考研考博-英語-廣西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Theirrationalfearspeopleexpresstodayaboutcloningparallelthosesurroundingroboticshalfacenturyago.SoIwouldliketoproposeThreeLawofCloningthatalsoclarifythreemisunderstandings:1.Ahumancloneisahumanbeingnolessuniqueinhisorherpersonhoodthananidenticaltwin.2.Ahumanclonehasalltherightsandprivilegesthataccompanythislegalandmoralstatus.3.Ahumancloneistobeaccordedthedignityandrespectdueanymemberofyourspecies.Althoughsuchsimplificationsriskerasingtherichdifferencesfoundinethicaldebatesoverpioneeringresearch,theydoaidinreducingridiculousfearsoftenassociatedwithsuchadvances.

【答案】人們今天對克隆所表現(xiàn)出的非理性恐懼與50年前人們對機(jī)器人表現(xiàn)出的恐懼類似。因此我提出三個(gè)關(guān)于克隆的觀點(diǎn)來澄清三個(gè)誤解：1、克隆人也是人，他的個(gè)性就像同卵孿生子一樣。2、克隆人擁有與這種法律和道德地位伴隨的所有權(quán)利和特權(quán)。3、克隆人應(yīng)該被給予應(yīng)有的尊嚴(yán)和尊重，就像你對待其它成員一樣。盡管這類簡化冒著消除有關(guān)前沿研究的道德爭論的復(fù)雜性，但是的確有助于減少有關(guān)的荒謬的恐懼。

2.單選題

Hewassoangrythathejustcouldn’t（）fromtellingthemwhathethought.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.holdoff

B.holdon

C.holdback

D.holdup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。holdbackfrom意為“抑制…阻止…”。句意“他非常生氣，忍不住把自己的想法告訴了他們?！边x項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.寫作題

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“LoveandBeingLoved"accordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.

愛和被愛是人際社會關(guān)系最重要的一對因子。愛是付出，它是奉獻(xiàn)；被愛是接受，它是幸福；但它們又是相互置換。請你圍繞這一命題，結(jié)合事例談?wù)勀銓λ鼈兊恼J(rèn)識和看法。

【答案】略

4.單選題

TeresaEstes,alicensedmental-healthcounselor,watchedasbusinessatherprivatepracticedecreasedlastyear.Thenthesinglemotherturnedtoherkeyboardtoboostherincome.

Ms.Estesappliedtobecomean“expert”onLivePersonInC.aWebsitewhereclientspayforonlinechattimewithprofessionalsandadvisersofallfields.For$1.89aminute—aratesheset—the39-year-oldfromMarianna,FlA.dispensesadvicetoclientsaroundtheglobe.Shespendsaboutfourhoursadayonline,oftenatnight,whenherdaughterhasgonetobed.

“Itwastheeconomy,”shesaysofhermovetotakeherskillsonline.“LivePersonismoreprofitablethanmyprivatepractice.”Ms.Esteshadchargedherprivateclientsupto$75anhour.

Astherecessiondeepens,asmallbutgrowingnumberofpeoplearetakingtheirskillsonline,offeringexpertiseorperformingspecifiedtasksforafee.Labor-at-the-keyboardsitesaregainingpopularityaspeopleincreasinglyturntotheWebinsearchofwork.Internetjob-searchsitessawa51%riseintrafficfromJanuary2008toJanuary2009,accordingtocomScoreMediaMetrix,to26.7millionuniquevisitors.

Amongthemanyfee-for-serviceWebsitesoutthere,atleastthreeareattractingasignificantnumberofusers—thoughconsumersshouldexerciseahealthydegreeofskepticismwhenconsultinganyofthesesites.LivePersonseeksoutexpertsonaslewoftopics,includingmentalhealth,financialservices,shoppingandfashion,aswellaspsychicsandspiritualadvisers.MechanicalTurk,aWebservicerunbyAInC.paysworkerstoperformtasks,suchascatalogingproductsonline.AssociatedContentpayscontributorstowritearticlesonawiderangeofsubjects,fromorganicflowergardeningtohowtoapplyforfinancialaid.

