考研考博-英語-寧波衛(wèi)生職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧波衛(wèi)生職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

ThecareerIhavechosen（）opportunitiesyetitisfraughtwithheartbreak,despairandhardship.

問題1選項

A.isladenwith

B.islackof

C.isburdenedwith

D.isinwantof

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。beladenwith“滿載，充滿”；belackof“缺乏”；beburdenedwith“使重負(fù)”；beinwantof“需要”。句意：我選擇的職業(yè)充滿機(jī)會，然而也充滿的心碎、絕望和艱辛。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

PresidentBarackObamahasbeenexcoriatedfordeclaringthat“wedon'thaveastrategyyet”foreffectivelyconfrontingtheIslamicStategroup.IncriticizingObamafortakingtoomuchtime,MikeRogers,theRepublicanchairmanoftheHouseIntelligenceCommittee,told“FoxNewsSunday”that“this‘don’t-do-stupid-stuff”policyisn’tworking.”Thatsoundedoddtomyear—likeweshouldjustbombsomebody,evenifitisstupid.IfObamadidthat,whatwouldhebeignoring?

First,experience.After9/11thatsortof“fire,ready,aim”approachledGeorgeW.BushtoorderagroundwarinIraqwithoutsufficienttroopstocontrolthecountry,withoutatruegraspofIraq’sShiite-Sunnisectariandynamicsandwithoutanyrealizationthat,indestroyingtheSunniTalibanregimeinAfghanistanandtheSunniBaathistregimeinIraq,weweredestroyingbothofIran’smortalenemiesandtherebyopeningthewayforavastexpansionofIran’sregionalinfluence.Wewereinahurry,myselfincluded,tochangethingsafter9/11,andwhenyou’reinahurryyouignorecomplexitiesthatcomebacktohauntyoulater.

TherearenowordstodescribethevilenessofthevideobeheadingsoftwoU.S.journalistsbytheIslamicState,butIhavenodoubtthatthey'remeanttogetustooverreact,ala9/11,andrushoffagainwithoutastrategy.TheIslamicStateisawful,butitisnotathreattoAmerica’shomeland.

Second,thecontext.TodefeattheIslamicState,youhavetoaddressthecontextoutofwhichitemerged.AndthatisthethreecivilwarsragingintheArabworldtoday:thecivilwarwithinSunniIslambetweenradicaljihadistsandmoderatemainstreamSunniMuslimsandregimes;thecivilwaracrosstheregionbetweenSunnisfundedbySaudiArabiaandShiitesfundedbyIran;andthecivilwarbetweenSunnijihadistsandallotherminoritiesintheregion:Yazidis,Turkmen,Kurds,Christians,JewsandAlawites.

Whenyouhavearegionbesetbythatmanycivilwarsatonce,itmeansthereisnocenter,onlysides.Andwhenyouinterveneinthemiddleofaregionwithnocenter,youveryquicklybecomeaside.

TheIslamicStateemergedasanextremeexpressionofresentmentbyoneside:IraqiandSyrianSunniswhofeltcutoutofpowerandresourcesbythepro-IranianShiiteregimeinBaghdadandthepro-IranianAlawite/ShiiteregimeinDamascus.ThatiswhyObamakeepsinsistingthattheUnitedStates’militaryinterventionmustbeaccompanied,forstarters,byIraqisproducinganationalunitygovernment―ofmainstreamShiites,SunnisandKurds--soouruseofforcesupportspluralismandpower-sharing,notjustShiitepower.

Butpower-sharingdoesn’tcomeeasyinaregionwherekinshipandsectarianloyaltiesoverwhelmanysenseofsharedcitizenship.Withoutit,though,thedominantphilosophyiseither:“Iamstrong,whyshouldIcompromise?”or“Iamweak,howcanIcompromise?”SoanyonslaughtwemakeontheIslamicState,absentnationalunitygovernments,willhaveShiitessayingtheformerandSunnissayingthelatter.That’swhythisiscomplicated.

1.Whichofthefollowingwordsissynonymoustothehighlightedword“excoriated”inthefirstlineofthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingstatementsareFALSEEXCEPT（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthewholepassage?

