考研考博-英語-咸寧職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2_第1頁
考研考博-英語-咸寧職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2_第2頁
考研考博-英語-咸寧職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2_第3頁
考研考博-英語-咸寧職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2_第4頁
考研考博-英語-咸寧職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩456頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-咸寧職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ifthatdeskisatleast100yearsold,itisanauthenticantiqueandvaluable.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.real

B.ancient

C.eminent

D.obsolete

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.real真的B.ancient古老的

C.eminent杰出的D.obsolete廢棄的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線詞修飾的是antique“古董”,原詞authentic“真的”,并且原句得出該結(jié)論的條件是“如果那張桌子至少有100年的歷史”,由此原句表達(dá)的是該古董是真品而非贗品。因此,A選項(xiàng)real“真的”與原詞詞義最接近,符合原句句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原詞詞義。

【句意】如果那張桌子至少有100年的歷史,那它就是一件真正的古董,并且價(jià)值不菲。

2.單選題

Thelossofthe(

)ofhishearingdidn’tstophimfrombeingausefulmemberofthesociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ability

B.capability

C.power

D.faculty

【答案】A

【解析】句意:聽覺能力的喪失阻礙不了他成為一名對社會有用的人。

考查名詞辨析。Ability能力,才能(指人先天的或?qū)W來的各種能力);capability才能,能力,,容量(指勝任某項(xiàng)具體工作的能力,也指本身具有、尚未發(fā)揮的潛能);power功率,力量,能力,政權(quán),勢力(泛指一切力量或能力等);faculty科,系,能力,全體教員(指特殊的才能或智力)。由關(guān)鍵詞hearing(聽力)可知這里指先天能力,故選A。

3.單選題

ConradHiltonreallywantedtobeabanker.Instead,hesuccessfullychangedthe(1)purchaseofaTexaslow-endhotelintoamultimillion-dollarhotelempirethatearnedhimthe(2)“innkeepertotheworld.”

BorninNewMexicoin1887,Hiltonwas19whenhisparentsbeganrentingoutroomsintheirhome.Thebusinessdidn’tinteresthim,(3),sohebecamea(4)legislator,foundedabankandwentofftowar.In1919,afterHilton’sfatherdied,afriendsuggestedhe(5)toTexastomakehis(6).HiltonendedupinCisco,whenhisbankdealthere(7),heheadedtoanearbyhotel,theMobley.It(8)tooil-fieldworkers,soits40roomsturnedover(9)eighthours.Aweeklater,Hiltonownedit.Hesoonacquiredmorehotels—andstartedtobuildnewones.Hisfirst,theDallasHilton,openedin1925.Bythelate1940s,Hilton’slistincludedtheTownHouseinBeverlyHillsandChicago’sPalmerHouse,aswellas(10)nightclubs(11)A-liststars.Healsoexpandedinternationally.Andin1949,heboughtthe“greatestofthemall”:NewYorkCity’smagnificentWaldorf-Astoria.TypicallyAmerican,Hiltonswere(12)too:thefirst(13)haveroomswithair-conditioning,TVs,ironingboardsandsewingkits.Evenmodernhotel-reservationssystems(14)fromoneHiltonwhichwasestablishedin1948

TodaytheHiltonHotelsCorpownssome3,300(15)in78countries.Lastyearmorethanaquarter-billion

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.compulsory

C.great

D.casual

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.income

B.living

C.nickname

D.penname

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.however

B.therefore

C.if

D.when

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.nationality

B.state

C.race

D.ethnic

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.went

B.go

C.goes

D.togo

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.life

B.achievement

C.fortune

D.subsistence

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.worse

B.soured

C.soared

D.unstable

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.catered

B.provided

C.led

D.granted

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.every

B.any

C.some

D.each

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.shabby

B.decorated

C.vacant

D.luxurious

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.feature

B.featuring

C.featured

D.features

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.gifted

C.incentive

D.creative

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.to

C.at

D.how

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.evolved

B.revolved

C.involved

D.resolved

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.lobbies

B.terraces

C.properties

D.balconies

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

【解析】1.考查形容詞辨析??杖碧帒?yīng)為purchase的定語,句意為“康拉德?希爾頓原本想成為一個(gè)銀行家,但后來卻把一個(gè)偶然買進(jìn)的低端酒店打造成了酒店王國”。此處casual“偶然的”最符合上下文語義。因此,正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