LivePersonwentpublicin2001,andthecurrentversionofthesitewaslaunchedinlate2007.Today,thesitehas30,000registeredexperts,attractinganaverageof100,000peopleayearwhopayfortheofferedservices,saysChiefExecutiveOfficerRobertLoCascio.Roughly3,500peoplehavemadecontributingtothesitetheirfull-timejob,hesays.

LivePersonsaysitvetscontributors’qualifications,suchasmedicallicensesorfinancialcertification,throughathirdparty,andreliesheavilyonitscommunityreviews.Some200peopleadayapplytobeLivePersonexperts,upfrom120ayearago,saysMr.LoCascio.Oncecleared,advisersworkwithclientsonacost-per-minutebasissetbytheadviser.Thesitetakesacommissionofbetween30%and35%.

AssociatedContent,bycontrast,reviewssubmissionsinhouseandthendecideshowmuchtopayforthem.Thesite,whichspecializesinhow-topiecesandfeaturestoriesonnewstopics,had237,000registeredcontributorsandmorethanonemillioncontentpiecesasofFebruary,bothaboutdoublefromthesamemonthayearago.

Afterpostingthecontent,thesitesellsadvertisementsagainstitanddistributesittoothercompanies,suchasonlineshoeretailerZappos,whichusethecontentontheirownWebsites.IfAssociatedContentacceptsasubmission(itsaysitrejectsabout25%ofthem),theauthorgetsbetween$5and$30,plus$1,50foreach1,000pageviews.Anabilitytowrite“search-engine-optimized"content,anindustrytermforgeneratinggoodGoogleresults,helps,sayssitefounderLukeBeatty.

Peoplearenotonlylookingforpaymentbutalsoestablishingtheircredentials“assomebodywithexperience”,hesays.Writingaboutaspecificprofession,suchaslaworrealestate,helpsraiseaperson’sprofileonline,enhancinghisjobsearches,saysMr.Beatty.

SabahKarimi,a26-year-oldfromOrlando,FlA.leftacareerinmarketingtobecomeafull-timefreelancewriterandnowspendsbetween8and10hoursaweekwritingforAssociatedContent.Shehasbeenatitforaboutthreeyearsandsayssheearnsroughly$1,000amonthfromherpastandcurrentsubmissions.

Ms.KarimicautionsnewcomerstoAssociatedContentthatittakestimetobuildupearnings.Shesaysshelearnedhowtowritearticlesthatwouldbringtrafficandoftenlooksfornewsyideasthatwillattractreaders.

MechanicalTurk,bycontrast,isbasedon“crowdsourcing”,orbreakingataskintolotsoftinypiecesandgivingittoabiggroupofpeopletocompletequickly.Mostofthesejobs—whichthesitecallsHITs,forhumanintelligencetasks―payjustafewcents.EfficientMTurkers,astheycallthemselves,canmakemorethan$100aweekdoingthingssuchasfindingsomeone’semailaddressorlabelingimagesofaparticularanimalinaphotograph.

AmazonsaysthatMTurknowhas200,000workersfrom100differentcountries,butitdoesn’tkeeptrackofpastfigures.

Thesite—namedforan18th-centurystuntinvolvingaturbanedchess-playing“machine”withanactualchessmasterhiddenwithin—beganasawaytohelpAmazonmanageitsproductdatabase,saysSharonChiarella,vicepresidentofAmazonMechanicalTurk.Amazonusesthesitetohelpsortimagesandcontent,payingpeopleafewcentsatask.MechanicalTurkalsoservesavarietyofcompanieswhoneedWebtasksperformed,especiallythosethatrequireahumanelement.Test-prepstartupKnewtonInC.forexample,usesitextensivelyforfocus-group-typetasks,aswellasenlistingpeopletotakeitspracticetests.

