考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京服裝學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京服裝學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Mrs.Blackfindsthatherpianohasalwayshadthemagicpoweroftakingherawayfromthegrimrealitiesofdailylifeand（

）hertofairylandofherownonceshestartedtoplay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transforming

B.transporting

C.transplanting

D.transcending

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。transform“改變，使…變形”；transport“運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送”；transplant“移植，遷移”；transcend“勝過(guò)”。句意：Black夫人發(fā)現(xiàn)每當(dāng)她彈鋼琴，她的鋼琴就有將自己帶離日常生活的糟糕現(xiàn)實(shí)并且將她帶到自己擁有的樂(lè)園的魔力。由takingherawayfromthegrimrealitiesofdailylife及tofairyland可知“將Black夫人從糟糕的現(xiàn)實(shí)運(yùn)送到樂(lè)園”符合邏輯，答案B

2.單選題

Thenumberoffemalebossesoflargefirmsremainsstubbornlysmall.NotsingleoneonFrance’sCAC40shareindexoronGermany'sDAXindexisrunbyawoman.InAmerica，only15chiefexecutivesofFortune500companiesarewomen.Britaindoesbetter,butnotmuch:fiveoftheFTSE-100firmshavefemalebosses.

OnJuly6ththeEuropeanParliamentpassedaresolutioncallingforEU-widelegislationstipulatingthatatleast40%ofseatsonlistedcompanies’supervisoryboardswillbereservedforwomenby2020.Thisdoesnotobligememberstatestodoanything,butitreflectsaspreadingmood.TheGermangovernmentisconsideringwhethertoimposequotas.Americaisnot,butnewrulesfromtheSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionwillrequirefirmstorevealwhat,ifanything,theyaredoingtoincreasediversityatthetoptable.

VivianeReding,theEUcommissionerforjustice,arguesthatcompulsionistheonlywaytoovercomeentrencheddiscrimination.InMarch,sheposteda“WomenontheBoardPledgeforEurope”onherwebsite.Onlysevencompanieshavesignedupsofar.

Thereisapowerfulbusinesscaseforhiringmorewomentoruncompanies.Theyaremorelikelytounderstandthetastesandaspirationsofthelargestgroupofconsumersintheworld,namelywomen.Theyrepresentanunderfishedpooloftalent.McKinsey,aconsultancy,recentlylookedat89listedcompaniesinEuropewithaveryhighproportionofwomeninseniormanagementpostsandcomparedtheirfinancialperformancewiththeaverageforfirmsinthesameindustry.Itfoundthatthesefirmsenjoyedahigherreturnonequity,fatteroperatingprofitsandamorebuoyantshareprice.Theauthorsdescribedthecorrelationbetweenpromotingwomenanddoingwellas“striking”，thoughtheyadmittedthattheycouldnotprovewhatwascausingwhat.Itispossiblethatfirmsthatarealreadydoingwelltendtohiremorefemaledirectors.Ontheotherhand,astudybyAmyDittmarandKennethAhemoftheRossSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofMichiganfoundthatfirmsthatwereforcedtoincreasetheshareofwomenontheirboardsbymorethantenpercentagepointssawonemeasureofcorporatevalue(theratioofmarketcapitalizationtothereplacementvalueofassets,knownasTobin’sQ)fallby18%.

Ifquotasaren’ttheanswer,whatis?Thequestionisfiendishlycomplex.Inmostrichcountries,womendoaswellasmenorevenbetteratschoolanduniversity.InAmerica,mostnewmaster’sdegreesareawardedtowomen.Womenalsoholdmorethanhalfoftheentry-leveljobsatAmericanblue-chipcompanies.

Butcorporatewomenstarttofallbehindtheirmalepeersrightfromthebeginning.Theyarelessaggressivethanmenwhennegotiatingtheirfirstsalaryandeverysubsequentpayrise.LindaBabcockofCarnegieMellonUniversityfoundthathermalegraduatestudentssecuredstartingsalaries7.6%higherthanherfemalegraduatestudents.Ingeneral,menarefourtimesmorelikelytoaskforapayrisethanwomenare.Compoundedovertime,thismakesahugedifference.

Thehigheryougazeupthecorporateladder,thefewerwomenyousee.AccordingtoCatalyst,aresearcherinNewYork,womenare37%ofthemiddlemanagersinbigAmericanfirms,28%oftheseniormanagersandamere14%ofexecutive-committeemembers.