5.Whatdoyouthinkoftheauthor’sattitudetowardsObama’spolicyontheIslamicStateaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.excruciated

B.approbated

C.exfoliated

D.reprobated

問題2選項

A.MikeRogersdoesn’tthinkthatitisstupidthatObamadidn’ttakeactionstobombtheIslamicState.

B.GeorgeW.Bush’sapproachtodestroytheSunniTalibanregimeinAfghanistanandtheSunniBaathistregimeinIraqhasactuallyhelpedIran.

C.TheIslamicStatebeheadedtwoAmericanJournalistshadthreatenedthesafetyofAmericanhomeland.

D.Whenaregionisbesetbymanycivilwarsatonce,thereiscenter,nosides.

問題3選項

A.IfObamadiddestroytheIslamicState,hewouldignoreseveralissues.

B.ThevideobeheadingsoftwoU.S.journalistsbytheIslamicStatearejustmeanttothreatentheUnitedStates.

C.ObamainsiststhattheUnitedStates，militaryinterventioninIraqmustbeaccompaniedbyIraqisproducinganationalunitygovernment.

D.TheU.S.governmentneedstothinkoverbeforetakingactionsagainsttheIslamicState.

問題4選項

A.Obama’sPolicyontheIslamicState

B.ConflictsintheArabWorld

C.Fire,Ready,Aim.NotReady,Aim,Fire

D.Ready,Aim,Fire.NotFire,Ready,Aim

問題5選項

A.opposing

B.approving

C.neutral

D.indifferent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“PresidentBarackObamahasbeenexcoriatedfordeclaringthat“wedon'thaveastrategyyet”foreffectivelyconfrontingtheIslamicStategroup.”，可知美國總統(tǒng)巴拉克?奧巴馬因宣稱尚未制定有效對抗伊斯蘭國組織的戰(zhàn)略而受到嚴(yán)厲批評。所以找出excoriate“批評，斥責(zé)”的同義詞，選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句，“After9/11thatsortof“fire,ready,aim”approachledGeorgeW.BushtoorderagroundwarinIraqwithoutsufficienttroopstocontrolthecountry,withoutatruegraspofIraq’sShiite-Sunnisectariandynamicsandwithoutanyrealizationthat,indestroyingtheSunniTalibanregimeinAfghanistanandtheSunniBaathistregimeinIraq,weweredestroyingbothofIran’smortalenemiesandtherebyopeningthewayforavastexpansionofIran’sregionalinfluence.”可知9.11后那種“開炮、準(zhǔn)備、作戰(zhàn)”的方法使布什在伊拉克發(fā)動地面戰(zhàn)爭的時候沒有足夠的軍事力量在控制這個國家，沒有真正了解伊拉克什葉派和遜尼派的宗派動態(tài)，也沒有意識到摧毀了阿富汗的遜尼派塔利班政權(quán)和伊拉克的遜尼派復(fù)興黨政權(quán)，我們就可以摧毀伊朗的死敵，從而為伊朗地區(qū)影響力的大規(guī)模擴(kuò)張開辟道路?？赏茢喑霾际泊輾О⒏缓惯d尼派塔利班政權(quán)和伊拉克遜尼派復(fù)興黨政權(quán)的做法，實際上幫助了伊朗。選項B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句，“TherearenowordstodescribethevilenessofthevideobeheadingsoftwoU.S.journalistsbytheIslamicState,butIhavenodoubtthatthey'remeanttogetustooverreact”，可知伊斯蘭國斬首兩名美國記者的視頻的惡劣程度無法用言語來形容，但我毫不懷疑，他們的目的只是讓我們反應(yīng)過度。所以目的不是為了威脅美國。選項B符合題意。

4.主旨題。文章主要關(guān)于有效抗擊伊斯蘭國組織的策略問題，主要講述了打擊伊斯蘭國的策略。9.11事件后策略上的不成熟導(dǎo)致美國陷入不利的處境，所以D選項的標(biāo)題是對策略的一個完整概括和總結(jié)，即準(zhǔn)備-定目標(biāo)-開戰(zhàn)，而不是開戰(zhàn)-準(zhǔn)備-定目標(biāo)。選項D符合題意。

5.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Thatsoundedoddtomyear—likeweshouldjustbombsomebody,evenifitisstupid.IfObamadidthat,whatwouldhebeignoring?”，可知在我聽來這很奇怪，就好像我們應(yīng)該直接轟炸某人，即使這很愚蠢。如果奧巴馬要摧毀伊斯蘭國，他會忽略哪些問題呢?，可推斷出作者對于奧巴馬摧毀伊斯蘭國的政策持贊同態(tài)度。選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

Allspecialistsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully（

）therisksandbenefits.