KeriKnutson,amotheroffivefromIndependence,LA.discoveredMechanicalTurkwhenhereldestsonwasheadedforcollege.Ms.Knutson,now45,neededmoneyforhistuitionandfees.Shetookonallkindsoflow-payingbuteasytasksatthebeginning,fromfindingaplacetopurchaseaspecificitemtoidentifyingthenameofastreetinaphotograph.

Peoplelookingtomakemoneyonlineasfee-for-serviceexpertsshouldreadthefineprint.LivePersonhasoneofthemoreformalpaymentsystems,requiringuserstosignupforanaccountbeforetalkingwithanexpert.Somesites,includingAssociatedContentandMechanicalTurk,reservetherighttorefusepaymentifataskisnotcompletedsatisfactorily.

Mostsiteshavearobustcommunityofworkerswhoregularlyofferoneanothertipsonwhichtaskspaythebest.MechanicalTurkusershaveanindependentsitecalledTurkerNation(),whichreviewsthecompaniesthatsolicit(索求)andpayfortaskssothatworkerscancheckacompany’srecordbeforetakingonatask.

Consumerswhousethesesitesalsoneedtoexercisecaution.Relyingonlegalormedicaladvicefromanunknownonlinesourcehasobviousdrawbacks,andtheWebsitesacknowledgethatsomeusershaveregisteredcomplaintsabouttheadviceofferedonthesites.LivePersonwarnsconsumerstooffertheirfinancialandpersonaldetailswithcare.

Fortheworkersonthesesites,evenincrementalsourcesofincomearehelpfulthesedays.Ms.KnutsonnowspendsthemajorityofhertimetranscribingWebaudioandvideoforclients,earningabout$250aweekfor30hoursofwork.Shesaysshehasseenmorecompetitionlatelybutisdeterminedtokeepupherweeklypace.

“IfIdidn’thavethismoney,”shesays,“we’dbestrugglingtofindwhattoeateveryweek.”

1.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?

2.LivePersonInc.isaWebsitewhere（）.

3.Whyarelabor-at-the-keyboardsitesgainingpopularity?

4.HowmuchwillanexpertgetthroughLivePersonifaclientpays$10?

5.MechanicalTurkoriginatedasamethodto（）.

6.WhatdoesTurkerNationdo?

7.WhatdoesMs.Knutsonspendthemajorityofhertimedoing?

8.Whatisprobablythetitleforthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomicrecessionwilllastafewyears.

B.Morepeoplearetakingtheirskillsonlinetomakemoney.

C.AskingforadvicethroughtheInternetisagoodwaytosolveyourproblems.

D.Peopleshouldn’treleasetheirfinancialandpersonaldetailsonline.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peoplechatwitheachotherandmakefriendsfreely

B.professionalsandadvisershelpothersforfree

C.peoplepaymoneyforapplyingtobecomeanexpert

D.clientspayforonlinechattimewithprofessionalsandadvisers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.BecausepeoplelovetoworkontheInternet.

B.BecausemorepeoplearefindingjobsontheInternet.

C.BecausepeoplearebeingaskedtoworkontheInternet.

D.BecauseworkingontheInternetiseasierthanotherwaysofworking.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.$3to$3.5.

B.$10.

C.$6.5to$7.

D.$5.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.labelimagesofaparticularanimalinaphotograph

B.serveavarietyofcompanieswhoneedWebtasksperformed

C.helpAmazonmanageitsproductdatabase

D.findsomeone’semailaddress

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Itreservestherighttorefusepaymentifataskisnotcompletedsatisfactorily.

B.Itreliesonlegalormedicaladvicefromanunknownonlinesource.

C.Itregisterscomplaintsabouttheadviceofferedonthesite.

D.Itreviewsthecompaniesthatsolicitandpayfortasks.

