2021年全國乙卷英語真題答案解析

2021年全國乙卷英語真題答案解析絕密★啟用前2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題:每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingtheway.B.Givingdirections.C.Correctingamistake.2.Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?A.8.B.10.C.12.3.Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Handletheproblem.C.Havearest.4.Whichtourdoesthemanseemtobeinterestedin?A.Theeveningtour.B.Thehalf-daytour.C.Thefull-daytour.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacanteen.B.Ataclinic.C.Atabank.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A.Entertaining.B.Discouraging.C.Boring.7.WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Watchagame.B.Playtennis.C.Gotothecinema.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhatdoesthemanadviseMrs.Whitetodo?A.Goonadiet.B.Domoreexercise.C.Getenoughsleep.9.WhichcanbeincludedinMrs.White'sbreakfast?A.Eggs.B.Sausages.C.Porridge.10.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher.B.Aphysician.C.Achef.聽第8段材料，回答第11至14題。11.HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?A.Confused.B.Excited.C.Anxious.12.WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.TocomfortNancy.B.ToexpresshisregretC.Toshowhispride.13.WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A.TakeaschooltestB.Haveacheck-up.C.Goinforacompetition.14.WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A.Rewriteherlines.B.Drivehertothetheatre.C.Helpherwiththepractice.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.WhatwasProf.Stone'sgrandfatherafraidof?A.Leavinghishome.B.Partingfromhisson.C.Takingearlyretirement.16.WhatdoesoldagemeantomanyelderlyAmericans?A.Lackofmoralsupport.B.Lossofself-worth.C.Changeoflivinghabits.17.WhatwillProfStonetalkaboutnextconcerningelderlypeople?A.Publicservicestheyaskfor.B.Healthcareavailabletothem.C.Contributionstheycanmake.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeaker'smotherwanthertobe?A.Aconfidentperson.B.Awarm-heartedperson.C.Ahumorousperson.19.Whydidthespeakerfeellonelyinherchildhood?A.SheoftentraveledbyherselfB.Herfamilymovedfrequently.C.Hermotherwasbusyworking.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Importanceofhomeschooling.B.Mother-daughterrelationship.C.Arolemodelinherfamily.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.Q.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumarecontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandacomfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.?Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R-Korea.Capacity.150,000.Opened.May1,1989.?MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October1,1927.?BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,I960.?OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.?KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?A.Theyhostbiggames.B.TheyhavebecometouristattractionsC.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D.TheyarefavoredbyarchitectsBWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline(座機)Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey(調(diào)查).OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket-19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)-only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.26.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.CYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,foreingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(來源)ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic,"VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.30.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewers?A.Calming.B.DisturbingCRefreshingD.Challenging.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafetyB.MediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculpturesDDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干擾)inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus."Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworksTheresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分貝),70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfocus"appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.33.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A.Totalsilence.B.50decibels.C.70decibels.D.85decibels.34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D.Constantinterruptions.35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He'sanewsreporter.B.He’sonofficemanager.C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.D.He'sapublishedwriter.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.___36___,ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?",you'llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou'retalkingto.____37___.itcanbringin"Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle"or"Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback."Itjustopensupconversation.____38___?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺).Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.___39_____Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(贊揚).__40___.Justquicklytunaroundandsay,"Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion"Howdidyougethere?',D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa___41__Justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent____42___ofgratitude(感謝).Mythoughtsweresoon___43___.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas___44____fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while__45___togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas____46_____discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,___47____theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though___48___,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.Shewas__49____foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher___50____atherrecovery.Asshewas____51___shewaseagertosay___52____toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe___53______onenurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague____54___toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust___55___ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen____56____:"Ohthisisn'tforthe___57___Ihad.Itakethatasa____58____.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.''Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,___59____livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan___60____andshouldberewarded.41.A.cleanerB.chemistC.nurseD.doctor42.A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations43.A.brushedasideB.puttothetestC.broughtunderdiscussionD.takenintoaccount44.A.departingB.escapingC.retiringD.recovering45.A.attemptingB.choosingC.pausingD.promising46.A.eventuallyB.fortunatelyC.casuallyD.secretly47.A.assessingB.requiringC.formingD.proving48.A.slightlyB.accidentallyC.slowlyD.happily49.A.gratefulB.thoughtfulC.sorrowfulD.fearful50.A.surpriseB.delightC.curiosityD.disappointment51.A.operatingB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving52.A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.yes53.A.reachedB.consultedC.introducedD.persuaded54.A.wishedB.pretendedC.failedD.refused55.A.enjoyingB.doingC.securingD.starting56.A.repeatedB.recitedC.repliedD.reported57.A.courageB.patienceC.dutyD.care58.A.goalB.givenC.pushD.greeting59.A.riskingB.changingC.savingD.building60.A.honourB.abilityC.openingD.extra第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影響)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome61(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe62(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas63(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept64thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto65growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes66tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:lMinimizetheimpactof67(visit)theplace.lBuildrespectforandawarenessoftheen