考研英語閱讀技巧之十大題型(配合最經典200例題)

肖克考研十大題型解題思路速成以及猜題技巧Part1.十大題型解題思路速成以及猜題技巧課程教學目標精確剖析二十年閱讀真題的十大題型，包括主旨題，細節(jié)題，推理題，論點論據題，猜詞題，原因題，條件題等核心解題思路。精確剖析二十年閱讀真題的十大題型的題干特點，提問方式以及題干定位方法，尋找題干的方法。精確剖析二十年閱讀真題的十大題型的正確答案特征，包括正確答案的概括性，抽象性，主題性等特點。精確剖析二十年閱讀真題的十大題型的錯誤答案特征，包括本末倒置，偷換概念，所答非所問，過于片面等大量分析二百多道例題的詞匯特征，難句特點以及中心詞展開模式，打造詞句篇三位一體的獨特閱讀方法和模式全面把握每個題型的潛在命題點和出題方向，并預測未來考試的題型分布和趨勢，選項難度，正確率，區(qū)分度。（7）通過分析題型講解段落以及文章中心開展的十大模式，樹立強大的主題把握能力，和對段落以及文章高屋建瓴駕馭能力（8）通過分析題型精確剖析段落的八大結構，六大文脈，掌握閱讀提高效率和速度的方法，講解如何忽略無效信息八大方法（9）通過分析題型講解6000個考研高頻詞匯的用法以及搭配（10）通過分析題型提高正確率和解題效率至少五倍以上Part2肖克考研英語顛峰輔導全程安排肖克考研英語全程飛躍70分策劃課程8小時（系統(tǒng)分析考研英語六大階段復習方案，包括各大板塊學習方法，以及英語突破高分方法）肖克考研英語核心語法及長難句課程35小時(精確剖析800個歷史最經典長難句以及80個語法規(guī)律，做到從此人生再也沒有長難句子)肖克考研英語十年閱讀真題精講課程70小時(洞穿閱讀真題出題規(guī)律,榨干閱讀真題文章精華,逐字逐句過文章的語言點，如核心詞匯和長難句)肖克考研英語閱讀十大題型以及解題技巧課程65小時（全面剖析十種考研題型的題干特點，定位方法，正確錯誤答案特征，比如猜詞題，論點論據題，配合248道最經典真題和模擬題，解開閱讀命題真相）肖克考研英語核心單詞巧記課程42小時（全面剖析4378個高頻詞匯的核心用法，記憶方法以及特殊意思，做到滿篇無生詞的愉悅感）肖克考研英語瘋狂口語班（全面剖析口語發(fā)音的訣竅，48個國際音標以及35個發(fā)音技巧，可以脫口而出流利標準的英文口語）肖克考研英語寫作強化課程21小時（全面剖析寫作閃光詞以及復雜句型創(chuàng)作原理以及寫作萬能模板，大小作文的精準預測）肖克考研英語新題型以及完型強化課程21小時（全面剖析排序題，完型填句題解題思路以及選項規(guī)律，介紹新題型宏觀閱讀法，完型詞匯復現等成熟解題思路）肖克考研英語翻譯強化課程15小時（全面剖析38種翻譯技巧，包括增譯法，減譯法，正話反譯法，并系統(tǒng)地評價翻譯評分標準和十年真題）肖克四六級閱讀強化課程(洞穿四六級閱讀真題出題規(guī)律以及解題方法,還原四六級命題真相)肖克四六級萬能作文沖刺課程8小時（重點剖析八種四六級作文超級模板使用方法，比如利弊說明的文章，可以短時間速成作文）肖克考研閱讀110篇專項訓練課程32小時（全面剖析十種專業(yè)題材文章的閱讀方法，提高閱讀微技能，專業(yè)詞匯量，語感和長難句分析，大量做題獲取閱讀提高的方法）肖克考研英語萬能作文沖刺課程10小時（重點剖析六種大作文超級作文模板使用方法，比如批判危害的文章，可以短時間速成作文）肖克考研新概念三精講班15小時（全面剖析新概念三語言點，文章閃光句型，詞匯以及提高寫作和閱讀的基本功）Part3肖克老師聯(lián)系方式以及課后服務微博為新浪網的肖克老師QQ為1120994121，每晚十點以后手機號碼每晚十點以后上了肖克網課馬上給肖克老師發(fā)個短信息，把你的郵箱發(fā)到手機上，有超過上百種電子版學習資料贈送，郵寄到你的郵箱。Part4必備的用書（當當網，當地書店可以買）1.詞匯方面：詞匯寶典北航出版社真題方面：16年真題名師解析北航出版社閱讀方面：閱讀110篇北航出版社難句方面：長難句突破與速成北航出版社寫作方面：寫作超級寶典北航出版社Part5長難句課程教學目標精確掌握六十多種各種句型結構以及獨特的拆分方法精通難句的萬能技巧長難句的“三步走”。瘋狂練習歷年真題中出現頻率最高的三百多個經典句子，洞穿精華句型。夯實基礎，講解句子的基本成分，從初級到高級各種語法現象，包括倒裝，省略，強調句等等。把難句“字面化逐字翻譯”提高到“意群性分析性翻譯”到“無意識的機械化理解”全面提升難句分析準確性和效率，把握每個難句的潛在命題點和出題方向，講解正確答案特征（7）熟練閃光句型的寫作原理，為未來寫作的妙筆生輝和下筆有神做好準備（8）通過分析長難句打通英文文化思維，樹立強大的西方式閱讀模式（9）通過分析長難句精講和擴充一千個考研核心詞匯，為詞匯的飛躍做好儲備（10）通過分析長難句打好閱讀基礎，為將來的段落分析和文章宏觀的駕馭能力打好基礎Part6.閱讀十二年真題超級精講課程教學目標精確剖析十二年閱讀真題的50篇真題，逐字逐句講解語言閃光點，包括每篇文章核心詞匯，超級句型，選項分析精通閱讀真題的萬能技巧文章分析的“三步走”。大量分析歷年真題中超過十五個單詞以上的六百多個經典句子，洞穿難句精華句型和語法規(guī)則。大量分析歷年真題中超高頻詞匯（4500個）用法，包括詞匯特殊意思，經典搭配，核心例句，聽真題背單詞很爽全面把握每個題型的潛在命題點和出題方向，講解每個題型，如主旨題，細節(jié)題的正確答案特征以及定位方法（6）通過分析文章打通英文文化思維，樹立強大的西方式閱讀模式，了解西方人寫作思維十大模式（7）通過分析文章講解段落以及文章中心開展的十大模式，樹立強大的主題把握能力，和對文章高屋建瓴駕馭能力（8）通過分析文章精確剖析文章的八大結構，六大文脈，掌握閱讀提高效率和速度的方法，講解如何忽略無效信息八大方法（9）通過分析文章講解閃光句型，對閃光句型不斷模仿造句，提高寫作的基本功，也就是遣詞造句的能力（10）通過分析選項剖析正確答案十大特點，錯誤答案十大特點，以及剩下兩個答案排除的方法的技巧，加倍提升正確率和解題效率(總論)選項規(guī)律的研究（1）正確答案的特征同義改寫的手段同義詞替換詞性的轉化正話反說，反話正說具體與抽象轉化從句與簡單句的轉化主動與被動的轉化虛擬和真實的轉化名詞性短語和名詞性從句的轉化動作和狀態(tài)的轉化比較級與最高級轉化（2）錯誤答案的命題特點：1.張冠李戴2.過于絕對3.斷章取義推理過度偷換概念，小動作字面意思，膚淺直白因果顛倒，邏輯混亂擴大范圍無據比較10.時態(tài)語態(tài)錯誤（3）選項技巧的練習1.Ibelievethatthisorganizationmaysucceedmarvelouslyatwhatitwantstodo,butwhatitwantstodomaynotbeallthatimportant.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor?A.TheorganizationismarvelousinmakingagoodgoalB.Theorganizationwillsucceedgreatlyinwhatitisrequiredtodo.C.Althoughtheorganizationreachesitsgoals,thegoalsarenotbeoflittleimportance.D.WhattheorganizationwantsismarvelousE.thegoalsoftheorganizationarequestioned2.ThisbookcontainsatotallynewoutlookthatcontainsthewisdomofthepastwithscientificknowledgetosolvetheproblemofthepresentWhatcanbeinferredfromthesentence?A.ProblemsofthepastandpresentaresolvedinthisbookB,Inthebook,currentknowledgeandpastwisdomarecombinedtosolvecurrentproblemsC.OnlybyusingknowledgeofthepastandpresentcanwesolvetheproblemsD.Thedifferentbookcombinesthewisdomofthepastwithscientificknowledgetohandlepresentproblems.E.Noneoftoday’sproblemscanbesolvedwithoutscientificknowledge3.Whenthereisanabsenceofreliableinformationaboutdrugs,therisksinvolvedinusingthemaregreatlyincreased.