考研考博-英語-唐山工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-唐山工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Theintimacybetweenmanandnaturebeginswiththebirthofmanontheearthandbecomeseachcenturymoreintelligentandfar-reaching.Tonature,therefore,weturnastotheoldestaimmostinfluentialteacherofourrace,fromonepointofviewonceourtask-master,nowourservant,fromanotherpointofview,ourconstantfriendinstructorandinspirer.Theveryintimacyofthisrelationrobsitofacertainmysteryandrichnesswhichitwouldhaveforallmindsifitweretherewardofthefewinsteadbebeingtheprivilegeofthemany.Tothefewitisineveryage,fullofwonderandbeauty;tothemanyitisamatterofcourse.

【答案】從地球上出現(xiàn)人類開始，人與自然之間的親密關(guān)系也隨之誕生，而且不斷地被發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，這種關(guān)系每一世紀(jì)都比以前變得更為明智而深遠(yuǎn)。所以，我們求助于自然，并把自然視為人類的最年長和最有影響力的老師。從某一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)來看，自然曾一度是我們的監(jiān)工，現(xiàn)在卻變?yōu)槲覀兊呐?。但從另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)來看，自然一直是我們最忠實(shí)的朋友、教導(dǎo)者和啟發(fā)者。這種和諧緊密的關(guān)系，如果僅僅是少數(shù)人的特權(quán)，而大多數(shù)人并不能享有，那便會在人們心目中引發(fā)一種神秘和情趣。但是事實(shí)上，這種親密關(guān)系是被天下所有的人共享的，這就使那和諧緊密的關(guān)系失去了神秘和情趣。對于少數(shù)人來說，這種關(guān)系在每個(gè)時(shí)代都充滿了奇妙和美好；對于多數(shù)人來說，這種關(guān)系只是理所當(dāng)然的一件事。

2.單選題

Thereisnothingsecretaboutwhatwe’redoing;it’sallperfectly（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofsight

B.ontheair

C.onthehorizon

D.aboveboard

【答案】D

【解析】考察固定搭配。“outofsight”看不見；“ontheair”在播送；“onthehorizon”在地平線上，即將來臨的；“aboveboard”誠實(shí)的，光明正大的。句意：我們所做的事沒有任何秘密，完全都是光明正大的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.單選題

Whenthefirealarmrang,we（

）outsidetheemergencyexit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resembled

B.dissembled

C.assembled

D.scrambled

【答案】C

【解析】句意:當(dāng)火警響起時(shí)，我們在緊急出口外集合。

考查動詞辨析。Resemble看起來像,顯得像,像;dissemble掩蓋,掩飾(真實(shí)感情或意圖);assemble聚集,集合,收集;scramble(迅速而吃力地)爬,攀登,搶,搶占。故C符合句意。

4.單選題

IfMr.Bassettfailsagain,theopponentswilldriveahardbargainforcooperationwiththeUnion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discount

B.plunge

C.negotiation

D.registration

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。bargain表示“交易，便宜貨”；A項(xiàng)discount“折扣”，B項(xiàng)plunge“突然跌落，驟降”，C項(xiàng)negotiation“談判”，D項(xiàng)registration“登記，注冊”。句意：如果巴西特再次失敗，反對派將為與工會合作而討價(jià)還價(jià)。根據(jù)句意可知，只有C項(xiàng)意思與之相近，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Theremainingthreequartersofthepopulationwillincurmedicalbillsthatarelessthanwhattheypayforhealthinsurance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.receive

B.suffer

C.keep

D.make

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。incur在句中是“承受”，A選項(xiàng)receive“接受”；B選項(xiàng)suffer“遭受”；C選項(xiàng)keep“保持”；D選項(xiàng)make“制造，制作”。句意：剩下四分之三的人將遭受醫(yī)療費(fèi)用比他們所交的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)還要低的境遇。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Iwas（

）tostudyFrenchyesterday,butIchangedmymind.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobestarting

B.tostart

C.tohavestarted

D.tohavebeenstarting

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。was/weretohavedone表示“過去計(jì)劃打算做某事，結(jié)果卻沒做”，was/weretodo表示“過去計(jì)劃做某事”。由but后面的內(nèi)容可知此處表示“過去打算做而未做的事”，因此選C。

7.單選題

Thegeneralmanagerofourcompanyisagoodlistener.Healways（）ourproposalsenthusiastically.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takesin

