沖壓工藝與外文翻譯文檔

..12.外文翻譯1.ThemolddesigningandmanufacturingThemoldisthemanufacturingindustryimportantcraftfoundation,inourcountry,themoldmanufacturebelongstothespecialpurposeequipmentmanufacturingindustry.Chinaalthoughveryalreadystartstomakethemoldandtheusemold,butlong-termhasnotformedtheindustry.Straightstabs0centuries80'slaterperiods,theChinesemoldindustryonlythendrivesintothedevelopmentspeedway.Recentyears,notonlythestate-ownedmoldenterprisehadtheverybigdevelopment,thethreeinvestmentsenterprise,thevillagesandtowns<individual>themoldenterprise'sdevelopmentalsorapidquietly.AlthoughtheChinesemoldindustrialdevelopmentrapid,butcompareswiththedemand,obviouslyfallsshortofdemand,itsmaingapconcentratespreciselyto,large-scale,iscomplex,thelonglifemolddomain.Asaresultofinaspectandsoonmoldprecision,life,manufacturecycleandproductivity,Chinaandtheinternationalaveragehorizontalandthedevelopedcountrystillhadabiggerdisparity,therefore,neededmassivelytoimportthemoldeveryyear.TheChinesemoldindustrymustcontinuetosharpentheproductivity,fromnowonwillhaveemphaticallytotheprofessioninternalstructureadjustmentandthestate-of-artenhancement.Thestructureadjustmentaspect,mainlyistheenterprisestructuretothespecializedadjustment,theproductstructuretocentertheupscalemolddevelopment,totheimportandexportstructureimprovement,centertheupscaleautomobilecovermoldforminganalysisandthestructureimprovement,themulti-purposecompoundmoldandthecompoundprocessingandthelasertechnologyinthemolddesignmanufactureapplication,thehigh-speedcutting,thesuperfinishingandpolishedthetechnology,theinformationdirectiondevelops.Therecentyears,themoldprofessionstructureadjustmentandtheorganizationalreformstepenlarges,mainlydisplayedin,large-scale,precise,wascomplex,thelonglife,centertheupscalemoldandthemoldstandardletterdevelopmentspeedishigherthanthecommonmoldproduct;Theplasticmoldandthecompressioncastingmoldproportionincreases;Specializedmoldfactoryquantityanditsproductivityincrease;"Thethreeinvestments"andtheprivateenterprisedevelopsrapidly;Thejointstocksystemtransformationstepspeedsupandsoon.Distributesfromthearealooked,takeZhejiangDeltaandYangtzeRiverdeltaascentralsoutheastcoastalareadevelopmentquicklytomid-westarea,southdevelopmentquicklytonorth.Atpresentdevelopsquickest,themoldproducesthemostcentralizedprovinceisGuangdongandZhejiang,placessuchasJiangsu,Shanghai,AnhuiandShandongalsohasabiggerdevelopmentinrecentyears.1.模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造模具是制造業(yè)的重要工藝基礎(chǔ),在我國模具制造屬于專用設(shè)備制造業(yè)。中國雖然很早就開始制造模具和使用模具,但長期未形成產(chǎn)業(yè)。直到20世紀(jì)80年代后期,中國模具工業(yè)才駛?cè)氚l(fā)展的快車道。近年,不僅國有模具企業(yè)有了很大發(fā)展,三資企業(yè)、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)〔個體模具企業(yè)的發(fā)展也相當(dāng)迅速。雖然中國模具工業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,但與需求相比,顯然供不應(yīng)求,其主要缺口集中于精密、大型、復(fù)雜、長壽命模具領(lǐng)域。由于在模具精度、壽命、制造周期及生產(chǎn)能力等方面,中國與國際平均水平和發(fā)達(dá)國家仍有較大差距,因此,每年需要大量進(jìn)口模具。中國模具產(chǎn)業(yè)除了要繼續(xù)提高生產(chǎn)能力,今后更要著重于行業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和技術(shù)發(fā)展水平的提高。結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整方面,主要是企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)向?qū)I(yè)化調(diào)整,產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)向著中高檔模具發(fā)展,向進(jìn)出口結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn),中高檔汽車覆蓋件模具成形分析及結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)、多功能復(fù)合模具和復(fù)合加工及激光技術(shù)在模具設(shè)計(jì)制造上的應(yīng)用、高速切削、超精加工及拋光技術(shù)、信息化方向發(fā)展。近年,模具行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和體制改革步伐加大,主要表現(xiàn)在,大型、精密、復(fù)雜、長壽命、中高檔模具及模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件發(fā)展速度高于一般模具產(chǎn)品；塑料模和壓鑄模比例增大；專業(yè)模具廠數(shù)量及其生產(chǎn)能力增加；"三資"及私營企業(yè)發(fā)展迅速；股份制改造步伐加快等。從地區(qū)分布來看,以珠江三角洲和長江三角洲為中心的東南沿海地區(qū)發(fā)展快于中西部地區(qū),南方的發(fā)展快于北方。目前發(fā)展最快、模具生產(chǎn)最為集中的省份是XX和XX,XX、上海、XX和XX等地近幾年也有較大發(fā)展。2.MoldPresentStatusofTechnologyTechnicallevelofChina’smoldindustrycurrentlyuneven,withwidedisparitiesgenerallyspeaking,withthedevelopedindustrialcountries,HongKongandTaiwanadvancedlevel,thereisalargegap.TheuseofCAD/CAM/CAE/CAPPandothertechnicaldesignandmanufacturemolds,eitherwideapplication,ortechnicallevel,thereisabiggapbetweenboth.IntheapplicationofCADtechnologydesignmolds,onlyabout10%ofthemoldusedinthedesignofCAD,asidefromdrawingboardstillhasalongwaytogo;intheapplicationofCAEdesignandanalysisofmoldcalculation,itwasjuststarted,mostofthegameisstillintrialstagesandanimation;intheapplicationofCAMtechnologymanufacturingmolds,first,thelackofadvancedmanufacturingequipment,andsecond,theexistingprocessequipment<includingthelast10yearstheintroductionofadvancedequipment>orcomputerstandard<IBMPCandcompatibles,HPworkstations,etc.>different,orbecauseofdifferencesinbytes,processingspeeddifferences,differencesinresistancetoelectromagneticinterference,networkingislow,onlyabout5%ofthemoldmanufacturingequipmentofrecentworkinthistask;intheapplicationprocessplanningCAPPtechnology,basicallyablankstate,basedontheneedforalotofstandardizationwork;inthemoldcommontechnology,suchasmoldrapidprototypingtechnology,polishing,electroformingtechnologies,surfacetreatmenttechnologyaspectsofCAD/CAMtechnologyinChinahasjuststarted.Computer-aidedtechnology,softwaredevelopment,isstillatlowlevel,theaccumulationofknowledgeandexperiencerequired.Mostofourmoldfactory,moldprocessingequipmentshopold,longinthelengthofcivilianservice,accuracy,lowefficiency,stillusetheordinaryforging,turning,milling,planning,drilling,grindingandprocessingequipment,mold,heattreatmentisstillinusesaltbath,box-typefurnace,operatingwiththeexperienceofworkers,poorlyequipped,highenergyconsumption.Renewalofequipmentisslow,technologicalinnovation;technologicalprogressisnotmuchintensity.Althoughinrecentyearsintroducedmanyadvancedmoldprocessingequipment,butaretooscattered,ornotcomplete,onlyabout25%utilization,equipment,someoftheadvancedfunctionsarenotgivenfullplay.2.我國模具的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀工業(yè)目前技術(shù)水平參差不齊,懸殊較大。從總體上來講,與發(fā)達(dá)工業(yè)國家及港臺地區(qū)先進(jìn)水平相比,還有較大的差距。在采用CAD/CAM/CAE/CAPP等技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)與制造模具方面,無論是應(yīng)用的廣泛性,還是技術(shù)水平上都存在很大的差距。在應(yīng)用CAD技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)模具方面,僅有約10%的模具在設(shè)計(jì)中采用了CAD,距拋開繪圖板還有漫長的一段路要走；在應(yīng)用CAE進(jìn)行模具方案設(shè)計(jì)和分析計(jì)算方面,也才剛剛起步,大多還處于試用和動畫游戲階段；在應(yīng)用CAM技術(shù)制造模具方面,一是缺乏先進(jìn)適用的制造裝備,二是現(xiàn)有的工藝設(shè)備〔包括近10多年來引進(jìn)的先進(jìn)設(shè)備或因計(jì)算機(jī)制式〔IBM微機(jī)及其兼容機(jī)、HP工作站等不同,或因字節(jié)差異、運(yùn)算速度差異、抗電磁干擾能力差異等,聯(lián)網(wǎng)率較低,只有5%左右的模具制造設(shè)備近年來才開展這項(xiàng)工作；在應(yīng)用CAPP技術(shù)進(jìn)行工藝規(guī)劃方面,基本上處于空白狀態(tài),需要進(jìn)行大量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化基礎(chǔ)工作；在模具共性工藝技術(shù),如模具快速成型技術(shù)、拋光技術(shù)、電鑄成型技術(shù)、表面處理技術(shù)等方面的CAD/CAM技術(shù)應(yīng)用在我國才剛起步。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助技術(shù)的軟件開發(fā),尚處于較低水平,需要知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累。我國大部分模具廠、車間的模具加工設(shè)備陳舊,在役期長、精度差、效率低,至今仍在使用普通的鍛、車、銑、刨、鉆、磨設(shè)備加工模具,熱處理加工仍在使用鹽浴、箱式爐,操作憑工人的經(jīng)驗(yàn),設(shè)備簡陋,能耗高。設(shè)備更新速度緩慢,技術(shù)改造,技術(shù)進(jìn)步力度不大。雖然近年來也引進(jìn)了不少先進(jìn)的模具加工設(shè)備,但過于分散,或不配套,利用率一般僅有25%左右,設(shè)備的一些先進(jìn)功能也未能得到充分發(fā)揮。3.Dietrend<1>MoldsoftwarefeaturesintegratedDiesoftwarefeaturesofintegratedsoftwaremodulesrequiredrelativelycomplete,whilethefunctionmoduleusingthesamedatamodel,inordertoachieveSyndicatednewsmanagementandsharingofinformationtosupportthemolddesign,manufacture,assembly,inspection,testingandproductionmanagementoftheentireprocesstoachieveoptimalbenefits.SeriessuchastheUKDelcam'ssoftwarewillincludeasurface/solidgeometricmodeling,engineeringdrawingcomplexgeometry,advancedrenderingindustrialdesign,plasticmolddesignexpertsystem,complexphysicalCAM,artisticdesignandsculptureautomaticprogrammingsystem,reverseengineeringandcomplexsystemsphysicallinemeasurementsystems.Ahigherdegreeofintegrationofthesoftwareincludes:Pro/ENGINEER,UGandCATIA,etc..ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,ChinawithfiniteelementanalysisofmetalplasticformingsystemsandDieCAD/CAMsystems;BeijingBeihangHaierSoftwareLtd.CAXASeriessoftware;JilinGoldGridEngineeringResearchCenterofthestampingdiemoldCAD/CAE/CAMsystems.<2>Molddesign,analysisandmanufactureofthree-dimensionalTwo-dimensionalmoldoftraditionalstructuraldesigncannolongermeetmoderntechnicalrequirementsofproductionandintegration.Molddesign,analysis,manufacturingthree-dimensionaltechnology,paperlesssoftwarerequiredtomoldanewgenerationofthree-dimensional,intuitivesensetodesignthemold,usingthree-dimensionaldigitalmodelcanbeeasilyusedintheproductstructureofCAEanalysis,toolingmanufacturabilityevaluationandCNCmachining,formingprocesssimulationandinformationmanagementandsharing.SuchasPro/E,UGandCATIAsoftwaresuchaswithparametric,feature-based,allrelevantcharacteristics,sothatmoldconcurrentengineeringpossible.Inaddition,CimarroncompanyMoldexpert,Delcam'sPs-moldandHitachiShipbuildingofSpace-E/moldareprofessionalinjectionmold3Ddesignsoftware,interactive3Dcavity,coredesign,moldbasedesignconfigurationandtypicalstructure.AustraliancompanyMoldflowrealisticthree-dimensionalflowsimulationsoftwareMoldflowAdvisersbeenwidelypraisedbyusersandapplications.ChinaHuazhongUniversityofSciencehasdevelopedsimilarsoftwareHSC3D4.5FandZhengzhouUniversity,Z-moldsoftware.Formanufacturing,knowledge-basedintelligentsoftwarefunctionisameasureofdieimportantsignofadvancedandpracticalone.SuchasinjectionmoldingexpertsCimarron’ssoftwarecanautomaticallygeneratepartingdirectionbasedpartinglineandpartingsurface,generateproductscorrespondingtothecoreandcavity,implementationofallrelevantpartsmold,andforautomaticallygeneratedBOMFormNCdrillingprocess,andcanintelligentlyprocessparametersetting,calibrationandotherprocessingresults.<3>Moldsoftwareapplications,networkingtrendWiththemoldintheenterprisecompetition,cooperation,productionandmanagement,globalization,internationalization,andtherapiddevelopmentofcomputerhardwareandsoftwaretechnology,theInternethasmadeinthemoldindustry,virtualdesign,andagilemanufacturingtechnologybothnecessaryandpossible.3.模具的發(fā)展趨勢〔1模具軟件功能集成化模具軟件功能的集成化要求軟件的功能模塊比較齊全,同時(shí)各功能模塊采用同一數(shù)據(jù)模型,以實(shí)現(xiàn)信息的綜合管理與共享,從而支持模具設(shè)計(jì)、制造、裝配、檢驗(yàn)、測試及生產(chǎn)管理的全過程,達(dá)到實(shí)現(xiàn)最佳效益的目的。如英國Delcam公司的系列化軟件就包括了曲面/實(shí)體幾何造型、復(fù)雜形體工程制圖、工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)高級渲染、塑料模設(shè)計(jì)專家系統(tǒng)、復(fù)雜形體CAM、藝術(shù)造型及雕刻自動編程系統(tǒng)、逆向工程系統(tǒng)及復(fù)雜形體在線測量系統(tǒng)等。集成化程度較高的軟件還包括：Pro/ENGINEER、UG和CATIA等。國內(nèi)有上海交通大學(xué)金屬塑性成型有限元分析系統(tǒng)和沖裁模CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)；北京北航海爾軟件有限公司的CAXA系列軟件；XX金網(wǎng)格模具工程研究中心的沖壓模CAD/CAE/CAM系統(tǒng)等。〔2模具設(shè)計(jì)、分析及制造的三維化傳統(tǒng)的二維模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)已越來越不適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)和集成化技術(shù)要求。模具設(shè)計(jì)、分析、制造的三維化、無紙化要求新一代模具軟件以立體的、直觀的感覺來設(shè)計(jì)模具,所采用的三維數(shù)字化模型能方便地用于產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的CAE分析、模具可制造性評價(jià)和數(shù)控加工、成形過程模擬及信息的管理與共享。如Pro/ENGINEER、UG和CATIA等軟件具備參數(shù)化、基于特征、全相關(guān)等特點(diǎn),從而使模具并行工程成為可能。另外,Cimatran公司的Moldexpert,Delcam公司的Ps-mold及日立造船的Space-E/mold均是3D專業(yè)注塑模設(shè)計(jì)軟件,可進(jìn)行交互式3D型腔、型芯設(shè)計(jì)、模架配置及典型結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。澳大利亞Moldflow公司的三維真實(shí)感流動模擬軟件MoldflowAdvisers已經(jīng)受到用戶廣泛的好評和應(yīng)用。國內(nèi)有華中理工大學(xué)研制的同類軟件HSC3D4.5F及XX工業(yè)大學(xué)的Z-mold軟件。面向制造、基于知識的智能化功能是衡量模具軟件先進(jìn)性和實(shí)用性的重要標(biāo)志之一。如Cimatron公司的注塑模專家軟件能根據(jù)脫模方向自動產(chǎn)生分型線和分型面,生成與制品相對應(yīng)的型芯和型腔,實(shí)現(xiàn)模架零件的全相關(guān),自動產(chǎn)生材料明細(xì)表和供NC加工的鉆孔表格,并能進(jìn)行智能化加工參數(shù)設(shè)定、加工結(jié)果校驗(yàn)等?！?模具軟件應(yīng)用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化趨勢隨著模具在企業(yè)競爭、合作、生產(chǎn)和管理等方面的全球化、國際化,以及計(jì)算機(jī)軟硬件技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)使得在模具行業(yè)應(yīng)用虛擬設(shè)計(jì)、敏捷制造技術(shù)既有必要,也有可能。4.HeatTreatmentofDieTraditionaldieandmoulddesign,mainlybyexperienceorsemi—experience,isisolatedfrommanufacturingprocess.Beforethedesignisfinalized,theschemeofdieandmouldisusuallymodifiedtimeandagain,thussomedisadvantagescomeintobeing,suchaslongdevelopmentperiod,highcostanduncertainpracticaleffect.Duetostrongdesiresforprecision,servicelife,developmentperiodandcost,moderndieandmouldshouldbedesignedandmanufacturedperfectly.Thereforemoreandmoreadvancedtechnologiesandinnovationshavebeenapplied,forexample,concurrentengineering,agilemanufacturingvirtualmanufacturing,collaborativedesign,etc.Heattreatmentofdieandmouldisasimportantasdesign,manufactureandassemblybecauseithasavitaleffectonmanufacture,assemblyandservicelife．Designandmanufactureofdieandmouldhaveprogressedrapidly,butheattreatmentlaggedseriouslybehindthem．Asdieandmouldindustrydevelops,heattreatmentmustensuredieandmouldtherearegoodstateofmanufacture,assemblyandwear—resistantpropertiesbyrequest.Impertinentheattreatmentcaninfluencedieandmouldmanufacturingsuchasover—hardand—softandassembly．Traditionallytheheattreatmentprocesswasmadeoutaccordingtothemethodsandpropertiesbroughtforwardbydesigner．Thiscouldmakethedesignersofdieandmouldandheattreatmentdivergefromeachother,forthedesignersofdieandmouldcouldnotfullyrealizeheattreatmentprocessandmaterialsproperties,andcontrarilythedesignersrarelyunderstoodtheserviceenvironmentanddesigningthought.Thesedivergenceswillimpacttheprogressofdieandmouldtoagreatextent.Accordingly,iftheprocessdesignofheattreatmentisconsideredintheearlydesigningstage,theaimsofshorteningdevelopmentperiod,reducingcostandstabilizingqualitywillbeachievedandthesublimationofdevelopmentpatternfromserialtoconcurrentwillberealized．Concurrentengineeringtakescomputerintegrationsystemasacarrier,attheverystartsubsequenteachstageandfactorshavebeenconsideredsuchasmanufacturing,heattreating,propertiesandsoforthinordertoavoidtheerror．Theconcurrentpatternhasdismissedthedefectofserialpattern,whichbringaboutarevolutionagainstserialpattern．Inthepresentwork．theheattreatmentwasintegratedintotheconcurrentcircumstanceofthedieandmoulddevelopment,andthesystemicandprofoundresearchwasperformed．4.模具的熱處理模具設(shè)計(jì)主要是依照自身實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)或依照部分實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),而不是制造工藝。在設(shè)計(jì)完成之前,模具方案通常要被一次又一次的改進(jìn),于是有些缺點(diǎn)便出現(xiàn),例如開發(fā)時(shí)期長,成本高和實(shí)際效果不明顯。由于對精確性、使用壽命、開發(fā)期和費(fèi)用的嚴(yán)格要求,先進(jìn)的模具要求設(shè)計(jì)和制造得十分完善。因此越來越先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新方法被應(yīng)用其中,例如并行工程、敏捷制造業(yè)、虛擬制造業(yè)、協(xié)同合作設(shè)計(jì)等。模具的熱處理與模具設(shè)計(jì),制造和裝配同樣重要。因?yàn)樗鼘δ＞叩闹圃煅b配和使用壽命又及其重要的影響。模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造發(fā)展十分迅速,但是熱處理發(fā)展卻嚴(yán)重滯后它們。隨著模具工業(yè)的發(fā)展,熱處理必須保證模具有良好的制造裝配和磨損耐熱性能。不切實(shí)際的熱處理將導(dǎo)致模具材料過硬或過軟,同時(shí)影響模具裝配性能。傳統(tǒng)的熱處理工藝是按照設(shè)計(jì)師提出的方法和特性制作出來的。這樣會使模具設(shè)計(jì)師和熱處理工藝師意見產(chǎn)生分歧,而模具設(shè)計(jì)師卻不能充分地了解熱處理工藝和材料的性能,相反熱處理工藝師卻很少了解模具的使用環(huán)境和設(shè)計(jì)思路。這些分歧將在很大程度上影響模具的發(fā)展。因此,如果把熱處理工藝設(shè)計(jì)放在設(shè)計(jì)階段之前,則縮短開發(fā)周期,減少花費(fèi)和保證質(zhì)量等目標(biāo)將會被考慮,而且從串行到并行的發(fā)展模式也將會實(shí)現(xiàn)。并行工程是以計(jì)算機(jī)集成系統(tǒng)作為載體,在開始以后,每個階段和因素都被看作如制造、熱處理、性能等等,以避免出現(xiàn)錯誤。并行模式已經(jīng)摒除了串行模式的缺陷,由此帶來了一場對串行模式的革命。在當(dāng)前的工作中,熱處理被集成到了模具開發(fā)的并行環(huán)境中,同時(shí)也正在進(jìn)行這種系統(tǒng)性和深入性的研究。5.SummaryThe21stcentury,inthenewsituationofeconomicglobalization,withcapital,technologyandlabormarketre-integrationofequipmentmanufacturinginChinaafterjoiningtheWTOwillbecometheworld'sequipmentmanufacturingbase.Inthemodernmanufacturingindustry,nomatterwhichindustry,engineeringequipment,areincreasinglyusedtoprovidetheproductsfromthemoldindustry.Inordertomeettheuser'shigh-precisionmoldmanufacturing,shortdeliverytime,theurgentdemandlow-cost,moldindustryisextensiveapplicationofmodernadvancedmanufacturingtechnologytospeedupthemoldindustry,technologicalprogress,tomeetthebasicsectorsofthemoldprocessequipmenturgentneeds.5.總結(jié)總結(jié)進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的新形勢下,隨著資本、技術(shù)和勞動力市場的重新整合,我國裝備制造業(yè)在加入WTO以后,將成為世界裝備制造業(yè)的基地。而在現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)中,無論哪一行業(yè)的工程裝備,都越來越多地采用由模具工業(yè)提供的產(chǎn)品。為了適應(yīng)用戶對模具制造的高精度、短交貨期、低成本的迫切要求,模具工業(yè)正廣泛應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)來加速模具工業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步,滿足各行各業(yè)對模具這一基礎(chǔ)工藝裝備的迫切需求。..13.參考書目參考文獻(xiàn)[1]《模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造》黨根茂駱志斌李集仁編,XX電子科技大學(xué)出版社[2]《沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)》張如華主編,清華大學(xué)出版[3]《沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)》王信友主編,清華大學(xué)出版[4]《模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造簡明手冊》馮炳堯等編,上海科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社[5]《實(shí)用模具技術(shù)手冊》鄧石城王旭編,上?？茖W(xué)技術(shù)出版社[6]《沖模設(shè)計(jì)手冊》張鼎承主編,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社[7]《互換性與技術(shù)測量》廖念釗主編,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社[8]《冷沖模設(shè)計(jì)手冊》編寫組,機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社[9]《沖壓加工設(shè)備與自動化》王平主編,華中科技大學(xué)出版社[10]《冷沖模具設(shè)計(jì)精要》周本凱編寫[11]《模具專業(yè)英語》機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社14.謝辭致謝詞本文主要闡述了沖壓工藝及模具,讓我對沖壓模具產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣,同時(shí),受我專業(yè)的影響,我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于關(guān)注帶來的一系列機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)。

本篇設(shè)計(jì)雖然凝聚著自己的汗水,但卻不是個人智慧的產(chǎn)品,沒有老師的指引和贈予,沒有父母和朋友的幫助和支持,我在大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)成長肯定會大打折扣。當(dāng)我打完畢業(yè)論文的最后一個字符,涌上心頭的不是長途跋涉后抵達(dá)終點(diǎn)的欣喜,而是源自心底的誠摯謝意。我首先要感謝我的老師盧振華,對我的構(gòu)思以及設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容不厭其煩的進(jìn)行多次指導(dǎo)和悉心指點(diǎn),使我在完成論文的同時(shí)也深受啟發(fā)和教育。

再次由衷感謝答辯組的各位老師對學(xué)生的指導(dǎo)和教誨,我也在努力的積蓄著力量,盡自己的微薄之力回報(bào)母校的培育之情,爭取使自己的人生對社會產(chǎn)生些許積極的價(jià)值！15.附頁凹模加工工藝過程材料：Gr12硬度：58～62HRC零件工藝過程卡模具名稱止動片級進(jìn)模零件編號1零件名稱凹模零件件數(shù)1工序號工序名稱工序內(nèi)容設(shè)備1備料鍛件〔退火狀態(tài)175×145×35㎜2粗銑銑六面到尺寸172×142×32,注意兩大平面與相鄰鄰側(cè)面用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)角尺測量達(dá)基本垂直線割機(jī)3平面磨磨光兩大平面厚度達(dá)31㎜,并磨兩相鄰側(cè)面達(dá)四面垂直。垂直度0.02㎜/100㎜4鉗①劃線劃出各孔徑中心線并劃出凹模洞口輪廓尺寸②鉆孔鉆螺紋底孔,銷釘?shù)卓?凹模洞口穿線孔③鉸孔鉸銷釘孔到要求④攻絲攻螺紋絲到要求5熱處理淬火使硬度達(dá)58-62HRC6平面磨磨光兩大平面,使厚度達(dá)30.5㎜鏜床7線切割割凹模洞口,并留0.01~0.02㎜研余量8鉗①研磨洞口內(nèi)壁側(cè)面達(dá)0.8um②配推件塊到要求9平磨磨凹模板上平面厚度達(dá)要求10鉗總裝配沖孔凸模加工工藝過程材料：Cr12硬度：52～60HRC零件工藝過程卡模具名稱止動片級進(jìn)模零件編號2零件名稱沖孔凸模零件件數(shù)2序號工序名稱工序內(nèi)容1備料鍛件〔退火狀態(tài)：Φ15×70㎜線割機(jī)2熱處理退火,硬度達(dá)到52～60HRC3車一端面,打頂尖孔。車外圓至Φ12㎜；掉頭車另一端面,長度至尺寸66㎜；打孔尖孔。②雙頂尖頂,車外圓尺寸Φ12㎜圓,達(dá)到Φ11㎜至要求,4熱處理淬火,硬度至52～60HRC。鏜床5磨削磨削外圓尺寸Φ11㎜,Φ10㎜至要求6線切削切除工作端面頂尖孔,長度尺寸至65㎜要求7磨削磨削端面至Ra0.8u