07 高頻詞匯考點(diǎn) 學(xué)案- 高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

高考英語(yǔ)詞匯高頻考點(diǎn)一輪復(fù)習(xí)綜合知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義與練習(xí)【07】（含答案）上篇advantage

cn.優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處[短語(yǔ)搭配]1.gain/have/winanadvantageover勝過(guò)，優(yōu)于2.havetheadvantageof①勝過(guò)，占優(yōu)勢(shì)②知道某人不知道的事情3.takeadvantageofsb.欺騙（或捉弄）某人4.takeadvantageofsth乘機(jī)利用某事（或某物）5.takesb.atadvantage乘人不備，冷不防地打入6.tosb.’sadvance=totheadvantageofsb.對(duì)某人有利7.turntoadvantage使轉(zhuǎn)化為有利advice

un.忠告，勸告，建議[短語(yǔ)搭配]1.giveadvicetosb.onsth.2.follow/takesb’sadvice3.dosth.by/onsb.’sadvice[強(qiáng)化練習(xí)]1.Ihave_______tomake.A.anadvice

B.asuggestion

C.apieceofadvice

D.apieceofsuggestion2.Hegavemeapieceofadvice______howtolearnEnglish.A.on

B.of

C.at

D.for答案與解析：1.B。makeasuggestion是固定搭配。而advice是不可數(shù)名詞。apieceofadvice通常和give搭配。2.A.advise

vt.忠告，勸告，建議[句型用法]1）advise+n./pron.Theteacheradvisedthefriendshipofthetwobrothers.2）advise+doingIadvisewaitingtillthepropertime.3）advisesb.todosth.Thedoctoradvisedthepatientstohaveenoughtimetosleep.4）advise+that從句/what從句Weadvicedthatsteps(should)betakenatonce5）advisesb.ofsth.向某人通知某事6）advisesbagainstdoingsth.勸說(shuō)某人不要做某事。[近義辨析]1.advise和suggest的區(qū)別advise可以用于如下句型:advisesb.todosth.。而suggest卻不能用于此句型。2．a(chǎn)dvise和persuade的區(qū)別advise強(qiáng)調(diào)“勸說(shuō)”的過(guò)程，結(jié)果可能說(shuō)服了，也可能沒(méi)說(shuō)服。Persuade強(qiáng)調(diào)勸說(shuō)的結(jié)果，結(jié)果是說(shuō)服了。e.g.Iadvisedhimtogohomebuthewouldliketogoshopping.=Itriedtopersuadehimtogohomebuthewouldliketogoshopping.[強(qiáng)化練習(xí)]1.I______myfathertogiveupsmoking,butheisstillusedtosmoking.

A.advice

B.trytoadvise

C.persuade

D.trytopersuade2.Allthestudentsadvisetheboybreakingabranch_________.A.punished

B.punish

C.bepunished

D.shouldpunish答案與解析：1.D．trytopersuade=advise。而A選項(xiàng)中的advice是名詞。2.C．a(chǎn)dvise后的賓語(yǔ)從句后要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)用：shoulddo的形式，should可以省略。下篇affair

cn.事，事情[短語(yǔ)搭配]theMinistryofForeignAffairs外交部[近義辨析]

accident,affair,incident和event的區(qū)別參見(jiàn)accidentafford

vt.(常接在can.could,beableto之后)負(fù)擔(dān)得起（…的費(fèi)用）;抽得出(時(shí)間);提供[句型用法]1.affordtodosth2.afford+n./pron.注:afford一般不接從句.[近義辨析]

afford和spare的區(qū)別兩者都可作“抽出時(shí)間”講。Afford常與can,could,beableto連用，后接帶to的不定式。而spare后一般接名詞，不接不定式。e.g.1)Wecan’taffordtowastetimeandmoney.

2)Canyousparemeaticket?[強(qiáng)化練習(xí)]Tofinishourtaskontime,wecan’t______towasteasingleminute.A.spare

B.offer

C.give

D.afford答案與解析：D.afraid

adj.（作表語(yǔ)）害怕，擔(dān)心（無(wú)比較級(jí)）[短語(yǔ)搭配]1.beafraidofdoing擔(dān)心某事會(huì)發(fā)生e.g.Iamafraidofhurtingherbysayingthat.2.beafraidtodo因害怕不敢做某事e.g.Wewillneverbeafraidtofightagainstourenemy.3.beafraidfor為---擔(dān)心，提心吊膽[近義辨析]

afraid和frightened的區(qū)別afraid常指心理狀態(tài)。Frightened強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。Afraid僅作表語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)。Frightened既可作表語(yǔ)，也可作定語(yǔ)。[強(qiáng)化練習(xí)]1.Motheris______hersonup,forhersonisverytired.A.afraidofwaking

B.afraidtowake

C.frightenedtowake

C.frightenedofwaking2.I