B.takeson

C.takesup

D.takesto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)takesin“接受，吸收，領(lǐng)會，欺騙”；B選項(xiàng)takeson“承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，具有”；C選項(xiàng)takesup“拿起，開始從事，占據(jù)（時(shí)間，地方）”；D選項(xiàng)takesto“喜歡，走向”。句意：我們公司的總經(jīng)理是個(gè)善于傾聽的人。他總是熱情地（）我們的建議。根據(jù)題意，可以推測出，總經(jīng)理是個(gè)善于傾聽的人，所以他會熱情地接受我們的建議，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

ArecenthistoryoftheChicagomeat-packingindustryanditsworkersexamineshowtheindustrygrewfromitsappearanceinthe1830sthroughtheearly1890s.Meat-packers,theauthorargues,hadgoodwages,workingconditions,andprospectsforadvancementwithinthepacking-houses,anddidnotcooperatewithlaboragitatorssincelaborrelationsweresoharmonious.Becausethehistorymaintainsthatconditionswereabovestandardfortheera,thefrequencyoflabordisputes,especiallyinthemid-1880s,isnotaccountedfor.Theworkignoresthefactthatthe1880swerecrucialyearsinAmericanlaborhistory,andthatthepacking-houseworkers’effortswerepartofthenationalmovementforlaborreform.

Infact,otherhistoricalsourcesforthelate-nineteenthcenturyrecorddeterioratinghousingandhighdiseaseandinfantmortalityratesintheindustrialcommunity,duetolowwagesandunhealthyworkingconditions.AdditionaldatafromtheUniversityofChicagosuggestthatthepacking-housesweredangerousplacestowork.ThegovernmentinvestigationcommissionedbyPresidentTheodoreRooseveltwhicheventuallyledtotheadoptionofthe1906MeatInspectionActfoundthepacking-housesunsanitary,whilesocialworkersobservedthatmostoftheworkerswerepoorlypaidandoverworked.

Thehistorymaybetoooptimisticbecausemostofitsdatafromthe1880sandtheinformationprovidedfromthatdecadeareinsufficientlyanalyzed.Conditionsactuallydeclinedinthe1880sandcontinuedtodeclineafterthe1880s,duetoareorganizationofthepackingprocessandamassiveinfluxofunskilledworkers.Thedeteriorationinworkerstatus,partlyaresultofthenewavailabilityofunskilledandhencecheaplabor,isnotdiscussed.Thoughadetailedaccountofworkinthepacking-housesisattempted,theauthorfailstodistinguishbetweenthewagesandconditionsforskilledworkersandforthoseunskilledlaborerswhocomprisedthemajorityoftheindustry’sworkersfromthe1880son.Whileconditionsfortheformerwerearguablytolerableduetothestrategicimportanceofskilledworkersinthecomplicatedslaughtering,cutting,andpackingprocess(thoughworkercomplaintsabouttherateandconditionsofworkwerefrequent),payandconditionsforthelatterwerewretched.Theauthor’smisinterpretationoftheoriginsofthefeelingsthemeat-packershadfortheirindustrialneighborhoodmayaccountforthehistory’sfaultygeneralizations.

Theprideandcontentmenttheauthorremarksuponwere,arguably,lesstheproductsoftheindustrialworldofthepackers——thegiantyardsandtheintricateplantsthanoftheunityandvibrancy(活躍)oftheethnicculturesthatformedaviablecommunityonChicago’sSouthSide.Indeed,thestrengthofthiscommunitysucceededingeneratingasocialmovementthateffectivelyconfrontedtheproblemsoftheindustrythatprovideditslivelihood.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing（）.

2.Theauthorofthepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdescribingnegativeconditionsinthemeat-packingindustryEXCEPT（）.

3.Theauthorofthepassagementionsthe“socialmovement”(inthelastparagraph)generatedbyChicago’sSouthSidecommunityprimarilyinorderto（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,theworkingconditionsofskilledworkersinthemeat-packingindustryduringthe1880swereinfluencedby（）.