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.Findingaplacetopurchaseaspecificitem.

B.Identifyingthenameofastreetinaphotograph.

C.TranscribingWebaudioandvideoforclients.

D.Strugglingtofindwhattoeateveryweek.

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.ExpertsonLine

B.SellingExpertiseontheInternetforExtraCash

C.SuccessinRecessionTime

D.PromisingOnlineEconomy

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:A

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章主要講的是各領(lǐng)域的收費(fèi)服務(wù)網(wǎng)站興起，使得越來越多的專業(yè)人士通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)賺錢。故B項(xiàng)“越來越多的人利用他們的專業(yè)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上賺錢”比較符合文章大意。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出：Ms.Estesappliedtobecomean“expert”onLivePersonInC.aWebsitewhereclientspayforonlinechattimewithprofessionalsandadvisersofallfields.（埃斯特斯申請成為LivePersonInc.的一名“專家”，這是一家客戶付費(fèi)與各領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)人士和顧問在線聊天的網(wǎng)站）。因此D項(xiàng)“客戶為與專業(yè)人士的在線交流時(shí)間而付費(fèi)”正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出：Labor-at-the-keyboardsitesaregainingpopularityaspeopleincreasinglyturntotheWebinsearchofwork.（隨著人們不斷轉(zhuǎn)向網(wǎng)絡(luò)找工作，鍵盤勞動力網(wǎng)站越來越受歡迎）。因此B項(xiàng)“因?yàn)楦嗟娜嗽诰W(wǎng)上找工作”正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第七段指出：Thesitetakesacommissionofbetween30%and35%（網(wǎng)站收取30%到35%的傭金）。由此可算出，如果客戶支付10美元，網(wǎng)站抽取傭金3—3.5美元，專家將獲得6.5—7美元，故選C。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第十五段指出：Thesite—namedforan18th-centurystuntinvolvingaturbanedchess-playing“machine”withanactualchessmasterhiddenwithin—beganasawaytohelpAmazonmanageitsproductdatabase,saysSharonChiarella,vicepresidentofAmazonMechanicalTurk.（亞馬遜土耳其機(jī)器人的副總裁SharonChiarella說：這個(gè)網(wǎng)站——為一個(gè)18世紀(jì)的噱頭命名，涉及一個(gè)包著頭巾的會下國際象棋的“機(jī)器”，里而隱藏著一個(gè)真正的國際象棋大師——一開始是作為一種幫助亞馬遜管理其產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)庫的方法）。因此C項(xiàng)“幫助亞馬遜管理其產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)庫”正確。

6.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第四段指出：MechanicalTurkusershaveanindependentsitecalledTurkerNation(),whichreviewsthecompaniesthatsolicit(索求)andpayfortaskssothatworkerscancheckacompany’srecordbeforetakingonatask.（MechanicalTurk用戶有一個(gè)獨(dú)立的網(wǎng)站叫土耳其國家（），該網(wǎng)站評估索求的公司和支付任務(wù)，這樣員工可以在接受任務(wù)之前檢查公司的記錄）。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。

7.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第二段指出：Ms.KnutsonnowspendsthemajorityofhertimetranscribingWebaudioandvideoforclients,earningabout$250aweekfor30hoursofwork.（克努森女士現(xiàn)在花大部分的時(shí)間為客戶轉(zhuǎn)錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)音頻和視頻，一周工作30個(gè)小時(shí)賺取約250美元）。因此，C項(xiàng)“為客戶轉(zhuǎn)錄網(wǎng)絡(luò)音頻和視頻”正確。

8.【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章主要講的是各領(lǐng)域的收費(fèi)服務(wù)網(wǎng)站興起，使得越來越多的專業(yè)人士通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)賺錢。因此，A項(xiàng)“在線專家”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

5.單選題

Atsometimeinyourlife,youmayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon'tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It'snottaboototalkaboutfat;it'stabootobefat.The"in"lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimagesaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis"in",fatis"out".

It'snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebeenobsessedwithstayingslimand"inshape".Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelifestyleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sboodlescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

1.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois（

）.

2.Basedontheideasinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"inAmericansociety

（

）.

3.Thetopicoffatismanyothertaboosubjects

（

）.

4.Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out"mean?

5.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise:themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredasataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedabout

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞taboo定位至第二段:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或許，關(guān)于禁忌行為現(xiàn)象最有趣的一個(gè)事情是，它多年來如何能在同樣的社會里發(fā)生變化和曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的某些行為或觀點(diǎn)如何能在另外—個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)變得完全被接受和正常)。由此可知C項(xiàng)“不被公眾接受的行為”正確。

2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或許，關(guān)于禁忌行為現(xiàn)象最有趣的一個(gè)事情是，它多年來如何能在同樣的社會里發(fā)生變化和曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的某些行為或觀點(diǎn)如何能在另外一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)變得完全被接受和正常)。由此推測D項(xiàng)“總有一天不再是禁忌”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Thetopicoffat定位至第三段:Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly(不同于其他禁忌，人們經(jīng)常會談到與肥胖有關(guān)的事情)。因此B項(xiàng)“不同于”正確。

4.語義題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thinis“in”,andfatis“out”定位至第三段:Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”，fatis“out”(苗條的身材讓人聯(lián)想到年輕，活力和成功。另一方面，肥胖的人被認(rèn)為是懶惰或缺乏活力、自我約束和自尊。在一個(gè)注重外表的國家，比如美國，苗條意味著…，而肥胖意味著…)。根據(jù)句意推測,“in”和“out”分別表示“年輕，活力和成功”和“懶惰或缺乏活力、自我約束和自尊”,故C項(xiàng)“瘦就是青春，胖就是缺乏活力”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞healthandexercise和themainreason定位至最后一段:Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise(然而，對年輕外表的追求，不僅僅是因?yàn)槊绹藢?jié)食和身體鍛煉的熱衷),由此可知B項(xiàng)“對保持苗條和青春的追求”正確。

6.單選題

Thegovernmenthaslicensedthiscompanytoproduceweapons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suddenlyhired

B.recentlyfounded

C.legallypermitted

D.scarcelypurchased

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞和動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)suddenlyhired“突然雇傭”；B選項(xiàng)recentlyfounded“最近發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)legallypermitted“法律上允許”；D選項(xiàng)scarcelypurchased“很少購買”。句意：政府已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)這家公司生產(chǎn)武器。劃線部分licensed是批準(zhǔn)的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Duringtheirfistteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe

（

）oflessons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。observation“觀察，監(jiān)視”；investigation“調(diào)查”；inspection“視察，檢查”；examination“考試”。句意：這些學(xué)生在第一年教師培訓(xùn)期的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常去一些當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校觀摩。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Thebruntoftheattacksuponthiscommanderwasbornebyhisyoungerbrother.ScarcelyhadthesmokebeenclearedfromthebattlegroundsofNankingwhenvoicesarosemaligningtheyoungergovernorwhohaderredinreportingtothethronethedeathofhissuccessor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.backbiting

B.gossipingabout

C.spreadingrumors

D.slandering

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)backbiting“誹謗；中傷”；B選項(xiàng)gossipingabout“閑聊……”；C選項(xiàng)spreadingrumors“散布謠言”；D選項(xiàng)slandering“誹謗”；根據(jù)題目中的“voicesarose”可知這個(gè)聲音就是指的后面的內(nèi)容，malign本意指的是“誹謗某人”，而在此處，題中的意思是“所出現(xiàn)的關(guān)于州長的謠言”。所以答案為C“傳播謠言”。句意：非難指揮官的后果由他的弟弟承擔(dān)了。誹謗年輕的州長在向君王報(bào)告他的繼承人的死訊時(shí)犯錯(cuò)了的謠言一出現(xiàn)時(shí)，南京戰(zhàn)場的硝煙便難以消散了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Ifyouwanttokeepyourjobhere,youwillhavetobe（）oflongworkinghoursandlowsalary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tolerant

