城市軌道交通車(chē)輛專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)

COMPONENTS組成:I.Carbody車(chē)身Itistoaccommodatepassengersandthedriver.這是為了容納乘客和司機(jī)。Meanwhile,itisthebasiccomponenttoconnecttootherdevicesorcarbodies.同時(shí)，它是連接到其他設(shè)備或車(chē)身的基本部件。Forthepurposeofmeetingthestrengthrequirementwhilekeepingtheself-weightatitslowest.為了滿足強(qiáng)度要求，同時(shí)保持自重最低。Integratedsteelstructureorlightmetalstructureisadopted.采用整體式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)或輕型金屬結(jié)構(gòu)。Itusuallycomprisesofthefloor,theroof,sidesandendwalls.它通常包括地板、屋頂、側(cè)壁和端壁。Bogies轉(zhuǎn)向架Motorandtrailerbogiesarelocatedbetweenthecarbodyandthetrack,todragandguidethevehiclesmovingalongthetrack.汽車(chē)和拖車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向架位于車(chē)體與軌道之間，拖曳和引導(dǎo)車(chē)輛沿軌道運(yùn)動(dòng)。Theycabbearandtransferavarietyofloadfromlinesandthecarbody,easingitsdynamicaction.他們從線路和車(chē)體上承擔(dān)和傳遞各種載荷，減輕其動(dòng)力作用。Itusuallycomprisesofframe,springsuspension,wheelaxleboxandbrakedevices,etc.它通常包括車(chē)架、彈簧懸架、車(chē)輪軸箱和制動(dòng)裝置等。TractionandBufferdevices牽弓I緩沖裝置Thedevicesfunctiontogetherasthecouplerwhichhelpstoimprovetheverticalstability.這些器件作為耦合器一起起作用，有助于提高垂直穩(wěn)定性。Bufferdevicesareincludedincouplerstomitigatethetrainjerk.緩沖裝置包括在耦合器中以減輕火車(chē)顛簸。Theyarealsousedtoconnecttheelectricallinesandairlinesbetweenvehicles.它們也用于連接車(chē)輛之間的電線和空氣線。Brakingdevices制動(dòng)裝置Theyarecrucialtotheoperationsafetyofthetrain.它們對(duì)列車(chē)的運(yùn)行安全至關(guān)重要。Theyareinstalledinmotorcarsandtrailercarstoensurethattheoperationvehiclescanbeslowdownascommandedandthatthebrakestoppingdistanceiswithinrequiredlimit.它們安裝在機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛和拖車(chē)中， 以確保操作車(chē)輛可以按命令減速， 制動(dòng)停止距離在規(guī)定的限度內(nèi)。Inadditiontoconventionalpneumaticbraking,electro-dynamicbrakingisintroduced.除了傳統(tǒng)的氣動(dòng)制動(dòng)之外，還引入了電動(dòng)制動(dòng)。collectionset受電弓Thecollectorsareusedtoleadcurrenttomotorcars.收集器是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)汽車(chē)電流的。Methods:trolley,bow,side,thirdrail,pantographcollectors.方法：臺(tái)車(chē)、弓、邊、第三軌、受電弓收集器。Astothepowersupply,DC750Viswidelyusedinmanycitieswithmetros,BeijingMetro.ShanghaiMetrousedDC1500V.DC600Visrarelyused.至于電源，直流750V廣泛使用在許多城市與地鐵，北京地鐵。上海地鐵采用直流 1500V直流600伏很少使用。Innerequipment內(nèi)部設(shè)備Theequipmentreferstothefixedfacilitiesaccommodatingpassengersinthecarbody,includingsuchequipmentasventilation,heating,airconditions,seats,handrails,etc.該設(shè)備是指在車(chē)廂內(nèi)容納乘客的固定設(shè)施，包括通風(fēng)、供暖、空調(diào)、座椅、扶手等設(shè)備。Theequipmentalsoreferstoaccessoriessupportingtheoperationofthevehicle,whicharemostlythosesuspendinginthecarchassis,suchasbogies,batterybox,thetractionbrakingbox.該設(shè)備還涉及支持車(chē)輛運(yùn)行的附件，主要是懸掛在汽車(chē)底盤(pán)上的車(chē)輛，如轉(zhuǎn)向架、蓄電池箱、牽引制動(dòng)箱。Electricalsystem電氣系統(tǒng)Electricalsystemsincludeavarietyofelectricalfacilitiesinvehiclesandthecorrespondingcontrolcircuits.電氣系統(tǒng)包括車(chē)輛中的各種電氣設(shè)備和相應(yīng)的控制電路。Theycanbegenerallydividedinto3sections:themainelectricalsystem,theauxiliarycircuitsystem,andtheelectroniccontrolsystem.它們一般可分為3個(gè)部分：主電氣系統(tǒng)、輔助電路系統(tǒng)和電子控制系統(tǒng)。TECHNICALPARAMETERS 技術(shù)參數(shù)Performanceparameters性能參數(shù)：Selfweight,Load,Volume,Designingvelocity,Axleweight,Trackloadofeverylengtheningmeter,Thenegotiatingminimumcurveradius,Axiscolumnsnumbers,Themaximumstartacceleration,Powerindicatorofeveryton,Supplyvoltage,Brakingtype,Thenumberofseatsandthenumberofstandingpassengerspersquaremeter每個(gè)加長(zhǎng)計(jì)的自重、載荷、體積、設(shè)計(jì)速度、軸重、軌道載荷、最小曲線半徑、軸列數(shù)、最大起動(dòng)加速度、每噸功率指示器、供電電壓、制動(dòng)類(lèi)型、座位數(shù)和站立乘客數(shù)。