ukeducation英美文化課件

EducationinBritainEducationinBritain1Educationmadeuswhatweare.

Helvetius[Frenchphilosopher]Educationbeginsagentleman;conversationcompleteshim.EnglishproverbEducationmadeuswhatweare.2ContentChange&ReforminSchoolsThe1870reformThetripartitesystemforsecondaryeducationBasicstructureforthesystemSchoolsTodayHigherEducation,FurtherEducation&TrainingFreedomasthefeatureofBritisheducationasawholediagramonPage57detailsonPage63detailsonPage61ContentChange&ReforminScho3ukeducation英美文化課件4ukeducation英美文化課件5TheSelectiveSystemAsystemforsecondaryschoolinginBritain,underwhichchildrentakeanexamination,the“11plus”,intheirlastyearofprimaryeducation.Theresultsoftheexaminationdeterminethekindofsecondaryschoolingeachchildwillreceive.Thosewiththehighestmarksgotogrammarschools;othersmaygototechnicalschools,andtherest–byfarmajority–gotosecondarymodernschools.backTheSelectiveSystemAsystemf6TheComprehensiveSystemAsystemforsecondaryschoolinginBritain,underwhichallchildren,regardlessofability,canmixtogether.Incomprehensiveschools,studentsstudyawidevarietyofsubjectsatfirstuntil2or3yearslater,whentheymaystudyonlythosetheylikebest.Manynewideasineducationarebeingtriedoutatpresent,andcomprehensiveschoolsvarywidelythroughoutBritain.backTheComprehensiveSystemAsyst7IndependentSchoolsPublicschools:

secondaryprivateboardingschools

thatpreparestudentschieflyforuniversities.TheylaidthefoundationsofEnglisheducation,butnowaregenerallyrestrictedtoacomparativelysmallsectionofthepopulation,mainlytherichandconservativeinpolitics.Eton,HarrowandRugbyarethe3mostfamouspublicschools.Prepschools:smallprivateboardingschoolsforchildrenupto7or8yearsold,whichhelptopreparethechildrenforthe“commonentrance”examinationattheageof13foradmissiontoapublicschool,andwhereLatin,Frenchandmathematicsareallstartedearly.backIndependentSchoolsPublicscho8OtherSchoolsCountyschools:

state-runsecondaryschools,mostofwhichareadministeredbythecountyorcountyborough.Abouthalfofthemoneycomesfromthelocalauthorityandtheotherhalffromthecentralgovernment.Voluntaryschools:alsocalledmissionschoolsinothercountries,secondaryschoolsinBritainthataremostlyChurchofEnglandorRomanCatholicinorigin,andpartlymaintainedandcontrolledbythelocalauthority.Theygiveacertainamountofdenominationalreligiousinstruction.Educationisfreeinsuchschools.backOtherSchoolsCountyschools:s9TheUniversitiesOxfordandCambridge[12thand13thcenturies]Collegesystemandtutorialsystem4Scottishuniversities[15thand16thcenturies]St.Andrews,Glasgow,Aberdeen,Edinburgh3otheruniversitiescontainingcolleges[19thcentury]Durham,London,Wales19th-and20th-centuryuniversitiesstartingfromcollegesPost-waruniversities,oruniversitycolleges,teachingamorebalancedmixtureofsubjectsUniversitiesoftechnology,promotedduringthe1960sTheOpenUniversity“redbrick”detailsonPage74returnTheUniversitiesOxfordandCam10OxfordandCambridgeCollegesystem:wherebyallstudentsliveincollegeduringatleastpartoftheircourse,whichfostersacommunityspiritinwhichausefulminglingofintelligencecantakeplace.Suchcollegesincludetutorsaswellasstudents,andarelargelyself-governing.Tutorialsystem:wherebyeachstudentgetspersonaltutoringonceaweekinhistutor’sownroom.It,togetherwithaweeklyprogrammeofprivatestudy,hasbeenconsideredveryimportantatOxfordandCambridge.backphotosOxfordandCambridgeCollegesy11“RedBrick”back“Redbrick”:aslightlycontemptuoustermusedtorefertothelargegroupof19th-and20th-centuryuniversitiesanduniversitycollegesinBritain.Itdescribestheirconstruction,whichiscontrastedwiththemoredignifiedandsolid-lookingancientarchitectureofOxfordandCambridge.Thedistinctivefeatureoftheseuniversitieswasthattheywerenon-collegiateinstitutionswhichadmittedmenwithoutreferencetoreligionorbackgroundandthattheyconcentratedon'real-world'skills,oftenlinkedtoengineering.

photos“RedBrick”back“Redbrick”:a12AttitudesExpectationsAnna123123Andrey123123studentscan’tdomuchtochangetheworldstudentsshouldgetinvolvedintopoliticsuniversitylifeshouldbeinterestinguniversityisanewpageinherlifehighlyvaluestudents’demonstrationsuniversityensuresagoodtimeTotrainhermindandmakehermoreperceptiveTolearnhowtoargueTobechangedbytheuniversityToliveinaclasslesscampusLeadtoawell-paidjobTobecomematureandbemoreworldlyAttitudesExpectations1111stude13AttitudesExpectationsBilly1212Julie12Schoolisaboringplace,andheiseagertoleaveforajob.Schoolisaninfluentialplace,butshehasnointerestinattendingit.HeenjoysthepracticalapplicationofskilllearnedinaYTSscheme.ShehighlyappreciatesthepracticalaspectsofaYTSscheme.TherewillbenogainsfromYTS.TobecomeaskilledmanualworkerNone.AttitudesExpectations111School14FreedominBritishEducationComparativeindependenceofthelocaleducationauthoritiesAbsenceofcentralizedtime-tablesandsyllabusesDifferenttypesofschoolsDiversesystemofuniversitydegreesreturnFreedominBritishEducationCo15EducationinBritainEducationinBritain16Educationmadeuswhatweare.

Helvetius[Frenchphilosopher]Educationbeginsagentleman;conversationcompleteshim.EnglishproverbEducationmadeuswhatweare.17ContentChange&ReforminSchoolsThe1870reformThetripartitesystemforsecondaryeducationBasicstructureforthesystemSchoolsTodayHigherEducation,FurtherEducation&TrainingFreedomasthefeatureofBritisheducationasawholediagramonPage57detailsonPage63detailsonPage61ContentChange&ReforminScho18ukeducation英美文化課件19ukeducation英美文化課件20TheSelectiveSystemAsystemforsecondaryschoolinginBritain,underwhichchildrentakeanexamination,the“11plus”,intheirlastyearofprimaryeducation.Theresultsoftheexaminationdeterminethekindofsecondaryschoolingeachchildwillreceive.Thosewiththehighestmarksgotogrammarschools;othersmaygototechnicalschools,andtherest–byfarmajority–gotosecondarymodernschools.backTheSelectiveSystemAsystemf21TheComprehensiveSystemAsystemforsecondaryschoolinginBritain,underwhichallchildren,regardlessofability,canmixtogether.Incomprehensiveschools,studentsstudyawidevarietyofsubjectsatfirstuntil2or3yearslater,whentheymaystudyonlythosetheylikebest.Manynewideasineducationarebeingtriedoutatpresent,andcomprehensiveschoolsvarywidelythroughoutBritain.backTheComprehensiveSystemAsyst22IndependentSchoolsPublicschools:

secondaryprivateboardingschools

thatpreparestudentschieflyforuniversities.TheylaidthefoundationsofEnglisheducation,butnowaregenerallyrestrictedtoacomparativelysmallsectionofthepopulation,mainlytherichandconservativeinpolitics.Eton,HarrowandRugbyarethe3mostfamouspublicschools.Prepschools:smallprivateboardingschoolsforchildrenupto7or8yearsold,whichhelptopreparethechildrenforthe“commonentrance”examinationattheageof13foradmissiontoapublicschool,andwhereLatin,Frenchandmathematicsareallstartedearly.backIndependentSchoolsPublicscho23OtherSchoolsCountyschools:

state-runsecondaryschools,mostofwhichareadministeredbythecountyorcountyborough.Abouthalfofthemoneycomesfromthelocalauthorityandtheotherhalffromthecentralgovernment.Voluntaryschools:alsocalledmissionschoolsinothercountries,secondaryschoolsinBritainthataremostlyChurchofEnglandorRomanCatholicinorigin,andpartlymaintainedandcontrolledbythelocalauthority.Theygiveacertainamountofdenominationalreligiousinstruction.Educationisfreeinsuchschools.backOtherSchoolsCountyschools:s24TheUniversitiesOxfordandCambridge[12thand13thcenturies]Collegesystemandtutorialsystem4Scottishuniversities[15thand16thcenturies]St.Andrews,Glasgow,Aberdeen,Edinburgh3otheruniversitiescontainingcolleges[19thcentury]Durham,London,Wales19th-and20th-centuryuniversitiesstartingfromcollegesPost-waruniversities,oruniversitycolleges,teachingamorebalancedmixtureofsubjectsUniversitiesoftechnology,promotedduringthe1960sTheOpenUniversity“redbrick”detailsonPage74returnTheUniversitiesOxfordandCam25OxfordandCambridgeCollegesystem:wherebyallstudentsliveincollegeduringatleastpartoftheircourse,whichfostersacommunityspiritinwhichausefulminglingofintelligencecantakeplace.Suchcollegesincludetutorsaswellasstudents,andarelargelyself-governing.Tutorialsystem:wherebyeachstudentgetspersonaltutoringonceaweekinhistutor’sownroom.It,togetherwithaweeklyprogrammeofprivatestudy,hasbeenconsideredveryimportantatOxfordandCambridge.backphotosOxfordandCambridgeCollegesy26“RedBrick”back“Redbrick”:aslightlycontemptuoustermusedtorefertothelargegroupof19th-and20th-centuryuniversitiesanduniversitycollegesinBritain.Itdescribestheirconstruction,whichiscontrastedwiththemoredignifiedandsolid-lookingancientarchitectureofOxfordandCambridge.Thedistinctivefeatureoftheseuniversitieswasthattheywerenon-collegiateinstitutionswhichadmittedmenwithoutreferencetoreligionorbackgroundandthattheyconcentratedon'real-world'skills,oftenlinkedtoengineering.

photos“RedBrick”back“Redbrick”:a27AttitudesExpectationsAnn