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesentence?A.Thereisnoreliableinformationaboutdrugs.B.TheinformationofdrugsistoodifficulttobegraspedclearlyC.TherisksinvolvedinusingdrugshaveincreasedD.PeopleshouldtrytofindoutaboutdrugsbeforeusingthemE.Therearenorisksinvolvedinusingdrugsifwehavereliableinformationaboutthem4.Taxesbeingsohigh,thedescendantsofthewealthyclassofthenineteenthcenturyarebeingforcedtorentouttheirestatestopayingguestsInthenineteenthcentury,thewealthyclassrentedoutestatesB.ThedescendantsofthewealthyclassareunwillingtopaythetaxesGuestspayhightaxeswhentheyrentoldestatesSomefamiliesthatwereoncewealthyarehavingtroublepayingtheirtaxes.Hightaxeshavedestroyedthelivesofsomeoftheoldwealthyfamilies5.AccordingtothedefinitionofChinesetraditionalmedicine,acupunctureisknowntothetreatmentofdiseasenotthereliefofpainsbyinsertingveryfineneedlestothebodyatspecificpointscalledloci.A.acupuncturecanbeusedtotreatillnessandrelievepainsB.finelypointedneedlescalledlociareusedinacupuncture.C.inChinesetraditionalmedicine,acupunctureisknowntotreatdiseaseratherthanrelievingpainsD.thoseusingacupuncturetreatdiseasebyplacingneedlesintothebodyatspecificpointsE.onlythosewhopracticetraditionalChinesemedicineuseacupuncturePart1論點論據題(1)題型特點:事實說話往往是最有效的論證方式之一，命題專家在設置題目時往往也會針對文中的事例設問，考查考生對局部結構的理解?？忌鷤冊趹美C原則解題時還應注意常用的例證方式有兩種：一是先提出觀點，后舉例說明；二是先列舉事例再做出結論?？忌鷳攲W會舉一反三，不要被各種原則的變化形式所迷惑。當詢問論據的寫作目的時,注意區(qū)分論點和論據。(2)題干特點:sthorsbismentionedtoillustratebycitingtheexampleofsth,theauthormeansbyreferringtotheexampleofsth,theauthorindicatesthatwhenmentioningtheexampleofsth,theauthormeansTheauthormentionstheexampleofsthtodemonstrateTheexampleofsthismentionedtoshowWhatdoestheauthorillustratewithsth?Theexampleofsthisnotedtosuggest(3)在文章中出題的位置:原文經常出現表示例子的提示詞:forexample,forinstance,inthecaseof,suchas….原文經常出現專有名詞:如MrSmith,WTO原文經常出現引語的地方:如sboncesaid；sboncetoldastoryabout原文出現表示實驗和調查提示詞：如experiment，survey,investigation,research等原文經常出現不定式todo引導的目的狀語原文經常出現指示代詞:如this,that,it文章的開頭段和結尾段文章中出現起程轉合的地方:如but,however,yet,nevertheless(4)實例分析:例1Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain'sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented—andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated—thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan'tapproachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon'tknowquitehowwedoit.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare.A.expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure.B.focusingonmonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadC.farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation.D.muchmoretalentedthanpreviouslyimagined例2HudsonInstituteresearchersbelievethatfederaltaxandbenefitpoliciesareatfaultandreformsareurgentlyneeded,buttheydisagreewiththepopularproposalthatmucholderAmericanswillhavetoworkbecauseSocialSecuritywillnotsupportthemandthatbabyboomersarenotsavingenoughforretirement.Accordingtotheincreasein401(k)andKeoghretirementplans,theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet,andthelikelihoodoflargeinheritances,thereisevidencethatbabyboomerswillreachage65withgreaterfinancialassetsthanpreviousgenerations.Whenmentioning“theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet”,HudsonInstituteresearchersA.arecallingattentiontotheretirementplansandlargerinheritance.B.areshowingthehugebenefitsofattendingthestockmarket.C.areshowingthatolderpeoplecanberichenoughforretirement.D.arejustifyingtheineffectivenessoffederaltaxandbenefitpolicies.