問題1選項

A.valuing

B.evaluating

C.estimating

D.weighing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。value“評價；重視；估價”；evaluate“評估；估價”；estimate“估計：判斷”；weigh“權(quán)衡；考慮”。句意：所有專家一致認(rèn)為最重要的事是權(quán)衡減肥藥的風(fēng)險和好處。選項D符合題意。

4.翻譯題

WhenConAgraFoodscametoChinafiveyearsago,thecompanyhadhighhopesandbigworries.Previously,thecompanyenteredtheJapanesemarketandrepeatedlyranintoobstacleslikecommunicationbreakdowns,culturalmisstepsandmisseddeadlines.

Whilethosewrinkleswereeventuallystraightenedout，ConAgraknewitcouldnotaffordtomakethesamemistakeinChina.Intentonfindingaguidewhocouldshortentheculturaldistance,JulieWilliams,whowasthenthecompany’shumanresourcesmanagerresponsibleforinternationalorganization,hiredCarlaKearns,founderofTLI-TheMandarinSchool,basedinToronto,toprovideitsexecutiveswithinterculturalbusinesstraining.Ms.KearnsteachescompaniestounderstandthefundamentalvaluesthatWesternandChineseculturesseedifferentlyandthatifignoredcanwreakhavocontheirbottomline.Theyincludeconceptsoftime,hierarchy,individualism,personalrelationshipsandsavingface.WesternexecutivesflyingintoChinaforaweekofback-to-backmeetingsbutgettingnowherewiththeirChinesebusinesspartners?Theymaybeinvestingmoneyinthetrip,butnotsomethingjustasvital:time.RushedschedulesleavenotimeforskillfulnegotiationandcanoffendChinese,whowanttobuildtrustanddeveloprelationships,orguanxi,oftenbysocializingoverdinnersanddrinks.AnotherpitfalliswhenWesternerslayalltheproblemsonthetable,whileChinesewillonlyaddresstwoatanygivenmeetingbecausecriticismorblamewillmakethemlookbadinfrontoftheirpeers.WesternexecutivesassumingtheirbusinesspracticesaresuccessfuliftheirChineseemployeesdon’tobject?Thinkagain.Chinesearetaughttoobeyauthorityandareoftenloathtodisagreewiththeirbosses.

Ms.Kearnschargescorporationsabout$5,000foradayoftrainingfor5to100peopleandspeakstobothWesternersandChinese,focusingonthe“coregutreactions”eachaudiencehaswhenfacingculturalobstaclesattheoffice.

Parttherapist,motivationalspeakerandmanagementconsultant,Ms.Kearns,whohasworkedacrossEastAsia,beginsbytellingclientslikeConAgratoleavetheirWesternassumptionsathome.

“I’mabletoexplaintheseculturalissuestoWesternersbecauseI’vebeenthroughthatfrustration,too,”shesaid.“SomanytimesIseeWesternersgotoChinaandseesomethingdifferentthanwhathappensinNorthAmerica,anditbecomesthisjudgmentandcondemnation.”

【答案】當(dāng)最終克服這些困難后，康尼格拉公司深知決不能在中國重蹈覆轍?？ǘ魉菇虒?dǎo)企業(yè)要理解中西文化對基本價值的不同看法，忽視這些會帶來不良后果。

西方的管理人員飛到中國，一周內(nèi)開會不斷，但和中國商業(yè)伙伴卻無任何進(jìn)展？他們可以為旅行投資，而沒有為同樣重要的東西——時間投資。

另一個易犯錯誤是西方人把全部問題擺到桌面上，而中國人在特定會議上只愿意討論少數(shù)幾個問題，因為批評和責(zé)備會使他們在同行面前尷尬。

近年來外國公司大量涌入中國，催生了不少新興的文化交流和創(chuàng)新咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)，它們受雇對西方人和中國人就外語、管理風(fēng)格和企業(yè)文化進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)。稱職的文化培訓(xùn)者首先會談到中國多數(shù)職場新手了解的禮儀，如交換名片要用雙手，宴請時座次恰當(dāng)，這些可能有助于進(jìn)入會議室，但要成交且看到利潤顯然還需要細(xì)膩的方法。

她說：“因為我曾經(jīng)也經(jīng)歷過這種挫敗，所以我能向西方人解釋這些文化差距導(dǎo)致的問題。”

5.單選題

Scientistshopethecollisionwillproducealargecraterinthecomet’ssurfaceinordertorevealthecoreandgivesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem.

問題1選項

A.sources

B.interpretations

C.clues

D.observations

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項source“來源，水源，原始資料”，B項interpretation“解釋，翻譯，演出”，C項clue“線索，（故事等的）情節(jié)”，D項observation“觀察，監(jiān)視，觀察報告”。根據(jù)givesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem“為太陽系的起源提供一些……”可知，“線索”符合語境。句意：科學(xué)家們希望這次碰撞將在彗星表面產(chǎn)生一個巨大的隕石坑，以便揭示其核心，并為太陽系的起源提供一些線索。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

6.單選題

Thephrase“progressiveeducation”isone,ifnotprotest,atleastofcontrast,ofcontrastwithaneducationwhichwaspredominantlystaticinsubject-matter,authoritarianinmethods,andmainlypassiveandreceptivefromthesideoftheyoung.Butthephilosophyofeducationmustgobeyondanyideaofeducationthatisformedbywayofcontrast,reactionandprotest,foritisanattempttodiscoverwhateducationisandhowittakesplace.Onlywhenweidentifyeducationwithschoolingdoesitseemtobeasimplethingtotellwhateducationactuallyis,andyetaclearideaofwhatitisgivesusouronlycriterionforjudginganddirectingwhatgoesoninschools.

Itissometimessupposedthatitisthebusinessofthephilosophyofeducationtotellwhateducationshouldbe.Buttheonlywayofdecidingwhateducationshouldbe,atleast,theonlywaywhichdoesnotleadusintotheclouds,isdiscoveryofwhateducationtakesplacewheneducationreallyoccurs.Andbeforewecanformulateaphilosophyofeducationwemustknowhumannatureisconstitutedintheconcrete;wemustknowabouttheworkingofactualsocialforces;wemustknowabouttheoperationsthroughwhichbasicrawmaterialsaremodifiedintosomethingofgreatervalue.Theneedforaphilosophyofeducationisthusfundamentallytheneedforfindingoutwhateducationreallyis.Wehavetotakethosecasesinwhichwefindthereisarealdevelopmentofdesirablepowers,andthenfindouthowthisdevelopmenttookplace.Thenwecanprojectwhathastakenplaceintheseinstancesasaguidefordirectingourotherefforts.Theneedforthisdiscoveryandthisprojectionistheneedforaphilosophyofeducation.

Whattheniseducationwhenwefindactualsatisfactoryspecimensofitinexistence?Inthefirstplace,itisaprocessofdevelopment,ofgrowth.Anditistheprocessandnotmerelytheresultthatisimportant.Atrulyhealthypersonisnotsomethingfixedandcompleted.Heisapersonwhoseprocessesandactivitiesgooninsuchawaythathewillcontinuetobehealthy.Similarly,aneducatedpersonisthepersonwhohasthepowertogoonandgetmoreeducation.

Inanycase,developmentandgrowthinvolvechange,modification,andmodificationindefinitedirections.Itisquitepossibleforateacher,underthesupposedsanctionoftheideaofcultivatingindividuality,tofixateapupilmoreorlessathisexistinglevel.Respectforindividualityisprimarilyintellectual.Itsignifiesstudyingtheindividualtoseewhatistheretoworkwith.Havingthissympatheticunderstanding,thepracticalworkthenbegins,forthepracticalworkisoneofmodification,ofchanging,ofreconstructioncontinuedwithoutend.Thechangemustatleastbetowardsmoreeffectivetechniques,towardsgreaterself-reliance,towardsamorethoughtfulandinquiringdisposition,onemorecapableofpersistenteffortinmeetingobstacles.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thephilosophyofeducation（

）.

2.Thephilosophyofeducationissupposedto（

）.

3.Thechieftaskofthephilosophyofeducationisto（

）.

4.Thesignificanceofdesirableeducationlies（

）.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?（

），

問題1選項

A.isthesameastheconceptionofprogressiveeducation

B.studiestheessenceofeducationandthewayitoccurs

C.conformstoanyideaofeducationthatisconservativeandauthoritarian

D.dealswiththejudgmentanddirectionofschoolmanagement

問題2選項

A.resultfromrealunderstandingofoccurrencesinactualschooling

B.betheonlywayleadingtoobscureunderstandingofeducation

C.havetakenplacewheneducationfirstcameintoexistence

D.bethebasisonwhichdecisionsonpracticaleducationareformulated

問題3選項

A.analyzetheconstitutionofhumannatureingreatdetail

B.clarifythepracticaleffectsofsocialforcesoneducation

C.presenthowrawmaterialsaremadeintovaluablegoods

D.findoutthewaysofhowtobringoutthebesthumanfaculties

問題4選項

A.moreinitsoperationthaninitsmodification

B.lessinitsmodificationthaninitsoperation

C.notonlyinitsresultbutalsoinitsprocess

D.ratherinitsprocessthaninitsresult

問題5選項

A.Thesupposedapprovaloftheideaofcultivatingindividualityisreasonable.

B.Modificationreferstomakingapupildevelopinafixeddirection.

C.Torespectindividualitymeanstodiscoverwhetheranindividualisworthmodifying.

D.Trueeducationshouldbebasedoncultivatingastudentaccordingtohis/hernaturaltalent.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段第二句在解釋什么是“教育原理”時提到“itisanattempttodiscoverwhateducationisandhowittakesplace”，選項B符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句后半句“isdiscoveryofwhateducationtakesplacewheneducationreallyoccurs”，提到了如何定義教育。將四個選項與之匹配，可知選項A符合題意。

3.文章第二段提到Andbeforewecanformulateaphilosophyofeducationwemustknowhumannatureisconstitutedintheconcrete;wemustknowabouttheworkingofactualsocialforces;wemustknowabouttheoperationsthroughwhichbasicrawmaterialsaremodifiedintosomethingofgreatervalue.（在制定一個教育原理之前，我們需要知道人的本質(zhì)是如何構(gòu)成的，我們必須知道實際的社會力量的作用，我們必須知道如何將基礎(chǔ)原材料通過加工改造成更有價值的東西。）第三段最后一句話Similarly,andeducatedpersonisthepersonwhohasthepowertogoonandgetmoreeducation(一個受教育的人要有能力讓更多人受教育)。從這里可知，教育的主要目的是培養(yǎng)人的能力。選項D符合題意。

4.文章第三段第二句和第三句原文“Inthefirstplace,itisaprocessofdevelopment,ofgrowth.Anditistheprocessandnotmerelytheresultthatisimportant”，選項C與之相符，符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提及到要“respectforindividualityisprimarilyintellectual”(尊重個性是最基本的、明智的)。所以可以推論出作者在強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，強(qiáng)調(diào)因材施教。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

InpartsoftheArctic,thelandgradesintothelandfasticeso（

）thatyoucanwalkoffthecoastandnotknowyouareoverthehiddensea.

問題1選項

A.permanently

B.imperceptibly

C.irregular

D.precariously

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項permanently“永久地，長期不變地”；B選項imperceptibly“極細(xì)微地，察覺不到地”；C選項irregularly“不規(guī)則地，不整齊地”；D選項precariously“不安全地，不牢靠地”。根據(jù)句意‘在北極的部分地區(qū)，陸地逐漸變成固定冰，這一點難以覺察。你可以遠(yuǎn)離海岸，卻不知道自己在隱秘的海洋之上?！疊選項正確。

8.單選題

Toparaphrase18lh-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,“allthatisneededforthetriumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing.”O(jiān)nesuchcausenowseekstoendbiomedicalresearchbecauseofthetheorythatanimalshaverightsrulingouttheiruseinresearch.Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates,whoseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreateningadvancesinhealthknowledgeandcare.Leadersoftheanimalrightsmovementlargerbiomedicalresearchbecauseifdependsonpublicfunding,andfewpeopleunderstandtheprocessofhealthcareresearch.Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsinresearchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatelyharmananimal.

Forexample,agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecentstreetfairwasdistributingabrochurethatencouragedreadersnottouseanythingthatconiesfromoristestedinanimals-nomeat,nofur,nomedicines.Askedifsheopposedimmunizations,shewantedtoknowifvaccinescomefromanimalresearch.Whenassuredthattheydo,shereplied,"ThenIwouldhavetosayyes.”Askedwhatwillhappenwhenepidemicsreturn,shesaid,“Don’tworry,scientistswillfindsomewayofusingcomputers.”Suchwell-meaningpeoplejustdon'tunderstand.

Scientistsmustcommunicatetheirmessagetothepublicinacompassionate,understandableway—inhumanterms，notinthelanguagesofmolecularbiology.Weneedtomakecleartheconnectionbetweenanimalresearchandagrandmother'shipreplacement,afather’sbypassoperation,ababy’svaccinations,andevenapet’sshots.Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst.

Muchcanbedone.Scientistscould“adopt”middleschoolclassesandpresenttheirownresearch.Theyshouldbequicktorespondtoletterstotheeditor,lestanimalrightsmisinformationgounchallengedandacquireadeceptiveappearanceoftruth.Researchinstitutionscouldbeopenedtotours,toshowthatlaboratoryanimalsreceivehumanecare.Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,thehealthresearchcommunityshouldactivelyrecruittoitscausenotonlywell-knownpersonalitiessuchasStephenCooper,whohasmadecourageousstatementsaboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.Ifgoodpeopledonothingthereisarealpossibilitythatanuninformedcitizenrywillextinguishthepreciousembersofmedicalprogress.

1.TheauthorbeginshisarticlewithEdmundBurke’swordsto（）.

2.Misledpeopletendtothinkthatusingananimalinresearchis（）.

3.Theexampleofthegrandmotherlywomanisusedtoshowthepublic’s（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthat,infaceofthechallengefromanimalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould（）.

5.FromthetextwelearnthatStephenCooperis（）.

問題1選項

A.callonscientiststotakesomeactions.

B.criticizethemisguidedcauseofanimalrights

C.warnofthedoomofbiomedicalresearch.

D.showthetriumphoftheanimalrightsmovement.

問題2選項

A.cruelbutnatural.

B.inhumanandunacceptable

C.inevitablebutvicious

D.pointlessandwasteful.

問題3選項

A.discontentwithanimalresearch.

B.ignoranceaboutmedicalscience.

C.indifferencetoepidemics.

D.anxietyaboutanimalrights.

問題4選項

A.communicatemorewiththepublic.

B.employhi-techmeansinresearch.

C.feelnoshamefortheircause.

D.strivetodevelopnewcures.

問題5選項

A.awell-knownhumanist.

B.amedicalpractitioner.

C.anenthusiastinanimalrights.

D.asupporterofanimalresearch.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.意圖題。由第一段的allthatisneededforthetriumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing.Onesuchcausenowseekstoendbiomedicalresearchbecauseofthetheorythatanimalshaverightsrulingouttheiruseinresearch.Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates一個被誤導(dǎo)的事業(yè)要想取得勝利，唯一需要做的就是好人什么也不做。一個這樣的事業(yè)現(xiàn)在正尋求結(jié)束生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究，因為動物有權(quán)利排除在研究中使用它們的理論。科學(xué)家需要對動物權(quán)利倡導(dǎo)者做出強(qiáng)有力的回應(yīng)。可知這段話是實際上表達(dá)的是一種呼吁，故A項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第一段末句“Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsinresearchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatelyharmananimal.聽到在研究環(huán)境中虐待動物的指控，許多人感到困惑，為什么有人會故意傷害動物?！焙偷谌巍癟othosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst.對那些不知道需要動物研究來生產(chǎn)這些療法以及新療法和疫苗的人來說，動物研究往好了說是浪費，往壞了說是殘忍。可知人們認(rèn)為用動物做研究是殘忍的，是無法接受的。故B項正確。

3.判斷推理題。agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecentstreetfairwasdistributingabrochurethatencouragedreadersnottouseanythingthatconiesfromoristestedinanimals-nomeat,nofur,nomedicines...shesaid,“Don’tworry,scientistswillfindsomewayofusingcomputers.”在最近的一次集市上，一位站在動物權(quán)利攤位上的老奶奶正在散發(fā)小冊子，鼓勵讀者不要使用任何動物制品或動物試驗制品——肉類、毛皮、藥物。當(dāng)被問及是否反對免疫接種時，她想知道疫苗是否來自動物研究。她回答說:“當(dāng)我確定他們會的時候，我就不得不說是?！碑?dāng)被問及流行病卷土重來時會發(fā)生什么時，她說:“不用擔(dān)心，科學(xué)家們會找到使用電腦的方法?！币约白詈笠痪鋝uchwell-meaningpeoplejustdon’tunderstand.這樣好心的人就是不明白。據(jù)此可知作者用老奶奶的例子來表明公眾對醫(yī)學(xué)研究的無知。故B項正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第三段Scientistsmustcommunicatetheirmessagetothepublicinacompassionate，understandableway—inhumanterms，notinthelanguagesofmolecularbiology.科學(xué)家必須以一種富有同情心的、可理解的方式向公眾傳達(dá)他們的信息——以人類的方式，而不是用分子生物學(xué)的語言?？芍茖W(xué)家應(yīng)該更好地以一種公眾能理解的方式與其溝通。故A項正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。Finally,becausetheultimatestakeholdersarepatients,thehealthresearchcommunityshouldactivelyrecruittoitscausenotonlywell-knownpersonalitiessuchasStephenCooper,whohasmadecourageousstatementsaboutthevalueofanimalresearch,butallwhoreceivemedicaltreatment.最后，由于最終的利益相關(guān)者是患者，衛(wèi)生研究界不僅應(yīng)該積極爭取斯蒂芬?庫珀(StephenCooper)等知名人士的支持，而且應(yīng)該爭取所有接受治療的人的支持。庫珀曾就動物研究的價值發(fā)表過勇敢的言論。據(jù)此可知庫珀是個名人，也是動物研究的支持者。故D項正確。

9.單選題

ToreturnGermanpropertytoGermanyiscertainlyjustand____.However,toclaimthatthepaintingsofRembrandandVermeerarepartofGermany’sculturalheritageoverstatesthematter.

問題1選項

A.decent

B.exhilarating

C.eruptive

D.combative

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.decent體面的；正派的B.exhilarating令人高興或興奮的

C.eruptive爆發(fā)的D.combative好戰(zhàn)的

【答案】B

【考查點】修飾語與被修飾語的搭配

【解題思路】空格處所填的形容詞修飾的是“把德國的財產(chǎn)還給德國”這件事，能修飾這件事的是B選項exhilarating“令人高興或興奮的”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項decent指人正直的、正派的，或人的行為舉止得體的、體面的，或某物像樣的、體面的，與被修飾語搭配不當(dāng)；

C選項eruptive“爆發(fā)的”，與被修飾語搭配不當(dāng)；

D選項combative“好戰(zhàn)的”，與被修飾語搭配不當(dāng)。

【句意】把德國的財產(chǎn)歸還德國當(dāng)然是公正的、令人高興的。然而，聲稱倫勃朗（Rembrand）和維米爾（Vermeer）的畫作是德國文化遺產(chǎn)的一部分，就言過其實了。

10.單選題

Willyouplease（）everythingisreadyforthepartytobeheldnextSunday?

問題1選項

A.seeitthat

B.seetoit

C.seeingthat

D.seetoitthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項seeitthat沒有這種搭配；B選項seetoit“留意必定做”；C選項seeingthat“由于，因為”；D選項seetoitthat“務(wù)必，保證”。根據(jù)句意“請你務(wù)必為下星期天舉行的晚會做好一切準(zhǔn)備，好嗎?”選項D符合句意。

11.單選題

AtBuffaloCreek,WestVirginia,amakeshiftdamatacoalminesitecollapsedwithalossofmorethan100lives.

問題1選項

A.fragile

B.massive

C.crude

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.fragile易碎的，易損的B.massive巨大的，大而重的

C.crude粗略的，簡略的D.temporary暫時的，臨時的

【答案】D

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】makeshift的意思為“臨時替代的，權(quán)宜的”，用來形容dam，指的是煤礦工地的臨時大壩，temporary與之詞義相近，因此D選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】在西弗吉尼亞州的布法羅溪，某個煤礦工地的臨時大壩倒塌，造成100多人死亡。

12.單選題

Withitscommoninterestinlaw-breakingbutitsimmenserangeofsubject-matterandwidely-varyingmethodsoftreatment,thecrimenovelcouldmakealegitimateclaimtoberegardedasaseparatebranchofliterature,or,atleast,asadistinct,eventhoughaslightlydisreputable,offshootofthetraditionalnovel.

Thedetectivestoryisprobablythemostrespectable(atanyrateinthenarrowsenseoftheword)ofthecrimespecies.Itscreationisoftentherelaxationofuniversityscholars,literaryeconomists,scientistsorevenpoets.Disastrousdeathsmayoccurmorefrequentlyandmysteriouslythanmightbeexpectedinpolitesociety,buttheworldinwhichtheyhappen,thevillage,seasideresort,collegeorstudio,isfamiliartous,ifnotfromourownexperience,atleastinthenewspaperorthelivesoffriends.Thecharacters,thoughnormallyrealizedsuperficially,areasrecognizablyhumanandconsistentasourlessintimateacquaintances.AstorysetinamoreremoteAfricanjungleorAustralianbush,ancientChinaorgas-litLondon;appealstoourinterestingeographyorhistory,andmostdetectivestorywritersareconscientiousinprovidingareasonablytruebackground.Theelaborate,carefully-assembledplot,despisedbythemodernintellectualcriticsandcreatorsof"significant"novels,hasfoundrefugeinthemurdermystery,withitssprinklingofclues,itsspicingwithapparentimpossibilities,allwithappropriatesolutionsandexplanationsattheend.Withtheguiltofescapismfromreallifenagginggently,wesecretlytakedelightintheunmaskingofevilbyavaguelysuper-humandetective,whoseesthroughanddispelsthecloudofsuspicionwhichhashoveredsounjustlyovertheinnocent.

Thoughitsvillainalsoreceiveshisrightfuldeserts,thethrillerpresentsalesscomfortableandcredibleworld.Thesequenceoffistfights,revolverduels,carcrashesandescapesfromgas-filledcellarsexhauststhereaderfarmorethanthehero,who,sufferingfromatleasttwobrokenribs,oneblackeye,uncountablebruisesandahangover,canstillchaseandoverpoweranarmedvillainwiththephysiqueofawrestler,Hemovesdangerouslythroughaworldofruthlessgangs,brutality,aviciouslustforpowerandmoneyand,incontrasttothedetectivetale,withanear-omniscientarch-criminalwhosedefeatseemsalmostaccidental.Perhapswemissinthethrillerthesecurityofbeingsafelyledbyourimperturbableinvestigatorpastascoreofredherringsandblindavenuestoafinalgatheringofsuspectswhenanunchallengeableelucidationofallthathasbewilderedusisgivenandjusticeandgoodnessprevail.Allthatwevainlyhopeforfromlifeisgrantedvicariously.

1.Thecrimenovelisregardedbytheauthoras（

）.

2.Thecreationofdetectivestorieshasitsoriginin

（

）.

3.Thecharactersofthedetectivestoriesare,generallyspeaking,

（

）.

4.Thesettingofthedetectivestoriesissometimesinamoreremoteplacebecause（

）.

5.Thewriterofthispassagethinks（

）.

問題1選項

A.anotrespectableformofthetraditionalnovel

B.notatruenovelatall

C.relatedinsomewaystothehisto