高一提優(yōu)班2主謂一致

江蘇省南通中學(xué)高三英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)講義二．主謂一致【要點點撥】英語句子中謂語動詞的數(shù)必須與主語的人稱和數(shù)取得一致，這就叫做主謂一致。解決主謂一致主要遵循三個原則：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。1：either,neither,each,one,theother,another,anybody,anyone,anything,somebody,someone,something,everything,everybody,everyone,noone,nothing,nobody

做主語時，謂語一般用單數(shù)。Neitherofthetwosentencesiscorrect.Everythingaroundusismatter.(注意：none,neither,all,any作主語時，謂語可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)，具體取決于說話人的意思。)

Noneofthemowns/ownacar.Neitheroftheboysare/isinterestedingeography.Allarehere.Andallthatcanbedonehasbeendone.2：表示“時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積”等度量的名詞做主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。Fiveminutesisenough.Fourhundredfrancsisalotofmoney.3：each…andeach…，every…andevery;no…andno;manya…andmanya…等結(jié)構(gòu)由于強調(diào)個體行為，因此謂語動詞使用單數(shù)。EachboyandeachgirlhasgotanewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Nosoundandnovoiceisheardforalongtime.4：從句、不定式、動名詞或短語作主語時謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。Tosaysomethingisonething,todoitisanother.（tosaysomething,todo是不定式）“Howdoyoudo?”isnotaquestionbutagreeting.（Howdoyoudo?是句子，作主語）(注意：what引導(dǎo)主語從句時應(yīng)注意其所指的具體內(nèi)容來確定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。)Whatweneedismoretime,whilewhattheyneedaremoredoctorsandmedicines.5：oneandahalf后面帶名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。Oneandhalfbananasisleftonthetable.6：用and連接的兩個名詞表示單一概念時謂語動詞使用單數(shù)。TheheadmasterandPartysecretaryisgoingabroadnextmonth.Breadandbutterismyusualbreakfast.7：有些名詞呈復(fù)數(shù)形式，但并不表示復(fù)數(shù)概念。Thenewsisdisappointingthatachemicalworksistobebuiltinthewestofthecity.8：名詞由and或both…and連接主語時，謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Bothcoffeeandbeerareonsaleintheshop.9：people,public,police,cattle做主語時，謂語動詞習(xí)慣上使用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepolicehavecaughtthemurderer.Andpeoplearetalkingaboutthenews.10：表示成雙、成套的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù)。Yourtrousersaretoolong,buttheseshoesfityouquitewell.但有apairof連接時，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)。Apairofglovesisanicepresentforher.11:不可數(shù)名詞作主語，但前面有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Threemilliontonsofoilareexploitedeveryyearintheoilfield.12:在or,either---or---,neither---nor---,notonly---butalso---,not---but---,therebe等結(jié)構(gòu)中，采取就近原則，即謂語動詞使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。Eithertheteacherorthestudentsaretoblame.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.13

:就遠(yuǎn)原則：Awith/alongwith/togetherwith/including/suchas/like/aswellas/ratherthan/except/besides/but/apartfrom/asidefrom/B,謂語動詞和A一致NoonebutJackandMaryknowsaboutit.Iaswellastheyamreadytohelpyou.14：someof;plentyof;alotof;mostof;therestof;all(of);half(of);分?jǐn)?shù)或百分之+of+名詞做主語時，以名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。Alotofstudentsarewaitingoutside.Andlotsofthetimehasbeenwasted.Morethan70%oftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.Tenpercentoftheapplesarebad.Therestofthestoryneedsnotelling.Hestayedathomeandtherestoftheboyswereoutatplay.15：由akindof;thiskindof;manykindsof和名詞+ofthiskind等以及與kind意思相近的type,sort等構(gòu)成的類似的短語做主語時，謂語動詞與of前的名詞取得一致。ThiskindofapplesellswellinChina.Applesofthiskindarehighlypriced.16：morethan開頭的句子，看其后面的名詞。Morethanoneansweriswrittenontheblackboard.Morethantwohundredsoldierswerekilledinthebattle.17:定語從句中謂語動詞的形式與先行詞一致，但oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句的謂語動詞的形式看one的前面是否有the(only)等修飾語，有為單數(shù)，無為復(fù)數(shù)。Thisisoneofthebestbooksthathaveappearedthisyear.Sheistheonlyoneofthosewomenwhodoesn’tknowathingaboutknitting(編織).18:population;company;class.team;family;group;nation;world;government等詞做主語時，如果強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)；如果強調(diào)組成成員，謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù)。Ourfamilyhasareunioneveryyear.Hisfamilyarewaitingforhim.19：the+形容詞，表示一類人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);若指單數(shù)，則用單數(shù)謂語動詞。Thericharefortheplan,butthepoorareagainstit.Thetrueistobedistinguishedfromthefalse.真實應(yīng)與假相區(qū)別。(thetrue/thefalse表單數(shù)概念)20：anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)動詞。thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用單數(shù)動詞。如：Anumberofpeoplewerekilledandinjuredintheexplosion.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledinthetsunami(海嘯)hasgrownto160,000.【各個擊破】1.——HaveyouheardthatTianLiang,alongwithhisparents,_______toCanada?——Really?NowonderIhaven’tseenhimthesedays.A.hasbeen B.hasgone C.havebeen D.havegone2.Overthree-quarterofthecity_______destroyedintheIraqWar.is B.are C.were D.was3.Thiskindofstories________instructivewhilestoriesofthatkind________harmfultochildren.A.is;seems B.are;seem C.is;seem D.are;seems4.Everybodyinourhometown,menandwomen,youngandold,________sportsandgames.arefondof B.joins C.enjoys D.goinfor5.TheWhites’family,which_______ratheralargeone,________veryfondoftheirhouse.were;were B.was;were C.were;was D.was;was6.Nothissonbuthistwodaughters________toCanada,nevertobeseenagain.A.hasgone B.havegone C.hasbeen D.havebeen7.Whentheinjured_______tothehospital,,theycameto________.wasrushed;lifeB.wererushed;lifeC.rushed;lives D.wererushed;lives8.Despitemuchresearch,therearestillcertainelementsinthelifecycleoftheinsectthat_______notfullyunderstood.A.are B.were C.is D.was9._________visitorstoHongKongwereaskedbynewspaperreporterswhattheirimpressionsofthepeoplewere.Thenumberof B.Anumbersof C.Numbersof D.Anynumbersof10.Thoughsmall,theantisasmuchacreatureas_________allotheranimalsonearth.are B.is C.do D.have11.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_______theteachingbuilding.A.have B.has C.stands D.are12.Everypossiblemeans_________triedbutwithoutmuchresult.havebeen B.had C.has D.hasbeen13.Therestofthestory________notelling.Halfofthestudents_______nointerestinit.need;has B.needs;have C.needs;has D.need;have14.JohnandMary,___suretocometoourpartythisevening.A.be B.are C.is D.tobe15.Thisistheonlyoneofthebooksonthesubject________everbeenwritteninEnglish.thathas B.whichhave C.thathave D.whichis16.Everyboyandeverygirlaswellassometeacherswho____tovisitthemuseum____askedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6:30inthemorning.are,are B.is,is C.are,is D.is,are17.Agreatmanypeople_______presentatthemeeting.Butmanyaman________lateforthemeetingbecauseofthetrafficjam.A.are;are B.is;is C.were;was D.was;are18.Heistheonlyoneofthechildrenwhooften________illofothersbehindtheirbacks.havespoken B.werespeakingC.speaks D.speak19.It’sIwho________theChristmasgifttoyou.A.hassent B.havesent C.isgoingtofetchD.aregoingtofetch20.Whatwereyourproblemsayearago_______minenow.A.hasbecome B.havebecomeC.becomes D.became21.Seventypercentofthestudentshere____fromthecountryside.A.isB.areC.comesD.hascome22._______aboutthemoon____putintothecomputers.A.Agreatnumberofinformations,wereB.Alotofinformations,wereC.Muchinformation,wasD.Agoodmanyinformations,was23.Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswho____bytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praising24.Nobody_____tosmokeinthecinema.A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowed25.Mine___anewbook.A.wereB.areC.wasD.havebeen26.Threethousandsquaremetersofhousing___constructedinourschool.A.aretobeB.istobeC.wastobeD.isgoingtobe27．ItoldhimwhatIwassurprised____hisattitudetowardshisstudy.A.wereB.wasC.atwasD.atwere28.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided29.___ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass,A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are30.E-mail,aswellastelephones,___animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.play31.Curryandchicken_____favouritedish.A.areB.isC.amD.were32..Myoldfriendandschoolmate_____inBeijing.A.liveB.living