B.tolerable

C.bearable

D.tolerate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)tolerant“忍受的，有忍耐力的”；B選項(xiàng)tolerable“可容忍的，容許的”；C選項(xiàng)bearable“承受得住的”；D選項(xiàng)tolerate是動詞“忍受”。句意：如果你想保住你在這里的工作，你就得忍受長時(shí)間工作，拿低工資。根據(jù)空格有一個(gè)be動詞，可知空格處應(yīng)填形容詞，排除D，根據(jù)句意理解，本句表達(dá)的是忍受，而不是可容性或承受力，所以A選項(xiàng)符合句意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

HeradvisorpersuadedhertoremainatNanjingUniversitytodoherdoctorate,butshedecidedtoapplytothepostgraduatedivisionoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinstead.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.persuaded

B.todoherdoctorate

C.applyto

D.oftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinstead.

E.沒有問題

【答案】C

【解析】固定短語誤用。applyto改為applyfor。applyto適用于…，應(yīng)用于…。applyfor申請,請求。題干意思事"申請中國科學(xué)院的研究生”，故需要改為applyfor。

11.單選題

Thejudgedoesn’tknowwhetherthewitnessistellingthetruth,buthewill（

）it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.identify

B.enforce

C.distinguish

D.verify

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)identify“認(rèn)出，鑒定”，多用于在眾多物品中選出某一特定物品；B選項(xiàng)enforce“強(qiáng)迫，強(qiáng)化”；C選項(xiàng)distinguish“區(qū)別，辨別”；D選項(xiàng)verify“證實(shí)，查證，核實(shí)”。本句是but連接兩個(gè)并列句子，根據(jù)前面的意思“法官不知道證人說的是否是真話”，推測后面空格部分填入的動詞意思應(yīng)該是“證實(shí)，證明”，

12.單選題

OurheritageandourculturehavecausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.WedonotrealizethatwavinggoodbyeisthewaytosummonaFilipinotoone’sside,orthatinItalycurlingthefingerinabeckoningmotionisagestureoffarewell.

ThosePrivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterW.W.IIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthatGIFTmeanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers.LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlinguisticandculturalnearsightednessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenotice—whenwedoofthedevelopedtastes,mannerisms,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

EvenhereintheU.S,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublicbuildingsormonuments;wedonothavemultilingualguidetours.Veryfewrestaurantmenushavetranslationsandmultilingualbankclerksandpolicemenarerare.

Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelswhereEnglishisspoken.Theattitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives,usuallythemoreaffluent——whospeakEnglish.Ourbusiness,aswellasthenation'sdiplomacy,dealingsareconductedthroughinterpreters.

Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryoftheworld,thedispenseroftheneededfundsandcommodities,thepeacemaker,the“topbanana”intheglobalcast.Butallthatispast.Weareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.

1.Whentheauthoruses“nearsightedness”，heistalking（

）.

2.Thepassageinformsusthat?

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor?

5.Theauthorismostprobably（

）bynationality.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.metaphorically

B.ironically

C.humorously

D.sarcastically

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Americansdonotunderstandtheirownheritageandculturewell

B.theauthordoesnotmindAmericans,culturalblindness

C.Americanspaylittleattentiontoforeigncustomsandlanguages

D.Americahasnoproblemsintheworldbecauseit’sthemostpowerfulcountry

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Americaisbecomingawarlikecountry

B.theAmericanroleintheworldisnolongerproper

C.Americawillbecomethemostpowerfulagainifitstartstolearnforeigncustoms

D.Americashouldn’tremainblindandignorantwithrespecttoothernations’cultures

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.SomeAmericancitizenssentpoisonsasgiftstoGermanyafterW.W.II.

B.AFilipinowillprobablyapproachanAmericanwhowavesbye-bye.

C.ItmaybeunfriendlytoLatinstokeepmorethan3feetawayfromthem.

D.Italiansusethefingermotionstoexpressbye-bye.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.anItalian

B.anAmerican

C.aFilipino

D.aGerman

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者使用‘目光短淺’時(shí)，她正在說……”。文章第三段提到“我們在語言和文化上的近視眼以及不注意去留意他國的愛好，習(xí)慣，習(xí)俗和語言正讓我們在世界上失去朋友，業(yè)務(wù)及尊重”（Ourlinguisticandculturalnearsightednessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenotice—whenwedoofthedevelopedtastes,mannerisms,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld），選項(xiàng)A“比喻地”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“文章告訴我們……”。文章第三段提到“我們在語言和文化上的近視眼以及不注意去留意他國的愛好，習(xí)慣，習(xí)俗和語言正讓我們在世界上失去朋友，業(yè)務(wù)及尊重”（Ourlinguisticandculturalnearsightednessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenotice—whenwedoofthedevelopedtastes,mannerisms,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld），說明美國人不注重別國的習(xí)俗，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“我們能從文章中得出……”文章最后一段提到過去美國人習(xí)慣忽視他國的語言和文化，因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)時(shí)候美國很強(qiáng)大。但是已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)了，我們應(yīng)該意識到我們在世界上的獨(dú)特作用正在改變（Butallthatispast.Weareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging），說明現(xiàn)在美國不應(yīng)該像以前那樣忽視他國的語言和文化，選項(xiàng)D“美國人不應(yīng)該忽視他國的文化”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)作者的描述，下列哪項(xiàng)陳述是不真實(shí)的”。文章第二段提到“給二戰(zhàn)后占領(lǐng)德國的美國軍隊(duì)寄送包裹的美國人為了避稅而在包裹上標(biāo)示‘GIFT’”，而不愿麻煩去發(fā)現(xiàn)‘GIFT’在德語中是“毒藥”的意思（ThosePrivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterW.W.IIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthatGIFTmeanspoisoninGerman），由此可知選項(xiàng)A的描述是不真實(shí)的，是美國人為了避稅錯(cuò)把GIFT（毒藥）當(dāng)GIFT（禮物），符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者可能是哪個(gè)國家的人”。文章使用的是第一人稱，文章多次用“ourheritageandourculture”或者“weareslowlybeginningtorealize…”可以推測作者最有可能是美國人。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.問答題

Thementakingpart,ontheotherhand,areclearlyrecognizable.Thereisnothingabout

theirappearancetosuggestthat

theybelongtoanentirelydifferentage.Thisillusioniscreatedby

A

bychangingfashions.Overtheyears,thegreatmajorityofmenhavesuccessfullyresistedall

B

C

attemptstomakeitchangetheirstyleofdress.Thesamecannotbesaidforwomen.

D

【答案】試題答案：D;them

【解析】考查代詞。由“thegreatmajorityofmen”可知此處對應(yīng)的代詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences.

Althoughwefocusontheneedsofexceptionalchildren,wefindourselvesdescribingtheirenvironmentaswell.Whiletheleadingactoronthestagecapturesourattention,weareawareoftheimportanceofthesupportingplayersandthesceneryoftheplayitself.Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Anditisinthepublicschoolsthatwefindthefullexpressionofsociety’sunderstanding—theknowledge,hopesandfearsthatarepassedontothenextgeneration.

Educationinanysocietyismirrorofthatsociety.Inthatmirrorwecanseethestrengths,theweakness,thehopes,theprejudices,andthecentralvaluesofthecultureitself.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities.

“Allmenarecreatedequal.”We’vehearditmanytimes,butitstillhasimportantmeaningforeducationinademocraticsociety.Althoughthephrasewasusedbythiscountry’sfounderstodenoteequalitybeforethel