考研考博-英語-廣西科技師范學院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西科技師范學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Somecompanieshaveintroducedflexibleworkingtimewithlessemphasisonpressure（

）.

問題1選項

A.thanmoreonefficiency

B.andmoreefficiency

C.andmoreonefficiency

D.thanefficiency

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。題目中emphasis和efficiency處于構(gòu)成并列的關(guān)系。句意：一些公司采用了彈性工作時間，更少地強調(diào)壓力，更多地強調(diào)效率。實際上為“moreemphasisonefficiency”，選項C運用了省略的結(jié)構(gòu)，選項C符合題意。

2.單選題

Theamountofgravitationalattractionbetweentwoobjectsdependsonthemassoftheobjectsand（）betweenthem.

問題1選項

A.whatisthedistance

B.thedistanceis

C.thedistance

D.thedistancewhatis

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞。and并列意義相關(guān)、層次相同、句法功能相同的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，此處空格是和and前的theobjects并列，因此C選項正確。

3.單選題

Aprogramtoderegulatetheeconomyinvolvedtheremovalofmanylegalandgovernmentalrestrictionsthatwereregardedashindrancestofreecompetition.

問題1選項

A.stimuli

B.phases

C.parameters

D.obstacles

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.stimuli促進因素，激勵因素，刺激物B.phases階段，時期

C.parameters決定因素，規(guī)范D.obstacles阻礙，絆腳石

【答案】D

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】hindrances的意思為“造成妨礙的人（或事物）”，指的是阻礙自由競爭的法律和政策，obstacles與之詞義相近，因此D選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】解除經(jīng)濟管制的計劃包括取消許多視為阻礙自由競爭的法律和政策限制。

4.單選題

Thechildrencheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（

）slowlyinto

thesky.

問題1選項

A.floating

B.raising

C.heaving

D.ascending

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。float“漂浮，浮動”；raise“提升，增加”；heave“舉起”；ascend“攀登，上升”。句意：看到數(shù)百只彩色的氣球緩緩升入天空，孩子們歡呼起來。選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

MissRobintriedto（

）allerrorsfromthetypescriptbygoingthroughitverycarefully.

問題1選項

A.object

B.duplicate

C.approve

D.eliminate

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。A選項“反對，抗議”；B選項“復(fù)制，重復(fù)”；C選項“同意，贊成”；D選項“消除，清除，淘汰”；依據(jù)句意‘羅賓小姐仔細檢查打字稿，力求消除所有的錯誤’確定D選項正確。

6.單選題

Puttinginanewwindowwill（）cuttingawaypartoftheroof.

問題1選項

A.include

B.involve

C.contain

D.comprise

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項include“包含，包括，指包括屬于整體的部分，可以是具體的或抽象的”；B選項involve“包含；牽涉；使陷于，指必然包括某種結(jié)果，所接的事物通常是抽象的”；C選項contain“包含；控制，指容器裝有具體東西，含仍有剩余空間之意；也指包含具體之物或數(shù)據(jù)、信息等”；D選項comprise“包含；由…組成，既可指整體包含若干部分，也可指若干部分或成員構(gòu)成整體”。句意：新開一扇窗戶就得拆掉部分屋頂。doingAinvolves(doing)B表示“做A事包含做B這部分工作”，因此B正確。

7.單選題

Readersarerequiredtocomplywiththerulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

問題1選項

A.observet

B.memorizet

C.commentt

D.request

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。complywith表示“照做，遵守”；A項observe“觀察，遵守”，B項memorize“記住，背熟”，C項comment“發(fā)表評論，發(fā)表意見”，D項request“要求，請求”。句意：讀者應(yīng)遵守圖書館的各項規(guī)定，注意自己的行為舉止。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項正確。

8.單選題

Teenagechildrenbegantoasserttheirindependenceandthiscanleadtogooddealof（）inthefamily.

問題1選項

A.controversy

B.friction

C.restriction

D.contradiction

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義解析。controversy“辯論”；friction“摩擦”；restriction“，約束”；contradiction“矛盾，不一致”。句意：青少年開始宣稱他們的獨立，這樣會在家庭中帶來大量的摩擦。選項B符合題意。

9.問答題

Thementakingpart,ontheotherhand,areclearlyrecognizable.Thereisnothingabout

theirappearancetosuggestthat

theybelongtoanentirelydifferentage.Thisillusioniscreatedby

A

bychangingfashions.Overtheyears,thegreatmajorityofmenhavesuccessfullyresistedall

B

C

attemptstomakeitchangetheirstyleofdress.Thesamecannotbesaidforwomen.

D

【答案】試題答案：D;them

【解析】考查代詞。由“thegreatmajorityofmen”可知此處對應(yīng)的代詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

10.單選題

Themediacanimpactcurrentevents.AsagraduatestudentatBerkeleyinthe1960s,IrememberexperiencingtheeventsrelatedtothePeople’sParkthatworeoccurringoncampus.SomeoftheseeventsweregivennationalmediacoverageinthepressandonTV.Ifounditinterestingtocomparemyimpressionsofwhatwasgoingonwithperceptionsobtainedfromthenewsmedia.Icouldbegintoseeeventsofthattimefeedonnewscoverage.Thisalsoprovidedmewithsomehealthyinsightsintothedistinctionsbetweentheserealities.

Electronicmediaarehavingagreaterimpactonthepeople’sliveseveryday.Peoplegathermoreandmoreoftheirimpressionsfromrepresentations.Televisionandtelephonecommunicationsarelinkingpeopletoglobalvillage,orwhatonewritercallstheelectroniccity.Considertheinformationthattelevisionbringsintoyourhomeeveryday.Consideralsothecontactyouhavewithotherssimplybyusingtelephone.Thesemediaextendyourconsciousnessandyourcontact.Forexample,thevideocoverageofthe1989SanFranciscoearthquakefocusedon“l(fā)iveaction”suchasthefiresortherescueefforts.Thisgavetheviewertheimpressionoftotaldisaster.TelevisioncoverageoftheIraqiWaralsodevelopedanimmediacy.CNNreportedeventsastheyhappened.Thiscoveragewasdistributedworldwide.Althoughmostpeoplewerefarawayfromtheseevents,theydevelopedsomeperceptionoftheserealities.

In1992,manypeoplewatchedinhorrorasriotsbrokeoutonasadWednesdayeveninginLosAngeles,seeminglyfedbyvideocoveragefromhelicopters.Thiseventswastriggeredbytheverdict（裁定）intheRodneyKingbeating.32.Wearenowinanagewherethepubliccanhaveaccesstoinformationthatenablesittomakeitsownjudgments,andmostpeople,whohadseenthevideoofthisbeating,couldnotunderstandhowthe—jurywasabletoacquit（宣布無罪）thepolicemeninvolved.Mediacoverageofeventsastheyoccuralsoprovidespowerfulfeedbackthatinfluencesevents.Thiscanhaveharmfulresults,asisseemedonthatWednesdaynightinLosAngeles.ByFridaynightthepublicgottoseeRodneyKingontelevisionpleading,“Canweallgetalong?”BySaturday,televisionseemedtoprovidepositivefeedbackastheLosAngelesriotturnedoutintoarallyforpeace.Thetelevisionshowedthousandsofpeoplemarchingwithbannersandcleaningtools.Becauseofthat,manymorepeopleturnedouttojointhepeacefuleventtheysawunfoldingontelevision.Therealhealing,ofcourse,willtakemuchlonger,butelectronicmediawillcontinuetobeapartofthatprocess.

1.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobefrom?

2.The1989SanFranciscoearthquakewasmentionedtoshow（）.

3.Theterm"electroniccity"，（para.2）refersto（）.