5.Theauthorofthepassageusesthesecondparagraphto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.howhistoriansoughttoexplaintheoriginsoftheconditionsintheChicagomeat-packingindustry

B.whyitisdifficulttodeterminetheactualnatureoftheconditionsintheChicagomeat-packingindustry

C.whyaparticularaccountoftheconditionsintheChicagomeat-packingindustryisinaccurate

D.whatoughttobeincludedinanyaccountoftheChicagomeat-packers’roleinthenationallabormovement

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.datafromtheUniversityofChicago

B.socialworkers

C.arecenthistoryofthemeat-packingindustry

D.historicalsourcesforthelatenineteenthcentury

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.informthereaderofeventsthatoccurredinthemeat-packingindustryaftertheperiodoftimecoveredbythehistory

B.introduceanewissuedesignedtoelaborateonthegoodrelationshipbetweenthemeat-packersandChicago’sethniccommunities

C.salvagethehistory’spointofviewbysuggestingthattherewerepositivedevelopmentsinthemeat-packingindustryduetoworkerunity

D.suggestthehistory’slimitationsbypointingoutasituationthatthehistoryfailedtoexplainadequately

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theworkers’determinedcomplaintsabouttherateandconditionsoftheirwork

B.theeffortsofsocialworkerstoimprovesanitationinthepacking-houses

C.theworkers’abilitytoperformtheindustry’scomplextasks

D.improvementsintheindustry’spackingprocessthatoccurredinthe1880s

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.summarizethemainpointofthehistorydiscussedinthepassage

B.explainwhythehistorydiscussedinthepassagehasbeendisparagedbycritics

C.evaluatethefindingsofrecentstudiesthatunderminethepremisesofthehistorydiscussedinthepassage

D.presentevidencethatisintendedtorefutetheargumentofthehistorydiscussedinthepassage

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一段指出:Theworkignoresthefactthatthe1880swerecrucialyearsinAmericanlaborhistory,andthatthepacking-houseworkers’effortswerepartofthenationalmovementforlaborreform(這個(gè)作品忽視了十九世紀(jì)八十年代是美國勞工歷史上重要時(shí)期的事實(shí)和肉類加工工人的努力是美國全國性勞工改革運(yùn)動的一部分)以及第三段指出:Theauthor’smisinterpretationoftheoriginsofthefeelingsthemeat-packershadfortheirindustrialneighborhoodmayaccountforthehistory’sfaultygeneralizations(作者對肉類加工商對其工業(yè)區(qū)的感受的起源的誤解，可能是歷史錯誤概括的原因)。因此該文章主要討論“為何有關(guān)芝加哥肉類加工業(yè)情況的敘述是錯誤的”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干問:本文作者提到以下所有描述肉類包裝行業(yè)負(fù)面狀況的內(nèi)容，除了…。A:來自芝加哥大學(xué)的資料,第二段指出:AdditionaldatafromtheUniversityofChicagosuggestthatthepacking-housesweredangerousplacestowork(來自芝加哥大學(xué)的附加資料表明肉類加工廠的工作環(huán)境是危險(xiǎn)的),因此A符合原文所述。B:社會工作者,由第二段中“whilesocialworkersobservedthatmostoftheworkerswerepoorlypaidandoverworked(與此同吋，社會工作者發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)工人收入非常差且工作過度)”可知B正確。C:肉類加工業(yè)的近代史,第一段指出:Meat-packers,theauthorargues,hadgoodwages,workingconditions,andprospectsforadvancementwithinthepacking-houses,anddidnotcooperatewithlaboragitatorssincelaborrelationsweresoharmonious(作者（即近代史的作者）辯稱，肉類加工工人的工資待遇、工資條件和發(fā)展前景都不錯，且肉類加工工人沒有與勞工糾紛鼓動者合作的原因是該行業(yè)的勞工關(guān)系非常和睦),因此C項(xiàng)錯誤。D:第二段指出:Infact,otherhistoricalsourcesforthelate-nineteenthcenturyrecorddeterioratinghousingandhighdiseaseandinfantmortalityratesintheindustrialcommunity,duetolowwagesandunhealthyworkingconditions(事實(shí)上，其它針對十九世紀(jì)晚期的歷史資料記錄了由于低工資和不健康的工作環(huán)境導(dǎo)致的工業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi)住房的不斷惡化、高患病率和嬰兒死率),由此可知D正確。因此本題選C。

