考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)燕山學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)燕山學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thewind______thecloudsandthesunwasagainvisible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispersed

B.distributed

C.displaced

D.displayed

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dispersed“使分散；驅(qū)散”；B選項(xiàng)distributed“分發(fā)；散布”；C選項(xiàng)displaced“取代；移動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)displayed“陳列；表露（特點(diǎn)、素質(zhì)、情感）”。句意：風(fēng)______云，又看得見(jiàn)太陽(yáng)了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指風(fēng)把云吹散，A選項(xiàng)dispersed“使分散；驅(qū)散”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence（）abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelintenyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】soared飆升；mutated突變，變異；plummeted驟然下跌；fluctuated波動(dòng)。根據(jù)下句“l(fā)owestlevelintenyears”可推測(cè)，這里指下跌，所以選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Therewasatrafficjam,butshe______gettothedestinationintime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.could

B.might

C.oughtto

D.wasableto

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)could“能夠（原本就具有某種能力）”；B選項(xiàng)might“也許會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)oughtto“應(yīng)該（表示期望或可能發(fā)生的事或表示勸告或建議）”；D選項(xiàng)wasableto“能夠（通過(guò)努力可以具備某種能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)有努力的過(guò)程）”。句意：雖然發(fā)生了交通擁堵，但她______及時(shí)到達(dá)目的地。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指即使因?yàn)榻煌〒矶录皶r(shí)到達(dá)目的地存在困難，但是她依然辦到了，D選項(xiàng)wasableto符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Awearabletechnologydeveloped-byresearchersatWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicinemayhelpsurgeonsto（）cancercells,whichwillhelptoensurethatnostraytumorcellsareleft-behindduringsurgicalprocedures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.utilize

B.visualize

C.transcend

D.transform

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。utilize利用；visualize顯現(xiàn)，可視化；transcend勝過(guò)，超越；transform變換，改變。由which引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容可知“這可穿戴的技術(shù)可以幫助確保癌細(xì)胞無(wú)殘留”說(shuō)明這項(xiàng)技術(shù)能夠讓外科醫(yī)生在手術(shù)過(guò)程過(guò)看清楚癌細(xì)胞。故B項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：華盛頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)的一種可穿戴技術(shù)可能有助于外科醫(yī)生看清楚癌細(xì)胞，這將有助于確保在手術(shù)過(guò)程中不會(huì)留下任何游離的腫瘤細(xì)胞。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

China’slong-runningcampaigntotightenmonetarypolicymayhavealittlemorelifeinitwitheconomistsexpectingthePeople’sBankofChinawillraiseinterestratesatleastonemoretimethisyear,asurveyofeconomistsbyDowJonesNewswiresshowedWednesday.

SixoutofteneconomistspolledsaidtheyexpectedChina’scentralbankwilllikelyraisethebenchmarklendinganddepositratesbyafurther0.25percentagepointeachthisyeartocombathighinflation.Theotherfourforecasterspredictedbetweenoneandtwohikesthroughtheendoftheyear.

ThePeople’sBankofChinaisalsolikelytoraisebanks’reserverequirementratioby50basispointsnextmonth,continuingitspatternofraisingtheratioonceamonthsofarthisyear,accordingtothesurvey.Buteconomistsexpectthepaceofsuchincreasestoslowlaterintheyear.“Withinflationstayingrelativelyhigh,theauthoritiesareunlikelytorelaxpolicytighteningintheshortterm,”ChinaInternationalCapitalCorporationLtd,economistPengWensheng(彭文生)said.

ThelatestinflationdatashowedthatChina’sconsumerpriceindexrose5.3%fromayearearlierinApril,downslightlyfromMarch’s5.4%risebutstillwellabovetheofficialfull-yeartargetofaround4%.ManyeconomistsexpectinflationtopeakinJune.

【答案】道瓊斯通訊社周三對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期的貨幣緊縮政策可能會(huì)稍微放寬一點(diǎn)，同吋也有經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望中國(guó)銀行今年至少再提高一次利率。

十分之六的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家投票支持中國(guó)中央銀行在今年將基準(zhǔn)利率和存款利率分別再提高0.25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，以應(yīng)對(duì)高通貨膨脹率。其他四個(gè)預(yù)報(bào)員預(yù)計(jì)在今年年底還會(huì)有一到兩次的提高。

調(diào)查表明，中國(guó)銀行將會(huì)延續(xù)其今年一個(gè)月提髙一次比率的態(tài)勢(shì)，在下個(gè)月可能將銀行存款準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)率提高50個(gè)基本點(diǎn)。但經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望今年這種提高的幅度能夠減緩。中國(guó)國(guó)際金融有限公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家彭文生表示，“在通脹率維持在較高水平的情況下，當(dāng)局不大可能在短期內(nèi)放寬緊縮政策”。

最新的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國(guó)的消費(fèi)者物價(jià)指數(shù)從去年四月份開(kāi)始提髙了5.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，相比三月份的5.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)有所下降，但仍遠(yuǎn)高于官方大約4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的全年目標(biāo)。許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)通貨膨脹率將在6月份達(dá)到峰值。

6.單選題

Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey（）toviolenceinordertoescape.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proceed

B.appeal

C.resort

D.incline

【答案】C

【解析】句意:一般來(lái)說(shuō)，動(dòng)物只有在落入圈套時(shí)，為了逃命才會(huì)采取暴力行為。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。proceed繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，開(kāi)始；appeal懇求，呼吁；resort訴諸，憑借某些手段，通常與介詞to搭配；incline傾向于。因此無(wú)論從搭配還是從語(yǔ)義上來(lái)說(shuō)，C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thepurposeofthelecturewasto（

）themassesoftheUnitedStateswiththeelementaryproblemsofLatinAmerica.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inform

B.acquaint

C.instruct

D.announce

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。inform“通知”；acquaint“了解”；instruct“通知，指導(dǎo)”；announce“宣布”。句意：講座的目的是為了使美國(guó)大眾了解拉丁美洲的基本問(wèn)題。acquaintsb.withsth.“使某人了解某事”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.寫作題

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“LoveandBeingLoved"accordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.

愛(ài)和被愛(ài)是人際社會(huì)關(guān)系最重要的一對(duì)因子。愛(ài)是付出，它是奉獻(xiàn)；被愛(ài)是接受，它是幸福；但它們又是相互置換。請(qǐng)你圍繞這一命題，結(jié)合事例談?wù)勀銓?duì)它們的認(rèn)識(shí)和看法。

【答案】略

9.單選題

Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.greenprettylittle

B.littlegreenpretty

C.prettylittlegreen

D.prettygreenlittle

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的順序問(wèn)題。出現(xiàn)多個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞，順序是：限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高，形狀年齡和新老；顏色國(guó)籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠。按此規(guī)律，pretty屬于限定詞，little是描述大小，green描述顏色，故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：她問(wèn)他這件漂亮的綠色小連衣裙怎么樣。故正確答案為C。

10.單選題

Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeeper,more（）emotion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compelling

B.abiding

C.violent

D.sophisticated

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。compelling“引人注目的”；abiding“持久的”；violent“暴力的”；sophisticate“復(fù)雜的”。句意：樂(lè)趣是在一種行為中體會(huì)到的?？鞓?lè)是在行為之后體會(huì)到的?？鞓?lè)的感受更深一些，并且更加持久一些。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Thechild’sparentswere______intoacceptingthedemandofthekidnappers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pleaded

B.intoxicated

C.intimidated

D.besieged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)plead“借口，為……辯護(hù)，托稱”，B項(xiàng)intoxicate“（酒或毒品）（使）麻醉，（使）中毒”，C項(xiàng)intimidate“恐嚇，威脅，脅迫”，D項(xiàng)besiege“圍困，包圍，煩擾”。由kidnappers“綁匪”可知，空格處填入“恐嚇”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：孩子的父母受到恐嚇而接受了綁架者的要求。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Discoveriesinscienceandtechnologyarethoughtby“untaughtminds”tocomeinblindingflashesorastheresultofdramaticaccidents.SirAlexanderFlemingdidnot,aslegendwouldhaveit,lookatthemold(霉)onapieceofcheeseandgettheideaforpenicillinthereandthen.Heexperimentedwithantibacterialsubstancesfornineyearsbeforehemadehisdiscovery.Inventionsandinnovationsalmostalwayscomeoutoflaborioustrialanderror.Innovationislikesoccer;eventhebestplayersmissthegoalandhavetheirshotsblockedmuchmorefrequentlythantheyscore.

Thepointisthattheplayerswhoscoremostaretheoneswhotakemostshotsatthegoal—andsoitgoeswithinnovationinanyfieldofactivity.Theprimedifferencebetweeninnovationandothersisoneofapproach.Everybodygetsideas,butinnovatorsworkconsciouslyontheirs,andtheyfollowthemthroughuntiltheyprovepracticableorotherwise.Whatordinarypeopleseeasfancifulabstractions,professionalinnovatorsseeassolidpossibilities.

“Creativethinkingmaymeansimplytherealizationthatthere’snoparticularvirtueindoingthingsthewaytheyhavealwaysbeendone,”wroteRudolphFlesch,alanguageauthority.Thisaccountsforourreactiontoseeminglysimpleinnovationslikeplasticgarbagebagsandsuitcasesonwheelsthatmakelifemoreconvenient:“Howcomenobodythoughtofhatbefore?”

Thecreativeapproachbeginswiththepropositionthatnothingisasitappears.Innovatorswillnotacceptthatthereisonlyonewaytodoanything.FacedwithgettingfromVtoB,theaveragepersonwillautomaticallysetoutonthebest-knownandapparentlysimplestroute.Theinnovatorwillsearchforalternatecourses,whichmayproveeasierinthelongrunandareboundtobemoreinterestingandchallengingeveniftheyleadtodeadends.Highlycreativeindividualsreallydomarchtoadifferentdrummer.

1.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby“untaughtminds”inthefirstparagraph?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatdiffersinnovatorsfromnon-innovators?

3.TheauthorquotesRudolphFleschinParagraph3because______.

4.Thephrase“marchtoadifferentdrummer”(thelastlineofthepassage)suggeststhathighlycreativeindividualsare______.

5.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagemightbe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Apersonignorantofthehardworkinvolvedinexperimentation.

B.Acitizenofasocietythatrestrictspersonalcreativity.

C.Apersonwhohashadnoeducation.

D.Anindividualwhooftencomesupwithnewideasbyaccident.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thevarietyofideastheyhave.

B.Theintelligencetheypossess.

C.Thewaytheydealwithproblems.

D.Thewaytheypresenttheirfindings.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.RudolphFleschisthebest-knownexpertinthestudyofhumancreativity

B.thequotationstrengthenstheassertionthatcreativeindividualslookfornewwaysofdoingthings

C.thereaderisfamiliarwithRudolphFlesch’spointofview

D.thequotationaddsanewideatotheinformationpreviouslypresented

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.diligentinpursuingtheirgoals

B.reluctanttofollowcommonwaysofdoingthings

C.devotedtotheprogressofscience

D.concernedabouttheadvanceofsociety

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.DiscoveriesandInnovation

B.WhatAreSoSpecialaboutCreativeIndividuals

C.ToBeaCreativeExpertintheStudyofHumanCreativity

D.TheRelationbetweenCreationandDiligence

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“untaughtminds”可以定位到文章第一段第一句Discoveriesinscienceandtechnologyarethoughtby“untaughtminds”tocomeinblindingflashesorastheresultofdramaticaccidents.（科學(xué)技術(shù)上的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造被“不知內(nèi)情者”看作是靈感的眩目閃現(xiàn)或戲劇性事件的結(jié)果。），接下來(lái)第二句以青霉素發(fā)明者弗萊明爵士為例，對(duì)首句進(jìn)行反駁，說(shuō)明科技發(fā)明的取得都是經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的艱苦實(shí)驗(yàn)，從失敗走向成功的，只有那些不明真相、不知其艱辛的人才會(huì)把發(fā)明創(chuàng)造想象為靈感或戲劇性事件的產(chǎn)物，所以“untaughtminds”在文中是指“不了解發(fā)明與革新的艱辛的人”。因此A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)中的艱苦工作一無(wú)所知的人”正確。B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)限制個(gè)人創(chuàng)造力的社會(huì)的公民”，C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)沒(méi)有接受過(guò)教育的人”，D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)經(jīng)常偶然想出新點(diǎn)子的人”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Theprimedifferencebetweeninnovationandothersisoneofapproach.（有創(chuàng)造力的人與他人的最大區(qū)別在于他們對(duì)待事物的方法不同。），說(shuō)明創(chuàng)新者與非創(chuàng)新者的區(qū)別在于對(duì)待事物的方法。因此C選項(xiàng)“處理問(wèn)題的方式”正確。A選項(xiàng)“想法的多樣性”，B選項(xiàng)“擁有的智慧”，D選項(xiàng)“展示他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的方式”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句“Creativethinkingmaymeansimplytherealizationthatthere’snoparticularvirtueindoingthingsthewaytheyhavealwaysbeendone,”wroteRudolphFlesch,alanguageauthority.（語(yǔ)言權(quán)威人士魯?shù)婪?弗萊什寫道：“創(chuàng)造性思維可能僅僅意味著意識(shí)到按一貫的方式做事并沒(méi)有什么特別的優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！保?，說(shuō)明作者引用弗萊什的話是為了支持自己的觀點(diǎn)：有創(chuàng)造力的人經(jīng)常探索做事的新方法。因此B想象“這段話加強(qiáng)了有創(chuàng)造力的人尋找新的做事方法的推斷”正確。A選項(xiàng)“魯?shù)婪?弗萊什是研究人類創(chuàng)造力的最著名的專家”，原文只說(shuō)它是一位語(yǔ)言權(quán)威，和研究人類創(chuàng)造力無(wú)關(guān)，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“讀者對(duì)魯?shù)婪?弗萊什的觀點(diǎn)很熟悉”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“這段引文為前面介紹的信息增加了一個(gè)新的觀點(diǎn)”，由原文可知，弗萊什的話和作者的看法是一致的，并未添加新的觀點(diǎn)和思想，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“marchtoadifferentdrummer”可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Highlycreativeindividualsreallydomarchtoadifferentdrummer.（極具創(chuàng)造力的人確實(shí)是與眾不同的。），說(shuō)明有創(chuàng)造力的人“不隨波逐流，與其他人所走的道路或所持的思路不同”，這是對(duì)文章主旨的一個(gè)形象總結(jié)。因此B選項(xiàng)“不愿意遵循普通的做事方式”正確。A選項(xiàng)“勤奮地追求自己的目標(biāo)”，C選項(xiàng)“致力于科學(xué)的進(jìn)步”，D選項(xiàng)“關(guān)注社會(huì)的進(jìn)步”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.主旨大意題。文章開(kāi)頭舉例說(shuō)明了發(fā)明及創(chuàng)新幾乎都來(lái)自于反復(fù)嘗試和失敗，接著介紹了創(chuàng)新者與其他人的主要區(qū)別在于處理問(wèn)題的方法，最后總結(jié)道極富創(chuàng)造性的人的確是標(biāo)新立異的。因此B選項(xiàng)“有創(chuàng)造力的人有什么特別之處”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)與創(chuàng)新”表述太過(guò)寬泛，不適合作為文章標(biāo)題，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“成為研究人類創(chuàng)造力的專家”，D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造與勤奮的關(guān)系”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以C,D錯(cuò)誤。