Thewaypatronageandpromotionworkwithinthecorporateworldmaycountagainstwomen.Nearlyalltheexecutiveswhorisetothetophavehadapowerfulbacker,accordingtoSylviaAnnHewlett，theauthorof“TheSponsorEffect”，areportfortheHarvardBusinessReview.YetwomenoftenfailtocultivatewhatMs.’Hewlettcalls“relationshipcapital”.Theyhesitatetocallinfavorsforfearofseemingpushy.Andmanyareafraidofthegossipthatacloserelationshipwithaseniormalecolleaguemightprovoke.

Nodoubtallofthisplaysitspart.Butamuchbiggerobstacletoputtingmorewomeninboardroomsisthatsomanystruggletobalanceworkandafamily.Partlybecauseitissotrickytojugglekidsandacareer,manyhighlyablewomenoptforjobswithpredictablehours,suchashumanresourcesoraccounting.Theyalsogravitatetowardsfieldswheretheirskillsarelesslikelytobecomeobsoleteiftheytakeacareerbreak,whichisperhapsonereasonwhynearlytwo-thirdsofnewAmericanlawgraduatesarefemalebutonly18%ofengineers.

Somegovernmentstryhardtohelpwomencombineacareerandfamily.FranceandtheScandinaviancountrieshelpwithchildcare.Crechesandnurseriesarcsubsidized.Stateschoolswillhangontothelittlemonsterswellintotheevening.ThiscontrastsstarklywithAmericanandBritishschools,whichbootthemoutlongbeforeanadult’sworkdayisover.Americanparentsmustalsosquarethecircleofultra-shortholidaysforgrown-upsandabsurdlylongonesforkids.

Womenbringuniquestrengthstoacompany,reckonsLisaGersh,thebossofMarthaStewartLivingOmnimedia,amerchandisingandmediafirmfoundedbyalifestyleguru.Theyaremorecollaborativethanmen,saysMsGersh,andbetteratmultitasking.Thosewithchildrenquicklybecomeefficient.Theyknowthattheyhavetobehomeatacertaintime.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainfocusofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredtrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Allofthefollowingarebelievedtoaccountforthedisproportionaterepresentationofwomenin

businesstopEXCEPT（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofcareerwomenaccordingtothepassage?

5.Tohighlighthis/herpointsandconvincethereaders,theauthorofthispassagemainlyrelieson

（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thedilemmaofbusinesswomen.

B.Thediscriminationagainstwomeninthefieldofbusiness.

C.Theconcernaboutthefactthattopwomenexecutivesaresofewandwhyitisso

D.Howtoeradicatethediscriminationagainstwomeninbusinessandtheeffect

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ScandinaviancountriesaremoreegalitarianandfemininethanBritainandUSA

B.Peopleunanimouslywelcomethequotassystemtoincorporatemorewomenintotheboardroom.

C.Womenwhobenefitfromquotaspracticeinvariablypromotethedevelopmentoftheirbusinesses.

D.Americanwomenareingeneralthebesteducatedandalsothemostequallytreatedinbusiness.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Womenareheldbackbythedilemmaofdealingwithfamilyandwork.

B.Thepowerfulbackersavailabletosuccessfulmenaredeniedofwomen.

C.Womendon’tenjoythesameopportunityforbettereducationthanmen

D.Womenarelessaggressiveandlagbehindtheircounterpartsfromtheverybeginningoftheircareer.?

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Cooperative

B.Multitasking

C.Efficient

D.flextime

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.dataandfigures

B.personalexperiences

C.assertionsbasedonpersonalobservations

D.appealingtoreaders’sentimentsandemotions

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文主要提出了高級(jí)女主管很少的現(xiàn)象，并且對(duì)此分析了原因。