3.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Theworkignoresthefactthatthe1880swerecrucialyearsinAmericanlaborhistory,andthatthepacking-houseworkers5effortswerepartofthenationalmovementforlaborreform(這個(gè)作品忽視了十九世紀(jì)八十年代是美國勞工歷史上重要吋期的這個(gè)事實(shí)和肉類加工工人的努力是美國全國性勞工改革運(yùn)動的一部分),故選D“通過指出這段歷史記錄未能適當(dāng)?shù)亟忉尩囊环N情況表現(xiàn)這段歷史記錄的局限性”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Whileconditionsfortheformerwerearguablytolerableduetothestrategicimportanceofskilledworkersinthecomplicatedslaughtering,cutting,andpackingprocess（thoughworkercomplaintsabouttherateandconditionsofworkwerefrequent）,payandconditionsforthelatterwerewretched(雖然前者（即有技能的肉類加工工人）的狀況因其在復(fù)雜的屠宰、切割和包裝步驟中的關(guān)鍵重要性可能是可容忍的（盡管工人經(jīng)常抱怨工作的速度和條件），但是后者的（即沒有技能的肉類加工工人）的收入和狀況卻是無法容忍的),因此C項(xiàng)“這些工人去履行這個(gè)行業(yè)復(fù)雜工作的能力”正確。

5.判斷推理題。第一段首先指出近代史的作者辯稱，肉類加工工人的工資待遇、工資條件和發(fā)展前景都不錯，且肉類加工工人沒有與勞工糾紛鼓動者合作的原因是該行業(yè)的勞工關(guān)系非常和睦。第二段說:Infact,otherhistoricalsourcesforthelate-nineteenthcenturyrecorddeterioratinghousingandhighdiseaseandinfantmortalityratesintheindustrialcommunity,duetolowwagesandunhealthyworkingconditions.AdditionaldatafromtheUniversityofChicagosuggestthatthepacking-housesweredangerousplacestowork(事實(shí)上，其它針對十九世紀(jì)晚期的歷史資料記錄了由于低工資和不健康的工作環(huán)境導(dǎo)致的工業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi)住房的不斷惡化、高患病率和嬰兒死亡率。來自芝加哥大學(xué)的附加資料暗示肉類加工廠的工作環(huán)境是危險(xiǎn)的),由此看出第二段是對第一段內(nèi)容的反駁。故選D“提出證據(jù)來反駁文中討論的這段歷史記錄的論據(jù)”。

9.單選題

Whichissafer-stayingathome,travelingtoworkonpublictransport,orworkingintheoffice?Surprisingly,eachofthesecarriesthesamerisk,whichisverylow.However,whataboutflyingcomparedtoworkinginthechemicalindustry?Unfortunately,theformeris65timesriskierthanthelatter!Infact,theaccidentrateofworkersinthechemicalindustryislessthanthatofalmostanyofhumanactivity,andalmostassafeasstayingathome.

Thetroublewiththechemicalindustryisthatwhenthingsgowrongtheyoftencausedeathtothoselivingnearby.Itisthiswhichmakeschemicalaccidentssonewsworthy.Fortunately,theyareextremelyrare.ThemostfamousoneshappenedatTexasCity(1947),Flixborough(1974),Seveso(1976),Pemex(1984)andBhopal(1984).

Someofthesearealwaysinthemindsofthepeopleeventhoughthelossoflifewassmall.NoonediedatSeveso,andonly28workersatFlixborough.TheworstaccidentofallwasBhopal,whereupto3,000werekilled.TheTexasCityexplosionoffertilizerkilled552.ThePemexfireatastorageplantfornaturalgasinthesuburbsofMexicoCitytook542lives,justamonthbeforetheunfortunateeventatBhopal.

Someexpertshavediscussedtheseaccidentsandusedeachaccidenttoillustrateaparticulardanger.ThustheTexasCityexplosionwascausedbytonsofammoniumnitrate(硝酸銨),whichissafeunlessstoredingreatquantity.TheFlixboroughfireballwasthefaultofmanagement,whichtookriskstokeepproductiongoingduringessentialrepairs.TheSevesoaccidentshowswhathappensifthelocalauthoritieslackknowledgeofthedangerontheirdoorstep.Whenthepoisonousgasdriftedoverthetown,localleaderswereincapableoftakingeffectiveaction.ThePemexfirewasmadeworsebyanoverloadedsiteinanovercrowdedsuburb.Thefiresetoffachainreactiononexplodingstoragetanks.Yet,byamiracle,thetwolargesttanksdidnotexplode.Hadthesecaughtfire,then3,000strongrescueteamandfirefighterswouldallhavedied.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

2.Chemicalaccidentsareusuallyimportantenoughtobereportedasnewsbecause（）.

3.Accordingtopassage,thechemicalaccidentthatcausedbythefaultofmanagementhappenedat（）.

4.Fromthepassageweknowthatammoniumnitrateisakindof（）.

5.Fromthediscussionamongsomeexpertswemayconcludethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Workingattheofficeissaferthanstayingathome.

B.Travellingtoworkonpublictransportissaferthanworkingattheoffice.

C.Stayingathomeissaferthanworkinginthechemicalindustry.

D.Workinginthechemicalindustryissaferthantravelingbyair.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyareveryrare

B.theyoftencauselossoflife

C.theyalwaysoccurinbigcities

D.theyarousetheinterestofallthereaders

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Texascity

B.Flixborough

C.Seveso

D.MexicoCity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.naturalgas,whichcaneasilycatchfire

B.fertilizer,whichcan’tbestoredinagreatquantity

C.poisonoussubstance,whichcan’tbeusedinovercrowdedareas

D.fuel,whichisstoredinlargetanks

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.toavoidanyaccidentsweshouldnotrepairthefacilitiesinchemicalindustry

B.thelocalauthoritiesshouldnotbeconcernedwiththeproductionofthechemicalindustry

C.alltheseaccidentscouldhavebeenavoidedorcontrolledifeffectivemeasurehadbeentaken

D.naturalgasstoredinverylargetanksisalwayssafe

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“chemicalindustry”可以定位到文章第一段第三、四句However,whataboutflyingcomparedtoworkinginthechemicalindustry?Unfortunately,theformeris65timesriskierthanthelatter!（然而，坐飛機(jī)和在化工行業(yè)工作相比怎么樣呢？不幸的是，前者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是后者的55倍！），說明在化工行業(yè)工作比坐飛機(jī)更安全。因此D選項(xiàng)“在化工行業(yè)工作比坐飛機(jī)更安全?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“在辦公室工作比待在家里更安全”，B選項(xiàng)“乘公共交通工具去上班比在辦公室工作更安全”，由原文可知待在家里、乘坐公共交通工具上班和在辦公室工作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是相同的，沒有誰比誰更安全，所以A，B錯誤。由第一段最后一句theaccidentrateofworkersinthechemicalindustryislessthanthatofalmostanyofhumanactivity,andalmostassafeasstayingathome（化工行業(yè)工人的事故率比幾乎任何人類活動都要低，幾乎和待在家里一樣安全），說明化工行業(yè)和待在家里一樣安全，所以C選項(xiàng)“待在家里比在化工行業(yè)工作更安全”錯誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“reportedasnews”可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句Thetroublewiththechemicalindustryisthatwhenthingsgowrongtheyoftencausedeathtothoselivingnearby.Itisthiswhichmakeschemicalaccidentssonewsworthy.（化工行業(yè)的問題是，一旦出現(xiàn)問題，往往會導(dǎo)致附近居民死亡。這也使得化學(xué)事故具有新聞價(jià)值。），說明新聞報(bào)道化學(xué)事故是因?yàn)樗鼈儠?dǎo)致人員死亡。因此B選項(xiàng)“它們經(jīng)常造成生命損失”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們非常罕見”，C選項(xiàng)“它們總是發(fā)生在大城市”和D選項(xiàng)“它們引起了所有讀者的興趣”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“faultofmanagement”可以定位到文章第四段第三句TheFlixboroughfireballwasthefaultofmanagement,whichtookriskstokeepproductiongoingduringessentialrepairs.（弗利克斯伯勒的火災(zāi)是管理層的失誤造成的，因?yàn)樗麄兠爸L(fēng)險(xiǎn)在重要維修期間繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。），說明由管理失誤造成的化學(xué)事故發(fā)生在弗利克斯伯勒。因此B選項(xiàng)“弗利克斯伯勒”正確。A選項(xiàng)“得克薩斯城”，C選項(xiàng)“塞維索”和D選項(xiàng)“墨西哥城”的事故不是因?yàn)楣芾硎д`造成的，所以A，C，D錯誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“ammoniumnitrate”可以定位到文章第四段第二句ThustheTexasCityexplosionwascausedbytonsofammoniumnitrate,whichissafeunlessstoredingreatquantity.（因此，得克薩斯城的爆炸是由數(shù)噸硝酸銨引起的，大量儲存硝酸銨是不安全的。），說明硝酸銨不能大量儲存，另外文章第三段第四句TheTexasCityexplosionoffertilizerkilled552.（得克薩斯城的肥料爆炸造成552人死亡。）說明造成得克薩斯城爆炸事故的硝酸銨是一種肥料。因此B選項(xiàng)“不能大量儲存的化學(xué)肥料”正確。A選項(xiàng)“天然氣，很容易著火”是墨西哥城火災(zāi)事故的原因，C選項(xiàng)“有毒物質(zhì)，不能在人滿為患地區(qū)使用”，由文章可知塞維索的事故是毒氣造成的，D選項(xiàng)“燃料，它被儲存在大的油箱里”在文中沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯誤。

5.推理判斷題。由A選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“repair”可以定位到文章第四段第三句TheFlixboroughfireballwasthefaultofmanagement,whichtookriskstokeepproductiongoingduringessentialrepairs.（弗利克斯伯勒的火災(zāi)是管理層的失誤造成的，因?yàn)樗麄兠爸L(fēng)險(xiǎn)在重要維修期間繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。），說明維修設(shè)備很重要，不能冒著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在維修設(shè)備時(shí)繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)。因此A選項(xiàng)“為了避免事故，我們不應(yīng)該維修化工設(shè)施”錯誤。由B選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)ocalauthorities”可以定位到文章第四段第四、五句TheSevesoaccidentshowswhathappensifthelocalauthoritieslackknowledgeofthedangerontheirdoorstep.Whenthepoisonousgasdriftedoverthetown,localleaderswereincapableoftakingeffectiveaction.（塞維索事故表明，如果地方當(dāng)局對其家門口的危險(xiǎn)缺乏了解，將會發(fā)生什么。當(dāng)毒氣飄過城鎮(zhèn)上空時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)仡I(lǐng)導(dǎo)無法采取有效行動。），說明地方當(dāng)局需要了解當(dāng)?shù)鼗どa(chǎn)的情況。因此B選項(xiàng)“地方當(dāng)局不應(yīng)關(guān)心化學(xué)工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)”錯誤。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“tanks”可以定位到第四段倒數(shù)第三句Thefiresetoffachainreactiononexplodingstoragetanks.（大火引起儲存罐爆炸的連鎖反應(yīng)。），說明儲存罐里的天然氣也會發(fā)生氣體爆炸的事故。因此D選項(xiàng)“儲存在大型儲罐中的天然氣總是安全的”錯誤。第四段列舉了各種原因引發(fā)的事故，同時(shí)也相對應(yīng)采取的措施，因此C選項(xiàng)“如果采取有效措施，所有這些事故都是可以避免或控制的”正確。

10.單選題

Itisapopular______thatmoneyalwaysbringshappiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fallacy

B.creed

C.moral

D.allegory

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)fallacy“謬論，謬誤”，B項(xiàng)creed“信條，教義”，C項(xiàng)moral“道德，寓意”，D項(xiàng)allegory“寓言”。根據(jù)句子可知空格處要填入一個(gè)名詞作表語，且后面的that引導(dǎo)同位語對空格處補(bǔ)充說明；根據(jù)that從句的意思“金錢總能帶來幸?！笨芍?，空格部分填入fallacy符合語境。句意：認(rèn)為金錢總能帶來幸福是一種流行的謬論。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thestudent,（）atthewaythequestionwasputforward,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosurprise

B.surprised

C.surprising

D.tobesurprised

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。主語“thestudent”和動詞“surprise”之間是被動關(guān)系，所以本題應(yīng)該選B選項(xiàng)：surprised。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生對問題提出的方式感到驚訝，不知道如何回答。綜上所述，B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.翻譯題

在得病以前,我受父母寵愛,在家中橫行霸道,一旦隔離,拘禁在花園山坡上一幢小房子里,我頓感被打入冷宮,十分郁郁不得志起來。一個(gè)春天的傍晚,園中百花怒放,父母在園中設(shè)宴,霎時(shí)賓客云集,笑語四溢。我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗簾,窺見園中大千世界一片繁華。自己的哥姐、堂表弟兄也穿插其間,個(gè)個(gè)喜氣洋洋。一霎時(shí),一陣被人摒棄、為世所遺忘的悲憤兜上心頭,禁不住痛哭起來。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Beforebeinginillness,Ihadbeenaspoiledchildofmyparents,playingthebullyathome.Oncebeingisolated,detainedinasmallhouseontheslopeofthegarden,IsuddenlyfeltthatIwasoutoffavorandinadoghouse,andthenfeltverymelancholyfrustrated.Onespringevening,inthegardenwithflowersbeinginfullbloom,parentswerehostingafeast,forthatmoment,aconsiderablenumberofguestsgathered,laughingandchattinghappilyaway.Inthehillsidesmallhouse,Iquietlyliftedthecurtain,catchingaglimpseofaprosperouscosmos.Myeldersistersandbrothersandcousinbrotherswerealsoamongthem,everyonetreadingonair.SuddenlyIhadatwingeofbeingabandonedandforgottenbypeople,andcouldn'thelpmyselffromcrying.

13.單選題

Thisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportant（）ofAmericanlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facets

B.formats

C.formulas

D.fashions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)facets“方面”；B選項(xiàng)formats“構(gòu)成”；C選項(xiàng)formulas“方案”；D選項(xiàng)fashions“風(fēng)尚”。句意：這本書是關(guān)于這些基本信念和價(jià)值觀如何影響美國生活的重要方面。本句表示美國生活的重要方面。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

However,thevillagersdidnot（

）themthebestoutofthingstoentertainusinthemostsinceresmiletogreetthearrivalofus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jealous

B.stingy

C.reluctant

D.begrudge

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞形容詞辨析。jealous妒忌的；stingy吝嗇的；reluctant不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的；begrudge羨慕，吝惜。句意：然而，村民卻毫不吝惜地拿出他們最好的東西來招待我們，以最真誠的笑容迎接我們的到來。根據(jù)句意可知D項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Mr.Smithrecentlyhas（）tennistorelaxhimselfinsparetime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takenup

B.takenin

C.takenon

D.takenover

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。takeup"占去;開始從事";takein"欺騙;接受;吸收";takeon"呈現(xiàn),承擔(dān)";takeover"接管,接受。句意：史密斯先生最近開始在空閑時(shí)間打網(wǎng)球,以此來放松自己。選項(xiàng)A正確。

16.單選題

TheeasternslopesoftheCatskillMountainsare（precipitous）,butthewesternslopesdeclinemoregradually.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eroded

B.snowbound

C.heavilyforested

D.extremelysteep

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。precipitous意為“陡峭的，險(xiǎn)峻的”；eroded意為“被腐蝕的，毀壞的”；snowbound意為“被雪困住的，被雪封住的”；heavilyforested意為“被密集/高密度的森林覆蓋的”；extremelysteep意為“非常陡峭，極其陡峭”。

句意：卡茲基爾山脈的東坡很陡峭，但西坡逐漸下降。

17.單選題

IhavedevotedfourweekendstowritingpapersandnowIfeelI（）arest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deserve

B.preserve

C.conceive

D.receive?

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。deserve“應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得，值得”；preserve“保存，保護(hù)”；conceive“懷孕，構(gòu)思”；receive“接受”。句意：我花了四周時(shí)間寫論文，現(xiàn)在我覺得我值得休息一下了。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Itriedtocontrolmytemperandfocusonourbusiness,butintheendIdecidedthatIhadtodiscussaboutthematterwiththepeoplewhohadoverchargedus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.focusonourbusiness

B.intheend

C.discussaboutthematter

D.whohadoverchargedus

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】C

【解析】語法題。介詞多余。去掉about。discuss是及物動詞,后面不需要接介詞about。

19.單選題

His（）thighswerebarelystrongenoughtosupporttheweightofhisbody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inanimate

B.rustic

C.malleable

D.shrunken

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。inanimate“死氣沉沉的，無生氣的，單調(diào)的”；rustic“鄉(xiāng)村的”；malleable“有延展性的，可鍛的，可塑的”；shrunken“縮小的”。句意：他那毫無生氣的大腿還不足以強(qiáng)壯到支撐他的身體。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Iknowyou’vegotasmoothtongue,sodon’ttalkme（）buyingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.away

B.down

C.out

D.into

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)talkaway“不斷的談”；B選項(xiàng)talkdown“說服，駁倒”；C選項(xiàng)talkout“講出來”；D選項(xiàng)talkinto“說服某人做某事”。句意：我知道你很會說話，所以不要勸我買這個(gè)。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

21.填空題

Sheisaprettygirlandloves（）（fashion）clothesandshoes.

【答案】fashionable

【解析】放在名詞前，故用形容詞形式。

22.單選題

Itwasthebiggestscientificgrudgematchsincethespacerace.TheGenomeWarshadeverythingtwogroupswithappealing-leadersreadytofightinascientificdeadheatpushingthelimitsoftechnologyandrhetoricastheybattledtobecomethefirsttoreadeverylastoneofthe3billionDNA“l(fā)etters”inthehumanbody.Thescientificimportanceoftheworkisunquestionable.

ThecompletedDNAsequenceisexpectedtogivescientistsunprecedentedinsightsintotheworkingsofthehumanbody,revolutionizingmedicineandbiology.Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab.

Nowtheraceisover.Afteryearsofpublicattacksandseveralfailedattemptsatreconciliation,thetwosidesaretakingasteptowardaperiodofcalm.HGPheadFrancisCollins(andAriPatrinosoftheDepartmentofEnergy,animportantallyonthegovernmentside)andCraigVenter,thefounderofCelera,agreedtoholdajointpressconferenceinWashingtonthisMondaytodeclarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing).

Nooneisexactlysurehowthingswillbedifferentnow.Neithersidewillbeturningoffitssequencingmachinesanytimesoon—the"finishlines”eachhascrossedarelargelyarbitrarypoints,"firstdrafts"ratherthanthedefinitiveversion.Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration.

Theconflictblewup,thisFebruarywhenBritain'sWelcomeTrustanHGPparticipantreleasedaconfidentiallettertoCeteraoutliningtheHGP'scomplaints.Ventercalledthemove“alowlifethingtodo.”Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw.“Theattacksandnastinessarebadforscienceandourinvestors,"VentertoldNewsweekinMarch,“andfightingbackisprobablynothelpful."Atacancermeetingearlierthismonth,VenterandCollinspraisedeachother’sapproaches,andexpressedhopethatallofthescientistsinvolvedinsequencingthehumangenomewouldbeabletosharethecredit.Bylatelastweek,thathopewasbecomingarealityasdetailsforMonday'sjointannouncementwerehammeredout.Scientistsinbothcampswelcomedanendtothehostilities."Ifthisendsthehorserace,sciencewins."Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata.

1.TherecentGenomeWarsweresymbolicof（

）.

2.Thetone-oftheauthorinreportingthejointpressconferencethisMondayis

（

）.

3.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat

（

）.

4.Theword"thaw"(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans

（

）.

5.Thecriticalissuefacingthescientistsisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theenthusiasminscientificresearch

B.thesignificanceofthespacerace

C.thepublicversusprivateconflict

D.theprospectofthecompletionofDNAsequence

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.astonished

B.enthusiastic

C.disappointed"

D.objective

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.the"finishlines"referstocompletionofDNAresearch.

B.formerGenomeWarriorswillneverfightagain.

C.theformerwarriorsarenowcollaborators

D.bothsideswillstillworkonindependently

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aggravationoftension

B.improvementinrelation

C.intensificationinattacks

D.endingofcoordination

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.applythenewly-foundknowledgetothebenefitofmankind

B.endtheirhorseraceforthesuccessofscience

C.getdowntotheirgenomeresearch

D.settheirdifferencesaside

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第二段最后對周一記者招待會進(jìn)行了報(bào)道。根據(jù)…declarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing)可知作者對該會議的報(bào)道客觀，引用會議雙方的申明。所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.文章倒數(shù)第二段提到盡管共同宣言使得以前的基因勇士們比幾年前更加親密，內(nèi)部人員未來達(dá)成的共識可能更多采取協(xié)調(diào)的形式，而不是直接的合作（Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration）。選項(xiàng)D“雙方會繼續(xù)獨(dú)立工作”與這個(gè)說法切合，因此符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第一段一開始提到戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)（blewup），第三句Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw，“but”轉(zhuǎn)折指出第一次有“thaw”的跡象，接著又提到賽來拉公司創(chuàng)始人認(rèn)為對抗不好，可以推斷出雙方關(guān)系得到改善，thaw有“解凍”的意思，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章最后一句提到把矛盾拋諸腦后，或者至少應(yīng)該放在一邊，科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該能夠好好研究這個(gè)有趣的問題了，即怎么利用這些數(shù)據(jù)（Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

23.單選題

11.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Discussingacase.

B.Defyingadiagnosis.

C.Performingasurgery.

D.Talkingwiththepatient.

【答案】A

【解析】W:What’sthemostlikelydiagnosisinthiscase?

M:Mostprobablytuberculosis.

W:What'sagainstthatdiagnosis?

M:Well,theinfectedhasn’thadanychangeinthehabitorlostweight.

Q:Whataretheydoingnow?

【解析】對話討論的是某種病例的diagnosis(癥狀)。

24.單選題

Hedoesnot______hisworkmate,andthereareoftendisagreementsbetweenthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.goonwith

B.putupwith

C.getalongwith

D.keepupwith

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.goonwith繼續(xù)；進(jìn)行B.putupwith忍受，容忍

C.getalongwith與……和睦相處；取得進(jìn)展D.keepupwith趕得上；和……保持聯(lián)系

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句“他們之間經(jīng)常有分歧”可知，他和他的