考研考博-英語-山東英才學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東英才學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

IputmveartotheobjectandlistenedcarefullyasIfirsttappeditlightlywithachopstickandthenstrikeditwithahammer;Iwantedtofindoutifitwashollow,preferablywithoutbreakingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Iputmveartotheobject

B.asIfirsttappeditlightly

C.thenstrikeditwithahammer

D.washollow,preferably

E.沒有問題

【答案】C

【解析】動詞誤用。striked改為knocked。后面提到“withoutbreakingit”,這種程度應(yīng)該用Knocked合適。

2.單選題

Theframeworkofthespecialtheoryofrelativitycanbeconstructedfromtheassumptionoftheabsoluteinvariabilityofthespeedoflight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.definition

B.encouragement

C.regulation

D.supposition

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。assumption表示“假定，設(shè)想”。A項(xiàng)definition“定義，清晰度”，B項(xiàng)encouragement“鼓勵”，C項(xiàng)regulation“管理，規(guī)則”，D項(xiàng)supposition“假定，推測”。句意：狹義相對論的框架可以從光速絕對不變性的假設(shè)來構(gòu)建。根據(jù)題意該題選D。

3.單選題

Everystudentmust（

）thelibraryrules.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceiveof

B.compensatefor

C.concentrateon

D.complywith

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。conceiveof“設(shè)想，想象”；compensatefor“賠償，補(bǔ)償”;concentrateon“集中精力于，全神貫注于”；complywith“照做，遵守”。句意：每個(gè)學(xué)生都必須遵守圖書館的規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Todaythepublicismuchconcernedabouttheway（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.natureisbeingruined

B.whichnatureisruined

C.onwhichtoruinnature

D.ofnaturetoberuined

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。當(dāng)先行詞為theway時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可以是that/inwhich或者省略。

句意：如今，公眾非常關(guān)心自然受到破壞的方式。

5.單選題

Itistruethat（

）awildplantintoamajorfoodcropsuchaswheatrequiresmuchresearchtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.multiplying

B.breeding

C.magnifying

D.generation

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。multiply意為“乘”；breed意為“飼養(yǎng)，培育(動植物)”；magnify意為“放大”；generation作名詞時(shí)，意為“產(chǎn)生，繁殖”。

句意：將野生植物培育成小麥等主要糧食作物需要進(jìn)行大量的研究，這一點(diǎn)是千真萬確的。

6.問答題

Manygovernmentsaregrowingincreasinglydeterminedtostampoutthathasbeenreferred

A

B

C

toasthe“corruptioneruption”.

D

【答案】試題答案：C;what

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。that不能充當(dāng)賓語從句中的主語，分析句子可知從句中缺少主語，因此將that改為what。

7.單選題

Thetwoimportant（

）inmakingacakeareflourandsugar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.elements

B.components

C.ingredients

D.constituents

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“成分，某物的組成部分”之意。A選項(xiàng)element“元素，要素”；B選項(xiàng)component“配件、要素”，機(jī)械的原件或者是組裝配件；C選項(xiàng)ingredient“原料、原材料”，指烹調(diào)用的事物配料；D選項(xiàng)constituent“成份、選民”，指的是整體中不可缺少的部分。由空格后介詞后面的關(guān)鍵詞“makingacake制作蛋糕”和“flourandsugar面粉與糖”，可知空格部分關(guān)鍵詞為“原料”，句意為：制作蛋糕的兩個(gè)重要的原料是面粉與糖。故正確答案選C。

8.單選題

Shethoughtitcoulddonoharmto（）herescortabit,atleastonhistasteinwines.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complement

B.flatter

C.flatten

D.decorate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)complement“補(bǔ)足；補(bǔ)充”；B選項(xiàng)flatter“奉承；諂媚；使高興”；C選項(xiàng)flatten“擊??；摧毀；使平坦”；D選項(xiàng)decorate“裝飾；布置”。句意：她認(rèn)為，稍微奉承下她的陪同不可能帶來害處，至少在奉承其對葡萄酒的品味上不可能帶來害處。結(jié)合此處語境，B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Whenpeoplearcstruckbylightening,theyfalltothegroundasthoughtheywerestruckbyasevereblowtotheheaD.Aftertheshocktheymayremainunconscious,becomesemiconsciousorbeconsciousbutconfusedanddazed,atleastforatime.Flashesoflightmaycontinuepassingbeforetheireyes,andblindnessanddeafnessmayfollow.Thenervoussystemmaybebadlyaffected,causingparalysis,paininthelimbsandevenhemorrhage.Therewillbebumswherethelighteningpassedthroughthebody,andlikeallelectricalbums,theyareoftendeepandsevere.

Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.Donotbeafraidtotouchthevictim.Youwon'tgetashock.ThelighteninghasalreadybeengroundeD.Rememberthatspeedisofthegreatestimportanceinseverecases.

Thefirstthingtodoistoloosentightclothingaboutthethroatandwaist.Thencleartheairpassagesofmucus(黏液)ifpresent,andapplyartificialrespirationifnecessary.Givemouth-mouthresuscitationifneeded,orgiveoxygenifavailable.ManyvictimsthoughtIobedeadhavebeenrevivedaftertreatment.

Sendsomeoneforadoctorassoonaspossible,butdon'tleavethevictimalone.Ifadoctorisnotavailable,takethepersontoahospitalassoonasthepersoncanbesafelymoved.

Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.Totreatshock,youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeetandcoverhimorherwithablanketbutwatchoutforoverheating.Givingastimulatinghotteaorcoffeewillhelp,butonlyifthepatientisthoroughlyconscious.

Afterbreathinghasbeenrestoredandshockistreated,treatthebums.Applysomesalveandcoverthemwithacleanclothorasteriledressing.Ifconscious,thepatientwillbebadlyfrightened,sodoallyoucantoreassure.Alittleknowledgeandahelpinghandmaysavesomeone'slife.

1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout（）.

2.Accordinglothepassage,allthefollowingaresignsofshockexcept（）.

3.Itcanbeguessedfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Theword"salve"inline2ofthelastparagraphmostlikelymeans（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmustnotbedonewhiletreatingshock?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichmetalsconductelectricitybest

B.wheretogoinathunderstorm

C.howtotreatsomeonestruckbylightening

D.howtomakemouth-to-mouthresuscitation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.abnormalfever

B.coldskin

C.irregularbreathing

D.rapidpulse

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.manycampersandhuntersarestruckbylightening

B.carsareconvenientforoutdooractivities

C.electricshockdoeslittleharmtothehumanbody

D.onlyprofessionalnursesanddoctorsareallowedtogivefirstaid

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sponge

B.bandage

C.ointment

D.liquid

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Givingthepatientacupofhottea.

B.Makingthepatientliewiththefeetlowerthanthehead.

C.Coveringthebumswithasteriledressing.

D.Applyingartificialrespiration

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講述如何治療被閃電擊中的人。

2.根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.”可知，只有選項(xiàng)A不屬于休克的癥狀，所以本題選A。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.”所有人，尤其是露營者和獵人，都應(yīng)該知道如何對被閃電擊中的人進(jìn)行急救。由此可推斷，露營者和獵人最容易遇到被閃電擊中的情況，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)常識，被雷電擊中后會被燒傷，燒傷之后當(dāng)然要涂抹一些藥膏，所以這里的“salve”指藥膏，只有選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

5.根據(jù)原文可知，選項(xiàng)B對應(yīng)文中的“youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeet”，但與原文表述相反，因此選擇B選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Thedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccur,largelybecauseoftheextremedifficultyinaffixinglegalresponsibilityonthosewhocontinuetotreatourenvironmentwithrecklessabandon.Attemptstopreventpollutionbylegislation,economicincentivesandfriendlypersuasionhavebeenmetbylawsuits,personalandindustrialdenialandlongdelays—notonlyinacceptingresponsibility,butmoreimportantly,indoingsomethingaboutit.

Itseemsthatonlywhengovernmentdecidesitcanaffordtaxincentivesorproductionsacrificesisthereanyinitiativeforchange.Whereisindustry'sandourrecognitionthatprotectingmankind'sgreattreasureisthesinglemostimportantresponsibility?Ifevertherewillbetimeforenvironmentalhealthprofessionalstocometothefrontlinesandprovideleadershiptosolveenvironmentalproblems,thattimeisnow.

Wearebeingasked,andinfact,thepublicisdemandingthatwetakepositiveaction.Itisourresponsibilityasprofessionalsinenvironmentalhealthtomakethedifference.Yes,theecologists,theenvironmentalactivistsandtheconservationistsservetocommunicate,stimulatethinkingandpromotebehavioralchange.However,itisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelop,improveandenforceenvironmentalstandards,Isubmit,whomustleadthecharge.