13.單選題

Nomenwereallowedto______onthelivelihoodofhisneighbor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wade

B.invoke

C.muffle

D.infringe

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.wade涉水，跋涉；費(fèi)力行走B.invoke引起，懇求；調(diào)用

C.muffle蒙住，裹??；抑制D.infringe侵犯，違反；破壞

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“不允許任何人______鄰居的生活”可知，空格處填入“打擾，破壞”符合句意，只有D項(xiàng)符合。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】不允許任何人侵犯鄰居的生活。

14.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglishWriteyourEnglishversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheet.

目前，對(duì)待科技發(fā)展存在著相互對(duì)立的兩種思潮；反科學(xué)思潮認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的發(fā)展非但沒(méi)有給人類社會(huì)帶來(lái)福音，反而帶來(lái)了災(zāi)難和毀滅；另一種是科技進(jìn)步思潮，他們認(rèn)為人類面臨的環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)失衡、資源枯竭等危機(jī)是科學(xué)發(fā)展過(guò)程中自然而然遇到的問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)一步解決的出路恰恰在于繼續(xù)大力發(fā)展科技。上述兩種觀點(diǎn)都有一定的合理性，也都有各執(zhí)一端的片面性，如果從時(shí)代的高度和辯證的觀點(diǎn)看待當(dāng)代科技的發(fā)展時(shí)，我們就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)代科學(xué)技術(shù)所面臨的問(wèn)題并不是去如何認(rèn)識(shí)現(xiàn)代科技進(jìn)步，而是從時(shí)代的需要出發(fā)，設(shè)法找到未來(lái)科技進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的理論根據(jù)所在。

【答案】Atpresent,therearetwooppositetrendsofthoughttothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Anti-scienceholdstheviewthatthedevelopmentofmodernsciencehasnotbroughtthegospeltothehumansociety,butbroughtdisasteranddestruction.Theotheristhetrendofscientificandtechnologicalprogress,whoseviewisthatenvironmentalproblemssuchaspollution,ecologicalimbalanceandresourceexhaustionoccurnaturallyintheprocessofscientificdevelopment.ItisbyvigorouslydevelopingscienceandtechnologythattheseproblemscanbefurthersolveD.Bothofthesetwoviewsarereasonableandofone-sidedness.Ifwelookatthedevelopmentofcontemporaryscienceandtechnologyfromtheperspectiveofageanddialectics,wecanfindthattheseproblemsfacedbycontemporaryscienceandtechnologyarenothowtounderstandmodernscientificandtechnologicalprogress,buttrytofindthetheoreticalbasisforthefurtherdevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinthefuturefromtheneedsofthetimes.

15.單選題

Insurancecompaniesprovideaservicetothecommunitybyprotectingitagainstexpectedandunexpecteddisasters.Beforeaninsurancecompanywillagreetoinsureanything,itcollectsaccuratefiguresabouttherisk.Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.Thisenablesittoquote（報(bào)價(jià)）lowfiguresfortravelinsurance.Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.

Anordinaryhouseholdermaywishtoprotecthishomeagainstfireorhispropertyagainstburglary.Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.Ifitinsuresashopandthenreceivesasuspiciousclaim,itwillinvestigatetheclaimasameansofprotectingitselfagainstfalseclaims.Itisnotunknownforabusinessmanindebttoburndownhisownpremises（房產(chǎn)）sothathecanclaimmuchmoneyfromhisinsurancecompany.Hecanbesurethatthefirewillbeinvestigatedmostcarefully.Insurancecompaniesalsoacceptinsuranceagainstshipwreckordisasterintheair.Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.

Everyweekinsurancecompaniesreceivepremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.Thesepaymentscanformaverylargetotalrunningintomillionsofdollars.Thecompanydoesnotleavethemoneyinthebank.Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphinthepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.Theword“quote”（Line3,Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatifaccidentswillhappenninetimesoutoftenormore,theinsurancecompanywill（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,ifanairplanehasanaccident-freerecord,itusuallypaystotheinsurancecompany（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingwilltheinsurancecompanyNOTprovideinsuranceservicefor?

6.Howdoinsurancecompaniesmakeprofit?

7.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Apassengerbyairwilltakelessriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.

B.Apassengerbyairwilltakegreaterriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.

C.Apassengerbyairwillhavetopaymoretotheinsurancecompanythanamountainclimber.

D.Amotoristshouldpaythehighestpricetotheinsurancecompany.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.receive

B.accept

C.take

D.offer

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.giveamuchhigherprice

B.quotethehighestprice

C.notprovideinsuranceservice

D.chargealowerpremium

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargepremium

B.lesspremium

C.nopremium

D.thesamepremiumastheothercompanies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Mountaineers.

B.Ordinaryhouseholders.

C.Airlineswithanaccidentfreerecord.

D.Shopkeeperswithsuspiciousstatisticalrecords.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Byreceivingpremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.

B.Bychargingcommissiontocustomers.

C.Byinvestinginsomeindustriesandproducts.

D.Byprovidingservices.

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.thattheinsurancecompanyisgreedyofprofit

B.thattheinsurancecompanymakeslargesumofmoneyeveryweek

C.thattheinsurancecompanymakesagreatprofitbyinvestingitsmoneyindifferentitem

D.toshowtheinsurancecompanymakesuseofitsincomeandthereasonwhyitshoulddoso

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A：一名空中乘客被殺害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小于橫穿交通繁忙的馬路的行人。B：乘飛機(jī)的乘客比穿越繁忙道路的人面臨更大的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第一段指出：Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.（例如，它知道一個(gè)人在飛機(jī)事故中喪生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要小于他穿過(guò)一條繁忙的馬路所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）。因此A項(xiàng)正確，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C：一名空中乘客必須比一名爬山者向保險(xiǎn)公司支付更高的保費(fèi)。第一段指出：Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering（有時(shí)候，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高，就像在賽車或登山運(yùn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）。由此可知，賽車或登山運(yùn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比前面提到的空中遇難要高，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D：賽車手應(yīng)該向保險(xiǎn)公司支付最高的保費(fèi)。文章并未提及此項(xiàng)。因此本題選A。

2.【試題解析】詞義題。對(duì)于“quote”的理解可參考此句：Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.（通常，保險(xiǎn)公司會(huì)檢查它的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)并給出保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的……如果情況可疑，它可能會(huì)拒絕報(bào)價(jià)）。由此可知，“quote”表示“開(kāi)價(jià)，報(bào)價(jià)”，故選D。

3.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第一段指出：Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.（有時(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高，比如賽車或登山。然后公司會(huì)收取更高的價(jià)格。如果太多登山者發(fā)生事故，價(jià)格就會(huì)進(jìn)一步上漲。如果大多數(shù)登山者從山上摔下來(lái)，公司將拒絕為他們投保）。由此可知，如果事故發(fā)生率為十分之九或更高，保險(xiǎn)公司將拒保，故選C項(xiàng)“不提供保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)”。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段最后一句指出：Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.（飛機(jī)和船舶非常昂貴，所以保費(fèi)也很高，但是如果受保公司沒(méi)有事故記錄，保險(xiǎn)公司將減少保費(fèi)）。由此可知，如果航空公司沒(méi)有事故記錄，它通常會(huì)向保險(xiǎn)公司支付較低的保費(fèi)，因此B項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出：Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.（店主可能希望投保防盜險(xiǎn)。一般情況下，公司會(huì)對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行核對(duì)，然后追加報(bào)價(jià)。如有可疑情況，公司可能會(huì)拒絕報(bào)價(jià)）。

6.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出：Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.（它投資于房地產(chǎn)、股票、農(nóng)場(chǎng)，甚至古董繪畫和郵票。它的目的是獲得最好的投資回報(bào)。這并不像看起來(lái)那么貪婪，因?yàn)檫@是一種方法，使保險(xiǎn)公司能夠降低保費(fèi)為投保對(duì)象提供服務(wù)的同時(shí)繼續(xù)盈利）。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)投資一些行業(yè)和產(chǎn)品”正確。

7.【試題解析】主旨大意題。最后一段主要講的是保險(xiǎn)公司如何利用收取的保費(fèi)進(jìn)行投資、降低保費(fèi)繼續(xù)盈利進(jìn)而造福社會(huì)，因此D項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明保險(xiǎn)公司利用其收入和為什么這么做的原因”比較符合最后一段大意。

16.問(wèn)答題

With(A)thewordscientistwemeanonewhoisequippedto(B)spendalifetimefor(C)theadvancementofsciencetothebest(D)ofone'sability.

【答案】試題答案：A;By

【解析】考查介詞用法。with意為“和，同，具有”，此處表示“根據(jù)科學(xué)家這個(gè)詞，我們說(shuō)的是一個(gè)……”，因此用by（根據(jù)，按照）。

17.單選題

Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.Ifthethingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter.Youeitherhavescienceoryoudon't,andifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.

TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorantaboutnature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsofbiology.Itis,initsway,anilluminatingpieceofnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenmenttobetoldbyanyofushow

littleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead.Itisthissuddenconfrontationwiththedepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemostsignificantcontributionofthe20thcenturysciencetothehumanintellect.Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwehavebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotallyignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityofignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.

Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobesomesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,theremaywellbequestionswecan'tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,reallygoodscience（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat"scientistsofthe18thcentury（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofscientistsinearliertimes?

4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsscience?

5.Theauthorbelievesthat（

）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldsurprisethebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment

B.willproduceresultswhichcannotbeforeseen

C.willhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvance

D.willbringaboutdisturbingresults

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthattheyknewagreatdealandcouldsolvemostproblemsofscience

B.wereafraidoffacinguptotherealitiesofscientificresearch

C.knewthattheywereignorantandwantedtoknowmoreaboutnature

D.didmoreharmthangoodinpromotingman’sunderstandingofnature

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyinventedfalsetheoriestoexplainthingstheydidn’tunderstand.

B.Theyfalselyclaimedtoknowallaboutnature.

C.Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobservation.

D.Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn'tunderstand.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heisdepressedbecauseoftheignoranceofscientists.

B.Heisdoubtfulbecauseoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.

C.Heisconfidentthoughheisawareoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.

D.Heisdelightedbecauseoftheilluminatingscientificfindings.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.mancanfindsolutionstowhateverquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkup

B.mancannotsolvealltheproblemshecanthinkupbecauseofthelimitsofhumanintellect

C.soonerorlatermancanthinkupallthequestionsconcerningnatureandanswerthem

D.questionsconcerningconsciousnessareoutsidethescopeofscientificresearch

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段ifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict提到真正好的科學(xué)不可能被預(yù)測(cè)，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第二段Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment（啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)）tobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead提到如果我們中任何一個(gè)去告訴18世紀(jì)啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)中那些最聰明的人，我們知道的很少并且前途迷茫，他們會(huì)對(duì)此表示驚訝。由此可知，這些科學(xué)家與我們的想法相反的，他們認(rèn)為他們知道的很多，并且能解決很多問(wèn)題，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章第二段Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps提到在早期我們要么假裝知道事物的工作原理，要么忽視問(wèn)題，或者簡(jiǎn)單的編造一些故事來(lái)填補(bǔ)空白。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段提到我們遲早會(huì)解決包括人類意識(shí)在內(nèi)的所有我們能想到的問(wèn)題，還表示只要我們堅(jiān)持、專注，就能想到答案。可以看出作者是非常有信心的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.文章最后一段theremaywellbequestionswecan’tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers提到會(huì)有一些問(wèn)題我們想不到，但是在我們的局限范圍內(nèi)，我們應(yīng)該能夠努力得到所有的答案，由此可知我們不能想到所有問(wèn)題，但是可以解決能想到的問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.單選題

ThemostthoroughlystudiedintellectualsinthehistoryoftheNewWorldaretheministersandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.AccordingtothestandardhistoryofAmericanphilosophy,nowhereelseincolonialAmericawas“somuchimportanceattachedtointellectualpursuits.”Accordingtomanybooksandarticles,NewEngland’sleadersestablishedthebasicthemesandpreoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritan(清教徒)traditioninAmericanintellectuallife.

TomakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeantostartwiththePuritans’theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch—importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.Butinkeepingwithourexaminationofsouthernintellectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeanculture,adjustingtoNewWorldcircumstances.TheNewEnglandcolonieswerethescenesofimportantepisodesinthepursuitofwidelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity.

TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmenofimpressiveeducationandinfluenceinEngland.BesidestheninetyorsolearnedministerswhocametoMassachusettschurchinthedecadeafter1629,therewerepoliticalleaderslikeJohnWinthrop,aneducatedgentleman,lawyer,andofficialofthecrownbeforehejourneyedtoBoston.Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofintellectualearnestness.

Weshouldnotforget,however,thatmostNewEnglanderswerelesswelleducated.Whilefewcraftsmenorfarmersletalonedependentsandservants,leftliterarycompositionstobeanalyzed,itisobviousthattheirviewswerelessfullyintellectualized.Theirthinkingoftenhadatraditionalsuperstitiousquality.AtailornamedJohnDane,whoimmigratedinthelate1630s:leftanaccountofhisreasonsforleavingEnglandthatisfilledwithsigns.Sexualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope—allcametogetherinadecisivemomentwhenheopenedtheBible,toldhisfatherthefirstlinehesawwouldsettlehisfate,andreadthemagicalwords:“comeoutfromamongthem,touchnouncleanthing,andIwillbeyourGodandyoushallbymypeople.”O(jiān)newonderswhatDanethoughtofthecarefulsermonsexplainingtheBiblethatheheardinpuritanchurches.

Meanwhile,manysettlershadslighterreligiouscommitmentsthanDane’s,asoneclergymanlearnedinconfrontingfolkalongthecoastwhomockedthattheyhadnotcometotheNewWorldforreligion.“Ourmainendwastocatchfish.”

26.Theauthorholdsthatintheseventeenth-centuryNewEngland________.

27.ItissuggestedinParagraph2thatNewEnglanders________.

28.TheearlyministersandpoliticalleadersinMassachusettsBay________.

29.ThestoryofJohnDaneshowsthatlesswell-educatedNewEnglanderswereoften________.

30.ThetextsuggeststhatearlysettlersinNewEngland________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.puritantraditiondominatedpoliticallife

B.intellectualinterestwereencouraged

C.politicsbenefitedmuchfromintellectualendeavors

D.intellectualpursuitsenjoyedaliberalenvironment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.experiencedacomparativelyearlyhistory

B.broughtwiththemthecultureoftheOldWorld

C.paidlittleattentiontosouthernintellectuallife

D.wereobsessedwithreligiousinnovations

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.werefamousintheNewWorldfortheirwritings

B.gainedincreasingimportanceinreligionsaffairs

C.abandonedhighpositionsbeforecomingtotheNewWorld

D.createdanewintellectualatmosphereinNewEngland

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.influencedbysuperstitions

B.troubledwithreligiousbeliefs

C.puzzledbychurchsermons

D.frustratedwithfamilyearnings

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)