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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川化工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題
Thegeocentricideawasabandonedintheseventeenthcentury,partlyasaresultofthewritingsofCopernicus()observationsmadebyotherastronomers.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.andalsowere
B.notonlybecauseof
C.alsobecausewere
D.andalsobecauseof
【答案】D
【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞partly可知,空格后面表示另一部分原因,因此兩個(gè)原因應(yīng)該用并列連詞and連接,排除B和C。前面由asaresultof引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)原因,后面可用becauseof與其并列。故選D項(xiàng)。句意:地心說在17世紀(jì)被拋棄,部分原因是哥白尼的著作,也因?yàn)槠渌煳膶W(xué)家的觀測(cè)結(jié)果。
2.單選題
The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.(1)."Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodand,clothing,and"services"suchastransportandentertainment.
Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.(2).Someregionoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhaveafertilesoilandafavorableclimate,otherregionspossessnoneofthem.
(3).Somecountriesareperhapswelloffinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonshavebeenunabletodeveloptheirresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry’speople.(4)Acountry’sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumedwithinitsownborders,butalsouponwhatisindirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.(5).Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwouldotherwisebelacking.Acountry’swealthis,therefore,muchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity,providedthatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled
B.Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse
C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth
D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome
E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries
F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled
B.Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse
C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth
D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome
E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries
F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled
B.Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse
C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth
D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome
E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries
F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled
B.Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse
C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth
D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome
E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries
F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled
B.Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse
C.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth
D.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome
E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountries
F.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:F
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】1.文章第一句提到“任何國家的‘生活水平’是指國家生產(chǎn)的商品和服務(wù)的平均份額”,空格后關(guān)鍵詞“wealth財(cái)富”可推斷中間內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和財(cái)富”有關(guān),C項(xiàng)“因?yàn)?,一個(gè)國家的生活水平首先取決于其創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力”符合題意,故選C。
2.文章第二段第一句提到“一個(gè)國家創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力取決于許多因素,其中大多數(shù)因素相互影響”,空格后提到“世界上有些地區(qū)的煤炭和礦物供應(yīng)充足,土壤肥沃,氣候宜人,其他地區(qū)則沒有?!蓖茢嘀虚g內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是闡述“財(cái)富與煤、礦產(chǎn)等資源的關(guān)系”,F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“財(cái)富在很大程度上取決于一個(gè)國家的自然資源,如煤炭、黃金和其他礦產(chǎn)、供水等”符合題意,故選F。
3.空格后提到“有些國家自然資源雖然很豐富,但由于多年來戰(zhàn)爭和一些其他原因一直無法開發(fā)其資源”可推斷此處應(yīng)闡述“自然資源與開發(fā)自然資源的能力”,B項(xiàng)“排在自然資源后的是將自然資源轉(zhuǎn)化使用的能力”符合題意,故選B。
4.空格前文提到“另外一個(gè)重要因素是一個(gè)國家人民技術(shù)效率”可推斷此處應(yīng)闡述與“技術(shù)相關(guān)內(nèi)容”,A項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)培訓(xùn)了許多熟練工人和技術(shù)人員的工業(yè)化國家比其他工人不熟練的國家更有能力創(chuàng)造財(cái)富”符合題意,故選A。
5.空格前文提到“一個(gè)國家的生活水平不僅取決于在本國境內(nèi)生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的財(cái)富,而且還取決于通過國際貿(mào)易間接生產(chǎn)的財(cái)富”,空格后提到“貿(mào)易使她剩余的制成品能夠在國外進(jìn)行貿(mào)易,以換取自身所缺乏的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品?!笨赏茢嗫崭裉帯皯?yīng)該列舉一個(gè)例子”由此導(dǎo)出下文的結(jié)論,D項(xiàng)“例如,如果它只能依靠國內(nèi)生產(chǎn),英國在食品和其他農(nóng)產(chǎn)品方面的財(cái)富要少得多”符合題意,故選D。
3.單選題
BroadlytheEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfolly(1)onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.Inthepresenceofstrangersorforeignersheoftenseemsinhibited,
(2)
embarrassed.Youhaveonlyto
(3)
acommutertrainanymorningoreveningtoseethetruthofthis.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensitreadingtheirnewspapersordozinginacomer;noonespeaksInfact,todosowouldseemunusual
(4)
.Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehaviorwhich,
(5)
broken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectof
(6)
.
Itisawell-knownfactthattheEnglishhavea
(7)
forthediscussionoftheirweatherandthatgivenhalfachance,theywilltalkaboutit
(8)
.SomepeoplearguethatitisBecauseEnglishweather
(9)
forecastandhenceisasourceofinterestand
(10)
toeveryone.Thismaybeso
(11)
Englishmancannothavemuch
(12)
intheweathermen,who,afterpromisingfine,sunnyweatherfortheFollowingday;areoftenprovedwrong
(13)
acouldovertheAtlanticbringsrainyweathertoaildistricts!Themaninthestreetseemstobeasaccurate-orasinaccurateastheweathermeninhis
(14)
.
Theoverseasvisitorsmaybeexcusedforshowingsurpriseatthenumberofreferences
(15)
weatherthattheEnglishmaketoeachotherinthecourseofasingleday.Veryoftenconversationalgreetingsare
(16)
bycommentsontheweather.”Niceday,isn’tit?""Beautiful!"maywellbeheardinsteadof"Goodmorning,howareyou?"
(17)
theforeignermayconsiderthisexaggeratedandcomic,itisworthwhilepointingoutthatitcouldbeusedtohisadvantage.
(18)
hewantstostartaconversationwithanEnglishmanbutis
(19)
toknowwheretobegin,hecoulddowelltomentionthestateoftheweather.Itisasafesubjectwhichwill
(20)
ananswerfromeventhemostreservedofEnglishmen.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.entertained
B.relaxed
C.amused
D.enlightened'
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.yet
B.otherwise
C.even
D.though
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.experience
B.undergo
C.travel
D.witness
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Obviously
B.Contrarily
C.Frequently
D.Practically
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.unless
B.if
C.while
D.asif
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.suspicion
B.opposition
C.attack
D.study
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.passion
B.fancy
C.Necessity
D.topic
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.atlength
B.toagreat
C.fromtheir
D.byallmeans
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.follows
B.predicts
C.defies
D.violates
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.deduction
B.contemplation
C.speculation
D.contribution
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.Still
B.Also
C.Certainly
D.Fundamentally
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.faith
B.reliance
C.honor
D.credit
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.if
B.once
C.when
D.whereas
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.propositions
B.predictions
C.approval
D.defiance
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.about
B.on
C.asfor
D.to
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.replaced
B.conducted
C.executed
D.proposed
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.Since
B.Although
C.however
D.Before
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.Evenif
B.Because
C.If
D.For
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.ataloss