例3Privatetelephonenumbersaregenerallybelievedtobeallowedforsalebylaws.Butprivatecompaniesagreednottobuynumbersandsendrubbishyanddisgustinginstantmessagestothepublic.Buttobusinesses,youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.Self-regulationdoesn'twork.Acountrymightintroduceaprivacy-protectionpolicy,butwhoenforcesit?Andbankswillstillbestealingdatafromyouraccountinordertosellyoufinancialproducts,includingthingsoflittlevalue,suchascreditinsuranceandcredit-cardprotectionplans.Forexample,nofederallawshields“transaction”information-mainlythedetailsofyourbankandcredit-cardaccounts.Theexampleofcreditinsuranceplansillustratethat？thelawspermitprivatephonenumberstobesoldtheprivatecompaniespromisednottosendnastyinformationcustomers’privacyarenotsufficientlyguaranteedbylawscreditprotectionplanisattractivetothecustomers例4Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit'suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians-frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient-toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.In1950,theU.S.spent12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe1540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainagesay83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”,sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.TheauthorusestheexampleofcanerpatientstoshowthatA.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted.B.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases.C.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive.D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable.例5(1).Manythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweirdbuttheweirdestmaybelikethis:artists'onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.(2).Thiswasn'talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewhereinthe19thcentury,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasinsipid,phonyor,worstofall,boringaswewentfromWordsworth'sdaffodilstoBaudelaire'sflowersofevil.BycitingtheexampleofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshowthat_________A.Poetryisnotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingormusic.B.Artgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativefeeling.C.Poetstodayarelessskepticalofhappiness.D.Artisthavechangedtheirfocusofinterest.例6WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarIIandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe"greatgame"ofespionagespyingasa"profession."ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madepastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan'svocationaswell.Donovan'sstoryismentionedinthetextto______.A.introducethetopicofonlinespying.B.showhowhefoughtfortheU.S.C.giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar.D.honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA.例7Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn'thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica'sSecondWaveinfrastructure-includingroads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon-werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain'sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyou'regoingtobe.Thatdoesn'tmeanlyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.ItdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecominfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof_________.A.gettingfinancialsupportfromoverseas.B.overcomingtheirout-datedanti-colonialprejudices.C.buildingindustrialinfrastructure.D.beinginvadedinsovereignty.例8Nowthetideappearstobeturning.Aspersonalinjuryclaimscontinueasbefore,somecourtsarebeginningtosidewithdefendants,especiallyincaseswhereawarninglabelprobablywouldn'thavechangedanything.InMay,JulieNimmons,presidentofSchuttSportsinIllinois,successfullyfoughtalawsuitinvolvingafootballplayerwhowasparalyzedinagamewhilewearingaSchutthelmet."We'rereallysorryhehasbecomeparalyzed,buthelmetsaren'tdesignedtopreventthosekindsofinjuries,"saysNimmons.Thejuryagreedthatthenatureofthegame,notthehelmet,wasthereasonfortheathlete'sinjury.Atthesametime,theAmericanLawInstitute--agroupofjudges,lawyers,andacademicswhoserecommendationscarrysubstantialweight--issuednewguidelinesfortortlawstatingthatcompaniesneednotwarncustomersofobviousdangersorbombardthemwithalengthylistofpossibleones."Importantinformationcangetburiedinaseaoftrivialities,"saysalawprofessoratCornelllawSchoolwhohelpeddraftthenewguidelines.Ifthemoderateendofthelegalcommunityhasitsway,theinformationonproductsmightactuallybeprovidedforthebenefitofcustomersandnotasprotectionagainstlegalliability.ThecaseofSchutthelmetdemonstratedthat________.A.someinjuryclaimswerenolongersupportedbylawB.helmetswerenotdesignedtopreventinjuriesC.productlabelswouldeventuallybediscardedD.somesportsgamesmightlosepopularitywithathletes例9Forexample,agrandmotherlywomanstaffingananimalrightsboothatarecentstreetfairwasdistributingabrochurethatencouragedreadersnottouseanythingthatcomesfromoristestedinanimals—nomeat,nofur,nomedicines.Askedifsheopposedimmunizations,shewantedtoknowifvaccinescomefromanimalresearch.Whenassuredthattheydo,shereplied,"ThenIwouldhavetosayyes."Askedwhatwillhappenwhenepidemicsreturn,shesaid,"Don'tworry,scientistswillfindsomewayofusingcomputers."Suchwell-meaningpeoplejustdon'tunderstand.Theexampleofthegrandmotherlywomanisusedtoshowthepublic's________.A.discontentwithanimalresearchB.ignoranceaboutmedicalscienceC.indifferencetoepidemicsD.anxietyaboutanimalrights例10In1784,fiveyearsbeforehebecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates,GeorgeWashington,52,wasnearlytoothless.Sohehiredadentisttotransplantnineteethintohisjaw--havingextractedthemfromthemouthsofhisslaves.That'safardifferentimagefromthecherry-tree-choppingGeorgemostpeoplerememberfromtheirhistorybooks.Butrecently,manyhistorianshavebeguntofocusontheroleslaveryplayedinthelivesofthefoundinggeneration.TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemadeavailablein1998,whichalmostcertainlyprovedThomasJeffersonhadfatheredatleastonechildwithhisslaveSallyHemings.Andonlyoverthepast30yearshavescholarsexaminedhistoryfromthebottomup.WorksbyGoreVidal,HenryWiencek,andGarryWillsrevealthemoralcompromisesmadebythenation'searlyleadersandthefragilenatureofthecountry'sinfancy.Moresignificant,theyarguethatmanyoftheFoundingFathersknewslaverywaswrong--andyetmostdidlittletofightit.GeorgeWashington’sdentalsurgeryismentionedtoA.showtheprimitivemedicalpracticeinthepast.B.demonstratethecrueltyofslaveryinhisdays.C.stresstheroleofslavesintheU.Shistory.D.revealsomeunknownaspectofhislife.例11“Dataisbecominganassetwhichneedstobeguardedasmuchasanyotherasset.”saysHalmMendeisonofStanfordUniversity’sbusinessschool.“Theabilitytoguardcustomerdataisthekeytomarketvalue,whichtheboardisresponsibleforonbehalfofshareholders”Indeed,justasthereistheconceptofGenerallyacceptedAccountingPrinciples(GAAP),perhapsitistimeforGASP,GenerallyacceptedSecurityPractices,suggestedEliNoamofNewYork’sColumbiaBusinessSchool.