平方米Dimensionparameters尺寸參數(shù)：Thewholelength,Maximumwidth,Maximumheightofvehicle,Thecarbodylength,Width,Height,Vehicleinterval,Fixedbogiewheelbase,Thewholewheelbase,Theheightfromcoupler,centerlinetothetracksurface,Thefloorheight車(chē)輛的全長(zhǎng)、最大寬度、最大高度、車(chē)體長(zhǎng)度、寬度、高度、車(chē)輛間隔、固定轉(zhuǎn)向架軸距、整個(gè)軸距、車(chē)鉤高度、軌道表面中心線、地面高度FUTHERREADING進(jìn)一步閱讀Publictransportisasharedpassengerservicewhichisavailableforusebythegeneralpublic.公共交通是一種共享的客運(yùn)服務(wù)，可供廣大市民使用。Publictransportmodesincludebuses,trolleybuses,tramsandtrains,rapidtransitandferries.公共交通方式包括公共汽車(chē)、無(wú)軌電車(chē)、電車(chē)和火車(chē)、快速交通工具和渡輪。Intercitypublictransportisdominatedbyairlines,coachesandintercityrail.城際公共交通由航空公司、長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)和城際鐵路所主導(dǎo)。High-speedrailnetworksarebeingdevelopedinmanypartsoftheworld.世界許多地區(qū)正在開(kāi)發(fā)iWj速鐵路網(wǎng)。Mostpublictransportrunsascheduledtimetablewithmostfrequentservicesrunningtoaheadway.大多數(shù)公共交通運(yùn)行著一個(gè)預(yù)定的時(shí)間表，最頻繁的服務(wù)正朝著一個(gè)方向發(fā)展。CarBodyStructure車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)Thecarbodyframeisofflatprofiletypes,permitstousecoldcastcovering.車(chē)體框架為平面型，允許使用冷鑄造覆蓋物。Thematerialispolyurethaneresinbasewithelastomergranulates,whichcanformcontinuous,smoothsurfaceoverthefulllengthofthesaloon.該材料是聚氨酯樹(shù)脂基彈性體顆粒，可以形成連續(xù)，光滑的表面在 TheSaloon夜店全長(zhǎng)。Ithasnotanyjunctionpointsandisperfectlyresistanttocleaningwater.它沒(méi)有任何連接點(diǎn)，完全防水。Themostimportantpartoftherailtransitvehiclestructure軌道交通車(chē)輛結(jié)構(gòu)中最重要的部分Theprimarystructureofthecarbodyshellisintegrateddesignsuitableforrapidtransitservicewithnofatigueorpermanentdeformationfailuresundernormaloperationconditions.車(chē)身殼體的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是適合于快速運(yùn)輸服務(wù)的集成設(shè)計(jì)， 在正常操作條件下沒(méi)有疲勞或永久變形故障。Itiscomposedof6parts:Thebaseframe,theroof,thetwosidewalls,thetwoendwalls,andtheroof.它由6部分組成：基礎(chǔ)框架、屋頂、兩個(gè)側(cè)壁、兩個(gè)端壁和屋頂。Thebodystructureisofadequatestrengthtoresistthestressimposedbythespecification.車(chē)身結(jié)構(gòu)具有足夠的強(qiáng)度以抵抗規(guī)范所施加的應(yīng)力。Thecarbodyshellisself-supportingrigidstructure,madeandcomposedoflargealuminumextrusionssectionsconnectedbywelding.車(chē)體殼體為自承式剛性結(jié)構(gòu)，由大型鋁擠壓型材焊接而成。IntegratedDesign:Theshellisdesignedasatube,allprofilesareweldedtogetherinalongitudinaldirection,providinghighrigidityofthecarbodywhilstusingminimumamountofmaterial.整體設(shè)計(jì)：外殼設(shè)計(jì)為一個(gè)管子，所有型材縱向焊接在一起， 提供車(chē)身的高剛性，同時(shí)使用最少的材料。Thebodystrengthcanmeetthefollowingrequirements:dynamicload,staticload,impactloadappliedunderoperatingconditionsandallotherconditions,eg.jerking,lifting,coupling.車(chē)身強(qiáng)度可滿足以下要求： 動(dòng)載荷、靜載荷、在工作條件下施加的沖擊載荷和所有其它條件，如挺舉、提升、聯(lián)軸器。Thefloorbeamsareprovidedtomeetcarbodystrengthrequirementsandsupporttheunder-floorequipment.地板梁是為了滿足車(chē)身強(qiáng)度要求而提供的，并支撐地板下的設(shè)備。Thefloorpanelsareofahollow,internallybracedstructurewherenecessarytosupporttheunder-floorapparatus.地板是中空的，內(nèi)部支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，必要時(shí)支撐地板設(shè)備。CARBODYINTERIORMOUNTINGS 車(chē)體內(nèi)部裝置：Designofinteriorstylingconcept:Functionalrequirements,Ergonomics,Aesthetics室內(nèi)造型概念設(shè)計(jì)：功能需求、人機(jī)工程學(xué)、美學(xué)InteriorMountings:Floorcoveringandfloorprofile,Ceiling,Seating,Grabpolesandhandrails內(nèi)部安裝：地板覆蓋物和地板型材，天花板，座椅，抓斗桿和扶手Wallliningandwindowseals.Thecabarrangement.Draughtscreen.ElectriccabinetsandATCcubicle.墻壁襯里和窗戶密封駕駛室布置.通風(fēng)屏.電氣柜和ATC隔間.Floorcoveringandfloorprofiles:地板覆蓋物和地板型材:Undersurfaceisthermallyprotectedwithalayerofinsulationmaterialbackedbyastainlesssteelsheet.下表面用不銹鋼材料支撐的絕緣材料層進(jìn)行熱保護(hù)。Aneffectivefirebarrierfor45minutes.有效的防火屏障45分鐘。Resistanychangesandkeepitsperformanceorappearance.抵制任何變化，并保持其表現(xiàn)或外觀。Uppersideelastomercoveringissubjectedtodust.上側(cè)彈性體覆蓋物受到灰塵的影響。Ceiling天花板：Longitudinalbeam—aluminumprofiles縱梁-鋁型材Crossbar—aluminumprofiles橫桿-鋁型材Roofarches—aluminumprofiles屋頂拱-鋁型材Lights夕T/Reardiffuser—aluminumprofiles后擴(kuò)散器鋁型材Diffuser擴(kuò)散器/Ceilingpanel頂板SeatsME位：meetsergonomicrequirementstooffercomfortablesittingconditions.符合人體工程學(xué)要求，提供舒適的坐姿。Thebenchesisalwaysfittedwithlongitudinallyinstalledseats.Thisarrangementallowsforsufficientseatingcapacityinoff-peakhourscombinedwithhighcapacitiesforstandingpassengersduringpeakhours.長(zhǎng)椅總是配有縱向安裝的座椅。這種安排允許在非高峰時(shí)段有足夠的座位容量， 同時(shí)在高峰時(shí)間為站立的乘客提供高容量。Grabpolesandhandrails抓斗桿和扶手：Thevehicleareprovidedwithsufficientrails,toensurepeopletostandinthesaloontoreachahandhold.Grabpolesandhandrailsarefabricatedfromstainlesssteelandaredurablyfinished.車(chē)輛配備有足夠的鋼軌， 以確保人們站在TheSaloon夜店到達(dá)手持式。 抓斗桿和扶手由不銹鋼制成，耐用地完成。Wallliningandwindowseals墻襯和窗密封：Thewallspanelfittedwithclipsonthestructure墻板鑲有結(jié)構(gòu)上的夾子Thelowerwindowsillsbehindthewindowandthewallpanel窗戶和墻板后面的窗臺(tái)下面Astandbackcorneroneachdoorside每個(gè)門(mén)背后的——個(gè)倒立的角落CARBODYEXTERIORARRANGEMENT 車(chē)身外觀布置Passagesidewindowsi道根J窗Passageaccessdoo通道通道門(mén)Thedoorwindow門(mén)窗Emergencyexitdoor緊急出口Airconditioningsystem空調(diào)系統(tǒng)others其他Passagesidewindowsi道根J窗:Smallandlargeones」、的和大的Locatedontherightandleftsides位于左右兩側(cè)Simple-partanddouble-blazed簡(jiǎn)單部分和雙重閃耀Rubbersealing橡膠密封Nojointing無(wú)節(jié)理Waterpr000f水上樂(lè)園Easyreplacementfrominside從內(nèi)音B容易更換Passageaccessdoo通道入口門(mén)：Doubleleafslidingplugdoor雙葉塞拉門(mén)10doorsforeachcar,5doorssymmetricallylocatedoneachside每輛車(chē)有10個(gè)門(mén)，兩邊有5個(gè)對(duì)稱(chēng)的門(mén)。EachelectricalslidingplugdooriscontrolledbyoneDoorControlUnit(DCU).每個(gè)電動(dòng)滑塞門(mén)由一個(gè)門(mén)控制單元（DCU）控制。SupportBarattachedtovehicleviaabaseconsole—takealltheweightandprovideparallelpositionduringopeningandclosing.通過(guò)一個(gè)基本控制臺(tái)連接到車(chē)輛的支撐桿承受所有的重量并在打開(kāi)和關(guān)閉期間提供平行位置。DooNeaf門(mén)扇：Aluminiumsandwichconstruction鋁夾層結(jié)構(gòu)Theedgeflangedtotheframe邊框凸緣Theinternalsurfaceisflush（supportingfixings）內(nèi)表面平齊（支撐固定）Glazing—flushoutsideskin外皮上釉Rubberextrusions—environmentalsealing橡膠擠出機(jī)環(huán)境密封Theleadingedge-hollowrubberfireretardant前緣中空橡膠阻燃劑Retainingdevices—atfrontoftheleadingedge前緣前部的保持裝置threshold-mountedcloseddoortomeetdeflectionrequirement門(mén)限閉門(mén)以滿足撓度要求Retainingedge—onuppertrailingedge上尾緣擋邊Doorwindow門(mén)窗：Single-glazedwindow—upperportion單玻璃窗上部Neoprenemountingrubber氯丁橡膠安裝橡膠Dropwindow—cabslidingdoor落窗駕駛室滑動(dòng)門(mén)Twowindshields—laminatedsafetyglassprovidevisibilityofthetrack,tracksignals.雙層擋風(fēng)玻璃夾層安全玻璃提供軌道、軌道信號(hào)的可視性。Defrostdevice—demistinganddefrosting除霜裝置除霜除霜resistorintegrated/heatingfoil（transparenttinoxidelayerinnerside）電阻集成/加熱箔（透明氧化錫層內(nèi)側(cè)）Thewindshieldwipersareoperatedbyusingtheswitchonthediver'sdeskoronthenon-operatingdesk擋風(fēng)玻璃雨刷是通過(guò)使用潛水員桌子上的開(kāi)關(guān)或在非操作臺(tái)上操作的。Emergencyexitdoor（Escaperamp緊急出口門(mén)（逃生坡道） ：Onthefrontsideofthecab在駕駛室的前側(cè)Openanddeploys-initsfinalposition打開(kāi)和部署-在它的最終位置Passengerdescendfromcabfloordowntotrackleve乘客從駕駛室地板下降到軌道高度Frontlightandcablightautomaticallyswitchedon前照燈和駕駛室燈自動(dòng)接通Theemergencydoorisalwaysreadytobeuse應(yīng)急門(mén)隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備使用。Airconditioningsystem空調(diào)系統(tǒng)Roof-mounted屋頂安裝的Ventilationandairconditioning通風(fēng)空調(diào)Dustingsystem—abovetheceiling天花板上方的除塵系統(tǒng) Evenlydistributed均勻分布Pleasanttemperatureandhumidityinside內(nèi)溫舒適Sufficientfreshair—incaseofveryextremehotandhumidityenvironmentoutside.