Cecilesaid,shakingherhead.

EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.

“Howcanwesayhopeforthoseunseenwhenwedonothelpthemhavehopeorbelievethereishopebecausewecan’tseethem?”theGodwinMiddleSchoolstudentasked,nearlymakingthewallsshakewithheremphasisontheword“we”.

Theworldhasahistoryofgreatleaderswhobroughtinternationalwrongstolight,shesaid,jabbingherindexfingerintotheairinfrontofher.ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout,shesaid,furiouslypacingtheclassroomfloor.

“Ithinkifpeoplelearnaboutitandtheyhearaboutit…iftheyunderstoodit,thenwecanmakeadifference,”Emonisaid,gettingtotheheartofherargument.

Allthreestudentsunderstanditcouldbetheirvoicethatmotivatesthemassestomorrow.Theirspeechescouldbringtheissuesintothelightastheyfollowthetraditionofgreatoratorsbeforethemonthedayhonoringoneofthegreatest.

Aftercareful,quietconsideration,SethsaidthecontestandcelebrationwouldhavemovedKing.

“Itisthelittlepeopletryingtomakeadifference,recitingspeechesandallofthis.Hecanfeelhappythathiswork,like,whatheleftbehind,isstillgoingonasifhewasheretoday,”hesaid.

“Andhowdidhestartit?Hestarteditthroughhisvoice,youknow.Throughjustspeakingupforwhatisright.Andnotbeingafraidofwhatpeoplethinkofyou,butknowingwhatisrightandsettingasideallotherthings,”anexcitedandboisterousCecilesaid.

53.Theword“boisterous”inthelastparagraphcanbesubstitutedby（）.

54.Inherspeech,Cecile,afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontestaccusesAmericaof（）.

55.Emoni,anothercontestant,comparedtheHolocausttocurrenteventsinAfricabynotciting（）.

56.Emonisaidtheworldlacks（）.

57.Emoni’smainpointsdidnotinclude（）.

58.Seth,anothercontestant,saidifDr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.werethere,hewould（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.loud

B.quite

C.nice

D.noisy

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.fulfillinghumanitarianobligations

B.promotingjusticeworldwide

C.neglectingpeople

D.usingterminologytodescribewhatDarfurisfacing

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.lackoffood

B.lackofguidance

C.lackofunderstanding

D.lackofcompassion

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.apowerfulleadertocrushwrong

B.apowerfulleadertobringinternationalwrongtolight

C.someonewhounderstandstheproblem

D.someonewhocaresaboutinjustice

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.onlylisteningandlearning

B.hearingandlearning

C.understanding

D.makingadifference

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.beafraidofwhatpeoplewouldthink

B.notknowwhatisrightintoday’sworld

C.feelhappythathisworkwasstillgoingon

D.wantthestudenttostudyharder

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:C

【解析】53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句anexcitedandboisterousCecilesaid（興奮而喧鬧的塞西爾說(shuō)），文章開頭就提到了文章是辯論賽的決賽，那么辯論賽的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)該是興奮而又喧鬧的，所以可推測(cè)boisterous指的應(yīng)該是“喧鬧的”。D選項(xiàng)“嘈雜的；喧鬧的”，符合文章詞義，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“大聲的”，跟“喧鬧”有一定的區(qū)別，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“相當(dāng)”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“精密的，美好的”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

54.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段theworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightofourhumanitarianobligation.Theworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”（全世界對(duì)不公正置之不理，忽視了我們的人道主義義務(wù)。世界正在為描述達(dá)爾富爾所面臨的問(wèn)題的術(shù)語(yǔ)而爭(zhēng)吵）這是Cecile對(duì)整個(gè)世界的控訴，不是對(duì)美國(guó)的控訴。第二段的內(nèi)容才是對(duì)美國(guó)的控訴，即Itallcomesdowntopeopleneglectingpeople.（這一切都?xì)w結(jié)于人們忽視他人），C選項(xiàng)“忽視人民”符合文章內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“履行人道主義義務(wù)”，文章提到，忽視了我們的人道主義義務(wù)，A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)全球正義”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“用術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)描述達(dá)爾富爾所面臨的問(wèn)題”，文章提到世界正在為描述達(dá)爾富爾所面臨的問(wèn)題的術(shù)語(yǔ)而爭(zhēng)吵，并沒有用術(shù)語(yǔ)解決問(wèn)題，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.（Emoni以缺乏指導(dǎo)、理解和同情為例，將大屠殺和非洲的當(dāng)前事件進(jìn)行了對(duì)比），A選項(xiàng)“食物的缺乏”，沒有提及，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“缺乏指導(dǎo)”、C選項(xiàng)“缺乏理解”，D選項(xiàng)“缺乏同情心”，文章提到，Emoni以缺乏指導(dǎo)、理解和同情為例。可排除B、C、D選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第六段第二句ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout（達(dá)爾富爾的局勢(shì)基本上被忽視