Wemustrecognizethatenvironmentalhealthissuesdonotstopatcitylimits,countylines,stateorevenfederalboundaries.Wecannolongeraffordtobetunnel-visionedinourapproach.Wemustvisualizeissuesfromeveryperspectivetomaketheobjectivedecisions.Wemustexpressourviewsclearlytopreventmediadistortionandpublicconfusion.

Ibelievewehaveathree-partmissionforthepresent.First,wemustcontinuetopressforimprovementsinthequalityoflifethatpeoplecanmakeforthemselves.Second,wemustinvestigateandunderstandthelinkbetweenenvironmentandhealth.Third,wemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.Ifwecanaccomplishthesethreegoalsinthisdecade,maybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradation,andnotmerelyholditback.Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbandages.

1.Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthattheindustrialistsdisregardenvironmentalprotectionchieflybecause（）.

2.Themaintasknowfacingecologists,environmentalactivistsandconservationistsis（）.

3.Theword"tunnel-visioned"(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

4.Whichofthefollowing,accordingtotheauthor,shouldplaytheleadingroleinthesolutionofenvironmentalproblems?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareunawareoftheconsequencesofwhattheyaredoing

B.theyarereluctanttosacrificetheirowneconomicinterests

C.timehasnotyetcomeforthemtoputdueemphasisonit

D.itisdifficultforthemtotakeeffectivemeasures

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.topreventpollutionbylegislation,economicincentivesandpersuasion

B.toarousepublicawarenessoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection

C.totakeradicalmeasurestocontrolenvironmentalpollution

D.toimprovethequalityoflifebyenforcingenvironmentalstandards

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.narrow-minded

B.blindtothefacts

C.short-sighted

D.abletoseeonlyoneaspect

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Legislationandgovernmentintervention

B.Theindustry'sunderstandingandsupport.

C.Theeffortsofenvironmentalhealthprofessionals

D.Thecooperationofecologists,environmentalactivistsandconservationists

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Effortsshouldbeexertedonpollutionpreventioninsteadofonremedialmeasures

B.Moremoneyshouldbespentinordertostoppollution

C.Ordinarycitizenshavenoaccesstotechnicalinformationonpollution

D.Environmentaldegradationwillbestoppedbytheendofthisdecade

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“他們不知道自己行為的后果”，B項(xiàng)“他們不愿意犧牲自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益”，C項(xiàng)“他們應(yīng)該重視環(huán)境保護(hù)的時(shí)間還沒有到來”，D項(xiàng)“他們很難采取有效措施”。文章第一段提到“...notonlyinacceptingresponsibility,butmoreimportantly,indoingsomethingaboutit.不僅僅是接受責(zé)任，更重要的是采取措施”可知工業(yè)家們忽視環(huán)境保護(hù)主要是因?yàn)锽項(xiàng)，故選B。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“通過立法、經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵和勸說來防止污染”，B項(xiàng)“喚起公眾對環(huán)境保護(hù)重要性的認(rèn)識”，C項(xiàng)“采取激進(jìn)措施控制環(huán)境污染”，D項(xiàng)“通過執(zhí)行環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來提高生活質(zhì)量”。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中可看出ACD三項(xiàng)為政府行為，同時(shí)文章第三段提到“Yes,theecologists,theenvironmentalactivistsandtheconservationistsservetocommunicate,stimulatethinkingandpromotebehavioralchange.是的，生態(tài)學(xué)家、環(huán)境活動家和自然保護(hù)主義者致力于交流、激發(fā)和促進(jìn)來推進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)正確，故選B。

3.詞匯題。A項(xiàng)“心胸狹隘的”；B項(xiàng)“無視事實(shí)”；C項(xiàng)“目光短淺的”；D項(xiàng)“片面的”。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到“Wemustvisualizeissuesfromeveryperspectivetomaketheobjectivedecisions.我們必須從各個(gè)角度看待問題，做出客觀的決定”‘‘Wecannolongeraffordtobetunnel-visionedinourapproach.在方法上，我們不能再tunnel-visioned”可知“tunnel-visioned”的意思為“片面的，只看到一面的”，故選D。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“立法和政府干預(yù)”，B項(xiàng)“企業(yè)的理解和支持”，C項(xiàng)“環(huán)境衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員的努力”，D項(xiàng)“生態(tài)學(xué)家，環(huán)境活動家和自然資源保護(hù)者的合作”。題干提問“哪一項(xiàng)應(yīng)在解決環(huán)境問題方面發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用”。文章第三段提到“However,itisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelop,improveandenforceenvironmentalstandards,Isubmit,whomustleadthecharge.然而，我們中那些付了薪水來決定發(fā)展、改進(jìn)和強(qiáng)制實(shí)施環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的人必須是領(lǐng)頭人"，理解此句的關(guān)鍵在于明白“us”所指，第三段第二句提到“Itisourresponsibilityasprofessionalsinenvironmentalhealthtomakethedifference我們作為環(huán)境衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員有責(zé)任發(fā)揮作用”可知，“我們的責(zé)任”指的是“我們作為專家的責(zé)任”，因此，us是指的專家，故選C。

5.判斷推理題。A項(xiàng)“應(yīng)努力防止污染，而不是采取補(bǔ)救措施”，B項(xiàng)“為了防止污染，應(yīng)該花更多的錢”，C項(xiàng)“普通公民無法獲得有關(guān)污染的技術(shù)信息”，D項(xiàng)“環(huán)境退化將在本世紀(jì)末停止”。文章最后一段提到“Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbandages.我們到那時(shí)將可以把用在環(huán)保上的錢真正地用在環(huán)保預(yù)防而不是補(bǔ)救上”可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。B項(xiàng)在文中沒有提及；最后一段提到“...wemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.我們必須能夠以公民可以理解的形式交流技術(shù)信息”可知C項(xiàng)不正確；最后一段中“Ifwecanaccomplishthesethreegoalsinthisdecade,maybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradation,andnotmerelyholditback.如果我們能在這十年里實(shí)現(xiàn)這三個(gè)目標(biāo)，也許我們最終可以讓環(huán)境停止退化，而不只是防止環(huán)境退化”中“if”表明是一個(gè)假設(shè)的條件，故D項(xiàng)不正確。故選A。

11.單選題

It’susuallythecasethatpeopleseldombehaveina___waywheninafuriousstate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stable

B.rational

C.legal

D.credible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)stable“穩(wěn)定的，牢固的；穩(wěn)重的，沉穩(wěn)的；持久的”；B選項(xiàng)rational“合理的；理性的”；C選項(xiàng)legal“法律的；合法的；法定的；依照法律的”；D選項(xiàng)credible“可靠的，可信的”。句意：通常情況下，人們在暴怒狀態(tài)下很少會做出___行為。本句表達(dá)“很少有人在暴怒時(shí)能做出理性的行為”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Ifinnovatorsarenotfinanciallyrewardedfortheirinnovations,theincentiveforpath-breakinginnovationwilleventuallydryup.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.investment

B.resource

C.inspiration

D.stimulus

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。incentive表示“動機(jī)，刺激”；A項(xiàng)investment“投資”，B項(xiàng)resource“資源”，C項(xiàng)inspiration“靈感，鼓舞”，D項(xiàng)stimulus“刺激，激勵”。句意：如果創(chuàng)新者的創(chuàng)新沒有得到經(jīng)濟(jì)上的獎勵，那么對開創(chuàng)性創(chuàng)新的激勵最終會枯竭。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Topmarathonrunnerstendtobeleanandlight,starswimmersarelongthighswithhugefeetandgoldmedalweightliftersaresolidblocksofmusclewithshortarmsandlegs.So,doesyourphysicalshape—--andthewayyourbodyworks—--fityouforaparticularsport?Ordoesyourbodydevelopacertainwaybecauseofyourchosensport?

“It’sabout55:45,genestotheenvironment,”saysMikeRennie,professorofclinicalphysiologyatBritain’sUniversityofNottinghamMedicalSchoolRenniecitesthecaseofidenticaltwinsfromGermany,oneofwhomwasalong-distanceathlete,theotherapowerfulsportsman,so,“Theylookquitedifferent,despitebeingidenticaltwins.”