B.atlast
C.infact
D.ontheoccasion
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.stimulate
B.constitute
C.furnish
D.provoke
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:D
第5題:B
第6題:A
第7題:A
第8題:A
第9題:C
第10題:C
第11題:C
第12題:A
第13題:C
第14題:B
第15題:D
第16題:A
第17題:B
第18題:C
第19題:A
第20題:A
【解析】(1)動(dòng)詞辨析題。根據(jù)前一句句意‘大體上來說,英國人比較安靜、羞澀、保守,他們只在非常熟悉的人而前才能完全放松’,B選項(xiàng)relaxed正確。
(2)副詞辨析題。句意:當(dāng)有陌生人或外國人在場(chǎng)的時(shí)候,他們通常會(huì)顯得拘謹(jǐn),甚至局促不安。由inhibited到embarrassed是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以C選項(xiàng)的even正確。
(3)名詞辨析題。句意:你只需留意一下早晚通勤車的狀況便可證實(shí)這一點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)的experience“經(jīng)歷”;B選項(xiàng)的undergo“經(jīng)歷,遭受,承受”;C選項(xiàng)的travel“旅行,前進(jìn)”;D選項(xiàng)的witness“目擊,證明”,D選項(xiàng)正確。
(4)副詞辨析題。句意:實(shí)際上,有條沒有明文規(guī)定但都心知肚明的行為準(zhǔn)則。A選項(xiàng)的obviously“明顯地”;B選項(xiàng)的contrarily“相反地,反之,反對(duì)地”;C選項(xiàng)的frequently“頻繁地,經(jīng)常地”,不合題意,D選項(xiàng)的Practically“實(shí)際地;幾乎;事實(shí)上”正確。
(5)連詞辨析題。句意:如果打破這條行為準(zhǔn)則,這人便立刻成為眾人懷疑的對(duì)象。B選項(xiàng)if表示“如果”,符合句意。
(6)名詞辨析題。句意:行為表現(xiàn)不符合常規(guī),應(yīng)該是引起人們的懷疑。A選項(xiàng)suspicion“懷疑”;B選項(xiàng)opposition“反對(duì)”;C選項(xiàng)attack“攻擊,抨擊”;D選項(xiàng)study“研宄”,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(7)名詞辨析題。句意:眾所周知,英國人對(duì)談?wù)撎鞖馇橛歇?dú)鐘”A選項(xiàng)haveapassionfor‘‘對(duì)…有強(qiáng)烈的愛好”;B選項(xiàng)haveafancyfor“喜歡,想要”;C選項(xiàng)haveanecessityfor“必要性,需要”;D選項(xiàng)haveatopicfor“有一個(gè)話題”,所以A選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(8)介詞短語辨析題。句意:只要有機(jī)會(huì),他們就能對(duì)此做出長篇大論?!盇選項(xiàng)atlength“最后,終于,詳細(xì)地”;B選項(xiàng)toagreatextent“在很大程度上”;C選項(xiàng)fromtheirheart“從心底”;D選項(xiàng)byallmeans“一定,務(wù)必,盡一切辦法”,A選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(9)動(dòng)詞辨析題。句意:有人認(rèn)為這是由于英國的天氣變幻莫測(cè),因此勾起了大家的興趣和思索”。A選項(xiàng)follow“跟隨,遵循”;B選項(xiàng)predict“預(yù)報(bào),預(yù)言”;C選項(xiàng)defy“藐視,公然反抗,挑釁,使落空”;D選項(xiàng)violate“違反,侵犯”,C選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(10)名詞辨析題。句意:因此成了每個(gè)人趣味和猜測(cè)的來源?!盇選項(xiàng)contribution“貢獻(xiàn),捐獻(xiàn),投稿”;B選項(xiàng)deduction“扣除,推論”;C選項(xiàng)contemplation“沉思,注視,意圖”;D選項(xiàng)speculation“投機(jī),推測(cè),思索”,C選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(11)副詞辨析題。句意:當(dāng)然,英國人不能太相信氣象學(xué)專家……”。A選項(xiàng)still“仍然,更”;B選項(xiàng)also“同樣,也,而且”;C選項(xiàng)certainly“當(dāng)然,必定”;D選項(xiàng)fundamentally“根本地,從根本上,基礎(chǔ)地”。C選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(12)名詞辨析題。句意:當(dāng)然,英國人不能太相信氣象學(xué)專家……”A選項(xiàng)havefaithin“相信,對(duì)…信任”;B選項(xiàng)havereliancein“信賴”;C選項(xiàng)honor“榮譽(yù),信用”;D選項(xiàng)credit“信用,信譽(yù)”。A選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(13)連詞辨析題。句意:天氣預(yù)報(bào)員承諾第二天會(huì)是晴朗好天氣的時(shí)候,伴隨著大西洋上反氣旋所帶來的降雨就會(huì)證明他們的失測(cè)”,when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
(14)名詞辨析題。句意:如果按照天氣預(yù)報(bào)員的預(yù)測(cè),行走在大街上的人們可以說是愚蠢的,也可以說是明智的”。A選項(xiàng)proposition“命題,提議”;B選項(xiàng)prediction“預(yù)報(bào),預(yù)言”;C選項(xiàng)approval“批準(zhǔn)認(rèn)可,贊成”;D選項(xiàng)defiance“蔑視挑戰(zhàn),反抗”B選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(15)介詞辨析題。句意:對(duì)于英國人一天之內(nèi)與彼此交談中不斷提及天氣狀況,海外游客所表示出的驚訝是可以體諒的”。thattheEnglishmake是定語從句,先行詞是references,referencestoweather“提及天氣”。所以D選項(xiàng)介詞to正確。
(16)動(dòng)詞辨析題。句意:通常,人們見面就談?wù)撎鞖馇闆r而不是傳統(tǒng)的問候。A選項(xiàng)replace“取代,代替”;B選項(xiàng)conduct“管理,引導(dǎo)”;C選項(xiàng)execute“實(shí)行,執(zhí)行,處死”;D選項(xiàng)propose“建議,打算”。由下文的insteadof確定A選項(xiàng)正確。
(17)連詞詞義辨析題。句意:盡管外國人認(rèn)為這樣或許有些夸張滑稽,但值得一提的是了解這個(gè)對(duì)他是有好處的”,前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以B選項(xiàng)although正確。
(18)連詞詞義辨析題。句意:如果他想和一個(gè)英國人聊幾句但又不知道從何說起,他可以提提天氣情況”。C選項(xiàng)中if表示“如果"符合句意。
(19)固定短語辨析題。A選項(xiàng)ataloss“困惑,茫然,不知所措”;B選項(xiàng)atlast“最后,終于”;C選項(xiàng)infact“事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上”;D選項(xiàng)ontheoccasion“在那時(shí),值此之際”。句意:如果他想和一個(gè)英國人聊幾句但又不知道從何說起”。A選項(xiàng)符合句意。
(20)動(dòng)詞辨析題。句意:這是一個(gè)穩(wěn)妥的話題,將會(huì)鼓勵(lì)一位最緘默的英國人作出回答”。A選項(xiàng)stimulate“刺激,鼓舞”;B選項(xiàng)constitute“組成,構(gòu)成”;C選項(xiàng)furnish“提供,供應(yīng)”;D選項(xiàng)provoke“驅(qū)使,激怒,煽動(dòng),惹起”。A選項(xiàng)符合句意。
4.單選題
Theoldcoupledecidedto(
)aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildrenoftheirown.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.adapt
B.bring
C.receive
D.adopt
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adapt“使適合(新用途、新情況),適應(yīng)(新情況)”;B選項(xiàng)bring“帶來,引起,導(dǎo)致”;C選項(xiàng)receive“拿到,接到,受到”;D選項(xiàng)adopt“收養(yǎng),領(lǐng)養(yǎng),采用”。此處表示這對(duì)老夫婦決定領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一男一女,因此選D。句意:這對(duì)老夫婦決定收養(yǎng)一男一女,盡管他們自己有三個(gè)孩子。
5.翻譯題
Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoEnglish.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.
叫我最難忘的是燕園的小路。
無論從哪個(gè)校門走進(jìn)來,大大小小筆直或者蜿蜒的路,都會(huì)把你引到湛藍(lán)清澈的未名湖畔。碧綠的垂柳和橙黃的小路鑲嵌的一池湖水,就像一只盛滿了佳釀的酒杯,送到你面前,盡你領(lǐng)略它的慷慨與盛情。只要你在湖邊小路上眺望—會(huì)兒,一種寧靜的美就會(huì)流進(jìn)心中。
常常是黃昏或者夜晚。丟了一天的疲倦和紛擾,我漫步在未名湖邊的小路上。明滅閃爍的路燈撒下朦朦朧朧的光暈,如霧似雨。搖曳的樹影和輕輕的晚風(fēng),送來花的清香。間或有數(shù)點(diǎn)草蟲的鳴叫,一縷縷年輕人的笑語和歌聲,飄到小路上來,與湖面上倒映的燈火,暗藍(lán)的樹影,天上的星光,一抹晚霞或一鉤淡淡的新月,輝映成有聲有色的圖景。真像是一首詩,一首寫不盡讀不完的詩。
【答案】【參考譯文】
Oftenatduskornight,IrambledalongthepathsofWeiMingLake,forgettingthewholeday’stroubleandweariness.Theflickeringlampscastahazyshadow,likethemistortherain.Theswayingshadowsoftreesandthesoftnightwindaccompaniedthefloweraroma.Occasionally,thetweetingofinsects,thelaughterandsingingofteenagerswaftedtothepaths.Thentheyformedanimpressivepicturewiththelamplightreflectedinthelake,darkbluetreeshadows,starsinthesky,andtheaftergloworthecrescentmoon.Itisreallylikeapoem,anendlesspoem.