2.考查名詞辨析。空缺后的“innkeepertotheworld(世界旅館大王)”是一個(gè)稱號,A選項(xiàng)income表示“收入,所得”,B選項(xiàng)living表示“生計(jì),生活方式”,C選項(xiàng)nickname表示“綽號,外號”,D選項(xiàng)penname表示“筆名”。earnhimthenickname可表示“為他贏得了……的稱號”。因此,本題選擇C選項(xiàng)最合適。

3.考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,在Hilton19歲時(shí),他的父母就把家里的房間租給別人,但他對這門生意不感興趣,所以他成為了一名議員。此空缺處應(yīng)表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折,因此本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

4.考查詞義辨析??杖碧帒?yīng)為修飾legislator的定語成分,可為名詞、形容詞或分詞。legislator表示“立法者,議員”,一般分為聯(lián)邦議員或者州、市議員,因此與legislator聯(lián)系最緊密的應(yīng)是state(國家,州立)。A選項(xiàng)nationality表示“國籍,國家,民族”,C選項(xiàng)race表示“種族,人種”,D選項(xiàng)ethnic表示“種族的,人種的”。因此本題選擇B項(xiàng)最恰當(dāng)。

5.考查動詞suggest的用法。此處應(yīng)注意空缺前為he,所以本題考查suggest(that)sb(should)dosth結(jié)構(gòu),表示“建議某人應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事”。因此本題正確答案是B項(xiàng)。

6.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)life表示“生活,生存”,B選項(xiàng)achievement表示“成就,完成”,C選項(xiàng)fortune表示“財(cái)富,命運(yùn),運(yùn)氣”,D選項(xiàng)subsistence表示“生活,生存”。his表明空缺處應(yīng)為名詞,并可與make構(gòu)成詞組。由上下文推斷可知Hilton的朋友建議他去Texas“謀發(fā)展”,因此fortune最符合語義,makeone’sfortune可表示“發(fā)財(cái),發(fā)跡,尋求致富之路”。故本題正確答案為C。

7.考查謂語動詞??杖辈糠謶?yīng)為when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語。A選項(xiàng)worse表示“更壞,更糟”,B選項(xiàng)soured表示“使變糟,使變壞”,C選項(xiàng)soared表示“飆升,驟然上升”,D選項(xiàng)unstable表示“動蕩的,不穩(wěn)定的”。由后文提到的Hilton從銀行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)向酒店業(yè)可以推斷,當(dāng)時(shí)他銀行的生意“沒能成功”,因此soured最符合句意,故本題正確答案是B項(xiàng)。

8.考查動詞辨析??杖碧帒?yīng)填入動詞過去式作句子謂語,并需與介詞to搭配。句中It指Mobley酒店,根據(jù)句意可推斷這間酒店專門為油田工人“提供服務(wù)”。A選項(xiàng)catered表示“滿足需要,提供飲食及服務(wù)”,B選項(xiàng)provided表示“提供,給予”,C選項(xiàng)led表示“領(lǐng)導(dǎo),通向,指引”,D選項(xiàng)granted表示“承認(rèn),同意”。caterto可表示“迎合……的需求,為……服務(wù)”。因此A選項(xiàng)更符合題意。

9.考查形容詞辨析。原句意思是“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)酒店專門給油田工人服務(wù),所以這40個(gè)房間每隔8小時(shí)就會換一批客人住”。表示“每隔……”、“每……”,要用“every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的every不能用each替代。因此本題正確答案是A。

10.考查形容詞辨析??杖碧帒?yīng)為定語修飾nightclubs。A選項(xiàng)shabby表示“破舊的”,B選項(xiàng)decorated表示“裝飾的,修飾的”,C選項(xiàng)vacant表示“空的,空閑的”,D選項(xiàng)luxurious表示“奢侈的,奢華的”。從后面的A-liststars(一線明星)可知Hilton所開辦的nightclub是“高檔的,豪華的”,因此選用luxurious更恰當(dāng)。故本題正確答案選D。

11.考查非謂語動詞。動詞feature表示“以……為特色”,與nightclub為主動關(guān)系,因此此處選擇現(xiàn)在分詞featuring作nightclub的定語,表示“以一線明星為特色的夜總會”,故本題正確答案為B。

12.考查形容詞辨析??杖彼诰淙鄙俦碚Z。由原文thefirst可知希爾頓連鎖酒店的房間最先配有空調(diào)、電視等設(shè)備,可見其創(chuàng)新性,因此creative(adj.創(chuàng)造性的)最符合句意。A選項(xiàng)optimistic表示“樂觀的”,B選項(xiàng)gifted表示“有天賦的,有才華的”,C選項(xiàng)incentive表示“激勵(lì)的,刺激的”。因此,本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

13.考查固定搭配。固定結(jié)構(gòu)thefirsttodo表示“第一個(gè)做某事”,A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不正確。因此本題正確答案為B。

14.考查形近詞詞義辨析。此處應(yīng)為過去式的動詞作謂語,且可與介詞from搭配。A選項(xiàng)evolved表示“逐漸形成,進(jìn)化,釋放”,B選項(xiàng)revolved表示“旋轉(zhuǎn),反復(fù)思考”,C選項(xiàng)involved表示“涉及,參與”,D選項(xiàng)resolved表示“解決,表決,分解”。even表示本句內(nèi)容是對上一句的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充,依然闡述希爾頓連鎖酒店的創(chuàng)造性。詞組evolvefrom表示“由……進(jìn)化,來源于……”。句意:就連現(xiàn)代的酒店預(yù)訂系統(tǒng)也是來源于一間1948年創(chuàng)建的希爾頓酒店。故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

15.考查名詞辨析??杖碧巻卧~作own的賓語。A選項(xiàng)lobbies表示“大堂”,B選項(xiàng)terraces表示“露臺,梯田”,C選項(xiàng)properties表示“資產(chǎn),財(cái)產(chǎn)”,D選項(xiàng)balconies表示“陽臺,露臺,(劇院)包廂”。文章最后一段對希爾頓酒店的發(fā)展作了總結(jié),指出希爾頓酒店集團(tuán)擁有多少資產(chǎn),因此properties“財(cái)產(chǎn)”最符合句意,故本題正確答案為C。

4.單選題

TheBritishhistorianNiallFergusonspeculatedthattheendofAmerican_______mightnotfuelanorderlyshifttoamultipolarsystem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.domain

B.hegemony

C.sovereignty

D.preference

【答案】B

【解析】domain領(lǐng)地,領(lǐng)域;hegemony霸權(quán);sovereignty主權(quán),君主;preference偏愛,優(yōu)先權(quán)。句意:英國歷史學(xué)家NiallFerguson推測,美國霸權(quán)主義的終結(jié)可能不會推動美國向多極體系的有序轉(zhuǎn)變。

選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.問答題

The(A)fantasticachievementsofmoderntechnologyandthespeed(B)withwhichscientificdiscoveriesare(C)translatedintotechnologicalapplications(D)attesttothetriumphofhumanefforts.

【答案】B;“with”改為“at”。

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的驚人成就和科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為技術(shù)應(yīng)用的速度證明了人類努力的勝利。句中“withwhich”引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞“speed”,因?yàn)橛泄潭ù钆洹癮tthespeed”表示“以……的速度”,所以將B項(xiàng)的介詞“with”改為“at”。

6.單選題

Inmostcasesimpoverishedmothershavesymptomsofanxietybecauseofthe(

)theymustcopewithintheirdailylives,ratherthanbecauseoftruementalhealthissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversity

B.substance

C.depletion

D.trauma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。adversity意為“困境,不幸”;substance意為“物質(zhì),材料”;depletion意為“消耗,用盡”;trauma意為“創(chuàng)傷”。

句意:在大多數(shù)情況下,貧困的母親有焦慮的癥狀,因?yàn)樗麄儽仨殤?yīng)對日常生活中的不幸,而不是因?yàn)檎嬲男睦斫】祮栴}。

7.單選題

TeadinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardabouttea.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Theysoondiscoveredtheirmistakebutmanypeopleusedtospreadtheusedtealeavesonbreadandgivethemtotheirchildrenassandwiches.

TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.

AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneveragaindrinkitwithoutmilk.Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,sotheyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.

Atfirst,teawasusuallydrunkafterdinnerintheevening.Nooneeverthoughtofdrinkingteaintheafternoonuntiladuchessfoundthatacupofteaandapieceofcakeatthreeorfouro’clockstoppedhergettingasinkingfeelingasshecalledit.Sheinvitedherfriendstohavethisnewmealwithher,andtea-timewasborn.

1.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheintroductionofteaintoBritain?

2.Thispassagemainlydiscusses____________.

3.TeabecameapopulardrinkinBritain____________.

4.PeopleinEuropebegantodrinkteawithmilkbecause____________.

5.WemayinferfromthepassagethatthehabitofdrinkingteainBritainwasmostlyduetotheinfluenceof____________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheBritonsgotexpensiveteafromIndia.

B.TeareachedBritainfromHolland.

C.TheBritonswerethefirstpeopleinEuropewhodranktea.

D.Itwasnotuntilthe17thcenturythattheBritonshadtea.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thehistoryofteadrinkinginBritain

B.howteabecameapopulardrinkwithmilk

C.howaduchessgotthehabitofdrinkingteaintheafternoon

D.howtea-timewasborn

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ineighteenthcentury

B.insixteenthcentury

C.inseventeenthcentury

D.inthelateseventeenthcentury

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ittastedlikemilk

B.ittastedmorepleasant

C.itbecameapopulardrink

D.MadamedeSevignewasinfluential

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.afamousFrenchlady

B.theancientChinese

C.theuppersocialclass

D.peopleinHolland

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第一段第三句ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHolland(在商店里買不到茶,有的人讓人從荷蘭寄來茶),可知B選項(xiàng)“茶葉是從荷蘭傳入英國的”正確。根據(jù)第二段第一句TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.(在17世紀(jì)早期東印度公司的船只開始直接從中國運(yùn)茶之前,茶葉在英國一直稀缺且非常昂貴。),可知A選項(xiàng)“英國人從印度買到昂貴的茶葉”錯(cuò)誤;在這之前英國人從荷蘭賣茶,故D選項(xiàng)“直到17世紀(jì),英國人才開始喝茶”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“英國人是最先在歐洲喝茶的人”:文章沒有提到在歐洲沒有提到哪個(gè)國家最先喝茶,故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨大意題。根據(jù)整篇文章從英國從古至今在各個(gè)時(shí)期不同茶的來源方式、飲茶方式和習(xí)慣等,可知這篇文章在講英國飲茶的歷史,故A選項(xiàng)“英國飲茶的歷史”正確。B選項(xiàng)“茶如何和牛奶一起成為一種受歡迎的飲料”,C選項(xiàng)“公爵夫人是如何養(yǎng)成下午喝茶的習(xí)慣的”和D選項(xiàng)“下午茶是如何誕生的”是其中一部分內(nèi)容,故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段intheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.(17世紀(jì)早期,在接下來的幾年里,大量茶葉流入這個(gè)國家,導(dǎo)致價(jià)格下降,許多人買得起。),可知在17世紀(jì)早期,茶在英國受歡迎,故C選項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“18世紀(jì)”,B選項(xiàng)“16世紀(jì)”和D選項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)后期”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第三段第二、四、五句Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded…Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid…SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEngland.(在那之前,人們喝茶不加牛奶,直到一位名叫塞維尼夫人的法國著名女士決定看看牛奶加茶是什么味道。因?yàn)樗侨绱藗ゴ蟮囊晃慌浚呐笥褌冋J(rèn)為她們必須模仿她所做的一切……慢慢地,這個(gè)習(xí)慣傳到了英國),可知是因?yàn)槿S尼夫人的影響人們開始喝茶加奶,故D選項(xiàng)“塞維尼夫人很有影響力”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它嘗起來像牛奶”和B選項(xiàng)“它嘗起來更美味”:奶加上茶的口感是歐洲人持續(xù)這樣喝的原因,故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“它成為了一種受歡迎的飲料”:這是歐洲人喝茶加奶的結(jié)果,故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第五句SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.(慢慢地,這個(gè)習(xí)慣傳到了英國,直到今天,只有很少的英國人喝茶不加牛奶。),可知英國喝茶主要受法國影響,法國主要受塞維尼夫人影響,故A選項(xiàng)“著名的法國女士”正確。B選項(xiàng)“古代中國”:文中只說歐洲對茶的了解慢于中國,沒有提到古代中國和英國人喝茶的因果關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)“上層階級”:沒有提到塞維尼夫人是什么階層,其他地方也沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)上層階級。D選項(xiàng)“荷蘭人”:最初英國從荷蘭買茶,跟喝茶習(xí)慣沒有直接因果關(guān)系。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

TheAleuts,residingonseveralislandsoftheAleutianChain,thePribilofIslands,andtheAlaskanPeninsula,havepossessedawrittenlanguagesince1825,whentheRussianmissionaryIvanVeniaminovselectedappropriateoftheCyrillicalphabettorepresentAleutspeechsounds,recordedthemainbodyofAleutvocabulary,andformulatedgrammaticalrules.TheCzaristRussianconquestoftheproud,independentseahunterswassodevastatinglythoroughthattribaltraditions,eventribalmemories,werealmostdestroyed.Thebrutalkillingofthemajorityofanadultgenerationwassufficienttodestroythecontinuityoftribalknowledge,whichwasdependentuponoraltransmission.Asaconsequence,theAleutsdevelopedapassionatedevotiontotheirlanguageastheironlyculturalheritage.

TheRussianoccupationplacedaheavylinguisticburdenontheAleuts.NotonlyweretheycompelledtolearnRussiantoconversewiththeiroverseersandgovernors,buttheyhadtolearnOldSlavonictotakeanactivepartinchurchservicesaswellastomastertheskillofreadingandwritingtheirowntongue.In1867,whentheUnitedStatespurchasedAlaska,theAleutswereunabletobreaksharplywiththeirimmediatepastandsubstituteEnglishforanyoneoftheirthreelanguages.

TocommunicantsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurchknowledgeofSlavonicremainedvital,asdidRussian,thelanguageinwhichoneconversedwiththeclergy.TheAleutscametoregardEnglisheducationasadevicetowithdrawthemfromtheirreligiousfaith.TheintroductionofcompulsoryEnglishschoolingcausedaminorrebirthofRussiancultureastheAleutparentssoughttocounteracttheinfluenceoftheschoolroom.TheharshlifeoftheRussiancolonialrulebegantoappearmorehappyandbeautifulinretrospect.

RegulationsforbiddinginstructioninanylanguageotherthanEnglishincreaseditsunpopularity.ThesuperficialalphabeticalresemblanceofRussianandAleutlinkedthetwotonguessocloselythateveryrestrictionagainstteachingRussianwasinterpretedasanattempttoeradicatetheAleuttongue.Fromthewordingofmanyregulations,itappearsthatAmericanadministratorsoftenhadnottheslightestideathattheAleutsweresecretlyreadingandwritingtheirowntongueorevenhadwrittenlanguageoftheirown.Totoomanyofficials,anythinginCyrillicletterswasRussianandsomethingtobestampedout.BitternessbredbyabusesandtheexploitationstheAleutssufferedfrompredatoryAmericantradersandadventurerskeptalivetheAleutresentmentagainstthelanguagespokenbyAmericans.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithdescribing(

).

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasthemostimportantreasonfortheAleuts’devotiontotheirlanguage?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthe“threelanguages”mentionedattheendofParagraphTwo?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthereligiousbeliefsoftheAleutscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.WhichlanguagewasneededwiththeRussianOrthodoxChurch?

6.Thepassageshowsthatitissometimesdifficulttoidentifythedifferencesbetween

).

7.Thepassageisdevelopedprimarilyby(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americangovernment’sattemptstopersuadetheAleutstouseEnglishasasecondlanguage.

B.theAleut’sloyaltytotheirlanguageandtheAmericans’failuretounderstandit.

C.howtheRussianoccupationofAlaskacreatedawrittenlanguagefortheAleuts.

D.thetreatmentofAlaskaninhabitantsbyRussianandtheU.S.beforeandafter1867.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theinventionofawrittenversionoftheirlanguage.

B.Thedestructionoftheiroraltransmissionoftribalknowledge.

C.TheintroductionofOldSlavonicorworship.

D.TheirdevotiontotheRussianOrthodoxChurch.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Russian

B.OldSlavonic

C.TheAleuttongue

D.Thelanguagetaughtatschoolsince1867.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.PriortotheRussianoccupationtheyhadnoreligiousbeliefs.

B.Americantradersandadventuresforcedthemtoabandonallreligiousbeliefs.

C.AtnotimeintheirhistoryhavetheAleutshadanorganizedreligion.

D.TheRussiansforcedAleutstobecomemembersoftheRussianOrthodoxChurch

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.English

B.Cyrillic

C.Aleut

D.Slavonic

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.RussianandAleut.

B.BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.

C.RussiancolonialrulesandtheAmericanregulations.

D.theAmericansandAleutsintermsofreligiousbeliefs.

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.testingtheevidencesupportingatheory

B.weighingtheprosandconsofaplan

C.debatingaboutamoralissue

D.describingcausesandeffectsofevents

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文主要描述的是俄國統(tǒng)治時(shí)期和1867年美國管理阿拉斯加后,阿留申人的遭遇,其內(nèi)容是從語言方面展開的。A選項(xiàng)“美國政府試圖說服阿留申人把英語作為第二語言”只表達(dá)了美國管理阿拉斯加的一個(gè)方面;B選項(xiàng)“阿留申人忠于自己的語言,而美國人卻不懂”前半句符合文意,但后半句在本文中并未提及;C選項(xiàng)“俄羅斯占領(lǐng)阿拉斯加為阿留申人創(chuàng)造了一種書面語言”也只表述了俄羅斯統(tǒng)治阿拉斯加的這一部分內(nèi)容;D選項(xiàng)“美國和俄國在1867年前后對待阿拉斯加居民的方式”概括了本文內(nèi)容,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。本題需要找出阿留申人熱愛自己語言的原因。本文第一段最后兩句提到“Thebrutalkillingofthemajorityofanadultgenerationwassufficienttodestroythecontinuityoftribalknowledge,whichwasdependentuponoraltransmission.Asaconsequence,theAleutsdevelopedapassionatedevotiontotheirlanguageastheironlyculturalheritage.(俄國)對大部分成年阿留申人的屠殺導(dǎo)致依靠口口相傳的部落只是的消失。因此,阿留申人把他們的語言視作唯一的文化遺產(chǎn),且十分熱愛自己的語言?!币虼薆選項(xiàng)“他們口頭傳播的部落知識被破壞”符合文意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由排除法可知,第二句中提到了Russian俄語和OldSlavonic古斯拉夫語,第三句提到了1867年后學(xué)校里教授的English,因此唯一沒有提到的是C選項(xiàng)“阿留申語”。