Someonewho’s1.5meterstallhaslittlechanceofbecominganelitebasketballplayer.Still,beingovertwometerstallwon’tautomaticallypushyoutoOlympicgold.“Unlessyouhavetacticalsensewhereneeded,unlessyouhaveaccesstogoodequipment,medicalcareandthepsychologicalconditions,andunlessyouareabletodriveyourselfthroughpain,allthephysicalstrengthwillbeinvain,”saidCraigSharp,professorofsportsscienceatBritain’sBrunelUniversity.

JonathanRobinson,anappliedsportsscientistattheUniversityofBath’ssportsdevelopmentdepartment,insouthwestEngland,pointstotheimportanceoftechnique.“Inswimmingonly5-10percentofthepropellingforcecomesfromthelegs,sotechniqueisvital.”

Havingtherightphysiquefortherightsportisagoodstartingpoint.Seventeenyearsago,theAustralianInstituteofSportstartedanationalTalentSearchProgram,whichsearchedschoolsfor14-l6-year-oldswiththepotentialtobeeliteathletes.OneoftheirfirstfindswasMeganStill,worldchampionrower.In1987,Stillhadneverpickedupanoarinherlife.Butshehadalmosttheperfectphysiqueforarower.Afterintensivetraining,shewongoldinwomen’srowinginthe1996AtlantaOlympics.

OthercountrieshavefollowedtheAustralianexample.Nowtheexplosionofgeneticknowledgehasmeantthatthereisnowasearch,notjustforappropriatephysiquebutalsofor“performancegenes.”

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

2.ThecaseofidenticaltwinsfromGermanyshowsthat（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbyCraigSharpasarequiredqualityforasportspersontowinanOlympicgoldmedal?

4.SeventeenyearsagoMeganStillwaschosenforrowingbecause（）.

5.Theword“elite”inParagraph5means（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.physicalstrengthismoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

B.trainingconditionsaremoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

C.genesaremoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

D.psychologicalconditionsaremoreimportantforsportspersons’successt

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.environmentcanhelpdeterminepeople’sbodyshapet

B.genesarethedecisivefactorsforpeople’sbodyshapet

C.identicaltwinsarelikelytoenjoydifferentsportst

D.identicaltwinsmayhavedifferentgenesfordifferentsportst

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thephysicalstrength.t

B.Therighttrainingconditions.t

C.Thetalentforthesports.t

D.Theenduranceforpains.t

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shehadthetalentforrowingt

B.herbodyshapewasrightforarowert

C.shehadtheperformancegenest

D.shewasaskillfulrowert

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.themostwealthyt

B.themostskilledt

C.themostindustrioust

D.themostintelligent

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中，可以推斷出……”。本文討論的是決定一個(gè)人能夠成為優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動員的原因，根據(jù)文章最后一句話Nowtheexplosionofgeneticknowledgehasmeantthatthereisnowasearch,notjustforappropriatephysiquebutalsofor“performancegenes.”（現(xiàn)在，基因知識的爆炸意味著現(xiàn)在有了一項(xiàng)研究，不僅是關(guān)于合適的體格，還有“表現(xiàn)基因”）可推斷，人類先天的基因條件對于塑造一個(gè)成功的運(yùn)動員來說更為重要；故C項(xiàng)“基因?qū)\(yùn)動員的成功更重要”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“身體力量對運(yùn)動員的成功更重要”和D項(xiàng)“心理狀況對運(yùn)動員的成功更為重要”文章沒有提及；B項(xiàng)“訓(xùn)練條件對運(yùn)動員的成功更為重要”只在第三段提到，不夠全面。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“來自德國的同卵雙胞胎的案例表明了……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段oneofwhomwasalong-distanceathlete,theotherapowerfulsportsman,so,“Theylookquitedifferent,despitebeingidenticaltwins.”（其中一個(gè)是一個(gè)長跑運(yùn)動員，另一個(gè)是力量型運(yùn)動員；所以，“他們雖然是同卵雙胞胎，但是體型完全不同），由此我們可以推斷，即便有基因因素，但是后天的體型還是由環(huán)境決定的，故A項(xiàng)“環(huán)境可以幫助決定人們的體型”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“基因是決定體型的決定性因素”，內(nèi)容與原文相反；C項(xiàng)“同卵雙胞胎可能喜歡不同的運(yùn)動”和D項(xiàng)“同卵雙胞胎可能對不同的運(yùn)動有不同的基因”文章沒有提及。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“下面哪項(xiàng)沒有被CraigSharp提到作為一個(gè)運(yùn)動員贏得奧運(yùn)會金牌的必要素質(zhì)？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章的第三段Unlessyouhavetacticalsensewhereneeded,unlessyouhaveaccesstogoodequipment,medicalcareandthepsychologicalconditions,andunlessyouareabletodriveyourselfthroughpain,allthephysicalstrengthwillbeinvain（除非你有必要的戰(zhàn)術(shù)意識，除非你有良好的設(shè)備、醫(yī)療護(hù)理和心理狀況，除非你能讓自己克服疼痛，否則所有的體力都將是無用的）可知，作為一個(gè)運(yùn)動員贏得奧運(yùn)會金牌的必要素質(zhì)就是吃苦耐勞，故D項(xiàng)“吃苦耐勞”正確。A項(xiàng)“體力”、B項(xiàng)“正確的培訓(xùn)條件”和C項(xiàng)“體育天賦”只是部分，比較片面。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“十七年前，梅根斯蒂爾被選為賽艇選手是因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)題干定位到文章的第五段，In1987,Stillhadneverpickedupanoarinherlife.Butshehadalmosttheperfectphysiqueforarower.Afterintensivetraining,shewongoldinwomen’srowinginthe1996AtlantaOlympics.（1987年，斯蒂爾一生中從未拿起過船槳，但她幾乎擁有劃艇運(yùn)動員最完美的體格，經(jīng)過高強(qiáng)度訓(xùn)練后，她在1996年亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會上贏得了女子賽艇金牌），由此可知斯蒂爾被選為賽艇選手是因?yàn)樗耐昝荔w格，故B項(xiàng)“她的身材適合劃船”正確。A項(xiàng)“她有劃船的天賦”沒有提及；C項(xiàng)“她有表現(xiàn)基因”，完美的體格與“表現(xiàn)基因”是兩個(gè)概念；D項(xiàng)“她是一個(gè)熟練的賽艇手”，內(nèi)容與原文不符。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:語義推測題。題干意思是“第五段的‘elite’是……意思”。elite表示“精英”，根據(jù)elite后面的關(guān)鍵詞athlete（運(yùn)動員）可以推測，從事運(yùn)動行業(yè)的人都是有技巧的，所以elite在這里是表示“skilled（有技巧的）”，故B項(xiàng)“最熟練的”正確。A項(xiàng)“最富有的”、C項(xiàng)“最勤勞的”和D項(xiàng)“最聰明的”都不是“有技巧的”的意思。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Tocompensateforthesubstantialdeclineintheavailabilityoffossilfuelsinfutureyears,wewillhavetoprovideatleast（）alternativeenergysource.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ananticipated

B.anofficial

C.anequivalent

D.aredundant

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：為了彌補(bǔ)未來幾年中礦物燃料供應(yīng)量的大幅度下降，我們不得不提供一種至少是（）的替代能源。

anticipated預(yù)期的，期望的；official官方的，正式的，公務(wù)的；equivalent等價(jià)的，相等的；redundant多余的，過剩的。C選項(xiàng)“相等的”符合句意。

15.單選題

Hitlerwasarmedtotheteethwhenhe（

）theSecondWorldWar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implemented

B.launched

C.took

D.practiced

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)implement“實(shí)行，實(shí)施”；B選項(xiàng)launch“發(fā)動，發(fā)起”；C選項(xiàng)take“取，拿”；D選項(xiàng)practice“練習(xí)，實(shí)行”。由題干“第二次世界大戰(zhàn)”可知“l(fā)aunch發(fā)動”符合題意，句意為：希特勒發(fā)動二戰(zhàn)時(shí)全副武裝。故答案選B。

16.單選題

Whenshelearnedthatshebroketheworldrecord,shefeltanirresistible（）tocryatthewinner'sstand.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.courtesy

B.demonstrates

C.bravery

D.impulse

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。courtesy"禮貌的",demonstrate"舉行示威游行（或集會）;說明";bravery"勇敢";impulse"突如其來的念頭;剌激,推動力"。句意：當(dāng)她得知自己打破了世界紀(jì)錄時(shí)，情不自禁地在領(lǐng)獎臺上落淚了。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

17.單選題

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual（

）

manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.retains

B.gains

C.achieves

D.acquired

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。retain“保持”；gain“獲得”，指通過努力獲得自己想要的東西；achieve“收獲，獲得”，指憑借長期的努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)；acquire“獲得”，指通過努力逐步獲得才能、知識、習(xí)慣等。通過分析，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：男士預(yù)約了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三來。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以幫你預(yù)約那天上午10點(diǎn)。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想約史密斯醫(yī)生。）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10點(diǎn)史密斯醫(yī)生。）”符合原文。

19.填空題

reconstitute

capable

power

literal

communicate

Theword“television”,derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(visio:sight)roots,can（1）beinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthe（2）ofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireorcable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronically（3）intothatsameimage.

Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicsystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehiclefor（4）,andassuchbecomesa（5）toolforreachingotherhumanbeings.

【答案】1.literally

2.capability

3.reconstituted

4.communication

5.powerful

【解析】1.句意：可以從字面上理解為來自遠(yuǎn)處的景象。此處應(yīng)用副詞形式，因此填literally。

2.句意：電視能夠?qū)⒁环鶊D像（這幅圖像被聚焦在一部攝像機(jī)內(nèi)的一塊特殊的光導(dǎo)底片上）轉(zhuǎn)換成能經(jīng)過導(dǎo)線或電纜發(fā)送出去的電子脈沖信號。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填capability。

3.句意：可以用電子學(xué)的方法把脈沖信號重新恢復(fù)成同一幅圖像。此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，因此填reconstituted。

4.句意：它是表達(dá)的手段和交流的載體。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填communication。

5.句意：因此成為聯(lián)系他人的有力工具。此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，因此填powerful。

20.單選題

Thelocalbusinesswasnotmuch___bythesuddenoutbreakoftheepidemic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intervened

B.insulated

C.hampered

D.pampered

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)intervened“介入（intervene的過去式和過去分詞）”；B選項(xiàng)insulated“有隔熱（或隔音、絕緣）保護(hù)的”；C選項(xiàng)hampered“受阻礙的”；D選項(xiàng)pampered“飲食過量的；飲食奢侈的”。句意：這種流行病的突然爆發(fā)并沒有給當(dāng)?shù)氐纳虡I(yè)帶來多大的___。本句表達(dá)“當(dāng)?shù)氐纳虡I(yè)并沒有受阻礙”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite___asmosteveningsheawakensthemwithhisdrunkensinging.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectful

B.respected

C.respectable

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的；有禮貌的（表示對……的尊重）”；B選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的（受到……的尊敬，語氣程度最深）”；C選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的；人格高尚的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的（被社會接受的，好的或正確的）”；D選項(xiàng)suitable“適當(dāng)?shù)模幌嗯涞摹?。句意：鄰居們認(rèn)為他不太___，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)晚上他都會用醉醺醺的歌聲把他們吵醒。本句表達(dá)“鄰居認(rèn)為他不太值得尊敬”，不太被鄰居接受，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned.

Whyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPby0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’sspendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate.

1.Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector（）.

2.Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas（）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould（）.

5.Theauthorbelievesthatafter2015,thegovernmentmay（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasattractedmuchattention

B.involvescertainpoliticalfactors

C.shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

D.haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.increaseditshomesupply

B.offeredspendingopportunities

C.sufferedgovernmentbiases

D.disappointedthegovernment

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

B.stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

C.preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

D.releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

B.lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference

C.contributetofundingnewdevelopments

D.relievetheministersofresponsibilities

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

B.reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

C.renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

D.stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段最后一句“Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.”但或許最重要的原因是，這個(gè)問題一直以來都帶有濃厚的政治色彩。由此可知B選項(xiàng)involvescertainpoliticalfactors涉及某些政治因素符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第四段“Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.”它需要把歷史偏見放在一邊，采取一些措施來解決我們迫切的住房需求。由此可知C選項(xiàng)sufferedgovernmentbiases遭受政府偏見符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第五段最后一句“Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.”部長唐福斯特暗示，財(cái)政大臣喬治奧斯本可能會對地方政府現(xiàn)有的住房債務(wù)上限引入更多的靈活性。由此可知A選項(xiàng)allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing允許政府增加住房債務(wù)符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。定位到文章第六段“Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.”部長們還應(yīng)著眼于在租賃環(huán)境中創(chuàng)造更大的確定性，這將對已注冊供應(yīng)商從收入中為新開發(fā)項(xiàng)目提供資金的能力產(chǎn)生重大影響。由此可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章最后一段“Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelyto