江蘇省蘇州市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中調(diào)研英語試題 （含答案）

第23頁/共23頁江蘇省蘇州市2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三期中調(diào)研試卷英語注意事項:1.本試卷滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。2.答題前,務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校,姓名、考試號等相關(guān)信息寫在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方。3.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Takeanexerciseclass.B.Haveashower.C.Swiminapool.2.Howdoesthemansuggestthewomangettotheairport?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.3.Whydoesthemanwanttostudyabroad?A.TolearnEnglishquicker.B.Togainvaluableexperience.C.Tostudyatagooduniversity.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Receivingahealthcheckup.B.Interviewingacandidate.C.Applyingforajob.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awintersport.B.Ahikingtrip.C.Weatherconditions.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7題。6.Whydoesthemanleavehiscurrentposition?A.Heisgoingtoretire.B.Hehasgotajobelsewhere.C.Hewillmovetoanothercitywithhiswife.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Lonely.B.Unhappy.C.Excited.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8Howdidthemanlearnabouttheoriginofbadminton?A.Fromhisgrandmother.B.Fromaschoollesson.C.Fromajourney.9.Whyarethespeakerswaitingtoplay?A.Thecourtisoccupied.B.Theyarrivedatthecourtlate.C.Theydidn’tbookacourtinadvance.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inacinema.B.Inaschool.C.Inthespeakers’house.11.Whowasthewomansupposedtomeettoday?A.Herdoctor.B.Herteacher.C.Herfriends.12.Whichmovieserieswillthespeakerswatch?A.HarryPotter.B.FastandFurious.C.MissionImpossible.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Shopownerandcustomer.B.Tourguideandtourist.C.Hotelworkerandguest.14.Whichcountrydoesthewomancomefrom?A.China.B.America.C.SouthAfrica.15.WhatdoesthemansayaboutsmartphonesinChina?A.They’repopularamongbusinessmen.B.They’releadinginadvancedtechnology.C.They’recheaperthanthoseofothercountries.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Getsomecash.B.Callherco-worker.C.Openacreditcardaccount.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhatdoweknowaboutJose?A.Hejustfinishedhighschool.B.Heisgoingtostartanewfamily.C.Hehasgraduatedfromuniversityrecently.18.Whenwillthepartybeheld?A.ThisFriday.B.ThisSaturday.C.ThisSunday.19.WhatdoesthespeakeraskJosetodo?A.Beresponsibleforhisdecisions.B.Startasuccessfulbusiness.C.Studyoverseas.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Heisabuilder.B.Heisacook.C.Heisafarmer.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AMostofushaveanunreasonablefearorhabit.Famousfolksoftenseemtogoonestepfurther.DianevonFurstenbergFashiondesignerandiconDianevonFurstenberg(1946-)tapesagold20-franccoininhershoeforgoodluckbeforeeveryrunwayshow.HerfatherhidthecoininhisshoeduringWorldWarIIandgaveittoherwhenshewasagirl.LucilleBallOnthedaythatthree-year-oldLucilleBall’sfatherdied,abirdflewintoherhomeandbecametrapped.Traumatized(受精神創(chuàng)傷)bytheevents,shedevelopedalifelongfeelingofintensedislikeofbirds.Theactor(1911-1989)evenrefusedtostayinhotelsthathadpicturesofbirdsonthewalls.CharlesDickensAuthorCharlesDickens(1812-1870)carriedanavigationalcompasswithhimatalltimesandalwaysfacednorthwhenheslept.Hebelieveditimprovedhiscreativityandwriting.GustavMahlerComposerGustavMahler(1860-1911)thoughthecouldcheatdeathbynotnaminghisninthsymphonybynumber.Thiswasbecauseseveralcomposers,includingBeethovenandSchubert,haddiedaftercompletingtheirninthsymphonies.SoMahlercalledhisninthTheSongoftheEarth—anditworked,inasense.Helivedlongenoughtowritemostofhistenthsymphony,thoughhediedbeforeitwasperformed.1.Whoisaperfectmatchfor“TREASUREFROMDAD”?A.DianevonFurstenberg.B.LucilleBall.C.CharlesDickens.D.GustavMahler.2.WhichofthefollowingpicturesbestdescribeswhatGustavMahlerbelievedin?A. B.C. D.3.Whatdotheabovefamousfolkshaveincommon?A.Theyaremoreunreasonablethanordinarypeople.B.Theyareinfluencedbytheirunusualbeliefs.C.Theyhaverecipesforgoodluck.D.Theyhavespecialfears.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四位名人不同尋常的恐懼和習(xí)慣?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對DianevonFurstenberg介紹的句子“HerfatherhidthecoininhisshoeduringWorldWarIIandgaveittoherwhenshewasagirl.（第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，她的父親把這枚硬幣藏在鞋子里，在她還是個小女孩的時候送給了她）”可知，TREASUREFROMDAD符合對DianevonFurstenberg描述。故選A項。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)對GustavMahler介紹的句子“ComposerGustavMahler(1860-1911)thoughthecouldcheatdeathbynotnaminghisninthsymphonybynumber.Thiswasbecauseseveralcomposers,includingBeethovenandSchubert,haddiedaftercompletingtheirninthsymphonies.SoMahlercalledhisninthTheSongoftheEarth（作曲家古斯塔夫·馬勒(1860-1911)認為他可以通過不以數(shù)字命名第九交響曲來逃避死亡。這是因為包括貝多芬和舒伯特在內(nèi)的幾位作曲家都在完成第九交響曲后去世。因此馬勒把他的第九部作品命名為《大地之歌》）”可知，GustavMahler是害怕“9”這個數(shù)字的，而C項中的圖片正好展示的是對數(shù)字“9”的恐懼。故選C項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Mostofushaveanunreasonablefearorhabit.Famousfolksoftenseemtogoonestepfurther.（我們大多數(shù)人都有一種不合理的恐懼或習(xí)慣。名人似乎更是如此）”的內(nèi)容，再分析文中提到的四位名人產(chǎn)生某種恐懼或習(xí)慣原因可知，他們都受到不同尋常的信念的影響。故選B項。BJimMetznerhasspentnearlyfivedecadesdocumentingandsharingthesoundsoftheworld,fromimmersiveportraitsofAmericancitiestounforgettablemomentswithpeopleandwildlifeinvariedplaces.NowmorepeoplewillbeabletohearmoreoftheworldthroughMetzner’stape.TheLibraryofCongressannouncedearlierthismonththatithasacquiredthefullbodyofhislife’swork.Therecordingsincludesoundscapesofeverydescriptionfromaroundtheworldandinterviewswithscientists,artistsandlocalpeople.Whereasmanyrecordistsfocusentirelyonasinglesubject—nature,musicorscience—Metzner’srecordingsconveyvarioushumanexperiencesaccompaniedbythevastrangeofsoundsfromthenaturalworld.Metzner’scareerbeganwithamomentofrealizationinthe1970s,whenhefirstventuredontothecampusofUMassAmherstequippedwithastereorecorder,microphoneandearphones.Metznerrecalledpushingtheredbuttonandhearingalifelikesymphony:acouplewalkingandtalkingnearby,abicycleridingthroughgravel,abirdflyingoverhead,bellsinthedistance.“AndIwasgoinglike,‘Wow,thisisamazing.Whatanextraordinarycoincidence!’”herecalled.