人教七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)題

一、詞匯拓展turn翻；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向fturningn.轉(zhuǎn)彎處cross.橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)facrossprep.橫過(guò)；在對(duì)面—crossingn.十字路口enjoyv享受；喜愛(ài)—enjoymentn.樂(lè)趣；愉快的事—enjoyableadj.快樂(lè)的；令人愉快的noisen.噪音；嘈雜聲fnoisyadj.嘈雜的；吵鬧的—noisilyadv.吵鬧地；嘈雜地climbv.爬一climbern.攀登者；登山者freeadj.自由的；閑著的；免費(fèi)的一freedomn自由easyadj.容易的；簡(jiǎn)單的一easilyadv.容易地；輕而易舉地quickadj.快的；迅速的一quicklyadv.快地；迅速地二、短語(yǔ)1)postoffice由1)postoffice由E局(2)payphone付費(fèi)電話policestation警察局；派出斷(4)clothesstore服裝店5)freetime空閑時(shí)間(6)freshair新鮮空氣7)tumleft/right向左5)freetime空閑時(shí)間(6)freshair新鮮空氣7)tumleft/right向左/右轉(zhuǎn)(8)tumleft/rightat..在(地方)9)goalong沿著走(10)godown順著.往下走(11)goacross(11)goacross橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)(12)goshopping去購(gòu)物(13)getto到達(dá)(13)getto到達(dá)同reach或arriveat/in.…spendtime/weekends度過(guò)時(shí)光/周末enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事watchsh/sth,doingsth.觀看某人/某物在做某事watchsb./sth.觀看某人/物做某事playChinesechess下中國(guó)象棋walkout走出去；步行外出crossthestreet橫過(guò)街道二goacrossthestreetbegoodat在方面好，擅長(zhǎng)于二dowellinbefarfrom離(地方)遠(yuǎn)(23acrossfrom在對(duì)面nextto在旁邊；靠近同besidebetweenAandB在A與B之間infrontof在.前面onone's/theleft/right在(某人的)左邊/右邊onschooldays在學(xué)校上課(29)atthecrossing在十字路口(30)nearhere在附近(31)inlife在一生中；在生活中intheneighborhood在附近，同nearhereNoproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題；沒(méi)什么；不用謝onthestreet/road在街/路上(35)Excuseme打擾一下(36)onweekends在周末三、知識(shí)點(diǎn)spend動(dòng)詞，表示“花(時(shí)間、金錢)”spend…。口sth.(名詞)“在某事或某物上花費(fèi)金錢或時(shí)間"spend…(訕)doingsth.“花費(fèi)金錢或時(shí)間做某事”.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework..Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.pay動(dòng)詞，表示“付錢；付費(fèi)；付款”(過(guò)去式為paid)payfor+物“付錢買某物".Hepaidforthebooks.pay+錢+for+物“付多少錢買某物".Hepaid200yuanforthebooks.paysb.somemoneyforsth..Hepaidher20dollarsfortheshoes.cost“花費(fèi)”通常以物作主語(yǔ)，某物花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間或金錢。take；Ittakessb.+時(shí)間/金錢todosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.四、知識(shí)點(diǎn)enjoyv.表示“享受；喜愛(ài)”一enjoyableadj.表示“高興的enjoysth./sb.“喜歡某物/某人”.Doyouenjoythisbook?enjoydoingsth.“喜歡做某事”.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime表示“玩得高興”.Doyouenjoyyourselftoday?havefun(in)doingsth.“做某事很有樂(lè)趣”.Wehavefun(in)learningandspeakingEnglish.五、知識(shí)點(diǎn)cross動(dòng)詞表示“橫過(guò)；越過(guò)”二goacross.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.across介詞表示“橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)”.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Through介詞，表示"(從中間)穿過(guò)”.gothroughtheforest/park注：across表示從一定范圍的一邊另一邊，動(dòng)作在物體表面進(jìn)行。.go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/street六、知識(shí)點(diǎn)see/watch/hearsb.dosth.表示“看見(jiàn)/觀看/聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事”的全過(guò)程see/watch/hearsb.doingsth.表示“看見(jiàn)/觀看/聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.Ioftenhearsomegirlssingintheclassroom.七、知識(shí)點(diǎn)⑴turn"轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)身"turnleft/right向左/右轉(zhuǎn)含有turn的短語(yǔ)：Turnon/off打開(kāi)/關(guān)閉turnup/down調(diào)高/調(diào)低Turn“變，變成”用作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Thetreesturngreen.用作名詞“順序，輪流”It'sone'sturntodosth.表示“輪到某人做某事”.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom.ftaketurnstodosth.表示“輪流去做某事”Pleasetaketurnstotellstories.七、知識(shí)點(diǎn)Onthewayto+地點(diǎn)表示“去…的路”.Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?注意：home,here,there是地點(diǎn)副詞，表示到這幾個(gè)地方去的時(shí)候，前面的介詞要省略。八、知識(shí)點(diǎn)Therebe句型1.Therebe句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Therebe+sb./sth.+地點(diǎn)表示“在某地有某人或某物”.Thereisabankintheneighborhood.Therebe句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)以后面的第一個(gè)名詞保持一致?！绻竺娴拿~是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is..Thereissomesaladonthetable.▲如果后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用are..Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.▲如果Therebe句型中有多個(gè)名詞，be動(dòng)詞通常與第一個(gè)名詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。E.g.Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.Therebe句型的一般疑問(wèn)句：將be動(dòng)詞提到句首?！狝rethereanystudentsintheclassroom?肯定回答：Yes,thereis/are.否定回答：No,thereisn't/aren't.Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加notisapostofficenearhear.—Thereisn'tapostofficenearhear.Therebe句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞(組)+be+there+其他.Therearethreepensinmyschoolbag.(請(qǐng)對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)).—Howmanypensarethereinyourschoolbag?【拓展】therebe和have都表示“有..."，但有所區(qū)別：①含義不同。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是“某地有某物/人”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“存在關(guān)系”；have則表示“某人/某物所有”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“所屬關(guān)系”。.Thereisabusinourfactory.Ourfactoryhasabus.②句型不同。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的句型為“Therebe+某物/某人+某地”,否定句是把not放在be之后，疑問(wèn)句是把be提到句首；have句型為“某人/某物+have/has+某物/某人"，否定句通常是在have前加don't(has前加doesn't)，疑問(wèn)句是在句首加do(第三人稱單數(shù)加does)。.Thereisn'tacatunderthechair.Shedoesn'thavetwobrothers.用thereis或thereare還是用have或has均取決于句子的主語(yǔ)。但therebe句型里有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，be習(xí)慣上和最靠近的那個(gè)在數(shù)上保持一致。F.g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.Therearesomebikesunderthetree.Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Youhaveanewbook./Youhavesomenewbooks.Hehasanewbook./Hehavesomenewbooks.當(dāng)表示某物的構(gòu)成和組成部分時(shí)，用therebe和have均可。.Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.(=Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.)十、知識(shí)點(diǎn)表示地點(diǎn)方位的主要介詞運(yùn)用under"在下面"Behind"在后面”Near"在附近”nearhere=intheneighborhoodnextto表示"在...旁邊；靠近；緊挨著”，后接表地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。Thepayphoneisnexttothelibrary.【辨析】near也表示"在...旁邊”，但與nextto有所區(qū)別：從空間上講，near只表示"在...旁邊；在???附近”而nextto有“緊挨著”之意；也就是說(shuō)nextto比near靠的更近。acrossfrom意為"在的對(duì)面"，后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。Weliveacrossfromthestreet.【辨析】between和amongbetween表示“在....中間"，常與and連接，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)between....and,指在兩者之間.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.▲among也表示“在中間”，指在三者或三者以上的中間。Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.【辨析】infrontof/inthefrontof都表示“在...前面"infrontof指在物體外部的前面Thefrontof指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Theteacher'sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。brothersenjoy__playing__(play)soccerafterclass.2．Katespendsmuchtime__speaking__(speak)Englisheverymorning.3．Rosecanfindthehotel__easily__(easy)withthehelpofthegirl.4．Youshouldturnrightatthesecond__crossing__(cross)．5．Thechildrenlovetowatchmonkeys__climbing__(climb)trees.uncleoftenworkslatebecausehehasalotofworktodo(do).schoolheoftengoes(go)shoppinginthesupermarket.yoursisterlikereading(read)inhersparetime(業(yè)余時(shí)間)？havefun___walking__(walk)inthepark.10.Thanks(thank)forhelpingme.二、單項(xiàng)選擇(B)mustrideyourbiketherightsideoftheroad.A.atB.onC.inD.for(A)arealotofpeopleandcarsonNew'sastreet.A.busyB.smallC.bigD.dirty(D)3.—Peter，arethesepicturesyours？—spendtwohourseveryday.A．drawB．todrawingC．drewD．drawing(C)don'thavemuchtimeonschooldays.A．cleanB．easyC．freeD．cute(A)5.—Walkthisstreet，andturn．Youcanseethesupermarket.—Thankyou.A．a(chǎn)long；leftB．a(chǎn)long；theleftC．to；leftD．to；theleft(D)muchdoyouthebook?A．payB．takeC．spendD．payfor7.—Whois___manwithamonkeyoverthere?一Oh,heismyisacrobat(雜技演員).A．the；aB．the；anC．a(chǎn)；anD．a(chǎn)；a(B)8.一Doyouenjoycomputergamesonweekends?一Yes,Ido.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.plays(B)somemilkinthebox.A.hasB.isC.areD.have(A)10.—Paul,isthereapostofficenearourschool?一.It'sjustnexttothesupermarket.A.Yes,thereisB.Yes,itisC.No,thereisn'tD.Yes,theyare(A)11.一What'sinthebox?A.TherearesomeapplesinitB.TheyareapplesC.ItisanappleD.Thisisanapple12.—Isthereapayphoneintheneighborhood?—Yes，it'sCenterStreettheright.A．from；onB．on；atC．on；onD．on；in(C)13.—DoyouknowthestudentDavidandJack?—'sJim.A．a(chǎn)mongB．inC．betweenD．a(chǎn)round(A)thejobin10days，wehavetoworkdayangnight.A．TofinishB．FinishC．FinishingD．Isfinishing(C)15.—Whereisthebank?A．It'sblackB．It'sinterestingC．It'snexttotheparkD．It'sgreat(C)thereanearhere？Iwanttoeatriceandchicken.A．policestationB．ParkC．restaurantD．zoo17.—Isthejuice？—Yes，youdon'tneedtopayforit.A．freeB．healthyC．deliciousD．coldworkisnotcanfinishit.A．lateB．easilyC．backD．hard19.—Jimalwaystoomuchtimeoncomputergames.—That'stoobad.A．spendsB．makesC．turnsD．keepsenjoyintherivernearmyhouseinsummer.A．swimB．SwimmingC．toswimmingD．toswim(B)liketowatchmysister.A．todrawB．drawingC．todrawingD．draws(B)toschoolontime，Jackieupearlyeverymorning.A．Getting；getsB．Toget；getsC．Getting；getD．Toget；gettellsusthatwehavetoturnleft.(B)25.—Arethereanybooksonthedesk?—therearesomeCDs.A．Yes，thereareB．No，therearen'tC．Yes，theyareD．No，thereisn't(B)26.—isthepostoffice?—It'snexttothehospital.A．HowB．WhereC．WhatD．When(A)asmallpostofficeandsomebookstoresintheschool.A．isB．a(chǎn)reC．a(chǎn)mD．be28.—？—Well，I'mnewthereaparkaroundhere?A．WhoareyouB．HowareyouC．HowcanIhelpyouD．Whereareyoufrom29.—Thankyousomuch.A．That'srightB．GoodluckC．NoproblemD．Soundsgrea(B)straightandturnright.A.goingB.goC.togo三、完形填空。從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mynameis__16__inabigcitywithmyhomeisonthesixth__17__ofatallbuilding健筑物).It'sabeautiful__18__14'sona__19__arealotofcarsandpeoplethestreetisvery__20，__soIdon'tlikeit.Buttherearealotof__21__tohavecan__22__gamesinthewecantakea__23__inthegarden(花園).SometimesIreadbooksinthe__24__.It'sreallyenjoyreadingyoulikeourneighborhood？Ifyoulike，__25__tomy'sonGreenStreet.(B)B．liveC．haveD．go(C)B．parkC．floorD．house(D)B．h