4.The1992LosAngelesriotsbrokeoutbecause（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

問題1選項

A.TextbookofMedia

B.Thesis

C.NewspaperorMagazine

D.Speech

問題2選項

A.howdamagingtheearthquakewas

B.howpeoplecarriedoutrescuework

C.theelectronicmediaextendyourconsciousnessandyourcontact

D.theviewers’impressionoftotaldisaster

問題3選項

A.LosAngeles

B.SanFrancisco

C.Berkeley

D.Earth

問題4選項

A.thejuryacquittedthepolicemenwhohadbeatenRodneyKing

B.peoplecanmaketheirownjudgments

C.videocoveragefromhelicoptershadmadepeopleangry

D.videocoveragehadprovidedpowerfulfeedback

問題5選項

A.mediacoverageofeventsastheyoccurcanhaveeithergoodorbadresults.

B.mostpeoplewhohadseenthevideooftheRodneyKingbeatingagreewiththeverdictofjury.

C.the1992LosAngelesriotslastedawholeweek.

D.RodneyKingseemedveryangrywhenheappearedontelevisiononFriday.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本文通俗易懂，列舉了大量實例讓公眾能更好地理解，具有很強的煽動性，說明了媒體報道既有好的一面也可能帶來壞的影響，全面公正，符合演講的風格。A項“媒體的教科書”和B項“理論”涉及到大量的理論支撐，本文并沒有太多理論，相反舉了大量例子。故AB項排除。C項“報紙或雜志”需要很強的畫面感，語言應(yīng)該言簡意賅，與本文語言風格不符。故D項正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由第二段“Thesemediaextendyourconsciousnessandyourcontact.Forexample,thevideocoverageofthe1989SanFranciscoearthquakefocusedon“l(fā)iveaction”suchasthefiresortherescueefforts.Thisgavetheviewertheimpressionoftotaldisaster.這些媒體可以擴展你的意識和你的接觸層面。例如，1989年舊金山地震的視頻報道聚焦于“現(xiàn)場行動”，比如火災(zāi)或救援行動。這給觀眾一種災(zāi)難的印象。可知1989年舊金山地震的視頻報道是對thesemediaextendyourconsciousnessandyourcontact的舉例論證，故可推知該例子是為了表明這些媒體可以拓展你的意識和接觸層面。C項是對“thesemedia…”的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故C項正確。

3.詞義題。由第二段“Televisionandtelephonecommunicationsarelinkingpeopletoglobalvillage,orwhatonewritercallstheelectroniccity.由or可知electroniccity與“globalvillage”地球村同義，再聯(lián)系上下文可知，電子媒體將我們聯(lián)系在一起，electroniccity本義為電子城，在文中指電子媒體將地球上的人們聯(lián)系起來。故D項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第三段1992,manypeoplewatchedinhorrorasriotsbrokeoutonasadWednesdayeveninginLosAngeles,seeminglyfedbyvideocoveragefromhelicopters.ThiseventswastriggeredbytheverdictintheRodneyKingbeating.Wearenowinanagewherethepubliccanhaveaccesstoinformationthatenablesittomakeitsownjudgments,andmostpeople,whohadseenthevideoofthisbeating,couldnotunderstandhowthe—jurywasabletoacquit（宣布無罪）thepolicemeninvolved.1992年的一個令人悲傷的周三晚上，洛杉磯爆發(fā)了騷亂，許多人驚恐地目睹了這一切，似乎直升機上的視頻報道助長了騷亂。這一事件是由羅德尼?金毆打案的判決引發(fā)的。我們處于一個公眾都能獲得信息并且能作出判斷的時代，大多數(shù)人到這個毆打視頻后都不能理解陪審團為什么會宣布毆打無辜者的警察無罪?？芍?992洛杉磯爆發(fā)騷亂的原因在于陪審團宣布毆打King的警察無罪。故A項正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第三段"Mediacoverageofeventsastheyoccuralsoprovidespowerfulfeedbackthatinfluencesevents.Thiscanhaveharmfulresults,asisseemedonthatWednesdaynightinLosAngeles.媒體對事件發(fā)生時的報道也提供了影響事件的有力反饋。這可能會產(chǎn)生有害的結(jié)果，就像洛杉磯周三晚上發(fā)生的那樣?？芍襟w對事件的報道會產(chǎn)生有害影響。而第二段提到了電子媒體對人們的生活的積極影響。故綜合全篇來看，媒體對事件的報道既可以帶來積極影響也可能帶來有害的影響。故A項正確。B項“大多數(shù)看過羅德尼?金毆打視頻的人都同意陪審團的裁決?！迸c原文內(nèi)容相反。C項“1992洛杉磯暴亂持續(xù)了一整個星期”，文中提到該暴亂開始與周三的晚上，于周六演變成和平集會，所以并不是持續(xù)了一整周。故C項不正確。D項與原文“ByFridaynightthepublicgottoseeRodneyKingontelevisionpleading,“Canweallgetalong?到周五晚上，公眾看到羅德尼?金在電視上懇求道:“我們能和睦相處嗎？”不符，從原文可看出RodneyKing并不是很生氣。故D項錯誤。