4.判斷推理題。題干關(guān)鍵詞thereligiousbelief“宗教信仰”并未直接出現(xiàn)在本文中,但仔細(xì)瀏覽可發(fā)現(xiàn)與宗教相關(guān)詞匯。第二段中提到“theyhadtolearnOldSlavonictotakeanactivepartinchurchservicesaswellastomastertheskillofreadingandwritingtheirowntongue他們必須學(xué)習(xí)古斯拉夫語,積極參加教會活動,并掌握讀寫他們自己的語言的技能”,這里說的教會必然與俄羅斯相關(guān)。且第三段第一句就說到“TocommunicantsoftheRussianOrthodoxChurchknowledgeofSlavonicremainedvital,asdidRussian,thelanguageinwhichoneconversedwiththeclergy對俄國東正教會的信徒來說,斯拉夫語的知識仍然是至關(guān)重要的,同樣重要的還有與神職人員交談時(shí)使用的俄語”,由此可推知當(dāng)時(shí)阿留申人在被俄國統(tǒng)治時(shí),是被俄羅斯人強(qiáng)制要求成為俄國東正教教徒的。D選項(xiàng)“俄國人強(qiáng)迫阿留申成為俄國東正教的成員”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在俄國占領(lǐng)之前,他們沒有宗教信仰”在本文未提及之前是否有宗教信仰;B選項(xiàng)“美國商人和冒險(xiǎn)家迫使他們放棄所有的宗教信仰”同樣也沒有在文章中直接提及;C選項(xiàng)“阿留申人在歷史上從未有過一個(gè)有組織的宗教”與上述文意相悖,明顯曾在一段時(shí)間內(nèi),阿留申人是俄國東正教教徒的。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。接上題分析,第二段與第三段中均提到,在俄國東正教中,需要使用斯拉夫語。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.判斷推理題。本體需要找的是兩個(gè)同類相似事物間的比較。文章最后一段第二句說到“ThesuperficialalphabeticalresemblanceofRussianandAleutlinkedthetwotonguessocloselythateveryrestrictionagainstteachingRussianwasinterpretedasanattempttoeradicatetheAleuttongue.俄語和阿留申語表面上按字母順序相似,卻把這兩種語言聯(lián)系得如此緊密,以至于任何對俄語教學(xué)的限制都被理解為試圖根除阿留申語?!币虼讼嗨频氖嵌砹_斯語和阿留申語。A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.主旨大意題。本題偏向文章結(jié)構(gòu),需要找出作者的寫作思路或文章線索。在第一題的分析中就提到,本文主要講述俄國和美國統(tǒng)治時(shí)期,阿拉斯加的阿留申人的遭遇,其中主要講述了語言方面的發(fā)展歷程,在這個(gè)過程中阿留申人變得熱愛自己的語言。因此也就是描述不同統(tǒng)治時(shí)期的政策及其結(jié)果,D選項(xiàng)“描述事件的原因和結(jié)果”符合題意。

9.單選題

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。inundation“洪水”;A選項(xiàng)muchinconvenience“很多不便”;B選項(xiàng)seriousconcern“高度關(guān)注”;C選項(xiàng)overflowofwater“水的泛濫”;D選項(xiàng)humanmisery“人類的苦難”。句意:暴雨在整個(gè)國家造成洪水和很多損毀。由題干中的“Heavyrains暴雨”可推知inundation在這里有“洪水”的意思,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

如果使用得當(dāng),恐懼和與之相伴的痛苦是人類和動物擁有的最有用的兩樣?xùn)|西。如果火燒到時(shí)不會疼痛,孩子們會一直玩火直到燒掉雙手。同樣地,如果只有痛苦而沒有恐懼,一個(gè)孩子會一次又一次地用火燒自己,因?yàn)榭謶植粫嫠h(yuǎn)離曾經(jīng)燒到他的火。一個(gè)真正無畏的士兵——的確存在這樣的人——不是一個(gè)好士兵,因?yàn)樗芸炀蜁粴⑺?。而一個(gè)死掉的士兵對他的軍隊(duì)沒有任何用處。所以恐懼和痛苦是兩位保鏢,人類和動物沒有它們就會很快滅亡。重要的不是讓恐懼控制你,而是要用恐懼來做你的仆人和向?qū)А?/p>

【答案】Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossessiftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnthechildtokeepawayfromthefirethathadburnthimorherbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldier—andsomedoexist—isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.

11.單選題

Ifthepopulationkeepsongrowing,therewilleventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheearth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maintain

B.pertain

C.retain

D.continue

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。sustain表示“維持”;A項(xiàng)maintain“主張,維持,繼續(xù)”,B項(xiàng)pertain“適合,從屬”,C項(xiàng)retain“保持,記住”,D項(xiàng)continue“繼續(xù),延續(xù)”。句意:如果人口繼續(xù)增長,最終將沒有足夠的資源來維持地球上的生命。根據(jù)句意可知,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitalltoomonkey,aswell.

Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theygood-natured,co-operativecreaturesandtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.dewaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbecamemarkedlydifferent.

Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumber).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytocatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemaleCapuchin.

Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,arcguidedbysocialemotions,inthewild,theyareacooperative,grouplivingspecie.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.

1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby(

).

2.Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,paragraph1)impliesthat(

).

3.Femalecapuchinmonkeyswerechosenfortheresearchmostprobablybecausethey

).

4.Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys

).

5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.posingacontrast

B.justifyinganassumption

C.makingacomparison

D.explainingaphenomenon

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivals

B.resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeys’nature

C.monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother

D.noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget

B.attentivetoresearcher’instructions

C.niceinbothappearanceandtemperament

D.moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.prefergrapestocucumbers

B.canbetaughttoexchangethings

C.willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheated

D.areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.

B.Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.

C.Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.

D.Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段提到每個(gè)人都希望加薪,但是當(dāng)知曉別人加的工資比自己要多時(shí)愉悅感消失殆盡(Yetpleasureyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone)。隨后又提到這種心理在猴子中也存在(suggeststhatitalltoomonkey,aswell)??芍诖颂幾髡呤菍⑷祟惻c猴子進(jìn)行對比,因此選項(xiàng)C“做比較”符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。題目問的是“第一段最后一句‘猴之常情’暗示著什么”。第一段提到當(dāng)人發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)比自己加薪多的人消極怠工時(shí),會感到憤怒(Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged),這種行為被認(rèn)為是“人之常情”(alltooman),在猴子的世界里也是如此,說明猴子看到不公平的事情時(shí)也會憤怒,這是天性。因此,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到跟人類女性一樣,它們比雄性更關(guān)注“品質(zhì)與服務(wù)”的價(jià)值(Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales),這也是它們成為研究對象的原因。因此,選項(xiàng)A“更傾向于它們得到了什么”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一段第二句話提到穩(wěn)定合作只有在它們覺得自己沒被欺騙才會出現(xiàn)(Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated),所以選項(xiàng)C“當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)被欺騙這種合作會破裂”符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一段最后一句話提到這種公平感是卷尾猴和人類各自演化而來還是來自3500萬年前他們共同的祖先,這個(gè)問題暫時(shí)還沒有答案(However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion),選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Thestatisticalfiguresinthatreportarenot().Youshouldnotrefertothem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accurate

B.fixed

C.delicate

D.rigid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。accurate“精確的”;fixed“確定的,固執(zhí)的”;delicate“微妙的,精美的”;rigid“嚴(yán)格的,僵硬的”。句意:那份報(bào)告中的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字是不精確的,你不應(yīng)該參考它們。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

ReadthefollowingResearchFundingOpportunities.

DepartmentofAgricultureAgricultureandFoodResearchInitiativeCompetitiveGrantsProgram(AFRI)

Deadline:variesbyprogramarea

Synopsis:TheFoodandAgriculturalScienceEnhancement(FASE)Grantscomponentofthisprogramincludesfundingfornewinvestigators.Anewinvestigatorisdefinedasanindividualwhoisbeginninghis/hercareer,doesnothaveanextensivescientificpublicationrecord,andhaslessthanfouryearspostgraduate,career-trackexperience.ThenewinvestigatormaynothavereceivedcompetitivelyawardedFederalresearchfundswiththeexceptionofpre-orpostdoctoralresearchgrantsorUSDANRIorAFRISeedGrants.

DepartmentofDefenseYoungInvestigatorProgram,OfficeofNavalResearch(YIP)

Deadline:earlyJanuary

Synopsis:TheprogramsupportsacademicscientistsandengineerswhohavereceivedPh.D.orequivalentdegreeswithinthelastsixyears.TheobjectivesaretoattractoutstandingfacultymemberstotheDepartmentoftheNavy’sresearchprogram,tosupporttheirresearch,andtoencouragetheirteachingandresearchcareers.Proposalsmayrequestupto$170,000peryearforthreeyears.ONRresearchareasareavailablehere.

NewInvestigatorAwards,CongressionallyDirectedMedicalResearchPrograms(CDMRP)

Deadline:variesbyprogram

Synopsis:Fundingprogramareasvaryandmayinclude:FoodAllergies,LungCancer,MultipleSclerosis,PeerReviewedCancer,Orthopaedic,SpinalCordInjury,AmyotrophicLateralSclerosis,Autism,BoneMarrowFailure,BreastCancer,DeploymentRelatedMedical,GulfWarIllness,Minority&UnderservedPopulations,Neurofibromatosis,OvarianCancer,PeerReviewedMedical,ProstateCancer,PsychologicalHealth/TraumaticBrainInjury,TuberousSclerosisComplex.Someoftheseprogramareas,suchasPee

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評論

0/150

提交評論