6.單選題
Forhispoorjobachievements,hisbosscomplainedthathehadn’t(
)hisresponsibilities.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.livedupto
B.putupwith
C.lookedforwardto
D.goneinfor
【答案】A
【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)liveupto“不辜負(fù),做到”;B選項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受,容忍”;C選項(xiàng)lookforwardto“期望,期待”;D選項(xiàng)goinfor“參加,從事,追求”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“poorjobachievements差勁的工作表現(xiàn)”和“responsibilities職責(zé)”,可知空格單詞意思為“做到,完成”,句意為:對(duì)他差勁的工作表現(xiàn),他的老板抱怨說他沒有盡到職責(zé)。故和選項(xiàng)A意思接近。
7.單選題
Theexposuretoforeignculturesgraduallyledtothe____ofpeople’swayoflifeinthiscountry.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.distribution
B.disintegration
C.disorder
D.destruction
【答案】B
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.distribution分配;分布B.disintegration分裂;解體
C.disorder騷亂;動(dòng)亂D.destruction摧毀;毀滅
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。
【解題思路】句意:對(duì)外國文化的接觸逐漸導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)國家人民生活方式的……。根據(jù)邏輯,接觸外國文化會(huì)逐漸導(dǎo)致本國人們生活習(xí)慣的變化,從而慢慢解體。因此選B。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)distribution“分配;分布”,不符合語境;
C選項(xiàng)disorder“騷亂;動(dòng)亂”,指大群人的暴力行為,不符合語境;
D選項(xiàng)destruction“摧毀;毀滅”,指毀壞某物的行為或被毀滅的過程,而題目中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是結(jié)果,該選項(xiàng)不符合語境。
【句意】外來文化的接觸逐漸導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)國家人們生活方式的解體。
8.翻譯題
西部開發(fā)中國改革開放以來,國民經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長速度達(dá)到9.7%。中國已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個(gè)全球極富吸引力的大市場(chǎng)。世界各國和地區(qū)不少有遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)的企業(yè)家,都將目光投向了中國投向了西部并從投資活動(dòng)中獲得了豐厚的回報(bào)。中國加入世貿(mào)組織后,外商參與中國西部開發(fā)的機(jī)會(huì)將越來越多。西部大開發(fā)一定能成為溝通世界各國和中國的一座橋梁,促進(jìn)中國和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展、共同繁榮。
【答案】WesternDevelopment9.單選題
Itisdoubtfulwhetheranyonecanbeatruly()observerofevents.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.genius
B.impassive
C.inadequate
D.impartial
【答案】D
【解析】考查詞義辨析。genius“天才;天賦”,名詞;impassive“冷漠的;無感覺的”,形容詞;inadequate“不充分的”,形容詞;impartial“公平的,公正的”,形容詞。根據(jù)doubtful“懷疑的”和truly“真正地”可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
10.單選題
Wearedealingwithtwodifferentperspectivesthat(),intersect,butdon’tseemtoyieldasynthesis.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.overrun
B.overlap
C.overwork
D.overuse
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我們正在處理有部分重疊、交叉卻似乎不能生成綜合體的兩種不同的透視圖。
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Overrun泛濫,橫行,肆虐,多用(時(shí)間、錢財(cái)?shù)?,超時(shí);overlap部分重疊,部分地同時(shí)發(fā)生;overwork工作過度;overuse使用……過度(或過久)。由題干中關(guān)鍵信息"intersect交叉”可知“部分重疊”符合。
11.單選題
Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerorsandgeneralsandsoldiers,whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationforwardareoftennevermentionedatall.Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg,ormaturedafield;butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.
Itisjustpossibletheyare,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.Tobegoodatfightingistobegoodinthewaywhichananimalorasavageisgood,butitisnottobecivilized.Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficientlyisnotbeingcivilized.Peoplefighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbeseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside,andthensayingthatthesidewhichhaskilledthemosthaswon.Andnotonlyhaswon,but,becauseithaswon,hasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.
Thatiswhatthestoryofmankindhasonthewholebeenlike.Evenourownagehasfoughtthetwogreatestwarsinhistory,inwhichmillionsofpeoplewerekilledorseriouslyinjured.Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopleinthestreets—while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife—nationsandcountrieshavenotlearnttodothisyet,andstillbehavelikesavages.
Butwemustnotexpecttoomuch.Afterall,theraceofmenhasonlyjuststarted.Mankindisonlyatthebeginningofitscivilizedlife.Thepastofmanhasbeenonthewholeaprettybeastlybusiness.Wemustnotexpectevencivilizedpeoplesnottohavedonethesethings.Allwecanaskisthattheywillsometimeshavedonesomethingelse.
41.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcasesmayberegardedasanadvancementofcivilization?
42.Inthefirstsentenceofparagraph2,“Itisjustpossibletheyare”meansthat().
43.Theauthorsuggeststhatcivilizedpeopleshouldsettledisputesby().
44.Intheauthor’sview,thenationsandcountriesoftoday().
45.Bythelastparagraph,theauthorimpliesthat().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Theactofconqueringtheothernations.
B.Theabilitytogetotherstofightforyou.
C.Thebreakingoflegs.
D.Thewaytofertilizeafield.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.itispossiblethatmostpeoplebelieveinthegreatestcountries
B.itispossiblethattheconquerorsarethegreatestcountries
C.itispossiblethatthegreatestcountriesmaybeatthegreatestnumberofcountries
D.itispossiblethattheconquerorscanruleoverothercountries
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.goingtowars
B.gainingtheright
C.havingthemight
D.adoptingnon-violentways
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.arequitefriendlytooneanother
B.cankeeptherulesandbehaveproperly
C.arestillfightingagainstoneanother
D.knowhowtosettledisputes
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.peoplearebornsavageandit’shardforthemtochange
B.civilizationisathingthatcannotbeexpectedtoomuch
C.civilizedpeoplewillneverdoanysavagethings
D.humanbeingswillforwardthecivilizationastheymature
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】41.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“征服其他國家的行為”,第一段Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.(我想大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為最偉大的國家是那些在戰(zhàn)爭中打敗最多其他國家并以征服者的身份統(tǒng)治它們的國家。)第二段有轉(zhuǎn)折Itisjustpossibletheyare,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.(他們可能是,但他們不是最文明的。)故可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“讓別人為你而戰(zhàn)的能力”,根據(jù)原文Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficientlyisnotbeingcivilized.(即使是善于讓別人為你而戰(zhàn),并告訴他們?nèi)绾巫霾抛钣行?,也不是文明。)可排除B選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“斷腿”定位在第一段第二句Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg,ormaturedafield;butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.(我們不知道誰最先接上折斷的腿骨,還是成熟了一片田;但我們知道所有關(guān)于殺手和毀滅者的事。)句中是接上斷腿的人,而非斷腿。D選項(xiàng)“給土地施肥的方法?!痹谧髡哐劾锿苿?dòng)文明發(fā)展的不是這些征服者,將軍或者士兵,也不是通過野蠻行為解決紛爭的人。A,B,C選項(xiàng)在作者眼中都不是文明的,均可排除,故選D。
42.推理判斷題。定位在第一段最后一句Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.(我想大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為最偉大的國家是那些在戰(zhàn)爭中打敗最多其他國家并以征服者的身份統(tǒng)治它們的國家。)可知they指代的是最偉大的國家。A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人可能相信最偉大的國家”與題意無關(guān)。B選項(xiàng)“征服者可能是最偉大的國家”,置換主語,有誤。C選項(xiàng)“可能最偉大的國家打敗最多的國家”與句意契合,正確。D選項(xiàng)“征服者有可能統(tǒng)治其他國家”與主干無關(guān),可排除。故選C。
43.推理判斷題。定位在第二段Peoplefighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbeseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside,andthensayingthatthesidewhichhaskilledthemosthaswon.(人們靠打架來解決爭議。戰(zhàn)斗意味著殺戮,文明的人民應(yīng)該能夠找到解決爭端的方法,而不是看哪一方殺死另一方的人數(shù)更多,然后說,殺死最多的一方贏了。)由此可知,作者認(rèn)為武力不是解決問題的辦法。A選項(xiàng)“參戰(zhàn)”,與武力有關(guān)不符合。B選項(xiàng)“贏得權(quán)利”,和平解決問題是不會(huì)有輸贏的,C選項(xiàng)“有強(qiáng)權(quán)”,Andnotonlyhaswon,but,becauseithaswon,hasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.(它不僅贏了,而且因?yàn)橼A了,它是正確的。因?yàn)檫@就是參戰(zhàn)的意義;它意味著說強(qiáng)權(quán)即公理。)在文中作者對(duì)強(qiáng)權(quán)即公理的這種說法是不贊成的。由此可排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)“采用非暴力方式”符合題意,故選D。
44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopleinthestreets—while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife—nationsandcountrieshavenotlearnttodothisyet,andstillbehavelikesavages.(雖然現(xiàn)在,人們并不會(huì)在街上相互殘殺,也就是說,我們已經(jīng)到了遵守規(guī)則和在日常生活中相互之間行為得體的階段。但各個(gè)民族和國家還沒有學(xué)會(huì)這樣做,仍然表現(xiàn)得像野蠻人。)由此可知,如今的一些民族和國家還存在著對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)爭,故C選項(xiàng)“仍在互相爭斗”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們彼此很友好”,B選項(xiàng)“遵守規(guī)矩,舉止得體”,D選項(xiàng)“知道如何解決爭端”均與句意不符,可排除,故選C。
45.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Butwemustnotexpecttoomuch.Afterall,theraceofmenhasonlyjuststarted.Mankindisonlyatthebeginningofitscivilizedlife.(但我們不能期望太多。畢竟,人類的進(jìn)化才剛剛開始。人類才剛剛開始文明生活。)由此可知,我們還處在文明世界的開端,不能期望過高。A選項(xiàng)“人天生野蠻,很難改變”錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)原文Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopleinthestreets—while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife.(雖然現(xiàn)在,人們并不會(huì)在街上相互殘殺,也就是說,我們已經(jīng)到了遵守規(guī)則和在日常生活中相互之間行為得體的階段。)可以知道人們已經(jīng)有改變了。B選項(xiàng)“文明是一種不能過分期待的東西”,作者是以目前階段的文明而言,我們不能夠期待太多,并沒有讓人不去期待,屬于歪曲意思。C選項(xiàng)“文明人決不會(huì)做野蠻的事”說法過于絕對(duì),根據(jù)原文Wemustnotexpectevencivilizedpeoplesnottohavedonethesethings.(我們不能期待即使是文明人也不會(huì)做這些事。)可知文明人絕對(duì)不做野蠻的事是很難保證的。D選項(xiàng)“隨著人類的成熟,人類將推進(jìn)文明的發(fā)展”,作者說到人類文明才剛開始,可以推出現(xiàn)在的文明隨著人類的成熟,還能夠有所進(jìn)步,故D選項(xiàng)正確。
12.單選題
Thechairmansaiditgavehimgreat()towelcomesomanyguests.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.humor
B.content
C.fun
D.pleasure
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞辨析。humor“幽默”;content“內(nèi)容,目錄”;fun“樂趣”;pleasure“快樂,令人高興的事”。句意:主席說歡迎這么多賓客是一件讓他很高興的事情。D項(xiàng)符合句意。
13.單選題
Whileaquarterofmenwashtheircarsonceaweek,fewerthanoneinfivewomencarryoutthe(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.attribute
B.chore
C.repast
D.jargon
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attribute“屬性,性質(zhì),特征”;B選項(xiàng)chore“日常事務(wù),家務(wù)活”;C選項(xiàng)repast“餐,飯菜”;D選項(xiàng)jargon“行話,黑話,行業(yè)術(shù)語”。此處是while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,將男性一周洗一次車的人數(shù)與女性做這件事的人數(shù)相對(duì)比,因此選B。句意:四分之一的男性一周洗一次車,而不超過五分之一的女性做這個(gè)事務(wù)。
14.單選題
Parksandopenspacesareessentialtothequalityoflifeindense(
)areassuchasNewYorkCity.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.agricultural
B.rural
C.suburban
D.urban
【答案】D
【解析】形容詞辨析題。agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的;rural鄉(xiāng)村的;suburban郊區(qū)的;.urban城市的。
句意:公園和空地對(duì)于像紐約這樣人口密集的城市地區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量來說是必不可少的。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。
15.單選題
Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear;fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastoneear,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition.
In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplightwerevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnotsavetherich.
In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.
Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestructureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivingabetterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.
1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheelsbecause().
2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto().
3.Theauthoruse“thedisplaced”(Para.2,Line6)torefertothosewhoare().
4.Theword“eligible”(Para.3,Line4)issynonymouswith().
5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause,tosomedegree,().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocars
B.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholdsaretheownersoftwocars
C.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyear
D.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.inadequatefeeding
B.malnutrition
C.unemployment
D.automation
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.unemployed
B.disabled
C.sick
D.poor
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.necessary
B.urgent
C.needed
D.worthy
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram
B.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorother
C.thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.
D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuresettledtheproblemsofthosebelowthepovertyline
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:A
第4題:D
第5題:D
【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段說到了原因“Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear…”,不僅汽車產(chǎn)量大,平均家庭持有量也很大,這就是原因。B選項(xiàng)“超過四分之一的家庭擁有兩輛車”由“morethanaquarterhavetwoeach”得出。
第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題要求找出“一千萬美國人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的健康狀況很糟糕”的主要原因。文章第二段第三句說到“Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasth
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