11.單選題

ContinuedinequitiesbetweentherichandpowerfulminorityandtheimpoverishedmassesappalledmostEgyptians.

問題1選項

A.offended

B.captivated

C.shocked

D.puzzled

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.offended得罪，冒犯B.captivated迷住，使著迷

C.shocked使震驚，使驚愕D.puzzled迷惑，使困惑

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】appalled的意思為“使膽寒，使驚駭”，和mostEgyptians構(gòu)成動賓搭配關(guān)系，指的是大多數(shù)埃及人很震驚，shocked與之詞義相近，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】有錢有勢的少數(shù)人和貧窮大眾之間長期不平等，這使大多數(shù)埃及人感到震驚。

12.單選題

Untilrecentlymostastronomersbelievedthatthespacebetweenthegalaxiesinouruniversewasanearperfectvacuum.Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallsupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallstars,eachalittlelargerthantheplanetJupiter.Thesestarsvastlyoutnumbertheotherstarsinagivengalaxy.Theamountof“intergalacticrainfall”intosomeofthesegalaxieshasbeenenoughtodoubletheirmassinthetimesincetheyformed.Scientistshavebeguntosuspectthatthisintergalacticgasisprobablyamixtureofgasesleftoverfromthe“bigbang”whenthegalaxieswereformedandgaswasforcedoutofgalaxiesbysupernovaexplosions.

Itiswellknownthatwhengasiscooledataconstantpressureitsvolumedecreases.Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.Thenetresultisacontinuousflowofgas,startingashotgasesinintergalacticspaceandendingasadrizzleofcoolgascalleda“coolingflow,”fallingintothecentralgalaxy.Afairlyhereticalideainthe1970’s,thecooling-flowtheorygainedsupportwhenFabianobservedaclusterofgalaxiesintheconstellationPerseusandfoundthecentralgalaxy,NGC1275,tobeastrange-lookingobjectwithirregular,thinstrandsofgasradiatingfromit.Accordingtopreviousspeculation,thesestrandsweregasesthathadbeenblownoutbyanexplosioninthegalaxy.Fabian,however,disagreed.BecausethestrandsofgasradiatingfromNGC1275arevisibleinopticalphotographs,Fabiansuggestedthatsuchstrandsconsistednotofgasblownoutofthegalaxybutofcoolingflowsofgasstreaminginward.Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,ifFabianiscorrect,gasintheperipheralregionsofagalaxycluster______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,Fabianbelievesthatgasflowingintoacentralgalaxyhaswhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

4.TheauthorofthepassageprobablymentionsCanizares’determinationinorderto______.

問題1選項

A.illustrateahypothesisabouttheoriginofgalaxies

B.provideevidencetodisputeanacceptedtheoryabouttheevolutionofgalaxies

C.summarizethestateofandprospectsforresearchinintergalacticastronomy

D.reconcileopposingviewsontheformationofintergalacticgas

問題2選項

A.streamsoutwardintointergalacticspace

B.iscomposedprimarilyofgasleftoverfromthebigbang

C.ishotterthangasinthecentralregionsofthegalaxy

D.expandstoincreasethesizeofthegalaxy

問題3選項

A.Itisone-tenthhotterthanitwasintheouterregionsofthegalaxycluster.

B.Itemitsradiationwithwavelengthsthatchangeasthegasmovestowardthecenterofthegalaxy.

C.Thetotalamountofradiationemitteddiminishesasthegascools.

D.Itcondensesataratemuchslowerthantherateofdecreaseintemperatureasthegasflowsinward.

問題4選項

A.clarifyanambiguityinFabian’sresearchfindings

B.illustrateageneralizationaboutthetemperatureofgasinagalaxycluster

C.introduceanewargumentinsupportoftheorthodoxviewofgalaxies

D.providesupportforFabian’sassertionsaboutthePerseusgalaxies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“文章的主要目的是……”。文章的第一段提出了不同的宇宙的正統(tǒng)觀點并做了初步介紹：Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.（這種關(guān)于宇宙的正統(tǒng)觀點現(xiàn)在正受到天文學家的挑戰(zhàn)，他們認為一場巨大的氣體“雨”正從許多星系周圍的所謂真空落入它們）；接著第二段就圍繞具體的內(nèi)容展開闡述，提出了不同天文學家的不同的看法；由此可以推知文章的目的是為反駁關(guān)于星系進化的被接受的理論提供證據(jù)，B項“提供證據(jù)來爭論關(guān)于星系演化的公認理論”符合題意；A項“舉例說明一個關(guān)于星系起源的假說”和D項“調(diào)和關(guān)于星系間氣體形成的不同觀點”只是文章其中的一部分；C項“綜述了星系間天文學的研究現(xiàn)狀和前景”，文中沒有提到天文學的研究現(xiàn)狀和前景。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章中可以推斷出，如果Fabian是正確的，在一個星系團的外圍區(qū)域的氣體……”。根據(jù)第二段的第二句和第三句Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.（因此，物理學家Fabian推斷，當星系間氣體冷卻時，冷卻的氣體會向星系中心收縮。與此同時，它的位置被來自更遠星系邊緣的較熱的氣體所取代，這些氣體冷卻和壓縮并流入星系。）可知，F(xiàn)abian認為一個星系團的外圍區(qū)域的氣體要比星系中心熱，C項“比星系中心區(qū)域的氣體還要熱”正確；A項“流向星系間的空間”，這是當星系間氣體冷卻時，冷卻的氣體會流向星系中心，題干問的是星系團的外圍氣體；B項“主要是由大爆炸留下的氣體組成”和D項“擴大增加了星系的體積”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，F(xiàn)abian認為流入中央星系的氣體具有以下哪一個特征？”。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.（Fabian指出，隨著氣體冷卻，氣體發(fā)出的輻射波長會發(fā)生變化，因此當氣體流入星系并變得更冷時，它不會發(fā)出x射線，而是發(fā)出可見光，就像照片中捕捉到的那樣）可知，F(xiàn)abian認為流入中央星系的氣體發(fā)出的輻射波長會隨著氣體向星系中心移動而發(fā)生變化，B項“它發(fā)出的輻射波長隨著氣體向星系中心移動而變化”正確；由第二段最后一句Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.（Fabian的假設(shè)得到了1982年Canizares的支持，即英仙座星系團的大部分氣體溫度為8000萬開氏度，而緊鄰NGC1275的氣體溫度僅為這個溫度的十分之一）可知，星系團外圍區(qū)域的溫度僅為星系團溫度的十分之一，A項“它比星系團外圍區(qū)域的溫度高十分之一”錯誤；C項“隨著氣體冷卻，放射出的輻射總量減少”，文中沒有提到發(fā)出的輻射量是增多還是減少；D項“當氣體向內(nèi)流動時，它冷凝的速度比溫度下降的速度要慢得多”沒提到。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“這篇文章的作者提到Canizares的決定可能是為了……”。第二段最后一句提到Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.（Fabian的假設(shè)得到了1982年Canizares的支持，即英仙座星系團的大部分氣體溫度為8000萬開氏度，而緊鄰NGC1275的氣體溫度僅為這個溫度的十分之一），可推知作者提到Canizares的決定是為了對Fabian關(guān)于英仙座星系的斷言提供支持，D項“為Fabian關(guān)于英仙座星系的斷言提供支持”符合題意；A項“澄清Fabian研究結(jié)果中的一個歧義”，文中沒有提到歧義；B項“舉例說明一個關(guān)于星系團中氣體溫度的概括”并不是文章提到Canizares的目的；C項“引入一個新的論點來支持正統(tǒng)的星系觀點”，文章在這里是用來支持Fabian的假設(shè)，而非正統(tǒng)的星系觀點。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

13.單選題

Itisaninterestingfact______trytodothesamethingsasnaturedoes,theyusuallyhavetodotheminadifferentway.

問題1選項

A.thatwhenmen

B.whenthatmen

C.thatmen

D.whenmen

【答案】A

【解析】考查主語從句和狀語從句。句意：一個有趣的事實是，當人們試圖做自然所做的同樣的事情時，他們通常不得不以不同的方式去做。It作形式主語，真正的主語是橫線到句尾部分，其中主語從句中包含一個時間狀語從句，that引導主語從句，when引導時間狀語從句，所以A選項thatwhenmen正確。其余選項語法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

14.單選題

Hipreplacementsurgeryis（）jointreplacementsurgeryintheU.S.

問題1選項

A.thesinglemostfrequent

B.themostsinglefrequent

C.thesinglefrequent

D.asinglefrequent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞排序。按照形容詞最高級用法，themost排在最前面，single表示種類，frequent表示頻率，處于常規(guī)形容詞排序之外，因此B選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Inspiteofmyrepeatedapologies,sheneverforgavemeformy（

）herprivateaffairs.

問題1選項

A.potentialfor

B.expertiseof

C.intrusioninto

D.injectioninto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項potentialfor“有……潛能/可能”；B選項expertiseof“……專業(yè)技能/知識”；C選項intrusioninto“侵入，侵犯，侵擾”；D選項injectioninto“注射，注入”。由privateaffairs（隱私）可知C選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：盡管我一再道歉，但她不會原諒我侵犯了她的隱私。

16.單選題

HislecturesonRomanhistorywoulddocredit____arealexpert.

問題1選項

A.in

B.to

C.of

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項in“在……里”；B選項to“向；對；為了”；C選項of“……的；關(guān)于”；D選項with“和；用；具有”。句意：他關(guān)于羅馬歷史的講座會____一個真正的專家。根據(jù)docredit____arealexpert推斷，此處考查短語docreditto“為……帶來榮光；提高……的身價”，空格處缺少的應(yīng)為B選項to。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

17.單選題

Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmyths.Atthetopofthelististhenotionthatintelligenceismeasuredbyyourabilitytosolvecomplexproblems;toread,writeandcomputeatcertainlevels,andtoresolveabstractequationsquickly.Thisvisionofintelligenceassertsformaleducationandbookishexcellenceasthetruemeasuresself-fulfillment.Itencouragesakindofintellectualprejudicethathasbroughtwithitsomediscouragingresults.Wehavecometobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldisciplineis"intelligent".Yetmentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates.Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayandeachpresentmomentofeveryday.

Ifyouarehappyifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareintelligentperson.Problemsolvingisausefulhelptoyourhappiness,butifyouknowthatgivenyourinabilitytoresolveaparticularconcernyoucanstillchoosehappinessforyourself,orataminimumrefusetochooseunhappiness,thenyouareintelligent,yourareintelligentbecauseyouhavetheultimateweaponagainstthebigN.B.DNervousBreakDown.