2.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Somegovernmentstryhardtohelpwomencombineacareerandfamily.FranceandtheScandinaviancountrieshelpwithchildcare.ThiscontrastsstarklywithAmericanandBritishschools,whichbootthemoutlongbeforeanadult’sworkdayisover.Americanparentsmustalsosquarethecircleofultra-shortholidaysforgrown-upsandabsurdlylongonesforkids.一些政府努力幫助女性把事業(yè)和家庭結(jié)合起來(lái)。法國(guó)和斯堪的納維亞國(guó)家?guī)椭鷥和Ｓ?。這與美國(guó)和英國(guó)的學(xué)校形成了鮮明的對(duì)比，美國(guó)和英國(guó)的學(xué)校在一個(gè)成年人的工作日結(jié)束之前就把他們趕出去了。美國(guó)的父母還必須為成年人安排超短的假期，為孩子安排長(zhǎng)得荒唐的假期?！笨芍▏?guó)和斯堪的納維亞國(guó)家比英國(guó)和美國(guó)更加平等，更加重視女性，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由倒數(shù)第四段及第三段“Thewaypatronageandpromotionworkwithinthecorporateworldmaycountagainstwomen.Nearlyalltheexecutiveswhorisetothetophavehadapowerfulbacker,accordingtoSylviaAnnHewlett，theauthorof“TheSponsorEffect”，areportfortheHarvardBusinessReview.YetwomenoftenfailtocultivatewhatMs.’Hewlettcalls“relationshipcapital”.Theyhesitatetocallinfavorsforfearofseemingpushy.Andmanyareafraidofthegossipthatacloserelationshipwithaseniormalecolleaguemightprovoke.Nodoubtallofthisplaysitspart.Butamuchbiggerobstacletoputtingmorewomeninboardroomsisthatsomanystruggletobalanceworkandafamily.在企業(yè)界，贊助和晉升的工作方式可能不利于女性。西爾維亞?安?休利特(SylviaAnnHewlett)是《哈佛商業(yè)評(píng)論》(HarvardBusinessReview)的一篇報(bào)告《贊助商效應(yīng)》(theSponsorEffect)的作者，她認(rèn)為，幾乎所有升到高層的高管都有一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的支持者。然而，女性往往無(wú)法培養(yǎng)出休利特所說(shuō)的“關(guān)系資本”。他們不愿尋求幫助，擔(dān)心會(huì)顯得咄咄逼人。還有很多人擔(dān)心與男同事的親密關(guān)系會(huì)引發(fā)流言蜚語(yǔ)。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，所有這些都發(fā)揮了作用。但讓更多女性進(jìn)入董事會(huì)的一個(gè)更大障礙是，太多女性難以平衡工作和家庭?？芍狝BD項(xiàng)在文中都有提及，故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theyaremorecollaborativethanmen,saysMsGersh,andbetteratmultitasking.Thosewithchildrenquicklybecomeefficient.Theyknowthattheyhavetobehomeatacertaintime.她們比男性更善于合作，Gersh女士說(shuō)，而且更擅長(zhǎng)多任務(wù)處理。那些有孩子的人很快就會(huì)變得有效率。她們知道她們必須在特定的時(shí)間回家?！笨芍殬I(yè)女性的優(yōu)勢(shì)是善于合作，能夠處理許多任務(wù)，并且高效。故答案D。

5.推理判斷題。全文通過(guò)一些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)分析女性高管少的現(xiàn)象及原因。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Shecannotfindherdictionarynow.Ithinkthatshe____itintheclassroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hastoleave

B.musthaveleft

C.left

D.willleave

【答案】C

【解析】考查過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：她現(xiàn)在找不到字典了。我想她把它Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE____

教室里了。應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)，故只有C符合。

4.單選題

Theyoungwoman’sheartrevoltedagainstso（）acharge,andwhenshesawthatshecouldattempttodonothingtosaveherprotector,sheweptbitterly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.blessed

B.monstrous

C.heinous

D.grievous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:年輕的夫人堅(jiān)決地抗議這種污蔑。當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無(wú)力拯救保護(hù)人吋，便痛苦地哭泣起來(lái)。

考查形容詞辨析。blessed幸福的，受祝福的，神圣的;monstrous巨大的，怪異的；heinous極惡毒的，道德敗壞的，可恨的；grievous痛苦的，劇烈的。因此C符合句意。

5.單選題

Becauseofhis（

）,hewasdischargedfromhispositionasfamilychauffer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inebriety

B.sophist

C.stratum

D.fresco

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。inebriety“醉癖”；sophist“詭辯家；學(xué)者”；stratum“社會(huì)階層”；fresco“壁畫(huà)”。句意：由于他經(jīng)常醉酒，他不允許進(jìn)入廚房。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Havinga(n)（

）attitudetowardspeoplewithdifferentideasisanindicationthatonehasbeenwelleducated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tolerant