足夠的新鮮空氣，在非常極端的高溫和潮濕環(huán)境之外。Thefloor,theroof,sidewallsandendwallsarethermallyandacousticallyinsulatedonthecarbody.地板、屋頂、側(cè)壁和端壁在車(chē)身上進(jìn)行熱聲隔音。Thermoralinsulatingmaterial:non-rotting,non-degradingproperty—coolingperformance.保溫材料：不腐爛、不易降解的冷卻性能。Floor—temperatureresistantmineralwool—specifiedfiresafetyperformance.耐地溫礦物棉防火性能規(guī)定。Acousticinsulation-interio門(mén)ingings.隔音內(nèi)飾。Heavy-dutymatbounded重型氈界Bogies轉(zhuǎn)向架Oneofthemostimportantcomponents,affecttherunningoperation,dynamicperformanceanddrivingsafety.其中最重要的部件之一是影響行車(chē)運(yùn)行、動(dòng)力性能和行車(chē)安全。Swivel-connectedtotheunder-frameofthecarbodybythecenterpivotplatearrangement.通過(guò)中心樞軸板的布置將轉(zhuǎn)體連接到車(chē)身的下框架。Function功能supportingofthecarbody車(chē)體支撐Suspendinganddampingthecarbody懸掛和減振車(chē)身一Movementoftrain列車(chē)運(yùn)行Brakingoftrain列車(chē)制動(dòng)Wheelsets(wheels,axle,axleboxes,earthingbrush,slip-slidegenerator,speedgenerator),twospringsuspensionsystem,Bogieframe,Brakes,Tractiondiveunite,connectionofbogietothecarbody.輪對(duì)(車(chē)輪、車(chē)軸、軸箱、接地電刷、滑移滑塊發(fā)電機(jī)、速度發(fā)電機(jī)) 、雙彈簧懸掛系統(tǒng)、轉(zhuǎn)向架框架、制動(dòng)器、牽引下潛器、轉(zhuǎn)向架與車(chē)體的連接。Wheelsets輪對(duì)Solidbodiedwheels堅(jiān)實(shí)的車(chē)輪。Wheelsareshrunkontotheaxle掂子收縮到車(chē)軸上。TheaxlesaresupportedinstandardTaperBearingUniteswhicharepressedfitontotheaxles.軸支撐在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錐度軸承軸承上，壓合在軸上。Eachwheelsetisdesignedtobeequippedwithearthingcontactatonewheelsetendwhererequiredandwithaspeedsensorattheotherend.每個(gè)輪對(duì)被設(shè)計(jì)成在需要的一個(gè)輪對(duì)端裝備接地接觸，另一端設(shè)置速度傳感器。Suspensionsystem#掛系統(tǒng)Primaryandsecondarysuspension^、二級(jí)懸掛Primarysuspensionworksbetweenthewheelsetsandbogieframe.輪對(duì)和轉(zhuǎn)向架框架之間的主要懸掛工程。WheelsetsareprovidedandguidedbyChevrontypeprimaryspringwithinherentdampandfreeofwearandtear.輪軸是由具有固有阻尼和無(wú)磨損的雪佛龍型初級(jí)彈簧提供和引導(dǎo)的。Transmitforcesofallthreedirectionsfromwheelsettobogieframe.將所有三個(gè)方向的力從輪對(duì)傳遞到轉(zhuǎn)向架框架。Secondarysuspensionworksbetweenbogieframeandcarbody.轉(zhuǎn)向架車(chē)架與車(chē)身之間的二次懸掛工程。Providedwithtwoairsprings.設(shè)有兩個(gè)空氣彈簧。Serveforautomaticadjustmentofcarbodyheightatdifferentloadscontrolledbyairspringlevelingvalues.適用于空氣彈簧平衡值控制的不同載荷下車(chē)身高度的自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)。Protectthebogieframeandvehiclesfromexcessiveshockloadsfromtrack.保護(hù)轉(zhuǎn)向架框架和車(chē)輛不受軌道沖擊載荷的影響。Avoidderailandachievegoodcurvingperformance避免脫軌，達(dá)至U良好的彎曲性能。Brakes制動(dòng)器Consistofdynamicbrakingandfourblockbrakeunitesoneachmotorbogieandtrailerbogie.包括在每個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架和掛車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向架上的動(dòng)態(tài)制動(dòng)和四個(gè)塊制動(dòng)單元。Twooftheblockbrakeunitsofeachbogieareadditionallyequippedwithspringbrakeactuatorsfortheparkingbrake.每個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架的兩個(gè)塊制動(dòng)單元另外配備有用于駐車(chē)制動(dòng)器的彈簧制動(dòng)致動(dòng)器。Others—Tractionlinkage其他牽引聯(lián)動(dòng)裝置Equippedwithsilentrubberblocks.配備無(wú)聲橡膠塊。transmitstractionandbrakingforcesbetweenvehiclesandbogies.在車(chē)輛和轉(zhuǎn)向架之間傳遞牽引力和制動(dòng)力。Permitsfullmovement(lateralvertical,yawpitch),restrictedlongitudinaldisplacement.允許完全運(yùn)動(dòng)(橫向垂直，偏航螺距) ，限制縱向位移。Others—AntiRollBar其他防滾桿Fittedwithrubber裝有橡膠Minimizethetransmissionofnoiseandvibrationfromtrackintovehicle.最小化從軌道到車(chē)輛的噪聲和振動(dòng)的傳遞。Controlsanylateral(roll)movement控制任何橫向(輻)運(yùn)動(dòng)Connectsbetweenthebogieandvehiclebodylt向架與車(chē)體連接。Others其他Shockabsorberdampinaverticalandhorizontaldirection.減震器在垂直和水平方向上受潮。Bufferslimitthelateralmovementofthecarbody.緩沖器限制了車(chē)身的橫向運(yùn)動(dòng)。Guidingrodsareequippedwithsilentrubberblockstransmitpropulsionandbrakingforcestothecarbody.導(dǎo)向桿裝有無(wú)聲橡膠塊，向車(chē)身傳遞推進(jìn)力和制動(dòng)力。AntennafortheATPsystemequippedinsometrailerbogies.在一些掛車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)向架上裝有 ATP系統(tǒng)的天線。Coupler耦合器Importantandwidelyused.重要而廣泛應(yīng)用。Coupletrains,achievingmechanicalcoupling,electricalcoupling,airpipcoupling耦合列車(chē)，實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械耦合，電耦合，空氣PIP耦合Transmitandrelievethelongitudinalforcegeneratedduringvehicleworkingandshunting.傳遞和緩解車(chē)輛工作和分流過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的縱向力。Connectionmethodofthetraction牽弓I連接方式AutomaticCoupler:Designedtocoupletrainsandtoprotectvehiclesfromdamagetoshockabsorptiondevice.自動(dòng)耦合器：設(shè)計(jì)用來(lái)連接火車(chē)并保護(hù)車(chē)輛不受減震裝置損壞。Semi-automaticcoupler:Designedtocoupletwohalftrainstoconstituteatrain,intheeventofanoverloadconditionduringcollisions半自動(dòng)聯(lián)結(jié)器：在碰撞過(guò)程中過(guò)載情況下，將兩個(gè)半列耦合成一列列車(chē)。Semi-permanentdraw-bar:Designedtoensureapermanentconnectionofrailwayvehicles半永久拉桿：為確保鐵路車(chē)輛的永久連接而設(shè)計(jì)的。Automaticcoupler自動(dòng)耦合器：Permitscoupledvehiclestonegotiateverticalandhorizontalcurvesandallowrotationalmovements.允許耦合車(chē)輛協(xié)商垂直和水平曲線并允許旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)。Thecouplerheadconsistofahousinginwhichthecouplinganduncouplingassembliesarelocated.耦合器頭包括一個(gè)殼體，在該殼體中安裝了聯(lián)軸器和解耦組件。Simplybumping—Electricandpneumaticconnectionssystematicallyestablishedassoonasthecouplersaremated.只要耦合器合在一起，就可以簡(jiǎn)單地碰撞電氣和氣動(dòng)連接。Electricallycoupled—“Coupled“stateindicatedondriver'sdesk.電動(dòng)耦合-“耦合”狀態(tài)顯示在駕駛臺(tái)上。Uncouplingautomatically—remotepneumaticallycontrolfromoneofbothdrivingcabs.從兩個(gè)駕駛室中的一個(gè)自動(dòng)解耦遠(yuǎn)程氣動(dòng)控制。Uncouplingmanually-onecouplerbyremovingtheuncouplingleverunderthecouplerheadwithahexagon-shapedwrench.手動(dòng)解耦-一個(gè)聯(lián)結(jié)器通過(guò)拆卸鉤頭下的六角形扳手扳手?！癛eadytocouple“position"準(zhǔn)備情侶"位置Couplinglinkisretractedandheldbytheratchetandliesclosetotheedgecorn.聯(lián)接環(huán)由棘輪收回并保持，并位于邊緣玉米附近。Thehookplateistensedbysprings.^板由彈簧拉緊。Theratchetprojectsoverthesideofthecouplerheadcasingandengageswiththenoseofcatchsupport棘輪在鉤頭殼體的側(cè)面伸出并與抓持器的鼻接合?！癈oupled“position"耦合"位置Springloadedcatchesarepressedbackwardsbytheconesagainsttheratchetswhicharereleased.彈簧加載的漁獲量被錐體逆向棘齒釋放。Tensionspringuntilthecouplinglinksengagewiththehookedplatewhicharepressedagainstastopinsidetheheadchasing.拉力彈簧直到聯(lián)結(jié)連桿與鉤板接合，鉤板被壓在頭部?jī)?nèi)的止動(dòng)件上。Thecouplerlocksformaparallelogramensuringequilibriumofforcesandissubjectedtotensileload.聯(lián)結(jié)器鎖形成平行四邊形，確保力的平衡，并承受拉伸載荷?！癠ncoupled“position”解耦"位置Thehookedplatetensedbyspring-turneduntilthecouplinglinksarereleased.鉤簧板被彈簧拉緊，直到聯(lián)結(jié)桿松開(kāi)為止。Couplerlockretainastheratchethasengagedwiththecatch.棘爪與棘爪接合時(shí)，鉤鎖保持不變。Thecatchloadedbytensionspringmovesforwardandreleasetheratchet.拉簧加載的棘爪向前移動(dòng)并釋放棘輪。Thecouplerlockisturnedbytheactionoftensionsprings耦合器鎖通過(guò)張力彈簧的作用轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。Semi-Automaticcoupler半自動(dòng)耦合器：Coupletwovehicleunitestoconstituteatrain.將兩輛車(chē)聯(lián)結(jié)成一列火車(chē)。Ashockabsorptionprotectfromdamagesinoverloadconditionduringcollision.減震防止碰撞時(shí)過(guò)載狀態(tài)的損壞。Couplingisperformedautomaticallywithoutmanualassistant聯(lián)軸器自動(dòng)執(zhí)行，無(wú)需人工助理。Airpipesareautomaticallyconnected空氣管自動(dòng)連接Bothelectricalcouplinganduncouplingismanuallyusingaspanner.電氣耦合和解耦都是手動(dòng)使用扳手。Mechanicaluncouplingcanbemanuallybyaspannerorautomaticallybypneumaticuncouplingvalve.機(jī)械解耦可由扳手手動(dòng)或由氣動(dòng)解耦閥自動(dòng)控制。Theemergencybrakeonbothtrainsectionstopreventunintendedde-coupling.緊急制動(dòng)在兩個(gè)列車(chē)區(qū)段，以防止意外解耦。Hassamecomponentsastheautomaticcouple具有與自動(dòng)耦合器相同的部件。Permitsnegotiateverticalcurvesandhorizontalcurveandallowrotation.允許談判垂直曲線和水平曲線，并允許旋轉(zhuǎn)。Ensurepermanentconnectionofvehicles確保車(chē)輛的永久連接Noseparation—exceptforemergencyormaintenanceintheworkshop.車(chē)間內(nèi)除應(yīng)急或維修外不得分離。Ensuremechanicalcouplingandthecontinuityofthemainairpipe.確保機(jī)械耦合和主風(fēng)管的連續(xù)性。Equippedwithanelectricalconnectionforemergencybrake配備了緊急殺U車(chē)的電氣連接。Drawbarhavesareconnectedbyeasilydetachablemuffcoupling—ensurerigid,slack-freeandsafeconnection.拉桿連接件由易于拆卸的套筒連接連接，確保剛性、無(wú)松馳和安全連接。Couplinganduncouplingareconductedonthebaritselfbyassemblinganddisassemblingthecouplingmuffs.通過(guò)裝配和拆卸耦合套筒，在桿本身上進(jìn)行耦合和解耦。Permitscoupledunitstonegotiateverticalandhorizontalcurves.允許耦合單元來(lái)協(xié)商垂直和水平曲線。Allowrotationalmovementsevenatdifferentheight.允許旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，即使在不同的高度。Gangways貫通道Definition定義：Agangwayistheflexibleelementandallowspeoplemovingbetweencoupledvehicles,contributingtoaneven,safe,andcomfortabledistributionofpassengersthroughoutthetrain.舷梯是柔性元件，允許人們?cè)隈詈系能?chē)輛之間移動(dòng)， 有助于在整個(gè)列車(chē)上均勻、 安全和舒適地分布乘客。Capability:能力：Negotiate（通過(guò)）themostrestrictive（嚴(yán)苛）combinationofconditions（Verticalcurve,horizontalcurve,worsttrackconditions,vehiclespeed）andcopewithallkindsofmovementsunderalloperationconditions,serveasavestibule（車(chē)廂末端連接）forpassengers.在各種操作條件下，協(xié)商條件（豎直曲線、水平曲線、最差軌道條件、車(chē)速）的最嚴(yán)格限制（組合），并應(yīng)對(duì)所有操作條件下的各種運(yùn)動(dòng)，作為乘客的前廳。Characteristics特點(diǎn)：All-aroundcloseddesign館密封設(shè)計(jì)）.Quitetightagainstingress很緊，不能進(jìn)去。Efficientthermalandnoiseinsulation（絕緣）.有效的隔熱和隔音（PUT）。Components:組件：Avehiclemountingplat車(chē)輛安裝平臺(tái)Afaceplate（面板）Bellowsassembly網(wǎng)箱組件）Gatheringmechanism聚集機(jī)理LatchingMechanism鎖機(jī)制Bridgeplate（踏橋）VehicleMountingPlate車(chē)輛安裝板（VMP）Aluminiumportalstructure—rigidinteface.鋁門(mén)結(jié)構(gòu)剛性界面。Directlyboltedtothevehiclebodyviamountingholes（安裝孔）.通過(guò)安裝孔直接螺栓連接到車(chē)身上。Withstandingalloperationloadsexertedthroughthebellowsassembly.承受通過(guò)波紋管組件施加的所有操作負(fù)載。Profiledtoaccommodateanintegralelastomericseal整體化彈性密封）.Elastomericsealiscompressedandprovidesanautomaticenvironmentalseal.彈性密封件被壓縮并提供自動(dòng)環(huán)境密封。Finishedwithapaintsystemapprovedofexterioruse完成了油漆系統(tǒng)批準(zhǔn)的夕卜部使用。Faceplate面板：Aluminiumportalstructure—thematingsurfacefortheconnectionoftwogangways.鋁門(mén)結(jié)構(gòu)，用于連接兩個(gè)舷梯的配合面。Profiledtoaccommodateanintegralelastomericsealonrearwardface.成型，以適應(yīng)一個(gè)整體彈性密封后表面。Elastomericsealcompressedandprovidesanautomaticenvironmentalsealwhentwogangwaysareclosedandlocked.彈性密封件壓縮，并提供自動(dòng)環(huán)境密封時(shí)，兩個(gè)通道關(guān)閉和鎖定。Connectedtobellowsassembly-boltedthroughmountingholes.連接到波紋管組件螺栓通過(guò)安裝孔。Bellows風(fēng)箱：Flexible,doubleskinnedandreinforcedelastomericenclosure（曾強(qiáng)型彈性夕卜殼）withoutpermanentdeformation（持久變形）.柔性的、雙皮的和增強(qiáng)的彈性外殼（不變形），沒(méi)有永久變形。AttachedtofaceplateandVMP—acriticaloperationthatcannotbeseparatedfromthem.附在面板和VMPP上的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵操作，它們離不開(kāi)它們。Anyactionrequiringbellowsremovalandrefittingmustbecompletedbythegangwaymanufacturer.任何需要風(fēng)箱拆除和改裝的動(dòng)作都必須由舷梯制造商完成。Gatheringmechanism聚集機(jī)理Drawingtogetherofgangwaysduringcoupling聯(lián)軸器合攏Initialseparationafteruncoupling.解耦后的初始分離。Operatedfrominsideofthegangway從舷梯內(nèi)側(cè)操作Latchingmechanism閂鎖機(jī)構(gòu)Adeadboltbarwithanovercenterlocking（過(guò)中心、鎖定）mechanism.一個(gè)具有過(guò)中心鎖定（死鎖）機(jī)制的死鎖桿。Function:Finaldrawingtogetherandlockingofthetwoopposingfaceplatesfollowingvehiclecoupling.功能：在車(chē)輛聯(lián)接器之后，將兩個(gè)相對(duì)的面板合攏并鎖定。Oncethetwofaceplateshavebeenfullygatheredtogetherbythegatheringmechanism,thelatchingmechanismcanbeoperatedtosecurethefaceplateaftergathering.一旦兩個(gè)面板通過(guò)聚集機(jī)構(gòu)完全聚集在一起，就可以操作閂鎖機(jī)構(gòu)以在收集之后固定面板。Bridgeplate橋面板Alsocalledtreadplate在紋板）isanti-sliptype（防滑型）.又稱(chēng)胎面板，是防滑型。Usedtocarrystandingpassengers?來(lái)運(yùn)送站立的乘客。Meetrequirementloadof9personpersquaremeter.^足每平方米9人的需求負(fù)荷。Materialshouldbechosentomeetrequirementsofminimalwearout最小的磨損）.應(yīng)選擇材料以滿足最小磨損的要求。Allmaterialsusedinthegangwayshouldmeettherequirementsoffireprevention（防火）standardsandanti-corrosion（防腐蝕）.舷梯內(nèi)所有材料均應(yīng)符合防火標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和防腐蝕要求。Pneumaticsystem氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)Motorcompressorunit.AirdryerunitAirpipesystems電動(dòng)壓縮機(jī)組空氣干燥器空氣管路系統(tǒng)Offercompressedair;提供壓縮空氣；Purificationanddryingofthecompressedair;壓縮空氣的凈化和干燥；Removedust,impurities,oilandwater,etc清除灰塵、雜質(zhì)、油和水等。Ensurebrakingsystemandotherequipmentworklongandreliably.確保制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)及其他設(shè)備的工作可靠。AimofPneumaticsystem-Providecompressedairtosupply氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)-提供壓縮空氣供應(yīng)Brakingandairsuspensioncontrolequipmentoneachca每輛車(chē)的制動(dòng)和空氣懸架控制設(shè)備Automaticcouplersystemequipment自動(dòng)耦合器系統(tǒng)設(shè)備Permanentdrawbar永久拉桿Semi-permanentdrawba伴永久拉桿Airconditioningsystemoneachcar每輛車(chē)的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)compressors縮機(jī)Whatdoesthecompressorconsistof衽縮機(jī)是由什么組成的？P106第一句Wheredoesthecompressorlocate壓縮機(jī)在哪里？Thecompressorisfittedtothetrailercarsonly,whereisslungunderneaththevehiclebyspringtyperesilientmountings.壓縮機(jī)只安裝在掛車(chē)上，在彈簧下面用彈簧式彈性安裝件懸掛。What'sthefunctionofthecompressor?壓縮機(jī)的功能是什么?Theseprovideeffectivecushioningoftheunitandreducethevibrationtransmitted這些提供了有效的緩沖單元和減少傳輸?shù)恼駝?dòng)。What'stheoperationmechanismofthecompressor?^縮機(jī)的運(yùn)行機(jī)理是什么?P106第二段Airdryer空氣干燥器Components組件Three-cylinderreciprocatingcompressor,coolersanddrivemotor三缸往復(fù)式壓縮機(jī)、冷卻器和驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)Location位置Slungunderneaththevehiclebyspringtyperesilientmountingsonlyintrailercar.懸掛在車(chē)輛下面的彈簧型彈性安裝僅在拖車(chē)。Function功能Coolsairandprovides950L/mincooledcompressedairatnominalpressureof10bartothebrakingairsystem.冷卻空氣，并在額定氣壓為10巴的制動(dòng)空氣系統(tǒng)中提供 950L/min冷卻壓縮空氣。Workingmechanism工作機(jī)理Drawinthroughairfilters空氣濾清器吸入Initiallycompressedbythetwolow-pressurepiston最初由兩個(gè)低壓活塞壓縮Channeledthroughtheintercooler通過(guò)中間冷卻器Furthercompressedbythehigh-pressurepiston高壓活塞進(jìn)一步壓縮Dischargedairpassedthroughtheaftercooler.日出的空氣通過(guò)后冷去口器。Compressedcoolingairflowtotheairsystemandfurthertreatedbytheairdryerthroughoutlet.壓縮冷卻空氣流向空氣系統(tǒng)，并通過(guò)出口空氣干燥器進(jìn)一步處理。NOTICE注意Twocanistertypeintakeairfilterslocatedinprotectivehousing.位于保護(hù)殼中的兩個(gè)罐式進(jìn)氣過(guò)濾器。Developspinningmotiontocentrifugethelargeparticlesofdustandmoisturefromtheairflow.發(fā)展紡紗運(yùn)動(dòng)，以離心空氣中的灰塵和水分。Trappedinsmallchamberanddischargedundergravit射困在小室中，在重力作用下排出。Thecompressorisprotectedfromover-pressurizationbytwosafetyvalves.壓縮機(jī)被兩個(gè)安全閥保護(hù)過(guò)大。Function功能Tomeettemperatureandhumidityrequirements.滿足溫度和濕度要求。Type類(lèi)型Regenerativeabsorptiontypeusingtwintowerchargedwithactivatedalumina循性氧化鋁)采用活性氧化鋁加裝雙塔的蓄熱式吸收式Location位置Mountedonthecombinedairsupplyandbrakecontrolmodulefittedtoeachcar.安裝在組合的空氣供應(yīng)和制動(dòng)控制模塊安裝到每輛車(chē)上。Operationmode運(yùn)行方式Workedinparallel,airwasdriedinonetowerandthedesiccantisregeneratedintheother.并行工作，空氣在一個(gè)塔中干燥，干燥劑在另一個(gè)塔中再生。Control控制Controlledbyatimeroperatedpistonvalves(selectonetoweratatime,changingata2minterval);由一個(gè)定時(shí)器操作的活塞閥控制(每次選擇一個(gè)塔，在2m間隔內(nèi)改變)；Thespringloadedpistonvalveslocatedinseparatehousingundersideoftheairdrierbracket,operatedbyairpressuresuppliedthroughasolenoidvalve.彈簧加載的活塞閥位于空氣干燥器支架的單獨(dú)的殼體下側(cè)， 由通過(guò)電磁閥供給的空氣壓力操作。Athermostatcontrolledheaterunit(恒溫控制力口熱單元)inthepistonvalvehousingisusedtopreventthevalvesfromfreezingincoldconditions,permitfreedrainage(排水)ofthetowers.在活塞閥殼體中使用恒溫器控制的加熱器單元(PosialSuthOffice)防止閥門(mén)在寒冷條件下結(jié)冰，允許塔樓的自由排水。Someothercomponentsusedtocontroltheairflowarelocatedwithintheportedaluminiumpipebracket用于控制空氣流動(dòng)的一些其它部件位于端口鋁管支架內(nèi)。Otherequipment其他設(shè)備EPBrakeControlPanel(BCP)制動(dòng)控制板(BCP)FittedtotheCombinedAriSupply,theBrakeControlUnitandtheothertwoBrakeControlModules.TheBCUthatisvarytoreflectthedifferentweightofthecars.裝配在ARI電源、制動(dòng)控制單元和其他兩個(gè)制動(dòng)控制模塊上。 BCU是不同的，以反映不同重量的汽車(chē)。BrakeControlUnit(BCU)制動(dòng)控制單元(BCU)Threevariants,designedforthedifferingweightsofthethreecars.Maindifferenceisthevariableloadvalves（變載荷閥）.TheBCUprovidealoadweightedoutputtothebrakecylinderinresponsetoelectricalsignalsreceivedfromtheBrakeControlElectronics（BCE）.三種變型，為三輛汽車(chē)的不同重量而設(shè)計(jì)。主要的區(qū)別是可變負(fù)荷閥。 BCU響應(yīng)于從制動(dòng)控制電子設(shè)備（BCE）接收到的電信號(hào)，向制動(dòng)缸提供負(fù)載加權(quán)輸出。Variableloadvakes可變負(fù)荷閥MountedonthesideoftheBCU,connectedtothecarairsuspensionandprovideanoutputpressuretoBCUthatisproportionaltotheloadonthecar.Calculatetheamountofbrakingeffortandenableemergencybrakingforcetobematchedtototalcarweight.安裝在BCU的側(cè)面，連接到汽車(chē)空氣懸架，并提供與汽車(chē)負(fù)載成比例的 BCU的輸出壓力。計(jì)算制動(dòng)工作量，使緊急制動(dòng)力與整車(chē)總重量相匹配。Treadbrakeunit（踏面制動(dòng)單元）Providedirectfrictionbrakeforcestothewheeltreadduringnormalserviceandemergencybrakeapplications.Twotypes:TreadbrakeunitsandTreadbrakeunitswithParkingBrake在正常使用和緊急制動(dòng)應(yīng)用中， 為車(chē)輪踏面提供直接摩擦制動(dòng)力。 有兩種類(lèi)型：踏面制動(dòng)單元和帶有駐車(chē)制動(dòng)器的踏面制動(dòng)單元。Levellingvake調(diào)平閥Towlevellingvalvesarefittedatbothendofthecarandconnectedtoanassociatedairspringindividually.Thefunctionistoregulatethecarbodylevel,irrespectiveoftheloadconditionbychargingorventingtheairspring.兩個(gè)調(diào)平閥安裝在汽車(chē)的兩端并分別與一個(gè)相關(guān)的空氣彈簧相連。 其功能是調(diào)節(jié)汽車(chē)車(chē)身的水平，而不管空氣彈簧的充氣或排氣情況如何。Meanpressurevale￥均壓力谷Provideacontrolledairpressurethatinproportionaltothepressuredifferencebetweenthetwosetsofairsuspensionbags.Thecontrolledairpressureisregisteredbythevariableloadvalveandapressuretransducer.提供一個(gè)與兩組空氣懸浮袋之間的壓力差成比例的受控空氣壓力。 控制空氣壓力由可變負(fù)載閥和壓力傳感器記錄。Duplexdumpvalve雙聯(lián)卸料閥Fittedineachcar,oneforeachbogie.TheWSPsystemusesthistomodifythebrakingeffortatthebrakecylinder.ThevalveisaquickactinghighflowvalveandpermittingrapidresponsetoWPSdemandthroughtwoways:每輛車(chē)裝一輛，每輛轉(zhuǎn)向架一輛。 WSP系統(tǒng)使用這來(lái)修改制動(dòng)缸的制動(dòng)力。該閥是一種快速作用的大流量閥，允許通過(guò)兩種方式快速響應(yīng) WPS需求：Reducingthebrakecylinderpressureandmaintainingasetpressure降低制動(dòng)缸壓力并保持設(shè)定壓力PermittingfullunmodifiedcontroldirectlyfromBCU.允許完全未修改的控制直接從BCU。Compensatingvakes補(bǔ)償閥Fittedoneachcarandformpartoftheairsuspensionequipmentandpositionedbetweenthetwoairspringsateitherendandreceiveanairsupplyfromthehorizontallevellingvalves.Ifthepressurediffersbyapredeterminedamount,thecompensatingvalveopens.安裝在每輛車(chē)上，形成空氣懸架設(shè)備的一部分，并位于兩端的兩個(gè)空氣彈簧之間， 并從水平調(diào)平閥接收空氣供應(yīng)。如果壓力不同于預(yù)定量，則補(bǔ)償閥打開(kāi)。Airdistribution氣流組織theisolatingcocks,intervehicleMRPhoses,air