“Intelligent"peopledonothaveN.B.D'sbecausetheyareinchargeofthemselves.Theyknowhowtochoosehappinessoverdepressionbecausetheyknowhowtodealwiththeproblemsoftheirlives.

Youcanbegintothinkofyourselfastrulyintelligentonthebasisofhowyouchoosetofeelinthefaceoftryingcircumstances.Thelifestrugglesareprettymuchthesameforeachofus

EveryonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthassimilardifficultiesDisagreements,conflictandcompromisesareapartofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Similarly,money,growingold,sickness,deaths,naturaldisastersandaccidentsarealleventswhichpresentproblemstovirtuallyallhumanbeing.Butsomepeopleareabletomakeit,toavoidimmobilizingdepressionandunhappinessdespitesuchoccurrences,whileotherscollapseorhaveanN.B.D.Thosewhorecognizeproblemsasahumanconditionanddon'tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;also,themostrare.

1.Accordingtotheauthortheconventionalnotionofintelligencemeasuredintermsofone'sabilitytoread,writeandcompute（）.

2.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatholdingauniversitydegree（）.

3.Theauthorthinksthatanintelligentpersonknows（）.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthortellsusthat（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofpeoplearerare?

問題1選項

A.isawidelyheldbutwrong

B.willhelpeliminateintellectualprejudice

C.therootofallmentaldistress

D.willcontributetoone'sselffulfillment

問題2選項

A.mayresultinone'sinabilitytosolvecomplexreal-lifeproblem:

B.doesnotindicateone'sabilitytowriteproperlywordeddocuments

C.maymakeonementallysickandphysicallyweak

D.doesnotmeanthatoneishighlyintelligent

問題3選項

A.howtoputupwithsomeveryprevalentmyths

B.howtofindthebestwaytoachievesuccessinlife

C.howtoavoiddepressionandmakehislifeworthwhile

D.howtopersuadeotherstocompromise

問題4選項

A.difficultiesarebutpartofeveryoneslife

B.depressionandunhappinessareunavoidableinlife

C.everybodyshouldlearntoavoidtryingcircumstances

D.goodfeelingscancontributetoeventualacademicexcellence

問題5選項

A.Thosewhodon'temphasizebookishexcellenceintheirpursuitofhappiness

B.Thosewhoarenotawareofdifficultiesinlifebutknowhowtoavoidunhappiness

C.ThosewhomeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsbutseldomsufferfromN.B.D's.

D.Thosewhoareabletosecurehappinessthoughhavingtostruggleagainsttryingcircumstances

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmyths”中文翻譯為“對自己負責包括平息一些非常流行的神話?！苯Y(jié)合語境，因此A為最佳選項。

2.細節(jié)推理題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Wehavecometobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldisciplineisintelligentYetmentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates..”中文翻譯為：我們開始相信，那些擁有更多教育價值徽章并且非常擅長某種形式的學校紀律的人是‘聰明的’。然而，精神病院里擠滿了那些擁有所有字母證書的病人。可以得知D選項符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayandeachpresentmomentofeveryday.”中文翻譯為更真實的智力指標是一種有效的、幸福的生活，活在每一天和當下的每一刻。以及“Ifyouarehappy,ifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareanintelligentperson.”，中文翻譯為：如果你快樂，每一分鐘都過得值得，那么你就是聰明的人。此外“Theyknowhowtochoosehappinessoverdepression.”，中文翻譯為：聰明的人知道如何選擇幸福而不是沮喪。因此，C最符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文最后一段“Everyonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthassimilardifficulties.Disagreements,conflictsandcompromisesareapartofwhatitmeanstobehuman.”，中文翻譯為：“每個在任何社會環(huán)境中與其他人打交道的人都有類似的困難。分歧、沖突和妥協(xié)是作為人的意義的一部分?！惫蔄最符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到原文“Thosewhorecognizeproblemsasahumanconditionanddon’tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;also,themostrare.”中文翻譯為：“那些能夠懂得各種困難是人生難免的狀況，不以是否遭遇問題來衡量幸福與否的人是最聰明，也是出類拔萃的?！笨梢缘弥狟項最為符合。

18.單選題

Nuclearwastesareconsideredto（

）athreattohumanhealthandmarinelife.

問題1選項

A.expose

B.apply

C.impose

D.pose

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。expose意為“揭露，揭發(fā)”；apply意為“應(yīng)用，運用”；impose意為“推行，迫使，利用”；pose意為“造成(威脅、問題等)，引起，產(chǎn)生”。

句意：核廢料被認為對人類健康和海洋生物造成威脅。

19.單選題

（）hisknowledgeandacademicbackground,heisbasicallystupid.

問題1選項

A.Butfor

B.Accordingto

C.Forall

D.Thanksto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管他有一定的知識和學術(shù)背景，但是從根本上來說他還是很笨的。

考查短語辨析。butfor要不是，如果沒有；accordingto按照，根據(jù)；forall盡管，雖然；thanksto由于，幸虧。根據(jù)后半句句意“從根本上來說他還是很笨的”可知前半句表示讓步，故選C項。

20.單選題

Whatdoesthefutureholdfortheproblemofhousing?Agooddealdepends,ofcourse,

onthemeaningof"futureIfoneisthinkingintermsofsciencefictionandthespaceage,itisatleastpossibletoassumethatmanwillhavesolvedsuchtrivialandearthlyproblemsashousing.Writersofsciencefiction,fromH.GWellsonwards,havehadlittletosayonthesubject.Theyhaveconveyedthesuggestionthatmenwillliveingreatcomfort,witheveryconceivableapparatustomakelifesmooth,healthyandeasy,ifnothappy.Buttheyhavenotsaidwhathishousewillbemadeof.Perhapssomenewbuildingmaterial,asyetunimagined,willhavebeendiscoveredorinventedatleast.Onemaybecertainthatbricksandmortarwilllonghavegoneoutoffashion.

Buttheproblemsofthenextgenerationortwocanmorereadilybeimagined.Scientistshavealreadypointedoutthatunlesssomethingisdoneeithertorestricttheworld’srapidgrowthinpopulationortodiscoveranddevelopnewsourcesoffood(orboth),millionsofpeoplewillbedyingofstarvationoratthebestsufferingfromunderfeedingbeforethiscentur3tisout.Butnobodyhasyetworkedoutanyplanforhousingthesegrowingpopulations.Admittedlytheworstsituationswilloccurinthehottestpartsoftheworld,wherehousingcanbelightstructureorinbackwardsareaswherestandardsaretraditionallylow.Buteventheminimumshelterrequiresmaterialsofsomekindandintheteeming,bulgingtownsthelow-standard"housing1'offlattenedpetrolcansanddittycanvasisfarmorewastefulofgroundspacethancanbetolerated.

Sincethewar,HongKonghassufferedthekindofcrisiswhichislikelytoariseinmanyotherplacesduringthenextgeneration.Literallymillionsofrefugeesarrivedtoswellthealreadygrowingpopulationandemergencystepshadtobetakenrapidlytopreventsqualoranddiseaseandthespreadcrime.Thecityistacklingthesituationenergeticallyandenormousblocksoftenementsarerisingatanastonishingspeed.ButHongKongisonlyonesmallpartofwhatwillcertainlybecomeavastproblemandnotmerelyahousingproblem,becausewhenpopulationgrowsatthisratethereareaccompanyingproblemsofeducation,transport,hospitalservicesdrainage,watersupplyandsoon.NoteveryareamaygivethesameresourcesasHongKongtodrawuponandthesearchforquickerandcheapermethodsofconstructionmustnevercease.

1.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofhousingproblemsinthefirstparagraph?

2.Thewriterbelievesthatinthedistantfuture（

）.

3.Thewriterbelievesthatthebiggestproblemslikelytoconfronttheworldbeforetheendofthecentury（

）.

4.Whenthewritersaysthattheworstsituationwilloccurinthe