“Butitwasn’tacoincidence--thisstuffwashappeningallthetime,Ijusthadn’tbeenpayingattentiontoit.Anditwasthemicrophoneandtherecorderthatsaid,‘Wakeup...youliveinaworldofsound.Hereitis.’Anditwas,like,handingittomeonaplate.”Metznercontinuedtofocusonthosemomentsovertheyears.Nowinhis7Os,Metznerisn’thanginguphismicrophonequiteyet.HetellsNPRhe’sgratefultotheLibraryofCongressforpreservinghislife’swork,whichhedescribesasadeephonor.Buthealsowantstomakesureit’sactuallybeingheard,notjust“buriedinanarchive(檔案室).”Hehopesmorepeoplewillgettoexperience—andrecognizethevalue--ofsoundscapes,whichhedescribesas“partofournaturalheritage”and“thetouchstonestoourfeelings.”“YoucangotoamuseumandseeDianeArbus’photographs.YoucanseeReneMagritte’spaintings,”headds.“Whynotsoundscapes?”4.WhatisspecialaboutMetzner’srecordings?A.Theydescribetheinterviewswithlocalpeople.B.Theyconveysoundsfromhumanactivities.C.Theydisplaysoundsondifferentsubjects.D.Theyfocusentirelyonasinglesubject.5.WhatinspiredMetznertotakeuptherecordingcareer?A.AsymphonyheheardonthecampusofUMassAmherst.B.Asound-richmomentonthecampusofUMassAmherst.C.Arealizationthathewaswellequippedwithrecordingdevices.D.Acoincidencethathehappenedtobewakenupbytherecorder.6.WhichaspectdoesMetznervaluemostabouthislife’swork?A.TheLibraryofCongresshaspreservedit.B.Ithasrecordedunforgettablemoments.C.Itcanbecomeournaturalheritage.D.Morepeoplecanactuallyhearit.7.WhatdoesMetznerprobablymeaninthelastparagraph?A.Soundscapesareeverybitasmuchofanartform.B.Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoappreciatesoundscapes.C.Photographsandpaintingsarerecognizedasnaturalheritage.D.Thevalueofsoundscapesdeservesmorerecognitionthanothers.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是JimMetzner開始記錄自然之聲的經(jīng)歷，作品后被圖書館收錄。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Therecordingsincludesoundscapesofeverydescriptionfromaroundtheworldandinterviewswithscientists,artistsandlocalpeople.Whereasmanyrecordistsfocusentirelyonasinglesubject—nature,musicorscience—Metzner’srecordingsconveyvarioushumanexperiencesaccompaniedbythevastrangeofsoundsfromthenaturalworld.(這些錄音包括來自世界各地的各種音景，以及對科學(xué)家、藝術(shù)家和當(dāng)?shù)厝说牟稍L。盡管許多唱片家只專注于單一的主題——自然、音樂或科學(xué)，但梅茨納的唱片傳達了各種各樣的人類經(jīng)歷，并伴隨著來自自然界的各種各樣的聲音。)”可知，Metzner的錄音的特別之處在于它們展示不同主題的聲音。故選C。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Metzner’scareerbeganwithamomentofrealizationinthe1970s,whenhefirstventuredontothecampusofUMassAmherstequippedwithastereorecorder,microphoneandearphones.Metznerrecalledpushingtheredbuttonandhearingalifelikesymphony:acouplewalkingandtalkingnearby,abicycleridingthroughgravel,abirdflyingoverhead,bellsinthedistance.(Metzner的職業(yè)生涯始于20世紀(jì)70年代的一個頓悟時刻，當(dāng)時他第一次帶著立體聲錄音機、麥克風(fēng)和耳機冒險來到馬薩諸塞大學(xué)阿默斯特分校的校園。Metznerre說，按下紅色按鈕，就能聽到栩栩如生的交響樂：一對夫婦在附近散步聊天，一輛自行車穿過碎石，一只鳥從頭頂飛過，遠處傳來鈴聲。)”可知，激發(fā)Metzner從事唱片事業(yè)的是在馬薩諸塞大學(xué)阿默斯特分校的校園里的一個充滿聲音的時刻，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Buthealsowantstomakesureit’sactuallybeingheard,notjust“buriedinanarchive(檔案室).(但他也想確保它真的被聽到，而不是“埋在檔案里”。)”可知，在他畢生的工作中，Metzner最看重的是更多的人可以聽到它。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““YoucangotoamuseumandseeDianeArbus’photographs.YoucanseeReneMagritte’spaintings,”headds.“Whynotsoundscapes?”(“你可以去博物館看DianeArbus的照片。你可以看到ReneMagritte的畫，”他補充道。“為什么不能看聲音景觀呢？”)”可知，Metzner在最后一段的意思是聲音景觀也是一種藝術(shù)形式。故選A。CLotsofanimalsliveandmoveingroups--elephantsinherds,wolvesinpacks,birdsinflocks,andfishinschools.Researchhasshownthatwhereanindividualislocatedinthegroupcanaffectthebenefitsitgetsfromhangingoutinacrowd.However,ShaunKillen,anecophysiologistattheUniversityofGlasgowintheUKsays,researchershaven’tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collectivebehavior.KillenandhiscolleaguesrecentlystudiedschoolsofEurasianminnows(修魚)swimminginatankagainstacurrent.Piecesoffoodwereconstantlymovingpastthefish,andtheteamrecordedhowmanyeachminnowateandthefishes’positionsbeforeandaftereating.Aftercalculatingthemetabolic(新陳代謝的)costsofdigestingeachfish’smealandcomparingittothefish’sposition,theteamobservedatrend:fishthathadjustgulpeddownabigmealmovedtothebackoftheschool,evenwhenthey’dswumatthefrontatmostothertimes.“Itmakessensethatfeedingwouldinfluenceindividuals’positionsinagroup,”saysDamienFarine,whostudiescollectivebehaviorinbirdsattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany,“Ifafishishungry,it’scompetingwithothersintheschooltoeat,andbeingatthefrontgivesitaccesstomorefood.Butoncethefishisfull,itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.”Inaddition,“beingatthebackofthegroupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons,”Farinenotes.”Anindividualatthebackdoesn’thavetocontributetonavigating,andbyrelaxingthebrainloaditsavesmoreenergy.”Killensayshe’sbeenthinkingabouttheprosandconsofbeingatthebackofthepack,suchasprotectionfromattackersandaboostfromschoolmates’slipstream.Changesinposition,especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement,appeartoinfluencegroupleadership,informationtransfer,andgroupdecisionmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstood.8.WhatdoesKillenandhiscolleagues’studyfocuson?AHowbehavioraltraitsinfluencepositionchangeofindividualsinfishschools.B.Howlocationinfluencesnutritionstatesofindividualsinfishschools.C.Howdigestioninfluencesdistributionofindividualsinfishschools.D.Howlocationinfluencesbenefitsofindividualsinfishschools.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gulpeddown”meaninParagraph2?A.Swallowed. B.Located. C.Witnessed. D.Missed.10.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?AAfullfishcompetestoeatattheback.B.Ahungryfishhaseasieraccesstomorefood.C.Beingatthebacksavestheenergyofafullfish.D.Beingatthefrontcostsahungryfishlessenergy.11.WhatisShaunKillen’sattitudetohisstudy?A.Cautious. B.Confident. C.Positive. D.Disappointed.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了個體在群體中的位置會影響他所獲得的利益這件事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“researchershaven’tyetfullyexploredtheroleofphysiologicalprocessessuchasdigestionindrivinganimals’collectivebehavior(研究人員還沒有完全探索消化等生理過程在驅(qū)動動物集體行為中的作用)”和第二段的“KillenandhiscolleaguesrecentlystudiedschoolsofEurasianminnowsswimminginatankagainstacurrent.Piecesoffoodwereconstantlymovingpastthefish,andtheteamrecordedhowmanyeachminnowateandthefishes’positionsbeforeandaftereating.(Killen和他的同事們最近研究了成群的歐亞鰷魚在水箱中逆流而游。食物塊不斷地從魚旁邊移動，研究團隊記錄了每條小魚吃了多少，以及魚在吃之前和之后的位置。)”可知，Killen和他同事的研究重點是消化如何影響魚群中個體的分布。故選C。9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“abigmeal(一頓大餐)”可知，魚是吃下大餐，gulpeddown意為“吞下，吃下”，和swallowed意思相近，故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Butoncethefishisfull,itdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobeatthefront.(但一旦魚吃飽了，它就不一定要在前面了。)”和“beingatthebackofthegroupislessenergeticallycostlyforarangeofreasons(由于各種原因，處于群體的后部消耗的能量較少)”可知，在后面可以節(jié)省吃飽的魚的能量。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Changesinposition,especiallyduringthebasictrade-offbetweenfeedingandmovement,appeartoinfluencegroupleadership,informationtransfer,andgroupdecisionmaking.Buttheconsequencesofthetrade-offsforgrouppowerandsurvivalarenotyetunderstood.(位置的變化，尤其是在進食和運動之間的基本權(quán)衡過程中，似乎會影響群體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、信息傳遞和群體決策。但群體權(quán)力和生存之間權(quán)衡的后果尚不清楚。)”可知，ShaunKillen對他的研究的態(tài)度是謹慎的，故選A。DClotheswereonceuseduntiltheyfellapart.Nottoday.Inhigh-incomecountriesinparticular,clothingandfootwearareincreasinglyfrequentlybought,thrownawayandreplacedwithnewfashions,whicharethemselvessoonthrownawayandreplaced.Theso-called‘Fastfashion’ishavingasurprisingenvironmentalimpact.‘Takewater.Thefashionindustry,oneoftheworld’slargestusersofwater,consumesanywherefrom20trillionto200trillionlitreseveryyear.‘Thentherearemicroplastics.Plasticfibresarereleasedwhenwewashpolyester(聚酯纖維)andotherpolymer-basedtextiles,andmakeupbetween20%and35%ofthemicroplasticschokingtheoceans.Addedtothisarespecificchemicals,suchasthoseusedtomakefabricsstainresistantandthepesticidesrequiredtoprotectcropssuchascotton.Changeisbadlyneeded,butwillrequirethefashionindustrytoworkhardertoembracemoreofwhatisknownasthecirculareconomy.Thatwillinvolveatleasttwothings:refocusingonmakingthingsthatlast,andsoencouragingreuse;andmorerapidlyexpandingthetechnologiesforsustainablemanufacturingprocesses,especiallyrecycling.There’sabigroleforresearch--bothacademicandindustrial--inachievingtheseandotherambitions.Researcherscouldbeginbyhelpingtoprovidemoreaccurateestimatesofwateruse.Thereisalsoworktobedoneonimprovingandexpandingtextilesrecycling.Undoubtedly,usedtextilesgotolandfillinpartbecausetherearerelativelyfewsystemsthatcollect,recycleandreusematerials.Suchrecyclingrequiresthemanualseparationoffibres,aswellasbuttonsandzips.Differentfibresarenoteasytoidentifybyeye,andoverallsuchmanualprocessesaretime-consuming.Machineryisbeingdevelopedthatcanhelp.Technologiesalsoexisttorecycleusedfibreschemicallyandtocreatehigh-qualityfibresthatcanbereusedinclothing.Butthesearenowherenearthescaleneeded.Anotherchallengeforresearchersistoworkouthowtogetconsumersandmanufacturerstochangetheirbehaviour.Otherresearchquestionsincludefindingwaystoencouragepeopletopurchaselonglastinggoods;exploringhowtosatisfydesiresforsomethingnewwhilereducingenvironmentalimpact;andunderstandingwhycertainmeasurescanbesuccessfullyscaledupwhereasothersfail.12.Whydoestheauthormention“water”,“microplastics”and“chemicals”inParagraph2?A.Tolistexamples.B.Toproveapoint.C.Toprovideanidea.D.Togiveadefinition.13.Whichofthefollowinggoesagainsttheconceptof“circulareconomy”?A.Effortsaremadetolengthenthelifespanoftextiles.B.Worn-outclothesareusedasdishclothsandoilrags.C.High-qualityfibresarecreatedtobereusedinclothing.D.Fashionindustryisencouragedtoreleasenewlinesmoreoften.14.Whatistherightthingforthefashionindustryresearcherstodo?A.Tomakesurethatalloftheusedtextilesgotolandfill.B.Toseparatefibres,aswellasbuttonsandzipsmanually.C.Toimproveandexpandtextilerecyclingtoalargerextent.D.Toencourageconsumerstosatisfytheirdesiresforfashion.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Saynototheso-calledfastfashionB.AddressthechallengesforresearchersC.EmbracemoreofthecirculareconomyD.Cutfastfashion’senvironmentalimpact【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了所謂的“快時尚”潮流所帶來的環(huán)境危害，以及研究人員為了避免環(huán)境危害所進行的努力措施?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theso-called‘Fastfashion’ishavingasurprisingenvironmentalimpact.(所謂的“快時尚”正在對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生驚人的影響)”和“Thefashionindustry,oneoftheworld’slargestusersofwater,consumesanywherefrom20trillionto200trillionlitreseveryyear.Thentherearemicroplastics.Plasticfibresarereleasedwhenwewashpolyester(聚酯纖維)andotherpolymer-basedtextiles,andmakeupbetween20%and35%ofthemicroplasticschokingtheoceans.Addedtothisarespecificchemicals,suchasthoseusedtomakefabricsstainresistantandthepesticidesrequiredtoprotectcropssuchascotton.(時裝業(yè)是世界上用水最多的行業(yè)之一，每年的用水量在20萬億到200萬億升之間。還有微塑料。當(dāng)我們清洗聚酯纖維和其他基于聚合物的紡織品時，塑料纖維被釋放出來，構(gòu)成了阻塞海洋的20%到35%的微塑料。除此之外，還有一些特殊的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，比如用來使織物耐污的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，以及保護棉花等作物所需的農(nóng)藥)”可知，作者在第二段中提到“水”、“微塑料”和“化學(xué)品”的目的是為了證明一個觀點，也就是“快時尚”正在對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生驚人的影響。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thatwillinvolveatleasttwothings:refocusingonmakingthingsthatlast,andsoencouragingreuse;andmorerapidlyexpandingthetechnologiesforsustainablemanufacturingprocesses,especiallyrecycling.There’sabigroleforresearch--bothacademicandindustrial--inachievingtheseandotherambitions.(這將至少涉及兩件事：重新專注于讓物品耐用，從而鼓勵重復(fù)使用；更迅速地擴大可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)工藝的技術(shù)，特別是回收利用。在實現(xiàn)這些和其他雄心方面，學(xué)術(shù)和工業(yè)研究都發(fā)揮著重要作用)”可知，與“循環(huán)經(jīng)濟”的概念相抵觸的是鼓勵時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)更頻繁地發(fā)布新產(chǎn)品。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Researcherscouldbeginbyhelpingtoprovidemoreaccurateestimatesofwateruse.Thereisalsoworktobedoneonimprovingandexpandingtextilesrecycling.(研究人員可以從幫助提供更準(zhǔn)確的用水量估算開始。在改善和擴大紡織品回收方面也有工作要做)”可知，時尚產(chǎn)業(yè)研究者應(yīng)該做的正確的事情是在更大程度上改善和擴大紡織品回收利用。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Theso-called‘Fastfashion’ishavingasurprisingenvironmentalimpact.(所謂的“快時尚”正在對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生驚人的影響)”和第三段的“Changeisbadlyneeded,butwillrequirethefashionindustrytoworkhardertoembracemoreofwhatisknownasthecirculareconomy.(變革是迫切需要的，但這需要時尚行業(yè)更加努力，更多地接受所謂的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟)”可知，文章講述了所謂的“快時尚”對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的影響，以及給我們提供的建議，以避免這種影響，因此最好的題目是D選項“Cutfastfashion’senvironmentalimpact(減少快時尚對環(huán)境的影響)”。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Doyougetnervousthinkingaboutgeometry,equationsoracomingmathtest?Ifyes,youarefarfromalone.___16___Studentsincountrieswithhigherlevelsofmathanxietytendtoachievelowermathgrades,accordingtoastudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesonFeb15.AccordingtoaUniversityofCambridgestudy,inordinarylife,manypeopleexperiencesomedegreeofdiscomfortwhenfacedwithamathproblem,rangingfrommildtensiontostrongfear.___17___Theymaythentrytoavoideverysituationinvolvingnumbers,meaningtheyareheldbackfrompursuingcareersrelatedtothissubject.Comfortcomesfromthefactthatthosewithmathanxietyarenotnecessarilytobebadatmath.___18___Theymayhavehadareallybadexperiencewithmathandtherearewaystoimprovemathachievement.___19___Ifyou’refeelingstressedbeforeamathexam,itmayhelptospendafewminutesexploringthosefeelingsbeforetheexambegins.It’saboutmakingsureyou’reinterpretingyourfeelingscorrectly.Inaddition,alittlemathanxietycouldbetakenasapositivechallengetoovercome.___20___A.Also,therearewaystomanageyourstressrelatedtomath.B.Studentswithmathanxietyarenotcognitivelydisadvantaged.C.Ifachildhasmathanxiety,don’tassumethatthey’renotgoodatmath.D.Mathanxietyhasbecomeacommonpsychologicalconditionamongstudentsaroundtheworld.E.Justbecauseyouhaveafastheartbeatandsweatypalms,thatdoesnotnecessarilymeanyouwillfail.F.Justlikemanypeoplegetstagefrightbeforedeliveringaspeech,thisnervousenergycanhelptomotivate.G.Somepeoplealsoexperiencephysicalsymptomssuchassweatypalmsoraracingheart.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥及其影響，并闡明數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥的孩子并不一定數(shù)學(xué)能力欠缺，以及如何正確應(yīng)對數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥和它積極的一面?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上一句話“Doyougetnervousthinkingaboutgeometry,equationsoracomingmathtest?Ifyes,youarefarfromalone.(一想到幾何、方程或即將到來的數(shù)學(xué)考試，你會緊張嗎?如果是的話，你并不孤單)”可知，數(shù)學(xué)焦慮是普遍存在的，D選項“Mathanxietyhasbecomeacommonpsychologicalconditionamongstudentsaroundtheworld.(數(shù)學(xué)焦慮已經(jīng)成為世界各地學(xué)生普遍存在的一種心理狀況)”說明了數(shù)學(xué)焦慮的普遍存在，因此D選項承接上文，符合語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“manypeopleexperiencesomedegreeofdiscomfort(許多人在面對數(shù)學(xué)問題時都會經(jīng)歷某種程度的不適)”可知，舉例說明人們遇到數(shù)學(xué)問題時產(chǎn)生的不舒服。而G選項“Somepeoplealsoexperiencephysicalsymptomssuchassweatypalmsoraracingheart.(有些人還會出現(xiàn)手心出汗或心跳加速等身體癥狀)”與上文形成并列、排比，也是講的人們在遇到數(shù)學(xué)問題時產(chǎn)生的不舒服，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境。故選G。【18題詳解】本段第一句“Comfortcomesfromthefactthatthosewithmathanxietyarenotnecessarilytobebadatmath.(有數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥的人并不一定數(shù)學(xué)不好，這一點讓人感到寬慰)”說明寬慰來自于一個事實，也就是那些有數(shù)學(xué)焦慮的小孩并不一定不擅長數(shù)學(xué)，C選項“Ifachildhasmathanxiety,don’tassumethatthey’renotgoodatmath.(如果一個孩子有數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥，不要認為他們不擅長數(shù)學(xué))”承接上文，符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Ifyou’refeelingstressedbeforeamathexam,itmayhelptospendafewminutesexploringthosefeelingsbeforetheexambegins.It’saboutmakingsureyou’reinterpretingyourfeelingscorrectly.(如果你在數(shù)學(xué)考試前感到壓力很大，那么在考試開始前花幾分鐘探索一下這種感覺可能會有所幫助。這是為了確保你正確地理解自己的感受)”可知，這一段應(yīng)該講如何克服數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥，A選項“Also,therearewaystomanageyourstressrelatedtomath.(此外，也有一些方法可以管理與數(shù)學(xué)有關(guān)的壓力)”引出下文，符合語境，故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Inaddition,alittlemathanxietycouldbetakenasapositivechallengetoovercome.(此外，輕微的數(shù)學(xué)焦慮可以作為一種積極的挑戰(zhàn)來克服)”可知，輕微數(shù)學(xué)焦慮也能被當(dāng)作一種積極的挑戰(zhàn)，也就是說輕微的數(shù)學(xué)焦慮是有好處的。F選項“Justlikemanypeoplegetstagefrightbeforedeliveringaspeech,thisnervousenergycanhelptomotivate.(就像很多人在發(fā)表演講前會怯場一樣，這種緊張的能量有助于激勵人)”承接上文，做出解釋，符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。BradstoodsilentlyoutsideDr.Gardner’soffice.OvertheyearsBradhadbeenintheofficeofhisbossmoretimesthanhecouldcountbutneverlikethis.Thisvisit___21___himandhewascertainhisshallowbreathandsweatyforeheadwouldbetrayhisfeelingofalarmthemomentheenteredtheroom.“Come!”Thevoice,strongasever,shockedBrad.Hewalkedintotheroom,closingthedoor.”DoyouknowwhyIaskedtoseeyou?”Dr.Gardneraskedwithout___22___fromhisdesk.“No,”Brad___23___,ashesatdowninthechairoppositehismentor.“Iamout,”Dr.Gardnerresponded.“Therehavebeen___24___thatI’mnolongeruptothejob.”“Thatcan’tbetrue,”Bradsaid,___25___tobesurprised.“___26___it,”Dr.Gardnerinterrupted,“You’veheardthewhispers.It’snotbeenthebest-keptsecret,Brad.”BradknewDr.Gardnerwasright.Everyonedidknow,especiallyBradsincehehadbeentheonetosendtheanonymousletterthat___27___Dr.Gardner’sfailingeyesightandshakyhands.”Ihavesomethingformysuccessor(繼任者).”Dr.Gardneropenedhistopdeskdrawerandpullingoutarectangularbox.Bradsatsilentlyastheolddoctorhandedtheboxtohim.HehadoftenthoughtofthismomentandeachtimeBradfeltgreatly___28___.Yetnow,withhisdreamfinallywithinreach,allhefeltwasa(n)___29___feelinginthepitofhisstomach.Theboxseemed___30___.Insidewasanoldscalpel(外科手術(shù)刀).Itsbladestillshinedbutitswoodenhandlewasaswornastheboxthat___31___it.“Thisscalpelwasgiventomebymymentor.”Dr.Gardnersaid,___32___thesilence.“Hepassedit___33___tomewithencouragementanda(n)___34___.HetoldmethatasasurgeonIheldlifeanddeathinmyhandseachtimeIsteppedintoanoperatingroom.I’llleaveyouwiththesamewords.Yourscalpelis___35___atool.Howyouuseitisuptoyou.”21.A.shocked B.scared C.satisfied D.shamed22.A.turningaround B.standingup C.lookingup D.leaningforward23.A.smiled B.argued C.lied D.shouted24.A.facts B.reports C.conclusions D.whispers25.A.pretending B.intending C.seeming D.claiming26.A.Save B.Make C.Get D.Leave27.A.read B.detailed C.discovered D.announced28.A.excited B.encouraged C.fortunate D.energetic29.A.strong B.empty C.proud D.fearless30.A.new B.delicate C.ancient D.dusty31.A.housed B.presented C.carried D.maintained32.A.stopping B.avoiding C.beating D.breaking33.A.back B.down C.forward D.around34.A.warning B.lesson C.expectation D.inspiration35.A.like B.such C.just D.even【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.A27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了已經(jīng)知道了自己會接任導(dǎo)師的Brad，終于迎來了自己人生中的這一刻，也同時收到了來自前輩的教誨和信物。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這次來訪令他感到害怕，他確信他那粗淺的呼吸和汗流浹背的額頭會暴露出他一進門就驚慌失措的感覺。A.shocked使震驚；B.scared使害怕；C.satisfied使?jié)M意；D.shamed使丟臉。根據(jù)下文“hisfeelingofalarm”可知，這次來訪把他嚇了一跳，空格處意為“使害怕”。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：加德納醫(yī)生頭也不抬地問。A.turningaround轉(zhuǎn)身；B.standingup站起來；C.lookingup抬頭；D.leaningforward前傾。根據(jù)上文“without”和下文“fromhisdesk”可知，加德納醫(yī)生頭也不抬地問。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“沒有。”布拉德撒謊說，在導(dǎo)師對面的椅子上坐下。A.smiled微笑；B.argued爭論；C.lied撒謊；D.shouted大聲喊。根據(jù)下文“Everyonedidknow,especiallyBrad”可知，布拉德說不知道其實是在撒謊。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有傳言說我已經(jīng)不能勝任這份工作了。A.facts事實；B.reports報道；C.conclusions結(jié)論；D.whispers低語。根據(jù)下文“You’veheardthewhispers”可知，句子表示“有傳言說我已經(jīng)不能勝任這份工作了”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句