B.analytical

C.bearable

D.elastic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。tolerant“寬容的，容忍的”；analytical“分析的，解析的”；bearable“可忍受的，支持得住的”；elastic“有彈性的，靈活的，易伸縮的”。根據(jù)句意“____對(duì)待持有不同觀點(diǎn)人是一種受過(guò)良好教育的表現(xiàn)”，C選項(xiàng)的bearable是被迫容忍，tolerant是主動(dòng)容忍，顯然，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Thesedifficultiesshouldnothinderus[A]fromestablishingnormalstaterelations,[B]stillless[C]theyshouldleadto[D]war.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fromestablishing

B.stillless

C.theyshould

D.war

【答案】C

【解析】【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】倒裝句。

【解題思路】否定詞less置于句首，句子使用部分倒裝，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，因此，這里要將C選項(xiàng)改為shouldthey。

【句意】這些困難不應(yīng)妨礙我們建立正常的國(guó)家關(guān)系，更不應(yīng)導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

8.單選題

Atthedrugstore,thepharmacistrefusedtogivemeanymedicinebecauseshecouldnotread（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.description

B.prescription

C.inscription

D.subscription

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:description“描繪，描述”；B:prescription“處方（醫(yī)生開(kāi)出的）”；C:inscription“鑄幣上的刻印文字，銘文，碑文”；D:subscription“統(tǒng)一，贊成，訂閱”。句意：在藥房，醫(yī)師拒絕賣給我任何的藥物，因?yàn)樗裏o(wú)法辨認(rèn)醫(yī)生的處方。由句意可知B為正確答案。

9.單選題

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigressfromtheattentionsofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80’s),butIndia’shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsarereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedtothehostility.

21.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo______.

22.Studieshaveshownthat______.

23.Accordingtothepassage,atiger’sterritory______.

24.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger______.

25.Theauthorseems______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.studythegrowthrateoftigers

B.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetigers

C.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.remainsunchanged

B.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.expandsasthetigergrowsup

D.isthecauseofmostfights

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeencarriedtoofar

B.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

D.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

B.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

C.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】21.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“老虎計(jì)劃的最終目標(biāo)是……”。定位文章第一段，該段講述了老虎數(shù)量銳減，最后提到ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.（世界自然基金會(huì)資助的老虎項(xiàng)目立即啟動(dòng)。建立了9個(gè)老虎保護(hù)區(qū)，有武裝警衛(wèi)保護(hù)它們。），可推知老虎被捕殺是其數(shù)量劇減的根本原因，因此使老虎免于被殺是野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)基金會(huì)的最終目的。B項(xiàng)“保護(hù)老虎不被殺害”正確。A項(xiàng)“研究老虎的生長(zhǎng)速度”和C項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)幼虎的繁殖”沒(méi)提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。D項(xiàng)“分析老虎的行為模式”在第二段有提及，定位第一句TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.（該項(xiàng)目為來(lái)自印度和國(guó)外的研究人員提供了研究保護(hù)區(qū)老虎的機(jī)會(huì)，并收集了以前無(wú)法獲得的關(guān)于老虎習(xí)性的信息）可知，該項(xiàng)并不是這個(gè)老虎項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)，而是其有利之處，屬于張冠李戴。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

22.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“研究表明……”。定位第三段第二句Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.（但研究表明老虎捕捉獵物的成功率僅為1/20）可知，老虎捕捉獵物的成功率很低，所以D項(xiàng)“老虎并不是通常所說(shuō)的高效的獵手”正確。A項(xiàng)“母老虎在受到攻擊之前從不攻擊”和B項(xiàng)“母老虎不像其他老虎那樣兇猛”沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.（但它會(huì)根據(jù)其他老虎獨(dú)特的身體氣味，盡量避免爭(zhēng)奪地盤）可知，C項(xiàng)“一只老虎通常與另一只老虎搏斗以保衛(wèi)自己的領(lǐng)土”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

23.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，老虎的領(lǐng)地……”。定位第二段第二句Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.（研究表明，根據(jù)年齡、體型和力量，雄性老虎可以控制10到20平方公里的狩獵區(qū)域），以及第三句Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.（雄虎的領(lǐng)地包括三到四只雌虎的小領(lǐng)地）可知，一頭雄老虎依年齡、體型及力量可以控制10至20公里的狩獵領(lǐng)地，隨著老虎的長(zhǎng)大，其體型及力量都在增大，其占領(lǐng)的狩獵領(lǐng)地的面積自然也就增大，C項(xiàng)“隨著老虎的成長(zhǎng)而擴(kuò)大”正確。A項(xiàng)“保持不變”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。B項(xiàng)“通常由母老虎保護(hù)”沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.（但它會(huì)根據(jù)其他老虎獨(dú)特的身體氣味，盡量避免爭(zhēng)奪地盤）可知，D項(xiàng)“是大多數(shù)打架的原因”也是反向干擾。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

24.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“有些人害怕老虎計(jì)劃……”。定位最后一段第一句FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.（最近人們開(kāi)始擔(dān)心“老虎計(jì)劃”太成功了），toosuccessful與A項(xiàng)中的carriedtoofar是同樣的意思，所以A項(xiàng)“做得太過(guò)火”正確。B項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有得到足夠的重視”和C項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)它的目標(biāo)”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。D項(xiàng)“不值得花這么多錢”沒(méi)提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

25.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者看起來(lái)……”?？v觀全文，作者對(duì)于老虎保護(hù)項(xiàng)目沒(méi)有加入個(gè)人的主觀色彩，也沒(méi)有描述主觀情感的詞語(yǔ)，所以他持的是一種客觀的態(tài)度。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃采取實(shí)事求是的態(tài)度”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃充滿熱情”、C項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度”和D項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃感到滿意”都是曲解原文。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Improvedconsumerconfidenceis______toaneconomicrecovery.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.crucial

B.subordinate

C.cumulative

D.satisfactory

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.crucial至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的B.subordinate隸屬的，從屬的

C.cumulative（在力量或重要性方面）聚積的，積累的D.satisfactory令人滿意的，夠好的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“消費(fèi)者信心的增強(qiáng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇______”可知，空格處表示“至關(guān)重要的”符合句意。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】消費(fèi)者信心的增強(qiáng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇至關(guān)重要。

11.單選題

Ihavedone,______mycircumstancesandmycharacter,whatIhavebeenabletodoandIhaveenjoyedit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.togive

B.giving

C.given

D.havinggiven

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。give表示“給予”，這里是一個(gè)介詞引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)，given做介詞可以表示“考慮到，鑒于”，作原因狀語(yǔ)；因此排除B項(xiàng)give的現(xiàn)在分詞和D項(xiàng)give的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的分詞形式；A項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞不定式表目的；句意：考慮到我的情況和我的性格，我做了我能做的，我也很享受所做的一切。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin（

）tohisincome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:與收入相比，他在假期旅行和奢侈品上的開(kāi)銷太高了。

comparison比較，常用于by/incomparisonwith與...相比較；inproportionto與...成比例；與…相比；association聯(lián)系，合伙，常用于inassociationwith與..聯(lián)系；與…合伙；calculation計(jì)算。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingparagraphinthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

在中國(guó)，筆(brush)、墨(inkstick)、紙、硯(inkslab),就是人們所說(shuō)的“文房(thestudy)四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。作為文化藝術(shù)工具，以其獨(dú)特性能催生了漢字特有的書(shū)法藝術(shù)，也促使中國(guó)畫(huà)形成了獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格。文房四寶不僅有實(shí)用價(jià)值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術(shù)品，并逐步成為收藏品。在當(dāng)今時(shí)代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和寫(xiě)作的人越來(lái)越少了，但是在中國(guó)的書(shū)法，繪畫(huà)，收藏以及修身養(yǎng)性活動(dòng)中，它們?nèi)云鹬豢商娲淖饔谩?/p>

【答案】InChina,writingbrush,inkstick,paperandinkslab,whatpeoplecall“fourtreasuresofthestudy”，playanimportantroleintheinheritanceofChinesecivilization.Astoolsforcultureandart,the“fourtreasuresofthestudy”,byvirtueoftheiruniqueproperty,promotedtheemergenceofthecalligraphyartpeculiartoChinesecharacter,andChinesepaintinghasalsoformedtheuniquestyle.Inadditiontopracticalvalues,theyarealsotheworksofartforpeopletoviewandadmire,andgraduallybecomecollectionstoday.Incontemporarytimes,thenumberofpeopleusing“fourtreasuresofthestudy”forstudyingandwritinghasbeendecreasing,buttheyarestillplayinganirreplaceableroleintheactivitiesofChinesecalligraphy,painting,collectionandself-cultivation.

14.單選題

Theoldman（）thememoryofhisdeadwife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.embraced

B.disclosed

C.cherished

D.stored

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)embrace“擁抱，信奉”；B選項(xiàng)disclose“公開(kāi)，揭露”；C選項(xiàng)cherish“珍愛(ài)”；D想store“貯藏，儲(chǔ)存”。cherishthememoryof意為“懷念（某人）”。根據(jù)句意“老人懷念他死去的妻子?！彼赃x項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

The（）ofcomputertechnologyhasledtomajorchangesinoursocialandfamilylife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fraudulence

B.arrival

C.dawn

D.advent

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義解析。fraudulence“欺詐性”；arrival“到達(dá)”；dawn“黎明，開(kāi)端”；advent“到來(lái)，出現(xiàn)”。句意：計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的到來(lái)對(duì)我們的社會(huì)和家庭生活帶來(lái)了主要的影響。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.翻譯題

1.Inpresent-daytechnologymanmakestremendousdemandsonthematerialsavailabletohim.Thedemandisnotonlyforhugequantitiesofmaterialssuchastimber,concrete,steelandplasticsforconstructionalpurposes.Itisalsoforsmallerbutcrucialamountsofmaterialswhicharelesseasilyobtainable.Materialssuchasuraniumandtitaniumdonotexistinlargequantitiesbuttheypossessunusualpropertieswhichmakethemessentialforcertainhighlyspecializeduses.

2.Computersareelectronicmachinesforprocessingdata.Dataarepiecesoritemsofinformationthathavebeenproperlypreparedsothatthemachinecanworkwiththem.Processingmeanshandlingormanipulatingthematerialthathasbeenpresentedtothemachineinsuchwaysasperformingcalculations,classifyinginformation,ormakingcomparisons.Acomputerismadeofmillionsofelectronicdevicesthatcanstorethedataorswitchthemthroughcomplexcircuitswithdifferentfunctionsatincrediblespeeds.

3.在傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)家庭中，成年子女與年長(zhǎng)父母生活在一個(gè)屋檐下。自1974年中國(guó)實(shí)行獨(dú)生子女政策以來(lái)，中國(guó)家庭經(jīng)歷了許多變化，其中一個(gè)變化是核心家庭成為主導(dǎo)。當(dāng)獨(dú)生子女因?yàn)樽x大學(xué)或結(jié)婚而離開(kāi)家里時(shí)，父母才四五十歲，他們比其他國(guó)家育有多個(gè)子女的父母更早經(jīng)歷空巢綜合征。他們忽然感到孤獨(dú)、悲傷、無(wú)用、消沉。

【答案】1.當(dāng)今的技術(shù)人員對(duì)可用的材料提出了巨大的要求。這種需求不僅適用于諸如木材、混凝土、鋼鐵以及用于建筑目的的塑料等數(shù)量巨大的材料，也適用于較少但至關(guān)重要，且不易獲得的材料。鈾和鈦這樣一類材料并不大量存在，但它們具有非凡的特性，這使得它們成為某些特殊用途所不可缺少的材料。

2.計(jì)算機(jī)是處理數(shù)據(jù)的電子機(jī)器。數(shù)據(jù)是已被適當(dāng)準(zhǔn)備好以便機(jī)器能夠使用的信息片段或項(xiàng)目。加工指的是對(duì)呈現(xiàn)在機(jī)器上的材料進(jìn)行處理或操作，如計(jì)算、分類或比較。計(jì)算機(jī)是由數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的電子設(shè)備組成的，這些設(shè)備可以存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)或通過(guò)具有不同功能的復(fù)雜電路以令人難以置信的速度轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)。

3.InatraditionalChinesefamily,adultchildrenliveunderthesameroofwiththeirolderparents.SinceChinaadoptedtheone-childpolicyin1974,Chinesefamilieshaveundergonemanychanges,oneofwhichisthedominanceofthenuclearfamily.Whenonlychildrenleavehomeforcollegeormarriage,theirparentsareintheir40sor50s,andtheyexperienceempty-nestsyndromeearlierthanparentswithmultiplechildreninothercountries.Theysuddenlyfeellonely,sad,useless,anddepressed.

17.翻譯題

如果把電壓加到電路的兩端，在電路中就會(huì)有電流流動(dòng)。

【答案】Ifthevoltageisappliedtobothendsofthecircuit,therewillbecurrentflowinthecircuit.

18.單選題

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inthelightof根據(jù)，按照；intheeventof如果……發(fā)生；inthefaceof面臨，面對(duì)；inthecourseof在……過(guò)程中。句意：她總是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和原則來(lái)處理問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

19.單選題

Heshoutedin________ofthepoliceman’swarningtobequiet.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defense

B.defiance

C.attempt

D.view

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.defense防御，保衛(wèi)B.defiance違抗，拒絕服從

C.attempt企圖，嘗試D.view看法，見(jiàn)解

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】前半句的“shouted（喊叫）”和后半句的“warningtobequiet（保持安靜的警告）”形成對(duì)比，說(shuō)明他并沒(méi)有遵從警察要他安靜的警告，也就是說(shuō)他無(wú)視、拒絕服從警察的警告。indefianceof是固定搭配，意為“無(wú)視，違抗”，因此B選項(xiàng)defiance“違抗，拒絕服從”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)defense“防御，保衛(wèi)”，indefenseof指保護(hù)某事物免受攻擊、批評(píng)或?yàn)槟橙宿q護(hù)，不能和“warning（警告）”進(jìn)行搭配；

C選項(xiàng)attempt“企圖，嘗試”，沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的搭配用法；

D選項(xiàng)view“看法，見(jiàn)解”，inviewof指鑒于某事物，考慮到某原因，不符合題干的語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【句意】他大聲喊叫，無(wú)視警察要他保持安靜的警告。

20.單選題

Onestudyhasfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactsareperceivedasmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsiblethan______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thosewhodon’t

B.thosewhoaren’t

C.themwhodidn’t

D.themwhoweren’t

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。those指代前面的jobapplicants，who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)楸苊庵貜?fù)，所以后面略賓語(yǔ)，而用do代替前面的make一詞，A項(xiàng)符合句意。B項(xiàng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)代詞使用錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。句意：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些能有更多目光接觸的求職者比沒(méi)有足夠目光接觸的求職者被視為更加機(jī)智，可靠，自信并且附有責(zé)任心。故正確答案為A。

21.單選題

Alltheoff-shoreoilexplorerswereinhighspiritsastheyread（

）lettersfromtheirfamilies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sentimental

B.affectionate

C.intimate

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】sentimental傷感的，多愁善感的；affectionate深情的，充滿愛(ài)的；intimate親密的，精通的；sensitive敏感的，易受傷害的。句意：所有的海上石油探測(cè)者讀到家人寫(xiě)的充滿愛(ài)的信時(shí)，都會(huì)情緒高漲。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

22.單選題

ThomasPainewascommittedtospeakingthetruthbluntly______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asheunderstoodit

B.hehadunderstanding

C.wasunderstood

D.thathisunderstandingwas

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處應(yīng)該是做修飾的成分。A項(xiàng)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“按照……”，B項(xiàng)本身不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)；C項(xiàng)不應(yīng)再出現(xiàn)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was；D項(xiàng)that在引導(dǎo)一個(gè)缺成分的從句，不符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：托馬斯?潘恩(ThomasPaine)致力于直言不諱地說(shuō)出他所理解的真相。故正確答案為A。

23.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese

Youareanintelligentandarticulateperson.Youhavenoproblemgivingalucidpresentation,deliveringaneloquentspeechorparticipatinginapoliticaldebate.Youstriveformeaningfulconversationsandhavenopatiencewhatsoeverforsmalltalk.“Theweatherisnice,isn’tit?”Really,whocares?

Althoughseeminglytrivialandsuperficial,smalltalkisthestartingpointofallrelationships.Romancesandfriendshipsbeginwithsmalltalk.Inamorepragmaticlight,youcan’tavoidit.Gettingajob,workingwithcolleagues,winningnewclients—allofitrequiressmalltalk.Americanscallitthe“GiftofGab”.Wanttobesuccessful?You’dbetteracquirethisgift.AnarticleontheForbes,websitelistsafewreasonswhysmalltalkissoimportantforone’scareer.Notonlydoessmalltalkmakeusmorelikeable;inone’scareer,smalltalkisalsoa“freeoption”.

Itcanleadtoahostofoutcomes,fromamerelypleasantexchangetothesigningofamultimilliondollarbusinessdeal,saysthearticle.

Inatimewhereabigpartofourliveshasmovedonline,theartofsmalltalkiselusiveandmysterious.Theawkwardexperienceoffeelinglikeatotaloutsideratasocialfunction,suchasacompanyeventoradinnerparty,issharedbymanyofus.

Badsmalltalkerstendtodominatetheconversation.Theyspendtoomuchtimeontheirfavoritetopic,whetherit’sfootballorhowclevertheirkidsare.Theythinktheyarebeingsocialbecausetheyaretalking.Buttheyaretalkingtosomebody,notwithsomeone.Suchpeopleoftengivetheimpressionofbeingself-centeredandinconsiderate.

【答案】你聰明機(jī)靈，口齒伶俐。給出清晰的報(bào)告、發(fā)表滔滔不絕的演講、參加政治辯論，你無(wú)所不能。你在這些有意義的語(yǔ)言會(huì)話上花費(fèi)心思，卻對(duì)閑聊嗤之以鼻?！敖裉焯鞖獠诲e(cuò)，是吧？”說(shuō)實(shí)在的，誰(shuí)關(guān)心呢？

雖然看似瑣碎膚淺，但閑聊卻是建立一切關(guān)系的切入點(diǎn)。愛(ài)情和友誼都始于閑聊。更實(shí)際一點(diǎn)考慮的話，你不可能避免閑聊。求職、與同事共事、攻下新客戶，這些都離不開(kāi)閑聊。

美國(guó)人稱之為“能說(shuō)會(huì)道”。你想成功？那么你最好具備這項(xiàng)口才。為了說(shuō)明閑聊對(duì)于個(gè)人事業(yè)的重要性，《福布斯》網(wǎng)站上的一篇文章給出了一系列解釋。閑聊不僅能讓我們更討人喜歡，對(duì)于個(gè)人事業(yè)而言，閑聊也是一種“免費(fèi)期權(quán)”。文章中指出，閑聊能產(chǎn)生一系列的效果，有時(shí)不僅僅是一場(chǎng)愉快的交流，甚至還可以達(dá)成數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的交易。

在這個(gè)生活逐步網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的吋代，閑聊的藝術(shù)不可思議又難以捉摸。我們中的很多人都曾有過(guò)在公司活動(dòng)、宴會(huì)等社交場(chǎng)合中上化身“局外人”的尷尬經(jīng)歷。

不抱長(zhǎng)閑聊的人往往想要在談話中占據(jù)主動(dòng)。他們花費(fèi)過(guò)多的時(shí)間來(lái)談?wù)撓矚g的話題，無(wú)論是討論足球還是夸獎(jiǎng)他們的孩子有多么聰穎過(guò)人。他們認(rèn)為滔滔不絕就代表善于交際。但是他們說(shuō)話的對(duì)象是些重要人物，而并非普通人。這樣的人通常會(huì)給人留下以自我為中心、不替他人著想的印象。

24.單選題

Herfamilytakes（）overherwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.percentage

B.priority

C.perspect

D.preparation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)percentage“百分比；百分率”；B選項(xiàng)priority“優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)”；C選項(xiàng)perspect“專輯名稱”；D選項(xiàng)preparation“預(yù)備；準(zhǔn)備。句意：對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)，家庭比工作重要。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意，takepriorityoversth.優(yōu)先考慮，優(yōu)先于某事。

25.翻譯題

Populationgrowthoftenincreasespovertyandcausesmigrationinthesearchfornewfarmland.Inacountrywherearablelandisscarce,poorfarmersareoftenassociatedwithenvironmentaldegradation.Itisestimatedthatabout85percentoftheruralpoorresideindegradedareas.Continuedpopulationgrowthplacesfurtherpressureontheexistingcapacityoftheland,forcingfarmerstocultivatetheircropsinhigherandsteeperareas.Thechallengeistofindsustainableagriculturalproductionsystemsandnonagriculturalstrategiesthatwouldgenerategainfulemploymentandincomefortheruralpoor.

Itiswidelyrecognizedthatpovertyalleviationisimperativeifsustainabilityistobeachieved.Anumberofpoliciesandassociatedpublicexpenditureshavebeendirectedtowardspovertyalleviation,withvaryinglevelsofsuccess.Somepovertyalleviationpoliciesmayhaveanimpactontheenvironmentorcreateanincentivesystemthatworksagainsttheenvironment.Arecentstudyshowedthatgovernmentspendingonroadshashadthebiggestimpactonruralpovertyreduction,andthattheimpactofroadconstructionisalmosttwicethatofgovernmentspendingonagriculturalresearchanddev