“Settingtheproperinvestmentlevelforsecurity,redundancyandrecoveryisamanagementissue,notatechnicalone,”hesays.InbringinguptheconceptofGASP,theauthorismakingthepointthatA.shareholders’interestsshouldbeproperlyattendedtoB.informationprotectionshouldbegivendueattentionC.businessshouldenhancetheirlevelofaccountingsecurityD.themarketvalueofcustomerdatashouldbeemphasized例 12Communicationstechnologiesarefarfromequalwhenitcomestoconveyingthetruth.Thefirststudyisshowingthatitistwiceaslikelytotellliesinphoneconversationsastheyareinemails.Forexample,JeffHancockofCornellUniversityinIthaca,MewYork,asked30studentstokeepacommunicationdiaryforaweek.Hancockthenworkedoutthenumberofliesperconversationfoeeachmedium.Hefoundthatliesmadeup14percentofemails,21percentofinstantmessages,27percentofface-to-faceinteractionsandanastonishing37percentofphonecalls.題目:WhatdoestheexampleofJeffHancockillustrate？A）theconsequencesoflyinginvariouscommunicationmedia.

B)themostliesmadebyphonecallsamongdifferentcommunicationmedia.

C)peoplearemorelikelytolieininstantmessagesthaninemails

D)people'shonestylevelsacrossarangeofcommunicationsmedia.例 13Intheearly1960sWiltChamberlainwasoneofonlythreeplayersintheNationalBasketballAssociationlistedatoversevenfeet.Ifhehadplayedlastseason,however,hewouldhavebeenoneof42.Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalsportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.WiltChamberlainiscitedasanexampletoA.illustratethechangeofheightofNBAplayers.B.showthepopularityofNBAplayersintheUSA.C.comparedifferentgenerationsofNBAplayers.D.assesstheachievementsoffamousNBAplayers.例 14Toparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,"allthatisneededforthetriumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing."Onesuchcausenowseekstoendbiomedicalresearchbecauseofthetheorythatanimalshaverightsrulingouttheiruseinresearch.Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates,whoseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreateningadvancesinhealthknowledgeandcare.Leadersoftheanimalrightsmovementtargetbiomedicalresearchbecauseitdependsonpublicfunding,andfewpeopleunderstandtheprocessofhealthcareresearch.Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsinresearchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatelyharmananimal.TheauthorbeginshisarticlewithEdmundBurke'swordsto________.A.callonscientiststotakesomeactionsB.criticizethemisguidedcauseofanimalrightsC.warnofthefailureofbiomedicalresearchD.showthetriumphofamisguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothingPart2.詞匯和句子的特定含義的理解(1)概論:閱讀中的詞匯題通常會有兩種情況，一種是考生一看到所考的單詞立刻心跳加速：“完了，這個詞不認識，大綱上也沒有?！边€有就是一看到單詞，立刻欣喜不已：“哈哈，這么容易的單詞。”第一種情況下考生往往會隨便猜一個選項，錯誤率很高。而第二種情況下，考生往往落入命題專家的陷阱，不知不覺地失了分，原因是考生并沒有掌握閱讀詞匯題的基本命題原則。在閱讀部分的詞匯題要考的并不是考生認不認識題中所考的單詞，否則便是命題失效。此處要考的是考生閱讀中的推斷能力，也就是說題中所考單詞的詞義必定能根據上下文推斷出來。所以考生在遇到閱讀中的詞匯題時，一定要冷靜，去上下文中細找，推斷出詞義后，可將詞義代入原文看是否通暢。

經常考同義關系，并列或遞進關系表示同義，例如：and,indeed,justas,also,besides,等均表示并列關系。標點符號暗示語義關系：破折號、冒號、或括號均表示同義解釋。并列句子的同位和同性詞很重要。(2)題型特點:當詢問詞句在上下文的特殊含義，注意結合原文進行理解，判斷在文章中的特殊含義。有的詞匯是大綱的詞匯，還有可能是超綱詞匯或句子，要注意引申含義,(3)題干特點:1.Accordingtotheauthor,theword“…”means2.by“…”,theauthormeans3.whichofthefollowingisclosetinmeaningto“…”4.theword“…”inthepassagemeans5.“…”inthepassageis6.theword“…”mostlikelymeans(4)實例分析:例1Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing“outofsightandoutofmind.”Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany’splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorwillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent(普遍的).Inthispassage,“outofsightandoutofmind”(Lines2-3,Para.3)probablymeans.A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofsightB.beingunabletoimprovethesalaryandpositionC.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroadD.beingawayfromoverseasassignmentsandtheircould-beadvancement 例2Whilecomputersoffertheseconveniencestoconsumers,theyhavemanyadvantagesforsellerstoo.Electroniccashregisterscandomuchmorethansimplyringupsales.Theycankeepawiderangeofrecords,includingwhosoldwhat,when,andtowhom.Thisinformationallowsbusinessmentokeeptrackoftheirlistofgoodsbyshowingwhichitemsarebeingsoldandhowfasttheyaremoving.Decisionstoreorderorreturngoodstosupplierscanthenbemade.Atthesametimethesecomputersreoordwhichhoursarebusiestandwhichemployeesarethemosteffi-cient,allowingpersonnelandstaffingassignmentstobemadeaccordingly.Andtheyalsoidentifypreferredcustomersforpromotionalcanlpaigns.Computersarereliedonbvmanufacturersforsimilarreasons.Thephrase"ringupsales"(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans"_____".A.informationaboutsellingtowhowhatandwhenB.keepthebasicrecordsforsellersC.callthesalesmanagerD.keeptrackofthegoods例3Whileit’struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions—betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomofothers,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportantly,perhaps,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneedsinabroadway.Bysaying“Whileit’struethat…betheyscientificorartistic?(Lines1-3,Para.5),theauthormeansthat________.A.anincredibleamountofknowledgeshouldbeincludedineducationalprogramsB.humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeedC.humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheightsD.theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked例4Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereinperilandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.Theword“bummer”mostprobablymeanssomething

A.religiousB.unpleasantC.soulD.worms例5(1)Americansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.Inhislatestbook“DoingOurOwnThing”,TheDegradationoflanguageandMusicandWhyWeshouldlike,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.(2)Blamingthepermissive1960sisnothingnew,butthisisnotyetanothercriticagainstthedeclineineducation.Mr.McWhorter'sacademicspecialtyislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof"whom",forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossofthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.(3)Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,“doingourownthing”,hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyformthatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.Theword“talking”(Line6,paragraph3)denotesA.modesty.B.personality.C.liveliness.D.informality.例6Tight-lippedeldersusedtosay,“It'snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget.”Psychologyteachesthatyoudogetwhatyouwantifyouknowwhatyouwantandwanttherightthings.”Whatdotheeldersmeanwhentheysay,"It'snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget."?A.You'llcertainlygetwhatyouwant.B.It'snousedreaming.C.Youshouldbedissatisfiedwithwhatyouhave.D.It'sessentialtosetagoalforyourself.例7“Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(無拘無束的)andunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimself…Wehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil(干苦力活)，starve,andbleed:wearethemostperfectsocietynowexistingintheworld.”Thepromiseofalandwhere“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequals