考研考博-英語(yǔ)-德宏職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-德宏職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Irecommendthattheplanning（）untilallthematerialshavebeensupplied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isnotstarted

B.willnotbestarted

C.notbestarted

D.isnottobestarted

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我建議應(yīng)該在所有的材料己被提供后才啟動(dòng)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。句子謂語(yǔ)為recommend,表示要求建議,這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞所接的賓語(yǔ)從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:(should)+原形動(dòng)詞，且should—般會(huì)省略,故選C。

2.單選題

（

）wecontinuetoworkhard,wecanfinishthetaskaheadofschedule.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Assoonas

B.Asfaras

C.Solongas

D.Sofaras

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。assoonas一…就；asfaras至于；sofaras到目前為止；solongas“只要”，句意：我們只要繼續(xù)努力工作，就能在計(jì)劃之前完成工作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

MaybethesaddestdefectofautumninAmericaisthefactthecountryissolargethatsomeregionsdonotgettoexperienceit—SouthernCalifornia,forone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regret

B.fault

C.worry

D.feature

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.regret懊悔，遺憾B.fault缺陷，毛病

C.worry擔(dān)心，憂(yōu)慮D.feature特色，特征

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】defect的意思為“缺點(diǎn)，缺陷”，指的是美國(guó)秋天的缺點(diǎn)是，有的地方?jīng)]有秋天，fault與之詞義相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】也許美國(guó)秋天最可悲的缺點(diǎn)就是，美國(guó)幅員遼闊，以至于一些地區(qū)無(wú)法體驗(yàn)到秋天——比如南加州。

4.單選題

Byafternoon,itwasimpossibleto（）theheat,sowestoppedworkingandwent

inside.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mask

B.endure

C.defeat

D.shelter

【答案】B

【解析】句意:到下午了，我們不可能忍受炎熱，因此，我們要停止工作，回到室內(nèi)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。mask掩藏；endure忍耐，容忍；defeat戰(zhàn)勝，擊??；shelter保護(hù)，庇護(hù)。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)theheat熱度可知，B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：在打字的時(shí)候，凱西停下來(lái)梳理一下她柔順的長(zhǎng)發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同時(shí)地；eventually最終，最后；occasionally偶爾。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rid“得到解脫的”；B選項(xiàng)ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C選項(xiàng)soup“使振作;打扮”；D選項(xiàng)dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光線太昏暗我沒(méi)法看書(shū)。我再也受不了了。根據(jù)后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合題意。

7.單選題

Hehadafallandhavea（）fractureinabone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hairgrip

B.hairpiece

C.hairline

D.hairstyle

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)hairgrip“發(fā)夾”；B選項(xiàng)hairpiece“假發(fā)”；C選項(xiàng)hairline“發(fā)際線，極細(xì)的線，細(xì)縫”；D選項(xiàng)hairstyle“發(fā)型”。hairlinefracture是一醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)，“骨裂”，即一種如頭發(fā)般的單處骨折裂痕。句意：他摔了一跤，骨裂了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirsttrytofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitaccordingtoconsumerdemand.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingcustomers.Thisconcepthasbeenrecognizedinsuchslogansas"HaveItYourWay"and"You'retheBoss".Agoodexampleoftheimportanceofsatisfyingtheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled!

1.Agoodknowledgeofthedifferencebetweenmarketingandsellingleadsto（）.

2.Nottoolongago,industriesfocusedon（）.

3.Theverycoreofmarketingliesin（）.

4.Asuccessfulbusinessdealcantakeplaceonlywhen（）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggeststhat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theefficientproductionofgoods

B.aperfectcommandofsalesmanship

C.abasiccommandofthemarketingconcept

D.theconversionofgoodsintomoney

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.producingandsellinggoods

B.theneedsandwantsofcustomers

C.thesellingofnewproducts

D.movinggoodstothemarket

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.allunderstandingofconsumerneeds

B.theefficientmovementofgoods

C.developingnewwantsforconsumergoods

D.makinggoodsreadilyavailabletocustomers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecustomerissatisfiedattheexpenseofthecompany

B.acompanymakesabigprofit

C.consumersatisfactionandcompanyprofitaregivenequalimportance

D.priorityisgiventotherequirementsofthecustomer

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theconsumershouldbeallowedtodothingshisownway

B.theconsumershouldbetreatedlikeaking

C.theconsumershouldhavethefinalsayinthesellingofanyproduct

D.theconsumershouldbeadvisedonwhattobuy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling定位至第一段:Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling(要了解營(yíng)銷(xiāo)概念，只有必要區(qū)分營(yíng)銷(xiāo)和銷(xiāo)售的不同)，由此可知C項(xiàng)“營(yíng)銷(xiāo)概念的基本掌握”正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Nottoolongago定位至第二段:Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible(幾年前，大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要集中在高效生產(chǎn)的商品，然后依靠“有說(shuō)服力的推銷(xiāo)方式”來(lái)盡可能多的銷(xiāo)售這些產(chǎn)品)，也就是不久前，行業(yè)集中于高效生產(chǎn)商品和銷(xiāo)售商品，故選A項(xiàng)“生產(chǎn)和銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品”。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Marketing，ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem(另一方面，市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)也需要著重于消費(fèi)者的需求。它開(kāi)始于首先分析消費(fèi)者的喜好和需求之后，然后生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，滿(mǎn)足他們)。因此,A項(xiàng)“完全理解顧客的需求”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs(這個(gè)概念并不意味著滿(mǎn)足顧客得優(yōu)先于公司利潤(rùn)。每次的交易都有正反兩面，也就是在交易前必須滿(mǎn)足公司和消費(fèi)者各自的需求)，因此，選C項(xiàng)“顧客滿(mǎn)足和公司利潤(rùn)都同等重要”。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一句為:Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled(公眾大部分比例對(duì)新口味的不接受使得可口可樂(lè)公司快速地恢復(fù)原先的口味。然后以消費(fèi)者至上的規(guī)則銷(xiāo)售)。因此不難推測(cè)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)“對(duì)待顧客就應(yīng)該像國(guó)王一樣”正確。

9.寫(xiě)作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonScienceandHumanity.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.Yourpositiononthetopic;

2.Positivesideoftheissue;

3.Negativesideoftheissue;

4.Yoursuggestions.

【答案】ScienceandHumanity

Scienceisanindispensableelementtoanyexistingsociety.Sciencecanpromotetheprogressofoursociety.Scienceenablespeopletogetridofstupidity,superstitionandignorance.Sciencemeansprobingintotheregularityofthings,i.e.seekingtruth.Sciencecanrenderpeoplemorerationalintheprocessofsolvingcertaindifficultproblems.Wecanhardlysurviveinthisworldwithoutthepotentsupportofscience.Butscienceitselfcannotsolveproblemsrelatedtohumanityautomatically.

Humanityisasimportantasscience.Humanitysteersthecourseofscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment.Humanitycanalsopromotethehealthydevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Humanitymeanspursuinggoodness.Humanityisconducivetotheharmonyandstabilityofoursociety.Withoutscience,humanityisanemptytalk.

Scienceandhumanityhavedifferentconnotationsbutthereisanintrinsicconnectionbetweenthem.Theyarethetwoindispensableelementsofasociety’sdevelopmentandprogress.Theycomplementratherthanrepeleachother.Asocietythatoveremphasizessciencebutignoreshumanityisnotperfect.Onethatoveremphasizeshumanitybutoverlooksscienceisnotperfect,either.

Basedontheabovediscussion,itcanbeconcludedthatsciencehasitslimitationsandsodoeshumanity.SoIstronglysuggestthatpeopleharnesshumanityasaguidelinewhiledevelopingsciencebecausehumanitycandirectthedevelopmentofsciencecorrectly.Ofcourse,nevershouldpeoplebelittlesciencebecausescienceisthebasisonwhichpeoplecansurviveintheworld.

10.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

南京擁有兩千四百多年建城史，是全國(guó)首批公布的歷史文化名城之一。全市有國(guó)家級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位27處，其中，明孝陵己被列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。600多年前建成的明城墻，現(xiàn)存25.091公里，是目前世界上保存最長(zhǎng)的古城墻。南京現(xiàn)有12個(gè)項(xiàng)目被列入國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)名錄，南京云錦、金陵刻經(jīng)被列入世界非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。

農(nóng)歷八月十五是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的中秋節(jié)。八月十五恰在秋季的中間，故謂之中秋節(jié)。中秋之夜，月色皎潔，古人把圓月視為團(tuán)圓的象征。相傳我國(guó)古代帝王就有春天祭日、秋天祭月的禮制，在民間，每逢八月中秋，也有拜月或祭月的風(fēng)俗。月餅最初是用來(lái)祭奉月祌的祭品，后來(lái)人們逐漸把中秋賞月與品嘗月餅，作為家人團(tuán)圓的象征。月餅的制作從唐代以后越來(lái)越考究，精美的餅面圖案不但烘托了中秋佳節(jié)的祥和氣氛，而且也增加了節(jié)日的詩(shī)情畫(huà)意。

【答案】Nanjing,withahistoryofmorethan2,400years,isoneofthefirstreleasedbatchofthehistoricalandculturalcitiesinChina.Thereare27state-levelculturalrelicsprotectionunits,amongwhich,MingTombhasbeenlistedasaworldculturalheritage.Builtmorethan600yearsago,thewalloftheMingTomb,withanexistinglengthof25.091kilometers,isthelongestpreservedancientwallintheworld.Nanjingcurrentlyhas12projectsenlistedinthenationalintangibleculturalheritageprotectionlist,amongofwhichbothNanjingBrocadeandJinlingCarvingareselectedintoworldintangibleculturalheritagelist.

TheLunarAugust15thisthetraditionalChineseMid-AutumnFestival.ItiscalledMid-autumnFestivalbecauselunarAugust15thisjustinthemiddleoftheautumn.OnthenightoftheMid-Autumnfestival,themoonisbright.Theancientpeopleregardedthefullmoonasasymbolofreunion.Accordingtothelegend,ancientChineseemperorshadtheriteofofferingsacrificestothesuninspringandtothemooninautumn.AndeventheordinarypeoplealsohadritualsofworshipingthesunormooneveryMid-Autumnday.Mooncakeswereoriginallyofferedassacrificestoworshipthemoon.Later,peoplemadeadmiringthemoonandtastingthemooncakesasasymboloffamilyreunion.SincetheTangDynasty,theproductionofmooncakeshasbecomemoreandmoreexquisite.ThebeautifulpicturesonitnotonlyfoilthepeacefulatmosphereofMid-Autumnfestival,butalsoaddthepoeticmeaningtothefestival.

11.單選題

Researchshowsthatthereisno（）relationshipbetweenhowmuchapersonearnsandwhetherhefeelsgoodaboutlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.successive

B.subsequent

C.significant

D.sincere

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)successive“連續(xù)的”；B選項(xiàng)subsequent“隨后的”；C選項(xiàng)significant“有意義的”；D選項(xiàng)sincere“真誠(chéng)的”。句意：研究表明，一個(gè)人賺多少錢(qián)和他是否對(duì)生活感覺(jué)良好之間沒(méi)有明顯的關(guān)系。本句表示有意義的關(guān)系，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

TheSpaceAge_____inOctober1957whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiated

B.originated

C.embarked

D.commenced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)initiate“開(kāi)始，發(fā)起”，一般指活動(dòng)，團(tuán)體的產(chǎn)生；B選項(xiàng)originate“起源于，來(lái)自，產(chǎn)生”；C選項(xiàng)embark“上船，裝船，從事”，后面常接介詞on/upon；D選項(xiàng)commence“開(kāi)始”，指重大事件及歷史時(shí)期的開(kāi)始。根據(jù)TheSpaceAge（太空時(shí)代）和thefirstartificialsatellite（第一顆人造衛(wèi)星）可知是一件重大事件，因此選D。句意：太空時(shí)代始于1957年10月，當(dāng)時(shí)蘇聯(lián)發(fā)射了第一顆人造衛(wèi)星。

13.單選題

Technologyisnecessarybecauseithelpsthemputabusinessstrategyinto（）butitisjustameanstoanend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.use

B.effect

C.consequence

D.employment

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.use使用；得到利用B.effect效應(yīng)；影響

C.consequence結(jié)果；后果D.employment就業(yè)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“技術(shù)是必要的，因?yàn)樗梢詭椭麄僟_____商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略，但它只是達(dá)到目的的一種手段”可知，空格處表示“實(shí)施”符合句意，且putintoeffect是固定搭配，表示“執(zhí)行，實(shí)施”，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)指使用某個(gè)工具、機(jī)器等；

C、D項(xiàng)沒(méi)有此搭配。

【句意】技術(shù)是必要的，因?yàn)樗梢詭椭麄儗?shí)施商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略，但它只是達(dá)到目的的一種手段。

14.單選題

Thisisan____apieceofworkofart,verifiedbyseveralprominentartconnoisseurs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.angular

B.ambitious

C.almighty

D.authentic

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.angular瘦骨嶙峋的B.ambitious有野心的；有雄心的

C.almighty全能的D.authentic真品的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填形容詞修飾的是“藝術(shù)作品”，根據(jù)后文“經(jīng)幾位著名的藝術(shù)鑒賞家證實(shí)”可知，該作品是真品，D選項(xiàng)authentic“真品的”符合原句前后語(yǔ)義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原句前后語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】這是一件經(jīng)過(guò)幾位著名藝術(shù)鑒賞家鑒定的藝術(shù)真品。

15.單選題

Freewillallowsustoindulgeour_______passions;freedomleadsusinthehigherpathtounlocklife'smysticsecrets.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discharging

B.fleeting

C.colluding

D.displacing

【答案】A

【解析】discharge卸下,放出;fleet消磨;collude串通,勾結(jié);displace轉(zhuǎn)移,取代。句意：自由意志使我們能盡情釋放自己的激情;自由引領(lǐng)我們走向更高的道路，去開(kāi)啟生命的奧秘。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

如同人員與貨物一樣,人的思想觀念也可以跨躍大西洋自由地交流,盡管有時(shí)會(huì)略顯遲緩。

你在一個(gè)新的環(huán)境呆上一段時(shí)間后就進(jìn)入了第二階段——危機(jī)階段,在這個(gè)階段,美好的印象漸漸消失,你會(huì)明白必須面對(duì)日常生活中的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。

在美國(guó)人經(jīng)常光顧的那些歐洲國(guó)家,友誼跟其他更隨意的人際關(guān)系有很大的區(qū)別,友誼與家庭生活的關(guān)聯(lián)方式也各不相同。

第一階段是蜜月階段,在這一階段中新的經(jīng)歷被視作是生動(dòng)有趣,令人愉快和富有魅力的。

愛(ài)中有這樣的矛盾：兩個(gè)人合二為一,卻又一分為二。

【答案】

IdeashavecrossedtheArcticoceanasfreelyasmenandmerchandise,thoughsometimesmoreslowly.

Afterstayinginanewenvironmentforaperiodoftime,youwillenterthesecondphase—phaseofcrisisduringwhichfavorableimpressionwillgraduallydieawayandyouwillrealizeitisnecessarytofacethepracticalproblemsinthedailylife.

InthoseEuropeancountrieswhichAmericansoftenvisit,friendshipdiffersgreatlyfrommorecasualinterpersonalrelationship,andtherelationshipsbetweenfriendshipandfamilylifevary,too.

Thefirstishoneymoonphaseduringwhichnewexperiencesareconsideredvivid,amusing,delightfulandcharming.

Thereexistssuchcontradictionsinlove:twopeoplebecomeonewhich,however,dividesintotwo.

17.單選題

Thecoalitionpartieshaveaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupporttheailingmarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidlyexpanding

B.steadilyimproving

C.makingchanges

D.havingdifficulties

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞ailing意為“生病的，身體不舒服的；病態(tài)的；處境困難的”；A選項(xiàng)“rapidlyexpanding”意為“迅速擴(kuò)大的”；B選項(xiàng)“steadilyimproving”意為“穩(wěn)定提高的”；C選項(xiàng)“makingchanges”意為“交換；更改”；D選項(xiàng)“havingdifficulties”意為“有困難的”。句意：聯(lián)合政黨已要求政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金，幫助支撐低迷的市場(chǎng)。由題干可知，thegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupportthemarket（政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金幫助支撐市場(chǎng)），可以推測(cè)出市場(chǎng)的情況不好，出現(xiàn)了困難。由此可知，ailing在此處最可能是“處境困難的”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Theyhopetobeabletomoveintothenewbuildingattheendofmonth,butthingsdidnot（）astheyhadexpected.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.workout

B.workat

C.workon

D.workoff

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)workout“解決；算出；實(shí)現(xiàn)；制定出；消耗完；弄懂；鍛煉”；B選項(xiàng)workat“從事于……；致力于……”；C選項(xiàng)workon“影響，對(duì)……起作用；繼續(xù)工作；從事于……”；D選項(xiàng)workoff“售出；清理，排除；漸漸地清除；冒充”。句意：他們希望能在月底搬進(jìn)新樓，但事情沒(méi)有如他們預(yù)料的那樣順利。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Shedidn’tdoverywellwhenshefirstwenttoschool,butshehas___inthelasttwoyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cutthrough

B.forgedahead

C.cutdownon

D.forgedabout

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.cutthrough刺穿；抄近路走過(guò)B.forgedahead繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；取得進(jìn)展

C.cutdownon削減；減少D.forgedabout建立關(guān)于

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】But前句意為她剛進(jìn)學(xué)校時(shí)表現(xiàn)得不好，由于but表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以空格處的句子應(yīng)為在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)得好或者取得進(jìn)步。B選項(xiàng)forgedahead“繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；取得進(jìn)展”，滿(mǎn)足句子所需邏輯“取得進(jìn)步”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】她剛上學(xué)時(shí)成績(jī)不太好，但在過(guò)去兩年里她取得了進(jìn)步。

20.單選題

（）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Wereitnot

C.Beitnot

D.Shoulditnotbe

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝。句意：要不是公眾及時(shí)投資，我們公司就不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣繁榮。由此可知，主句和從句發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，所以用would+動(dòng)詞原形；從句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，投資發(fā)生在公司繁榮之前，所以應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即had+過(guò)去分詞。虛擬條件句中如果含有助動(dòng)詞should、had和were，可以將if省略，將助動(dòng)詞提前。這里還原應(yīng)該是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic…”，將助動(dòng)詞提前之后就是Haditnotbeen，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

21.案例題

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

4.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

5.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，以前的NBA講堂是典型的男性，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和西方人為主，而現(xiàn)在也能看到很多女性，還有來(lái)自不同國(guó)家和不同種族的人。這說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在商學(xué)院學(xué)生人口的特點(diǎn)是多樣性，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.

根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.

根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoValerieGblemsolvingabilities.”目前，候選人的選拔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相當(dāng)狹窄，比如先前的學(xué)業(yè)和職業(yè)表現(xiàn)，以及分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力。說(shuō)明ValerieGauthier最看重的是社會(huì)經(jīng)歷和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

4.

根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，商學(xué)院不應(yīng)僅僅從銀行、咨詢(xún)和工業(yè)等傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)中挑選候選人。他們還應(yīng)該尋找具有政治科學(xué)、創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)、歷史或哲學(xué)等領(lǐng)域背景的個(gè)人，這些領(lǐng)域?qū)⑹顾麄兡軌驅(qū)⑸虡I(yè)決策置于更廣泛的背景中。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels...”大公司對(duì)更多的合作管理模式越來(lái)越感興趣，選項(xiàng)D正確。

22.單選題

Ittookalotofimaginationtocomeupwithsuchan（）plan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inherent

B.ingenious

C.infectious

D.indulgent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。inherent“內(nèi)在的,固有的,與生倶來(lái)的”;ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的,機(jī)靈的”;infectious“傳染的,傳染性的”;indulgent“放縱的,寬容的”。句意:想出這樣一個(gè)巧妙的計(jì)劃需要很大的想象力。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

23.單選題

Thehighcourtreversedthedecisionofthelowercourtbecausetheruling______thedefendanthisright.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refused

B.declined

C.denied

D.ignored

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)refuse“拒絕”，其后接名詞、代詞或不定式；B選項(xiàng)decline“下降，謝絕，婉言拒絕”；C選項(xiàng)deny“否認(rèn)，拒絕給予”，denysb.sth.表示“拒絕給予某人某物”；D選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視，不顧”。根據(jù)從句中的賓語(yǔ)thedefendanthisright可知選C。句意：高等法院推翻了下級(jí)法院的裁決，因?yàn)樵摬脹Q剝奪了被告的權(quán)利。

24.單選題

Withordersandcounter-orders,andwithpressuremountingonallsides,thequestionofwherehewastogoagain（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascometothefore

B.cametothefore

C.hadcometothefore

D.cametothespotlight

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。cometothefore“出現(xiàn)”。題中的句子只是一個(gè)普通的過(guò)去陳述句，所以選B。D選項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)在聚光燈下”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。句意：由于匯票、還盤(pán)以及各方面的壓力的攀升，他要去哪里的問(wèn)題又……出來(lái)了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

25.翻譯題

Informulatinghypotheses,acommonerroristheuncriticalacceptanceofapparentcommonsensebutuntestedassumptions.Thusinthefieldofpsychology,itwasformanyyearsautomaticallyassumedthatthemaincauseofforgetfulnessistheintervaloftimeelapsingbetweensuccessiveexposurestoalearningstimulus.Experimentation,however,wassubsequentlyundertaken,andseveralotherfactors,suchasmotivationandthestrengthoreffectivenessofthestimulus,turnedouttohaveanevermoreimportantbearingontheproblem.Asomewhatsimilarerrorarisesfromneglectofmultiplecauses.Thustwoeventsmaybefoundtobeassociated,e.g.whentheincidenceofadiseaseinasmokyindustrialsectorofacityissignificantlyhigherthanthatinthesmoke-freezones,aresearchworkermightinferthattheexistenceofthediseaseisduetothesmokinessoftheareawheninfactitmightequallywellbefoundinotherreasons,suchastheunder-nourishmentoftheinhabitantsorover-crowding.

【答案】【參考譯文】在提出假設(shè)的過(guò)程中，一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤是不加批判地接受表面上是常識(shí)但未經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)的假設(shè)。因此，在心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域，多年來(lái)不經(jīng)思索地認(rèn)為健忘的主要原因是消逝在連續(xù)受到學(xué)習(xí)刺激之間的時(shí)間間隔。但是后來(lái)的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明了還有其他幾個(gè)因素在這個(gè)問(wèn)題中起重要的作用，比如動(dòng)機(jī)和刺激的強(qiáng)度和效力。一個(gè)有些類(lèi)似的錯(cuò)誤源自忽視原因的多樣性。因此，兩個(gè)事件可能會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)聯(lián)，例如，當(dāng)一種疾病的發(fā)病率在煙霧彌漫的城市工業(yè)區(qū)明顯高于無(wú)煙區(qū)域時(shí)，研究人員可能會(huì)推論疾病的存在是由于該地區(qū)的煙霧的關(guān)系，而事實(shí)上可能是由于其他的同樣可以造成這種疾病的原因，比如居民的營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良或過(guò)分擁擠。

26.單選題

Hedrovetothenearestdrugstoretohavethe（

）filled.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.descriptions

B.prescriptions

C.transcription

D.subscriptions

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)description“描述”；B選項(xiàng)prescriptions“處方”；C選項(xiàng)transcription“抄寫(xiě)，抄本”；D選項(xiàng)subscription“訂閱，捐獻(xiàn)”。句意為：他開(kāi)車(chē)到最近的藥店給病人抓藥。故正確答案選B。

27.單選題

Shehadspentseveraldays（）herlecture,soitwasquitesuccessful.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shining

B.pleading

C.paving

D.polishing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)shining“閃爍，發(fā)亮，發(fā)光，擦亮，擦光”；B選項(xiàng)pleading“懇求，辯護(hù)，引證，承認(rèn)”；C選項(xiàng)paving“鋪設(shè)，鋪（路）”；D選項(xiàng)polishing“打磨，擦亮，磨光”。句意：她花了幾天時(shí)間潤(rùn)色自己的演講稿，因此演講相當(dāng)成功。D選項(xiàng)polish還有“（使）優(yōu)美；潤(rùn)飾（通過(guò)修改，作小的變動(dòng)或增加新的內(nèi)容）”的意思，如：polishanarticle/aspeech潤(rùn)飾一篇文章/一篇演講稿。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

28.單選題

Itisapityfor______anydisagreementinthefamily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theretobe

B.therebeing

C.therebe

D.being

【答案】A

【解析】考查不定式用法。不定式結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)通常表示具體動(dòng)作，間或也可表示抽象動(dòng)作，這一點(diǎn)與-ing分詞結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)恰恰相反。用作主語(yǔ)的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常可以在特定上下文或情景中看出，也可以由“for+名詞詞組”或“for+theretobe”表示。如：

ItisimportantforustohaveagoodgraspofEnglish.

It’sapityfortheretobeanydisagreementinthefamily.（在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，there后面的不定式只能是tobe）

本題句意：家庭不和實(shí)在是很遺憾。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

29.單選題

SincetheGreatDepressionof1929mostcountries（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasmakingasuccessfulrecovery

B.hadmadeasuccessfulrecovery

C.hasmadeasuccessfulrecovery

D.havemadeasuccessfulrecovery

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。since表示“自從”時(shí)，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。句意：自1929年的大蕭條以來(lái)，大多數(shù)國(guó)家都成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了復(fù)蘇。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

30.單選題

ThedecisionoftheSupremeCourt,wasthatthegovernmenthaduseditspowertooliberallyundertheSmithAct.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.broadly

B.expensively

C.deceptively

D.freely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。liberally表示“自由地”；A項(xiàng)broadly“明顯地，寬廣地”，B項(xiàng)expensively“昂貴的”，C項(xiàng)deceptively“看似，不像看上去那么”，D項(xiàng)freely“自由地”。句意：最高法院的裁決是，政府在《史密斯法案》下濫用了自己的權(quán)力。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

31.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe______ofman’ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.validity（法律上的）有效；合法性

B.liability（法律上對(duì)某事物的）責(zé)任，義務(wù)

C.capability能力；才能D.intensity強(qiáng)烈；緊張

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息man’ssensesforobservinghisenvironment（一個(gè)人觀察環(huán)境的感官）可知，空格處指的是“感官能力”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】雷達(dá)被用來(lái)擴(kuò)展人觀察環(huán)境的感官能力，特別是視覺(jué)。

32.單選題

Every（）ofamotionpictureistheresponsibilityofthedirector.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.section

B.facet

C.character

D.footage

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)section“截面；部分；部門(mén)；地區(qū)；章節(jié)”；B選項(xiàng)facet“面；方面；小平面用”；C選項(xiàng)character“性格，品質(zhì)；特性；角色；[計(jì)]字符”；D選項(xiàng)footage“英尺長(zhǎng)度；連續(xù)鏡頭；以尺計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度”。句意：電影的每一段鏡頭都是導(dǎo)演的責(zé)任。由電影導(dǎo)演的責(zé)任可知此處鏡頭的含義最合適，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

33.翻譯題

Throughouthistorynewtechnologieshaverevolutionizedwarfare,sometimesabruptly,sometimesonlygradually:thinkofgunpowder,aircraft,radarandnuclearfission.Soithasbeenwithinforma-tiontechnology.ComputersandtheinternethavetransformedeconomiesandgivenWesternarmiesgreatadvantages,suchastheabilitytosendremotelypilotedaircraftacrosstheworldtogatherintelli-genceandattacktargets.(1).Butthespreadofdigitaltechnologycomesatacost:itexposesarmiesandsocietiestodigitalattack.Somescenarios(電影)imaginethealmostinstantaneousfailureofthesystemsthatkeepthe

modern

worldturning.Ascomputernetworkscollapse,factoriesandchemicalplantsexplode,satellitesspinoutofcontrolandthefinancialandpowergridsfail.Cyberspacehasbecomethefifthdomainofwarfare,afterland,sea,airandspace.

ThecyberattacksonEstoniain2007andonGeorgiain2008(thelatterstrangelyhappenedtocoincidewiththeadvanceofRussiantroopsacrosstheCaucasus)arewidelyassumedtohavebeendi-rectedbytheKremlin(克里姆林宮),buttheycouldbetracedonlytoRussiancyber-criminals.ManyofthecomputersusedintheattackbelongedtoinnocentAmericanswhosePCshadbeenhi-jacked.CompaniessuspectChinaoforganizingmini-raidstoransackWesternknow-how:butitcouldjusthaveeasilybeenWesterncriminals,computer-hackersshowingoffordisillusionedformeremploy-ees.(2).OnereasonwhyWesterngovernmentshaveuntilrecentlybeenreticentaboutcyber-espio-nage（間諜）issurelybecausetheyaredabhandsatit,too.

Cyber-weaponsarebeingdevelopedsecretly,withoutdiscussionofhowandwhentheymightbeused.（3）.Ifcyberarms-controlistoAmerica’sadvantage，itwouldbewisetoshadesuchaccords（協(xié)議）whileitstillhastheupperhandincyberspace.Inthemeantime，however,countriesshouldagreeonmodestaccords,orevenjustinformal“rulesoftheroad”thatwouldraisethepoliticalcostofcy-ber-attacks.Perhapstherecouldbeadealtoprevent